WO2012028789A1 - Process for manufacturing a casting made of ductile cast iron for a high-voltage insulator fitting - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing a casting made of ductile cast iron for a high-voltage insulator fitting Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012028789A1
WO2012028789A1 PCT/FR2010/051824 FR2010051824W WO2012028789A1 WO 2012028789 A1 WO2012028789 A1 WO 2012028789A1 FR 2010051824 W FR2010051824 W FR 2010051824W WO 2012028789 A1 WO2012028789 A1 WO 2012028789A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cast iron
voltage electrical
temperature
manufacturing
casting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2010/051824
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French (fr)
Inventor
François Dauvin
Original Assignee
Sediver Societe Europeenne D'isolateurs En Verre Et Composite
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Sediver Societe Europeenne D'isolateurs En Verre Et Composite filed Critical Sediver Societe Europeenne D'isolateurs En Verre Et Composite
Priority to PCT/FR2010/051824 priority Critical patent/WO2012028789A1/en
Priority to CN2010800688825A priority patent/CN103098148A/en
Publication of WO2012028789A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012028789A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/02—Suspension insulators; Strain insulators
    • H01B17/06—Fastening of insulator to support, to conductor, or to adjoining insulator
    • H01B17/08—Fastening of insulator to support, to conductor, or to adjoining insulator by cap-and-bolt

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of high voltage electrical insulators intended to fix, maintain or support bare or isolated electrical conductors.
  • Such electrical insulators may be made of glass, ceramic or a composite synthetic material based on silicone, EPDM or any other insulating material such as resins (epoxy, .%) or epoxy-concrete mixtures .
  • a hood / rod-type insulator comprises two fixing pieces, more particularly a cover and a rod respectively sealed on the two opposite faces of an electrically insulating glass cup.
  • the cup is profiled to define fins extending the creepage distance, that is to say the distance between the two poles of the glass insulator.
  • the hood of this type of insulator is generally made by molding a ductile iron.
  • the insulator rod is designed to hook into the hood of another insulator to make a chain of insulators.
  • a ceramic insulator is generally in the form of a solid or hollow tubular column of electrically insulating ceramic.
  • the ceramic column is profiled to define the external insulation characteristics (creepage line %) and has two ends on which are fixed fasteners also made of ductile iron.
  • a composite insulator also has a body of elongate shape and profiled as in the previous case and has end fixing fittings may be cast iron or steel.
  • ductile iron fasteners made of glass, ceramic or composite material can be used in severe climatic conditions, for example at temperatures of -40 ° C.
  • the ductile iron fasteners must themselves have high mechanical properties of tensile strength and resilience (impact resistance).
  • these ductile iron fasteners must be able to exhibit at -40 ° C a resilience according to the Charpy test (following for example the EN 10045 standard) whose individual value is greater than 9 Joules and the average value is greater than 12 Joules.
  • ductile cast iron ie, spheroidal graphite GS cast iron
  • GS cast iron spheroidal graphite GS cast iron
  • these different grades of ductile iron are chosen according to the applications and the temperature conditions of use. If ductile iron with good resilience values exists at -40 ° C, it is generally found that the mechanical tensile properties of these castings are lower than those of normal cast irons.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing a fixing piece for a high voltage electrical insulator by molding a ductile iron in such a way as to obtain a part which combines at the same time good resistance properties with the traction and resilience for applications at low temperatures down to - 0 ° C.
  • the idea underlying the invention is to use a ductile cast iron whose composition and nodularization rate are chosen to give the molded parts good tensile strength over a wide spectrum of temperature of use and then of apply ferritization heat treatment to demolded parts to reinforce cold resilience.
  • the subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing a fixing part for a high-voltage electrical insulator by molding a ductile iron, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • the iron contains in proportion between 3.2% and 3.7% of carbon, between
  • Figure 1 illustrates a hood / rod type insulator with a cast ductile iron hood.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the ferritization heat treatment according to the method of the invention.
  • the high voltage isolator of the hood / rod type comprises a piece of glass insulation 1 on which is sealed on the top a cast iron hood 2 and on the underside a rod 3.
  • the cover 2 is obtained by molding a ductile iron whose chemical composition is controlled.
  • the ductile iron used for the manufacture of an insulator cover is here a cast iron whose composition is such that the molded part contains in proportion the following chemical compounds: between 3.2% and 3.7% of carbon ; between 1, 9% and 2.5% of silicon; between 0.1% and 0.5% of manganese and between 0.04 and 0.08% of phosphorus.
