WO2012022344A2 - Nettoyage d'un échangeur de chaleur raccordé à un groupe - Google Patents

Nettoyage d'un échangeur de chaleur raccordé à un groupe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012022344A2
WO2012022344A2 PCT/DE2011/075174 DE2011075174W WO2012022344A2 WO 2012022344 A2 WO2012022344 A2 WO 2012022344A2 DE 2011075174 W DE2011075174 W DE 2011075174W WO 2012022344 A2 WO2012022344 A2 WO 2012022344A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cleaning
heat exchanger
liquid
temperature
head
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2011/075174
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2012022344A3 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Allgaier
Manfred HÜLSCHER
Original Assignee
Qalovis Farmer Automatic Energy Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qalovis Farmer Automatic Energy Gmbh filed Critical Qalovis Farmer Automatic Energy Gmbh
Publication of WO2012022344A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012022344A2/fr
Publication of WO2012022344A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012022344A3/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits having a single U-bend
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F28D7/1669—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
    • F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
    • F28G1/166—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris from external surfaces of heat exchange conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G3/00—Rotary appliances
    • F28G3/16—Rotary appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
    • F28G3/166—Rotary appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris from external surfaces of heat exchange conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the cleaning of a heat exchanger connected to an aggregate.
  • heat exchangers which are designed as a tube bundle. They are for cleaning of the associated unit or lines, via which they are connected to the respective unit, dissolved and then cleaned as a disassembled assembly, each pipe can be cleaned both from the outside and from the inside, for example with a high-pressure cleaner from the water is splashed. By removing the heat exchanger, it is cooled down to the ambient air temperature before the start of cleaning.
  • the heat exchangers can be connected, for example, with units that are designed as heat-power machines and either give off waste heat that can be used, or which must be supplied to the operation of heat, as z.
  • units that are designed as heat-power machines and either give off waste heat that can be used, or which must be supplied to the operation of heat, as z.
  • the heat is transferred via a heat exchanger to the working medium of the Stirling, usually a clean gas.
  • a first heat transfer medium usually a gas
  • pipes of the heat exchanger can be polluted by dirt particles inside, by a stream of constantly new
  • this first heat transfer medium is also referred to as a pure substance, which is not critical in terms of resulting contamination.
  • This first heat transfer medium serves to transfer the heat supplied from the outside to the steering motor.
  • the heating of this heat exchanger is effected by a second heat transfer medium, usually a hot gas.
  • the Stirling unit drops.
  • the period of time until the first measurable performance losses is about 20 to 40 hours.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cleaning method for a Stirling engine, which has a high efficiency, protects the engine components, supports economic operation of the Stirling engine, and allows the restoration of the initial state in terms of cleanliness of the cleaned surfaces, and one for carrying out the method specify appropriate device.
  • This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
  • An apparatus suitable for carrying out the method is mentioned in claim 14.
  • the invention proposes to use a liquid as a cleaning agent, as is known from the cleaning of dismantled heat exchangers.
  • the present proposal distinguishes between two basic types of liquids: in a first embodiment of the present proposal so-called drippable liquids are used, which are colloquially referred to as liquids, and in a second embodiment of the present proposal so-called non-drippable liquids ver - applies, which are colloquially referred to as gases.
  • the liquid is not used as a propellant or as a liquid abrasive, but it is composed as a cleaning agent whose cleaning effect is based on the fact that it is adapted to the soils to be removed and at least partially dissolves or .
  • a cleaning agent whose cleaning effect is based on the fact that it is adapted to the soils to be removed and at least partially dissolves or .
  • water may be a suitable cleaning agent, because salts dissolve in water.
  • the z. B. resulting from the combustion of a viscous liquid, soot may form, possibly oily soot, which settles on the surfaces of the heat exchanger and which is hardly removable with water.
