WO2012022171A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour sélectionner et échantillonner des lignes pi, et procédé et dispositif pour reconstruire une image tomodensitométrique (tdm) - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour sélectionner et échantillonner des lignes pi, et procédé et dispositif pour reconstruire une image tomodensitométrique (tdm) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012022171A1
WO2012022171A1 PCT/CN2011/073654 CN2011073654W WO2012022171A1 WO 2012022171 A1 WO2012022171 A1 WO 2012022171A1 CN 2011073654 W CN2011073654 W CN 2011073654W WO 2012022171 A1 WO2012022171 A1 WO 2012022171A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
line
plane
projection
lines
selecting
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PCT/CN2011/073654
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邢宇翔
张丽
陈志强
张文宇
赵自然
肖永顺
李亮
黄志峰
Original Assignee
清华大学
同方威视技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012022171A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012022171A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
    • G06T11/003—Reconstruction from projections, e.g. tomography
    • G06T11/006—Inverse problem, transformation from projection-space into object-space, e.g. transform methods, back-projection, algebraic methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2211/00—Image generation
    • G06T2211/40—Computed tomography
    • G06T2211/416—Exact reconstruction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2211/00—Image generation
    • G06T2211/40—Computed tomography
    • G06T2211/421—Filtered back projection [FBP]

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to computed tomography techniques, and more particularly to a PI line selection and sampling method and apparatus, and a CT image reconstruction method and apparatus. Background technique
  • Computed tomography is a collection of data that reflects the physical or chemical properties of an object from a series of one-dimensional or two-dimensional images of a three-dimensional object. The calculation results in a cross section or a volume inside the object. The parameter value of any position, and thus the image of a fault or a body.
  • computed tomography is widely used in medical diagnosis and non-destructive testing.
  • cone-beam spiral CT has received more and more attention in recent years, and its reconstruction method is a research hotspot in the field of CT.
  • the approximate reconstruction method the exact reconstruction method. Accurate reconstruction is the goal that everyone pursues.
  • PI line reconstruction methods in the approximate reconstruction method, including Katsevich method and differential injection! ⁇ Filter (DBPF, Derivative backpro jection fi ltering algorithm) method.
  • DBPF Derivative backpro jection fi ltering algorithm
  • the selection and discretization of the squall line affects the image quality and reconstruction speed during its implementation, and can be arbitrary for the selection of the squall line to meet certain spatial resolution requirements.
  • the commonly used squall line selection methods such as: Zheng, ⁇ ., Kang, Y. and Dai, Y. in the proceedings of the 10th International Meeting on Ful ly Three-Dimensional Image Reconstruction in Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 45-48 (2009) " Implementation of Helical Cone-Beam Back-Projection Fi ltered Reconstruction Algorithm on GPU" and Han Zheng, Yanyan Yu, Yan Kang Jiren Liu, in Proc.
  • Figure la a schematic diagram of the CT scan track and conventional PI line selection and sampling is shown.
  • the X light source and the detector are located on both sides of the scanned object region, and the X light source and the detector rotate around the rotation axis (or rotate in the opposite direction of the rotation center of the scanned object) and move in the axial direction.
  • Figure lc shows the projection of the PI line on the XY plane, where the solid line represents the PI line, the solid point is the sample point on the PI line, and the dashed line represents the PI line of the other PI surface.
  • the PI line forms a fan shape, and the closer the position is to the light source, the denser the sampling point is, and the sampling is sparse away from the position of the light source.
  • the main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a PI line selection and sampling method and apparatus with globally consistent PI line sampling points and a CT image reconstruction method and apparatus.
  • the technical solution of the PI line selection and sampling method of the present invention includes the steps of: selecting PI lines that are parallel to each other and equally spaced on the XY plane on a spiral track; and selecting sampling points at equal distances on the PI line .