  • This cast iron must have in the molded cap a nodularization rate greater than 85% and preferably greater than 90% and may also contain between 0.1 and 1% of copper.
  • this ductile iron is cast at around 1400 ° C. in a core mold, by controlling the proportion of chemical elements indicated above and the rate of nodularization to obtain after solidification of the cast iron and demolding a hood or an attachment fitting in the raw state.
  • the nodularization can be carried out three times, in the holding furnace, in the pocket, in the cored wire or other method, then in the mold.
  • the cast iron casing in the raw state is subjected to a two-stage ferritization heat treatment shown in FIG.
  • the hood is heated in an oven for a period of 1 to 5 hours, preferably between 3 and 4 hours, at a temperature between 850 ° C and 990 ° C but which must be greater than or equal to the Ac3 temperature of alpha / gamma transformation.
  • the hood is cooled to a constant temperature in the oven for a period of 2 to 6 hours, preferably 2 to 3 hours, this temperature being between 700 ° C and 800 ° C.
  • the hood is then removed from the oven at a temperature of less than 300 ° C or greater than 600 ° C.
  • the method according to the invention can also be applied to fastening fittings for high-voltage insulators made of ceramic or composite material.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The process for manufacturing a casting for a high-voltage insulator fitting, by casting a ductile cast iron that contains proportionally between 3.2% and 3.7% carbon, between 1.9% and 2.5% silicon, between 0.1% and 0.5% manganese and between 0.04% and 0.08% phosphorus, comprises the following steps: the casting is cast with a greater than 85% degree of nodularization in a mould; and, after removal from the mould, the casting undergoes a two-step ferritization heat treatment whereby the casting is heated at a temperature of between 850°C and 990°C for a time of between 1 and 5 hours and then cooled to a temperature of between 700°C and 800°C for a time of between 2 and 6 hours.

Description

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de fixation en fonte ductile pour isolateur électrique haute tension  Method of manufacturing a ductile iron fastener for a high voltage electrical insulator
L'invention concerne le domaine des isolateurs électriques haute tension destinés à fixer, maintenir ou soutenir des conducteurs électriques nus ou isolés. The invention relates to the field of high voltage electrical insulators intended to fix, maintain or support bare or isolated electrical conductors.
De tels isolateurs électriques peuvent être réalisés en verre, en céramique ou en une matière synthétique composite à base de silicone, d'EPDM ou de tout autre matériau isolant tel que les résines (époxy, ....) ou les mélanges époxy-béton.  Such electrical insulators may be made of glass, ceramic or a composite synthetic material based on silicone, EPDM or any other insulating material such as resins (epoxy, ....) or epoxy-concrete mixtures .
Par exemple un isolateur du type capot/tige comprend deux pièces de fixation, plus particulièrement un capot et une tige scellés respectivement sur les deux faces opposées d'une coupelle en verre isolante électriquement. La coupelle est profilée pour définir des ailettes allongeant la ligne de fuite c'est-à-dire la distance entre les deux pôles de l'isolateur en verre. Le capot de ce genre d'isolateur est généralement réalisé par moulage d'une fonte ductile. La tige de l'isolateur est destinée à s'accrocher dans le capot d'un autre isolateur pour réaliser une chaîne d'isolateurs.  For example, a hood / rod-type insulator comprises two fixing pieces, more particularly a cover and a rod respectively sealed on the two opposite faces of an electrically insulating glass cup. The cup is profiled to define fins extending the creepage distance, that is to say the distance between the two poles of the glass insulator. The hood of this type of insulator is generally made by molding a ductile iron. The insulator rod is designed to hook into the hood of another insulator to make a chain of insulators.
Un isolateur céramique a généralement la forme d'une colonne tubulaire pleine ou creuse en céramique isolante électriquement. La colonne en céramique est profilée pour définir les caractéristiques d'isolement externe (ligne de fuite ...) et présente deux extrémités sur lesquelles sont fixées des ferrures de fixation également fabriquées en fonte ductile.  A ceramic insulator is generally in the form of a solid or hollow tubular column of electrically insulating ceramic. The ceramic column is profiled to define the external insulation characteristics (creepage line ...) and has two ends on which are fixed fasteners also made of ductile iron.
Un isolateur composite présente également un corps de forme allongée et profilée comme dans le cas précédent et comporte des ferrures de fixation d'extrémités pouvant être en fonte ou en acier.  A composite insulator also has a body of elongate shape and profiled as in the previous case and has end fixing fittings may be cast iron or steel.