  • a non-polar liquid could be used as a cleaning agent, such.
  • a cleaning agent such as an oil, cold cleaners or the like.
  • the highest possible density of the cleaning agent used is advantageous because of the possibility of transmitting correspondingly larger pulses to the contaminants.
  • the density of water could therefore be increased by dissolved additives or instead of water, a solid detergent such as the sand mentioned could be used.
  • the use of a comparatively lighter liquid - As an oil instead of water in the removal of sooty soiling - be provided as a suitable cleaning fluid.
  • the following is based on the fact that the heat exchanger to be cleaned is connected to an aggregate designed as a Stirling engine.
  • the unit is cooled only to a cleaning temperature that is above the ambient air temperature, the operating interruption of the unit can be kept as short as possible, with the corresponding economic advantages.
  • the cleaning can be done at more than 200 ° C, z. B. at about 300 ° C.
  • the interruption can be kept particularly short if the Stirling engine is cooled from its operating temperature to the cleaning temperature not only by leaving it standing and slowly adjusting it to the temperature of the ambient air, but by actively cooling it.
  • the Stirling engine can also be operated as a heat pump, for example by being driven from the outside.
  • the entire cleaning cycle can be carried out automatically.
  • Sensory compliance with specified operating parameters of the unit or connected to the unit system part can be monitored so that the cleaning cycle is started automatically when a predetermined limit is exceeded or exceeded.
  • the pressure difference of the hot gas in the flow through the heat exchanger can be monitored automatically.
  • contaminations have deposited to a relevant extent in the channels through which the hot gas flows through the heat exchanger.
  • the cleaning process can be initiated when the electrical power of one of the unit driven Generator falls below a predetermined value or when a monitored temperature in the gas circuits of the Stirling engine exceeds or falls below a predetermined value.
  • the hot gas charge of the heat exchanger interrupted, cooled the Stirling engine to the desired cleaning temperature and the cleaning process can be started, for example by retraction of a cleaning lance in the middle space of the heat exchanger and by spraying the cleaning fluid.
  • This automatic monitoring ensures economically optimal operation of the connected unit, for example the Stirling engine. On the one hand, cleaning is done as seldom as necessary, with the associated cleaning costs and the associated shutdown of the unit. On the other hand, it is cleaned as often as necessary in order to ensure the highest possible level of efficiency of the unit.
  • a liquid as a cleaning agent, it is not necessary to disassemble the heat exchanger, namely to be able to free the cleaned parts of residues of the detergent in the disassembled state. Namely, the liquid can easily drain from narrow spaces. As a result, the cleaning process can be carried out in a very short time and the Stirling engine can be operated accordingly economically.
  • the liquid protects the material of the heat exchanger from abrasion, so that a long life of the heat exchanger is made possible and the proposed cleaning process is economically advantageous in this regard.
  • Practical experiments have shown that water can have an excellent cleaning effect, so that it can be used as a low-priced and the technical system gentle, chemically non-aggressive detergent. Depending on the type of contamination, water can literally dissolve or dissolve it, so that water can be called a solvent for these soiling.
  • a proposed cleaning device may be provided in a heat exchanger which consists of hairpin-shaped bent tubes which are arranged radially so that two concentric tube circles are formed, the heat exchanger thus has an overall annular cross-section.
  • Heat exchanger arrangements of this type are typical for Stirling engines. Deviating from a typical, circular and polygonal ring cross sections can be provided. Often, in addition to the multiplicity of tubes which already provide a comparatively large surface area for heat exchange, additional lamellae are provided which again considerably increase the effective surface area of the heat exchanger.
  • These fins are usually provided on the radially outer tube circle, since the outer tubes are typically spaced farther apart than the inner tubes. Between the slats very narrow gaps, the width of which can be significantly less than 1 mm and, for example, can be in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, and are accordingly added quickly by soiling and are difficult to clean.
  • This arrangement is proposed to be acted upon by a liquid which is at least partially able to dissolve the dirt located on the heat exchanger surface.