  • the angle of the light source at the starting point of the PI line represents the radius of rotation of the source, and r represents the radius of the projected area on the XY plane;
  • Select the next PI line so that the projection of the ⁇ - ⁇ plane is parallel to the projection of the previously selected PI line in the ⁇ - ⁇ plane, and the distance from the PI surface formed by these PI lines in the XY plane covers the reconstruction area. Projection in the XY plane and the distance between projections of adjacent PI lines is equal;
  • the technical solution of the CT image reconstruction method of the present invention includes the steps of: selecting a ⁇ ⁇ line that is parallel to each other and equally spaced on the ⁇ plane on the spiral trajectory; Sampling point;
  • the above reconstruction result is sampled into uniform pixels in a Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the step of selecting the ⁇ line projected on the ⁇ plane parallel to each other and equally spaced on the spiral track further comprises:
  • the step of reconstructing the sampling point according to the projection data related to the ⁇ line further comprises: performing differential weighted back projection on the projection data related to the ⁇ line;
  • a finite Hilbert filter is performed on the results of the weighted back projection.
  • the technical solution of the twist line selection and sampling device of the present invention includes:
  • ⁇ line selection unit for selecting projections on the spiral plane parallel to each other and equally spaced on the ⁇ plane Distributed PI line
  • a sampling point selecting unit is configured to select sampling points at equal distances on the PI line.
  • the PI line selection unit further includes:
  • the angle of the light source at the starting point of the line 1 indicates the angle of the light source at the end point of the Pi line, R indicates the radius of rotation of the source, and r indicates the radius of the projected area on the pupil plane;
  • the second unit is configured to select the next PI line so that the projection in the XY plane is parallel to and parallel to the projection of the previously selected PI line in the XY plane until the projection of the PI surface formed by the PI lines in the XY plane Projection of the reconstructed region in the XY plane and the distance between projections of adjacent PI lines is equal;
  • a third unit configured to: the first unit and the second unit select PI lines on the next PI surface until the PI surfaces cover the height of the object to be reconstructed, where +1 _ h is the first of the PI surfaces
  • +1 _ h is the first of the PI surfaces
  • the technical solution of the CT image reconstruction device of the present invention includes:
  • a ⁇ line selecting unit for selecting a ⁇ line that is parallel to each other and equally spaced on the ⁇ plane on the spiral track;
  • sampling point selecting unit configured to select sampling points equidistantly on the PI line
  • a reconstruction unit configured to reconstruct the sampling point according to projection data related to the PI line
  • a converting unit configured to sample the above reconstruction result into uniform pixels in a Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the squall line selection unit further comprises:
  • a third unit configured to: the first unit and the second unit select a PI line on a next PI surface Until these PI surfaces cover the height of the object to be reconstructed, where +1 _
  • the angle of the light source representing the starting point of the first PI line of the PI surface, and ⁇ ⁇ indicates the difference between the distances of the intersections of two adjacent PI surfaces and the ⁇ axis.
  • the reconstruction unit further includes:
  • a projection unit configured to perform differential weighted back projection on projection data related to the squall line
  • a filtering unit is configured to perform finite Hilbert filtering on the weighted back projection result.
  • the method and apparatus for selecting and sampling the squall line sampling point of the present invention and the CT image reconstruction method and apparatus have the following beneficial effects:
  • the projections on the ⁇ plane are evenly distributed, with the spacing passed and controlled.
  • the projection of the ⁇ line adjacent to the ⁇ surface in the direction of the rotation axis on the ⁇ plane is at an angle ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in the direction of the rotation axis, so that the sampling point spacing can be controlled by ' ⁇ ', which can be passed through the ' ⁇ ⁇ line
  • the sampling in the plane is uniform, and the global uniformity can be achieved by selecting the sampling in the direction of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ to be consistent with the plane. Therefore, a globally controllable squall line sampling point is achieved throughout the reconstruction area.
  • Figure la shows a schematic diagram of the CT scan track and conventional PI line selection and sampling
  • Figure lb illustrates a side view of Figure la
  • Figure lc illustrates a top view of the diagram la
  • Figure 2a is a schematic illustration of a PI line selected in accordance with the PI line selection and sampling method of the present invention
  • Figure 2b illustrates a side view of Figure 2a;
  • Figure 2c illustrates a top view of Figure 2a
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing a CT scan of a spiral cone beam
  • Figure 4 illustrates the PI line selected by the PI line selection and sampling method of the present invention cast in the XY plane. Schematic diagram of the angular relationship of the shadow;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the spatial relationship of a pixel on a P I line to a uniform grid in a Cartesian coordinate system according to the CT image reconstruction method of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the P I line selection and sampling method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart showing the CT image reconstruction method of the present invention. detailed description
  • the PI line selection and sampling method of the present invention includes the steps of:
  • the projections of the PI lines selected by the PI line selection and sampling method of the present invention on the XY plane are parallel and equally spaced, and the distances between adjacent sampling points selected on the PI line are also equal.
