WO2012031968A1 - Générateur électrique et ensemble pale de rotor - Google Patents

Générateur électrique et ensemble pale de rotor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012031968A1
WO2012031968A1 PCT/EP2011/065079 EP2011065079W WO2012031968A1 WO 2012031968 A1 WO2012031968 A1 WO 2012031968A1 EP 2011065079 W EP2011065079 W EP 2011065079W WO 2012031968 A1 WO2012031968 A1 WO 2012031968A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
rotor blade
cylinder
generator
stator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/065079
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Evelin Sommer
Original Assignee
Evelin Sommer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evelin Sommer filed Critical Evelin Sommer
Publication of WO2012031968A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012031968A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/02Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06Rotors
    • F03D3/062Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric generator for wind power and other flow power plants. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rotor blade arrangement for wind power and other flow power plants.
  • the goal in all generator sets is to convert the energy used into electricity as efficiently as possible. It must also be considered that at times only very low wind / flow velocities can be present or that at different heights differently strong currents can exist, or that currents can even run in different directions. This applies to wind turbines as well as other plants, such as tidal or hydroelectric power plants.
  • Generators are known from the prior art, in which instead of rotor and stator two opposing coaxial rotors are used to increase the effective speed of the generator. However, these generators can only work in opposite directions. In addition, the associated drive rotors are included When using these generators, wind turbines are usually mounted one behind the other in the flow, so that only an attenuated flow can be utilized at the second rotor. Such a system is described for example in the application DE 10 2008 053 012.
  • a generator comprising: at least one flat fixed stator; at least two disc-shaped planar rotors, wherein a rotor is mounted above and a rotor below the stator substantially parallel to the stator, wherein the rotors are rotatably mounted about a common axis of rotation, wherein the rotors are drivable in the same direction or in opposite directions.
  • the generator comprises at least one additional planar stator, which is mounted above and / or below the rotors, wherein the at least one additional stator is optionally switchable.
  • Each rotor may be provided with at least two permanent magnets, and the stators or the stator may be provided with windings which are suitable for the induction of an electrical voltage.
  • a vertical rotor blade assembly comprising a cylinder, and at least two rotor blades, which are mounted perpendicular to the circular plane of the cylinder on the circumference of the cylinder.
  • the rotor blades are mounted so that an edge of the rotor blade surface in each case completely and directly adjoins the cylinder.
  • the cylinder diameter is at least 2/3 of the overall diameter of the assembly.
  • the cylinder may be formed as a hollow cylinder or solid cylinder.
  • the rotor blades may extend in an exemplary embodiment substantially over the entire length of the cylinder.
  • each rotor blade is divided over the length of the cylinder into at least two parts, wherein the rotor blade parts are mounted offset on the cylinder circumference.
  • the cylinder may be divided into at least two parts, which are arranged axially offset.
  • the rotor blades may be flat, curved or formed as a spherical shell section.
  • a turbofan plant comprising a generator as described above and two rotor blade assemblies as described which are connected to the generator so that each one rotor of the generator can be driven by a rotor blade assembly.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a generator according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a further generator according to an embodiment of the invention with additional stators
  • Figure 3 shows an exemplary rotor blade assembly according to the invention in cross-section (Figure 3a) and longitudinal section ( Figure 3b).
  • FIG. 4 a further exemplary rotor blade arrangement with three-part, offset rotor blades in an oblique view
  • Figure 6 shows an exemplary wind turbine with tower and two separate Rotor blade assemblies in cross section
  • Figure 7 shows another exemplary wind turbine with two opposing rotor blade assemblies with curved rotor blades in plan view and oblique view.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a generator 1 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Rotors and stators are inventively disc-shaped.
  • a fixed stator 2 in the form of a surface or disc between two rotatable disc-shaped rotors 4, 6 is arranged.
  • the two rotors 4, 6 are independently rotatable and arranged substantially parallel to the stator 2.
  • a rotor 4 is located above, the other 6 below the stator 2.
  • Rotor and stator are at a small distance from each other, but do not touch.
  • the two rotors 4, 6 can rotate at different speeds in the same or opposite direction.
  • the rotors are arranged substantially coaxially.
  • the drive shafts 7, 8 of the rotors 4, 6 may be designed so that a first shaft 7 extends inside the hollow second shaft 8.
  • Stator and rotors may be surrounded by a generator housing 9, as shown by way of example in the figure.
  • a generator housing 9 At the contact points between the stator and shaft or between the first and second rotor shaft bearing elements 5 are respectively provided, which allow a loss-free as possible rotation of the shafts / rotors, such as radial bearings of any embodiment.
  • the generator may be provided with sliding contacts or brushes or be designed as a brushless generator.