Tous ces isolateurs en verre, en céramique ou en matière composite peuvent être utilisés dans des conditions climatiques sévères, par exemple à des températures de -40°C. Dans ces conditions de température extrême, les pièces de fixation en fonte ductile doivent elles-mêmes présenter des caractéristiques mécaniques élevées de résistance à la traction et de résilience (résistance à l'impact). En particulier, ces pièces de fixation en fonte ductile doivent pouvoir présenter à -40°C une résilience selon l'essai Charpy (suivant par exemple la norme EN 10045) dont la valeur individuelle est supérieure à 9 Joules et la valeur moyenne est supérieure à 12 Joules. All these insulators made of glass, ceramic or composite material can be used in severe climatic conditions, for example at temperatures of -40 ° C. Under these conditions of extreme temperature, the ductile iron fasteners must themselves have high mechanical properties of tensile strength and resilience (impact resistance). In particular, these ductile iron fasteners must be able to exhibit at -40 ° C a resilience according to the Charpy test (following for example the EN 10045 standard) whose individual value is greater than 9 Joules and the average value is greater than 12 Joules.
Jusqu'à présent, on utilise couramment différentes nuances de fonte ductile (c'est-à-dire des fontes GS à graphite sphéroïdal) pour fabriquer ces pièces de fixation. Ces différentes nuances de fonte ductile sont choisies en fonction des applications et des conditions de température d'utilisation. S'il existe des fontes ductiles présentant de bonnes valeurs à la résilience à - 40°C, on trouve en général que les caractéristiques mécaniques en traction de ces nuances de fonte sont plus basses que celles des fontes normales.  Heretofore, various grades of ductile cast iron (ie, spheroidal graphite GS cast iron) are commonly used to make these fasteners. These different grades of ductile iron are chosen according to the applications and the temperature conditions of use. If ductile iron with good resilience values exists at -40 ° C, it is generally found that the mechanical tensile properties of these castings are lower than those of normal cast irons.
Le but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de fixation pour isolateur électrique haute tension par moulage d'une fonte ductile de telle manière à obtenir une pièce qui combine à la fois de bonnes propriétés de résistance à la traction et de résilience pour des applications en basses températures jusqu'à - 0°C.  The object of the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing a fixing piece for a high voltage electrical insulator by molding a ductile iron in such a way as to obtain a part which combines at the same time good resistance properties with the traction and resilience for applications at low temperatures down to - 0 ° C.
L'idée à la base de l'invention est d'utiliser une fonte ductile dont la composition et le taux de nodularisation sont choisis pour conférer aux pièces moulées une bonne résistance à la traction dans un vaste spectre de température d'utilisation et ensuite d'appliquer un traitement thermique de ferritisation aux pièces démoulées pour renforcer la résilience à froid.  The idea underlying the invention is to use a ductile cast iron whose composition and nodularization rate are chosen to give the molded parts good tensile strength over a wide spectrum of temperature of use and then of apply ferritization heat treatment to demolded parts to reinforce cold resilience.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de fixation pour isolateur électrique haute tension par moulage d'une fonte ductile, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :  To this end, the subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing a fixing part for a high-voltage electrical insulator by molding a ductile iron, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
la fonte contient en proportion entre 3,2% et 3,7% de carbone, entre the iron contains in proportion between 3.2% and 3.7% of carbon, between
1 ,9% et 2,5% de silicium, entre 0,1% et 0,5% de manganèse et entre 0,04% et 0,08% de phosphore, la pièce moulée présentant un taux de nodularisation supérieur à 85%, et on applique à la pièce démoulée après solidification de la fonte un traitement thermique de ferritisation en deux paliers : - chauffage de la pièce démoulée à une température comprise entre 850°C et 990°C pendant une durée comprise entre 1 et 5 heures, 1, 9% and 2.5% of silicon, between 0.1% and 0.5% of manganese and between 0.04% and 0.08% of phosphorus, the molded part having a nodularization rate greater than 85% , and is applied to the demolded piece after solidification of the cast iron heat treatment ferritization in two stages: heating the demolded part at a temperature of between 850 ° C. and 990 ° C. for a period of between 1 and 5 hours,
- refroidissement de la pièce démoulée à une température comprise entre 700°C et 800°C pendant une durée comprise entre 2 et 6 heures.  - Cooling the demolded part at a temperature between 700 ° C and 800 ° C for a period of between 2 and 6 hours.