  • the projection of the sampling points on one PI surface on the XY plane is evenly distributed, and the spacing is passed and controlled.
  • the projection of the P I line of the adjacent PI surface in the direction of the rotation axis is angled on the XY plane
  • the distance in the direction of the rotation axis is , so that the sampling point spacing can be controlled by ⁇ " ⁇ ', which can be passed, and the in-plane sampling of the ⁇ line is uniform, and the sampling in the ⁇ direction can be selected to be in-plane.
  • globally controllable sigma sampling points are achieved throughout the reconstruction area.
  • ⁇ is the angle of the light source at the starting point of the PI line, is the angle of the light source at the end point of the PI line, R is the radius of rotation of the source, and r is the radius of the projected area projected on the XY plane;
  • the projections of the selected PI lines on the XY plane are parallel and equidistant (eg, the distance is), and the distance between adjacent sample points selected on one PI line is equal (eg, the distance is ⁇ , as shown in Fig. 2c.
  • the PI line of the adjacent PI surface in the direction of the rotation axis is projected at an angle ⁇ on the XY plane (the angle is
  • the sampling rates of these PI surfaces in the X and Y directions are globally controllable, and the distance between the PI surfaces can be arbitrarily controlled according to the inter-layer resolution requirements, thereby achieving a globally uniform controllable PI line throughout the reconstruction area. Sampling points, so using this method to select PI lines and sampling them does not affect the reconstruction of subsequent PI lines.
  • the present invention also discloses a CT image reconstruction method, as shown in FIG. 7, which includes the steps of:
  • the CT image reconstruction method of the present invention is based on the technical scheme of the PI line selection and sampling method of the present invention. That is, the projection data related to the PI line is selected, and then the selected sampling points are reconstructed based on the projection data, and finally the reconstruction result is sampled into uniform pixels in a Cartesian coordinate system.
  • a finite Hilbert filter is performed on the results of the weighted back projection.
  • the step selects PI lines that are projected parallel to each other and equally spaced on the XY plane on the spiral track:
  • +1 _ h is the source angle of the first PI line starting point of the PI surface, which is two The difference between the distance between the adjacent PI surface and the z-axis intersection. As shown in Fig.
  • the CT scan of the spiral cone beam, the X-ray source and the detector are located on both sides of the scanned object region, and the X-ray source and the detector rotate around the rotation axis (or rotate in the opposite direction of the rotation center of the scanned object), and along the axis
  • the reconstructed image area be a cylinder with a radius of one.
  • the reconstructed image area can also be any other shape, and is merely an example, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below by taking as an example thereof.
  • the termination point is located, 2) Each sampling point is selected on the PI line and the distance between adjacent sampling points in the XY plane projection is ⁇ .
  • PI line the projection of these PI lines in the XY plane covers a circular area of radius r, that is, covers the image reconstruction area. As shown in Figures 2a-c, all of these PI lines form a PI surface.
  • the termination point of the line is ⁇ , ⁇ : ⁇ + ⁇ — ⁇
  • the PI line is sequentially selected on the PI surface in the above manner until the PI lines on the PI surface are in the XY plane.
  • the projection covers a circular area of radius r. As shown in Figures 2a, 2b and 2c, where the solid line forms a PI surface and the dashed line represents another PI surface.
  • the CT image is reconstructed based on the projection data associated with the sample points on these PI lines.
  • This example uses differential back projection filtering under a flat panel detector.
  • S is the distance from the light source to the detector plane; the acquired projection data is g ⁇ v), where u and P v represent the index of the detector unit corresponding to the data collected; ⁇ represents the rotation angle of the light source.
  • ⁇ ' is the projection angle corresponding to the start point and the end point of each selected line. Indicates the coordinates of the sample points on the PI line, indicating the coordinates of the light source. ⁇ Yes
  • . s) indicates the coordinate vector of the starting point of the PI line.