  • the voltage can be indexed either in the rotor 4, 6 or in the stator 2.
  • a magnetic field is provided by the rotors, which is achieved for example by permanent magnets, which are arranged in each case alternately on the circular rotor surface 4, 6.
  • magnets may be mounted on both sides of the rotor or individual magnets may be mounted in through openings of the disc; Similarly, the magnets may be mounted only on one surface of the rotor. In practical embodiments, a large number of magnets may be used, which are arranged along the circumference of the rotor.
  • Material can be used for example ferrite magnets or rare earth magnets.
  • electrically driven induction loops for generating the magnetic field may be used in the rotors instead of permanent magnets.
  • the advantage of such a design, especially in large systems is that a force-dependent control is possible.
  • the magnetic field strength at low wind speeds or when starting the generator can be kept lower and increased later.
  • the entire system can be variably adapted to different flow forces, for example, to keep the starting resistance low.
  • the magnetic field strengths in this case can also be adjusted separately for each rotor.
  • a similar control can be achieved easily by regulating the distance between the rotor and stator.
  • the rotors may be movably mounted in the axial direction.
  • the stator 2 may be provided with windings in which a voltage is indicated during operation of the generator.
  • the windings may be flat, copper or aluminum wire windings embedded parallel to the rotor plane, but also printed windings on the stator plate surface.
  • the stator surface may be provided with regularly arranged through openings into which finished windings can then be inserted.
  • the stator may be provided with integrally formed or attached projections around which the windings pass.
  • baked enameled wire or similar materials can be used to make iron-free self-supporting coils in disc form.
  • the current induced in the coils can be dissipated by a commutator.
  • the stator 2 may be insulated in cross-section so that the two surfaces of the stator are electromagnetically shielded from each other.
  • separate windings may be disposed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the stator.
  • a voltage is induced independently on both sides of the stator.
  • the resulting separate generator elements, once with rotor 4 and once with rotor 6, can be connected in parallel or in series depending on the application.
  • the rotors 4, 6 could include an insulating layer. Depending on the design of the generator, this can help to avoid undesired interactions such as eddy currents during induction due to different directions of rotation and speeds of the two rotors.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a generator according to the invention.
  • two additional stators 12, 13, respectively above and below the rotor-stator arrangement of Figure 1 are shown.
  • the rotor disk 4 is now between the stator surfaces 2 and 12, while the rotor disk 6 between the two stator 2 and 13.
  • a voltage can be induced in the additional stators by the rotation of the rotor disks.
  • the additional stators could be flexibly connected as needed or disconnected from the system to reduce or increase the voltage yield depending on the flows utilized. In this way, without significant structural change, only by the additional stators, the efficiency of the generator can be increased.
  • the generator according to the invention could also be designed so that a voltage is induced in windings of the rotors, while the magnetic field is built up by permanent magnets on the stator. In this case, however, brushes or sliding contacts are needed to remove the tension.
  • windings and magnetic field means are equally applicable here.
  • Another option is a structure in which the permanent magnets together with the windings on the stator are provided, while the rotors are designed as field closing means, for example as a massive iron disc.
  • the rotor disk can be structured so that it is provided on the circular surface with regular elevations, so that at these points the air gap to the stator is minimal and the magnetic field is controlled accordingly.
  • radial struts could be evenly spaced on the plate, with the number of struts corresponding to the number of permanent magnets.
  • the described generators according to the invention can be installed in all variants with any equipment in which two separate rotor blade assemblies are present. Conceivable are both horizontal and vertical rotor blade assemblies.
  • the rotor blade assemblies can be arranged one behind the other in the same flow path or in different flow paths.
  • a rotor blade assembly for driving a rotor of the generator is provided. Whether the rotors are driven in the same or in the opposite direction can be determined by the design of the rotor blade assemblies. For example, two separate but similar rotor blade assemblies could be arranged so that the second rotor blade assembly would be mounted in exactly the opposite way. In this way, an opposing drive is automatically realized.
  • FIG. 3 shows a rotor blade arrangement 20 with a vertical axis of rotation according to the invention in cross-section (FIG. 3a) and longitudinal section (FIG. 3b).
  • three rotor blades 24, 25, 26 are mounted at preferably uniform spacing on a central closed cylinder 22.
  • only two rotor blades or more than three rotor blades may be attached to the cylinder 22.
  • the rotor blades may have a flat or curved shape, such as in the form of cylindrical sections or spherical shells. The The axis of rotation is usually vertical in the flow, ie in the wind.
  • the cylinder diameter is about 2/3 of the total diameter of the rotor blade assembly in cross section, so that the rotor blades 24, 25, 26 have a width of about 1/3 of the radius, as indicated in Figure 3a.