Un exemple de mise en œuvre du procédé selon l'invention est décrit ci-après en relation avec les dessins.  An example of implementation of the method according to the invention is described below in connection with the drawings.
La figure 1 illustre un isolateur de type capot/tige avec un capot moulé en fonte ductile.  Figure 1 illustrates a hood / rod type insulator with a cast ductile iron hood.
La figure 2 est un graphique illustrant le traitement thermique de ferritisation selon le procédé de l'invention.  FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the ferritization heat treatment according to the method of the invention.
Sur la figure 1 , l'isolateur haute tension du type capot/tige comprend une pièce d'isolation en verre 1 sur laquelle est scellé sur le dessus un capot 2 moulé en fonte et sur le dessous une tige 3.  In FIG. 1, the high voltage isolator of the hood / rod type comprises a piece of glass insulation 1 on which is sealed on the top a cast iron hood 2 and on the underside a rod 3.
Le capot 2 est obtenu par moulage d'une fonte ductile dont la composition chimique est contrôlée.  The cover 2 is obtained by molding a ductile iron whose chemical composition is controlled.
Les éléments chimiques normalement présents dans une fonte ductile influencent, en fonction de leur proportion dans la composition, les propriétés de résistance à la traction et de tenue aux chocs à basse température. Le silicium est l'élément qui a le plus d'importance à la fois sur la résistance à la traction et sur la température de transition d'un état ductile à l'état fragile. Le manganèse et le phosphore influent sur la ténacité à froid.  The chemical elements normally present in a ductile iron influence, depending on their proportion in the composition, the properties of tensile strength and resistance to low temperature shocks. Silicon is the most important element in both tensile strength and transition temperature from a brittle ductile state. Manganese and phosphorus affect cold tenacity.
Selon l'invention, la fonte ductile utilisée pour la fabrication d'un capot d'isolateur est ici une fonte dont la composition est telle que la pièce moulée contient en proportion les composés chimiques suivants : entre 3,2% et 3,7% de carbone ; entre 1 ,9% et 2,5 % de silicium ; entre 0,1% et 0,5 % de manganèse et entre 0,04 et 0,08% de phosphore. Cette fonte doit avoir dans le capot moulé un taux de nodularisation supérieur à 85% et de préférence supérieur à 90% et peut aussi contenir entre 0,1 et 1% de cuivre.  According to the invention, the ductile iron used for the manufacture of an insulator cover is here a cast iron whose composition is such that the molded part contains in proportion the following chemical compounds: between 3.2% and 3.7% of carbon ; between 1, 9% and 2.5% of silicon; between 0.1% and 0.5% of manganese and between 0.04 and 0.08% of phosphorus. This cast iron must have in the molded cap a nodularization rate greater than 85% and preferably greater than 90% and may also contain between 0.1 and 1% of copper.
Pour fabriquer le capot 2, on coule aux environs de 1400°C cette fonte ductile dans un moule à noyaux, en contrôlant la proportion des éléments chimiques indiqués ci-dessus et le taux de nodularisation pour obtenir après solidification de la fonte et démoulage un capot ou une ferrure de fixation à l'état brut. To manufacture the cover 2, this ductile iron is cast at around 1400 ° C. in a core mold, by controlling the proportion of chemical elements indicated above and the rate of nodularization to obtain after solidification of the cast iron and demolding a hood or an attachment fitting in the raw state.
A titre d'exemple, la nodularisation peut être effectuée en trois fois, dans le four de maintien, dans la poche, au fil fourré ou autre méthode, puis dans le moule.  For example, the nodularization can be carried out three times, in the holding furnace, in the pocket, in the cored wire or other method, then in the mold.
Après démoulage, le capot en fonte à l'état brut est soumis à un traitement thermique de ferritisation en deux paliers représentés sur la figure 2.  After demolding, the cast iron casing in the raw state is subjected to a two-stage ferritization heat treatment shown in FIG.
Dans le premier palier A, le capot est chauffé dans un four pendant une durée de 1 à 5 heures, de préférence entre 3 et 4 heures, à une température comprise entre 850°C et 990°C mais qui doit être supérieure ou égale à la température Ac3 de transformation alpha/gamma.  In the first bearing A, the hood is heated in an oven for a period of 1 to 5 hours, preferably between 3 and 4 hours, at a temperature between 850 ° C and 990 ° C but which must be greater than or equal to the Ac3 temperature of alpha / gamma transformation.