  • this liquid is passed through nozzles with pressure, so that droplets or jets are formed, which then meet either as direct rays on the heat exchanger surface and in particular easily pass through the narrow column, or indirectly bounced off a first heat exchanger surface, reach a second heat exchanger surface and there cleaning effect.
  • the cleaning effect can be influenced by the pressure and can thus be adapted to the design of the heat exchanger and to the type of contamination.
  • the type of fuel such as dried poultry feces, or wood pellets
  • different particles in the fuel gas, with which the Stirling engine is operated so that, accordingly, the dirt deposits on the heat exchanger surface have different properties.
  • the addition may also be tailored to the type of cleaning fluid used, for example, to exclude the formation of undesirable residues on the heat exchanger surface, for. As limescale when using highly calcareous water.
  • a particularly effective cleaning can take place, for example, by two different properties of the pollution, the two liquids are optimally matched.
  • a rinsing by means of the second rinsing liquid can take place after the use of a first cleaning liquid, wherein this rinsing liquid itself is set free of deposits and ensures that residues of the cleaning fluid that could cause deposits are removed from the heat exchanger surface.
  • one of the two cleaning liquids is a drippable liquid and the other is a non-drippable liquid.
  • the spraying of the annular heat exchanger can take place from outside to inside or from inside to outside.
  • the liquid for example by means of a cleaning lance, be introduced in a structurally particularly simple manner.
  • the spraying from the outside has the advantage that the liquid as the first, so with optimally high pressure, on the optionally arranged there slats meets and can develop an optimal cleaning effect in the narrow gaps between the slats.
  • a high-pressure cleaner in the form of a cleaning lance with a movable nozzle head can be advantageously used, as is generally known from barrel cleaning.
  • the nozzle head can advantageously be moved automatically by means of a motor retraction device, which is automatically controlled, into the working position in the interior of the heat exchanger tube basket or also be moved out again after the end of the cleaning process.
  • a motor retraction device which is automatically controlled
  • the cleaning lance has a spray head which is movably mounted on the cleaning lance in two different planes. Together with an alignment of the cleaning lance obliquely to the axis of the annular heat exchanger results in a veritable tumbling motion of the rays of the cleaning liquid. In addition, it can be provided to move the cleaning lance axially during the cleaning process.
  • a typical cleaning cycle would therefore z. B. include the following steps:
  • Rinsing with a second liquid either as a second cleaning liquid has a different composition than the first cleaning liquid, or serves as a rinsing liquid not primarily the removal of the contaminants, but the removal of residues of the cleaning liquid
  • a plurality of nozzles can be positioned around the heat exchanger from the outside and spray into the arrangement.
  • Important for the cleaning effect is the at least partial solubility of the dust in the cleaning agent, which is given in the case of ash / dust from biomass gasification through the use of water as cleaning fluid.
  • the water may also be added with suitable additives which increase the solubility of the dust.
  • suitable additives which increase the solubility of the dust.
  • the cleaning system is automated and integrated into the control of the entire system. This makes fully automatic cleaning cycles possible in regular plant operation (eg cleaning every 24 hours).
  • a heat exchanger 2 connects to heat the visible in the drawing area of the Stirling engine 1. It can be seen purely diagrammatically that the heat exchanger 2 is formed from a multiplicity of U-shaped bent tubes 3, whereby this multiplicity of tubes 3 is arranged in a circular, circular manner and thus results in an annular heat exchanger 2 with a free interior.
  • this has a nozzle head 8.
  • the nozzle head 8 is only indicated schematically and rotates in fact firstly about the longitudinal axis of the cleaning lance 6 and secondly in an angularly oriented direction of movement, so that it is ensured by this superimposition of the two different movements and by the oblique arrangement of the cleaning lance 6 in the heat exchanger 2 that all surfaces of the heat exchanger 2 are coated with the cleaning liquid.
  • the pressure of the cleaning liquid is adjusted so that the radially outer portions of the tubes 3 and possibly provided there lamellae are reliably cleaned by the cleaning fluid passes through the interstices of these tubes or fins.