  • the coaxial cylinder 22 may be made solid or hollow; For reasons of weight, a hollow cylinder is preferred. Depending on the structure of the overall construction, however, a higher internal weight may be desired in order to influence the center of gravity or the rotational behavior of the system. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the internal structure of the cylinder can be designed as desired, depending on the requirements.
  • struts could be provided for reinforcement
  • the cylinder could be attached to the rotor head at one or more points on the shaft, and the cylinder could be made open and / or closed at the bottom or closed.
  • the rotor blades 24, 25, 26 may be curved or shaped in a similar manner to a spherical shell-shaped cutout.
  • the rotor blades are mounted so that all curvatures point in the same direction. Even with flat rotor blades, the corners can be rounded both at the outer edge and in the contact area with the cylinder in order to improve the flow characteristics.
  • This embodiment is outlined in Figure 4 as a dashed line. Depending on the application, however, a flat shape of the rotor blades may also be desirable.
  • the rotor blades may be connected to the cylinder in any suitable manner; For example, they can be welded, screwed or plugged into the cylinder.
  • suitable materials such as metals or plastics that can withstand the acting flow forces.
  • the rotor blades can be divided in the vertical direction into several parts, which are arranged slightly offset around the cylinder 22 around. Such an arrangement is outlined in FIG. In this example, each rotor blade 33, 34, 35 is divided into three parts 33a, 33b, 33c, 34a, b, c, 35a, b, c.
  • the staggered arrangement of the rotor blades ensures a more uniform absorption of the flow forces and thus less imbalance in operation, so that the load on the components is in turn substantially reduced.
  • a wind turbine can be equipped with a generator as in Figures 1 or 2 and two rotor blade assemblies as in Figure 3 (or following).
  • FIG. 6 shows such a wind turbine according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Two rotor blade assemblies with a vertical axis of rotation are mounted one above the other on a tower or mast 50.
  • the generator 1 In the upper part of the mast is the generator 1, which can convert the rotational movement of the two rotor blade assemblies by induction into electricity.
  • the generator could be a generator 1 according to the invention as described in FIGS. 1 and 2; but any other suitable generator can alternatively be used. From the generator 1 extend the two drive axles 7, 8 of the rotors (not visible), which are each connected to a rotor blade assembly 20.
  • the axles may extend over the entire length of the rotor blade assembly or may be attached only to a portion thereof.
  • the system shown is gearless.
  • the cylinder 22 is designed as a hollow cylinder, on whose outer circumference the rotor blades 24, 25 extend over the entire length.
  • the two free-running rotor heads 20 act in this construction in opposite directions, since the second rotor head and the second rotor blade assembly is disposed relative to the first rotor head simply in the opposite direction.
  • the opposing rotation neutralizes the moments of inertia, which normally act as static loads on one side of the overall structure.
  • each of the two superposed rotor blade assemblies is in this case responsible for the operation of one of the two rotors.
  • the generator according to the invention with disc-shaped stators and rotors with other rotor blade arrangements or turbines, for example with rotor heads with a horizontal axis.
  • the rotor blade assembly according to the invention with any generators can be combined, for example, with a conventional generator with two counter-rotating rotors without additional stator.
  • Figures 7a and 7b show another exemplary embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention with exemplary rotor blade assemblies.
  • Figure 7a shows the system in an oblique view from below, while Figure 7b outlines the top view of the two rotor blade assemblies.
  • two rotor blade assemblies are mounted on a mast 50.
  • In the mast run two internal shafts (not shown), which are each connected to a rotor blade assembly.
  • Each rotor blade arrangement comprises a cylinder 22 and three rotor blades 44, 45, which are arranged regularly around its circumference and bear directly against the cylinder 22.
  • the rotor blades 44, 45 are curved so that they correspond to open sections of a ball shell flattened on both sides or a hollow lentoid.
  • the openings of the rotor blades 44 of a first rotor blade assembly are arranged opposite to the openings of the rotor blades 45 of the second rotor blade assembly, so that the two rotor blade assemblies 44, 45 will rotate in an impinging flow opposite to each other.
  • a generator 60 is mounted below the mast, by means of which the rotational movement of the two rotor blade assemblies is converted into electrical energy.
  • both flows can nevertheless be converted into electrical power with a single generator. Since the two rotors rotate independently of each other, both the speed and the direction of two flows can be different, without negatively affecting the operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble pale de rotor vertical (20) comprenant un cylindre (22) et au moins deux pales de rotor (24, 25, 26, 44, 45) montées perpendiculairement au plan circulaire du cylindre, sur la périphérie du cylindre (22), le bord de la surface de pale de rotor (24, 25, 26, 44, 45) reposant respectivement directement sur le cylindre (22).
PCT/EP2011/065079 2010-09-07 2011-09-01 Générateur électrique et ensemble pale de rotor WO2012031968A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010040359.8 2010-09-07
DE102010040359A DE102010040359A1 (de) 2010-09-07 2010-09-07 Elektrischer Generator und Rotorblattanordnung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012031968A1 true WO2012031968A1 (fr) 2012-03-15