Ensuite dans le second palier de températures B, le capot est refroidi à une température constante dans le four pendant une durée de 2 à 6 heures, de préférence 2 à 3 heures, cette température étant comprise entre 700°C et 800°C.  Then in the second temperature stage B, the hood is cooled to a constant temperature in the oven for a period of 2 to 6 hours, preferably 2 to 3 hours, this temperature being between 700 ° C and 800 ° C.
Le capot est ensuite retiré du four à une température soit inférieure à 300°C soit supérieure à 600°C.  The hood is then removed from the oven at a temperature of less than 300 ° C or greater than 600 ° C.
A l'issue de ce traitement thermique, la structure du capot est purement ferritique. Des essais Charpy sur éprouvette, à -40°C, ont montré une résistance à l'impact de 9 Joules minimum et de 12 Joules en moyenne. La résistance à la traction a été mesurée à 430 Mpa.  At the end of this heat treatment, the hood structure is purely ferritic. Charpy tests on specimens, at -40 ° C, showed an impact resistance of 9 Joules minimum and 12 Joules on average. The tensile strength was measured at 430 MPa.
Le procédé selon l'invention peut s'appliquer aussi à des ferrures de fixation pour isolateur haute tension en céramique ou en matière composite.  The method according to the invention can also be applied to fastening fittings for high-voltage insulators made of ceramic or composite material.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1/ Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de fixation pour isolateur électrique haute tension par moulage d'une fonte ductile, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes : 1 / A method of manufacturing a fastener for a high-voltage electrical insulator by molding a ductile iron, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
la fonte contient en proportion entre 3,2% et 3,7% de carbone, entre 1 ,9% et 2,5%de silicium, entre 0,1 % et 0,5% de manganèse et entre 0,04% et 0,08% de phosphore, la pièce moulée présentant un taux de nodularisation supérieur à 85%, et on applique à la pièce démoulée après solidification de la fonte un traitement thermique de ferritisation en deux paliers :  the iron contains in proportion between 3.2% and 3.7% of carbon, between 1, 9% and 2.5% of silicon, between 0.1% and 0.5% of manganese and between 0.04% and 0.08% of phosphorus, the molded part having a nodularization rate greater than 85%, and is applied to the demolded part after solidification of the cast iron heat treatment of ferritization in two stages:
- chauffage de la pièce démoulée à une température comprise entre 850°C et 990°C pendant une durée comprise entre 1 et 5 heures,  heating the demolded part at a temperature of between 850 ° C. and 990 ° C. for a period of between 1 and 5 hours,
- refroidissement de la pièce démoulée à une température comprise entre 700°C et 800°C pendant une durée comprise entre 2 et 6 heures.  - Cooling the demolded part at a temperature between 700 ° C and 800 ° C for a period of between 2 and 6 hours.
21 Isolateur électrique haute tension du type capot/tige comprenant un capot en fonte obtenu par le procédé selon la revendication 1 .  21 High-voltage electrical isolator of the hood / rod type comprising a cast iron cover obtained by the process according to claim 1.
3/ Isolateur électrique haute tension en céramique comprenant une ferrures de fixation d'extrémité en fonte obtenue avec le procédé selon la revendication 1.  3 / ceramic high voltage electrical insulator comprising a cast iron end fixing fittings obtained with the method according to claim 1.
4/ Isolateur électrique haute tension en matériau composite comprenant une ferrure de fixation d'extrémité en fonte obtenue avec le procédé selon la revendication 1 .  4 / high voltage electrical insulator made of composite material comprising a cast iron end fixing fitting obtained with the method according to claim 1.
5/ Isolateur électrique haute tension en matériau synthétique comprenant une ferrure de fixation d'extrémité en fonte obtenue avec le procédé selon la revendication 1.  5 / high voltage electrical insulator made of synthetic material comprising a cast iron end fixing fitting obtained with the method according to claim 1.
PCT/FR2010/051824 2010-09-02 2010-09-02 Process for manufacturing a casting made of ductile cast iron for a high-voltage insulator fitting WO2012028789A1 (en)

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PCT/FR2010/051824 WO2012028789A1 (en) 2010-09-02 2010-09-02 Process for manufacturing a casting made of ductile cast iron for a high-voltage insulator fitting
CN2010800688825A CN103098148A (en) 2010-09-02 2010-09-02 Process for manufacturing a casting made of ductile cast iron for a high-voltage insulator fitting

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