  • the Stirling engine 1 is equipped with an automatic control which, for example, influences the supply of hot gas through the inlet pipe 4 and which also ensures, at regular intervals, that the heat exchanger 2 is lowered from its operating temperature to a cleaning temperature which is lower. It has proven to be advantageous that the reduction does not have to take place to room temperature and is therefore time-consuming, but rather that the cleaning of the heat exchanger 2 at Oberflä- Temperatures of the heat exchanger 2 can be done, which are 200 ° C and higher, for example, even 300 ° C. Accordingly short is the stoppage of the engine Stirling 1, so that firstly this can be operated with optimum efficiency and secondly, the rest of the system does not cool.
  • the cleaning cycles can be influenced by the mentioned system control and automatically adjusted so that on the one hand optimally long intervals between the individual cleaning operations are made possible and so that on the other hand, however, an optimally high efficiency of the Stirling engine can be maintained.
  • the control can be simplified in such a way that after pre-set time intervals, the automatic cleaning of the heat exchanger is performed so that constant cleaning intervals are present, which can be optimally integrated into other operational processes, so that the Stirling engine in each case for a shut down the overall operation optimal time and the heat exchanger can be cooled accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour nettoyer un échangeur de chaleur raccordé à un groupe, selon lequel l'échangeur de chaleur est tout d'abord refroidi pour passer de sa température de fonctionnement à une température de nettoyage, puis un liquide servant de produit de nettoyage est pulvérisé sur l'échangeur de chaleur à partir d'une tête de nettoyage. Selon l'invention, l'échangeur de chaleur présente une section transversale annulaire, entoure un espace libre central, est traversé par une substance extrêmement pure en circulation et reste raccordé au groupe pendant le nettoyage. Toujours selon l'invention, la tête de nettoyage est introduite dans l'espace libre de l'échangeur de chaleur pour effectuer l'opération de nettoyage, l'échangeur de chaleur est rincé radialement de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur, le liquide de nettoyage utilisé présentant au moins une solubilité partielle pour les impuretés à éliminer; la tête de nettoyage est retirée de l'espace libre de l'échangeur de chaleur après l'opération de nettoyage.
PCT/DE2011/075174 2010-08-05 2011-07-22 Nettoyage d'un échangeur de chaleur raccordé à un groupe WO2012022344A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010036877 2010-08-05
DE102010036877.6 2010-08-05
DE102010060761.4 2010-11-24
DE102010060761 2010-11-24
DE102010061072.0A DE102010061072B4 (de) 2010-08-05 2010-12-07 Reinigung eines mit einem Aggregat verbundenen Wärmetauschers
DE102010061072.0 2010-12-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012022344A2 true WO2012022344A2 (fr) 2012-02-23
WO2012022344A3 WO2012022344A3 (fr) 2012-07-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2011/075174 WO2012022344A2 (fr) 2010-08-05 2011-07-22 Nettoyage d'un échangeur de chaleur raccordé à un groupe

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102010061072B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012022344A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10100664B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2018-10-16 General Electric Company Ceramic centerbody and method of making

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015120801B3 (de) * 2015-12-01 2017-03-09 Frauscher Holding Gmbh Stirling-Motor mit einem Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Wärmetauschers in einem Stirling-Motor

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005004007A1 (de) 2005-01-27 2006-08-03 Isenmann, Hermann, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Reinigung des Brennraums einer Wärmekraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Stirlingmotors

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US987450A (en) * 1910-12-07 1911-03-21 Vulcan Soot Cleaner Company Of Pittsburg Boiler-flue cleaner.
US4827953A (en) * 1987-03-18 1989-05-09 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Flexible lance for steam generator secondary side sludge removable
US6672257B1 (en) * 1994-05-06 2004-01-06 Foster-Miller, Inc. Upper bundle steam generator cleaning system and method

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005004007A1 (de) 2005-01-27 2006-08-03 Isenmann, Hermann, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Reinigung des Brennraums einer Wärmekraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Stirlingmotors

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10100664B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2018-10-16 General Electric Company Ceramic centerbody and method of making

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012022344A3 (fr) 2012-07-05
DE102010061072A1 (de) 2012-02-09
DE102010061072B4 (de) 2015-01-15

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