Family

ID=44532876

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/065079 WO2012031968A1 (fr) 2010-09-07 2011-09-01 Générateur électrique et ensemble pale de rotor

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102010040359A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012031968A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2918823A1 (fr) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 Céline Porrini Éolienne à vents artificiels
GB2597513A (en) * 2020-07-24 2022-02-02 Tempest Brannan Energy recovery unit for a vehicle

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3006012B1 (fr) * 2013-05-22 2015-05-08 Crea Concept Hydrolienne a generatrice electrique integree
WO2021035933A1 (fr) 2019-08-26 2021-03-04 美的威灵电机技术(上海)有限公司 Moteur et ventilateur

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0091985A1 (fr) * 1982-04-15 1983-10-26 Alfredo M. Anos Dispositif de génération de puissance électrique
DE20205073U1 (de) * 2002-03-30 2002-09-05 Roth Hubert Windkraftanlage mit entgegengesetzt rotierenden Laufrädern
US20030122380A1 (en) * 2001-12-31 2003-07-03 Harbison Charles C. Wind-driven twin turbine
WO2009010736A2 (fr) * 2007-07-17 2009-01-22 Dale Vince Turbine à axe vertical
DE102008053012A1 (de) 2008-10-23 2010-04-29 Stanev, Andrej, Dr.-Ing. Wind- oder Strömungskraftanlage (WSKA) mit mehrfach angetriebener Stromproduktion
US20100104417A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-04-29 Seungbae Lee Dual rotor wind turbine
WO2010059980A1 (fr) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-27 Satwant Grewal Systèmes et méthodes de production d'énergie à l'aide de l'énergie éolienne
US20100148516A1 (en) * 2008-07-18 2010-06-17 Buhtz Barton A Wind powered generator
US20100194251A1 (en) * 2009-02-02 2010-08-05 Sikes George W Axial generator for Windcrank™ vertical axis wind turbine

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CH682891A5 (de) * 1990-07-16 1993-12-15 Garu Ag Hauptspindelantrieb für eine Werkzeugmaschine.
JPH11201020A (ja) * 1998-01-14 1999-07-27 Hitachi Zosen Corp 小型風力発電装置
JP3368536B1 (ja) * 2001-11-08 2003-01-20 学校法人東海大学 流体発電装置
DE10208564A1 (de) * 2002-02-27 2003-09-11 Joerg Bobzin Luftspule für rotierende elektrische Maschinen und deren Herstellungsverfahren
DE10253087A1 (de) * 2002-11-13 2004-05-27 Robert Twelsiek Windkraftsystem
JP4029817B2 (ja) * 2003-10-10 2008-01-09 日産自動車株式会社 回転電機の磁気回路構造
JP4349089B2 (ja) * 2003-11-10 2009-10-21 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ アキシャルギャップ回転電機
WO2005089327A2 (fr) * 2004-03-14 2005-09-29 Revolution Electric Motor Company, Inc. Moteur-generateur a haut rendement et a faible cout
GB0614057D0 (en) * 2006-07-14 2006-08-23 Nexxtdrive Ltd Permanent magnet rotating electric machine

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0091985A1 (fr) * 1982-04-15 1983-10-26 Alfredo M. Anos Dispositif de génération de puissance électrique
US20030122380A1 (en) * 2001-12-31 2003-07-03 Harbison Charles C. Wind-driven twin turbine
DE20205073U1 (de) * 2002-03-30 2002-09-05 Roth Hubert Windkraftanlage mit entgegengesetzt rotierenden Laufrädern
WO2009010736A2 (fr) * 2007-07-17 2009-01-22 Dale Vince Turbine à axe vertical
US20100148516A1 (en) * 2008-07-18 2010-06-17 Buhtz Barton A Wind powered generator
DE102008053012A1 (de) 2008-10-23 2010-04-29 Stanev, Andrej, Dr.-Ing. Wind- oder Strömungskraftanlage (WSKA) mit mehrfach angetriebener Stromproduktion
US20100104417A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-04-29 Seungbae Lee Dual rotor wind turbine
WO2010059980A1 (fr) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-27 Satwant Grewal Systèmes et méthodes de production d'énergie à l'aide de l'énergie éolienne
US20100194251A1 (en) * 2009-02-02 2010-08-05 Sikes George W Axial generator for Windcrank™ vertical axis wind turbine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2918823A1 (fr) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 Céline Porrini Éolienne à vents artificiels
GB2597513A (en) * 2020-07-24 2022-02-02 Tempest Brannan Energy recovery unit for a vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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