  • s) indicates the coordinate vector of the end point of the PI line, / ⁇ , ⁇ ) indicates the result of the weighted back projection, and ( , ) indicates the reconstruction result of a certain point on the PI line.
  • [/ ⁇ , 3] is used to define an interval on the PI line, and it is required to cover the reconstructed area; g( M *, v*, ) 3 ⁇ 4
  • the integral value of the PI line that is, from the corresponding light source point along this line ?
  • the projection value of the ray emitted by the 1 line which can also be replaced by the ray projection value (g* M *' v *') emitted from the corresponding light source point along the PI line, and the two are equivalent.
  • ⁇ is the in-plane pixel discrete spacing required for uniform mesh reconstruction, which is the layer thickness required for uniform mesh reconstruction.
  • the pixel on the ⁇ line is sampled into a spatial relationship of a uniform grid in a Cartesian coordinate system.
  • Figure 5 shows a point on the ⁇ line.
  • the present invention also discloses a twist line selection and sampling device, including:
  • a ⁇ line selecting unit configured to select a ⁇ line that is parallel to each other and equally spaced on the ⁇ plane on the spiral track;
  • a sampling point selecting unit is configured to select sampling points at equal distances on the ⁇ line.
  • the line selection unit further includes:
  • the angle of the light source at the starting point of the line 1 indicates the angle of the light source at the end point of the Pi line, R indicates the radius of rotation of the source, and r indicates the radius of the projected area on the pupil plane;
  • the second unit is used to select the next PI line to make its projection in the XY plane and the previously selected PI line
  • the projections of the XY plane are parallel and at a distance, until the projection of the meandering surface formed by the meandering lines covers the reconstruction of the reconstructed region in the pupil plane and the distance between the projections of the adjacent tangent lines on the pupil plane is equal.
  • a third unit configured to: the first unit and the second unit select a squall line on the next ⁇ surface until the PI surfaces cover the height of the object to be reconstructed, where +1 _ h is the first of the PI surface
  • +1 _ h is the first of the PI surface
  • the angle of the light source at the starting point of a PI line, ⁇ ⁇ indicates the distance between two adjacent PI surfaces and the intersection of the ⁇ axis
  • the present invention also discloses a CT image reconstruction apparatus, including:
  • a ⁇ line selecting unit for selecting a ⁇ line that is parallel to each other and equally spaced on the ⁇ plane on the spiral track;
  • sampling point selecting unit configured to select sampling points equidistantly on the PI line
  • a reconstruction unit configured to reconstruct the sampling point according to projection data related to the PI line
  • a converting unit configured to sample the above reconstruction result into uniform pixels in a Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the squall line selection unit further comprises:
  • a third unit configured to: the first unit and the second unit select PI lines on a next PI surface until the PI surfaces cover an object height to be reconstructed, where +1 _ h represents the PI surface
  • +1 _ h represents the PI surface
  • the angle of the light source at the starting point of the first PI line indicating the difference between the distance between two adjacent PI surfaces and the intersection of the ⁇ axis.
  • the reconstruction unit further includes:
  • a projection unit configured to perform differential weighted anti-projection on projection data related to sampling points on each PI line;
  • a filtering unit is configured to perform finite Hilbert filtering on the weighted back projection result.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour sélectionner et échantillonner des lignes PI, et un procédé et un dispositif pour reconstruire une image tomodensitométrique (TDM), le procédé pour sélectionner et échantillonner des lignes PI comprend : la sélection des lignes PI dont les projections sont mutuellement parallèles et réparties de façon équidistante dans le plan X-Y dans un trajet en spirale, et la sélection de points d'échantillonnage de façon équidistante dans les lignes PI. Le procédé pour reconstruire l'image tomodensitométrique reconstruit les points d'échantillonnage sélectionnés en fonction des données de projection associées aux lignes PI sélectionnées en utilisant le procédé pour sélectionner et échantillonner des lignes PI, et échantillonne le résultat de reconstruction en pixels uniformes dans un système de coordonnées rectangulaire. De plus, le dispositif pour sélectionner et échantillonner des lignes PI et le dispositif pour reconstruire l'image tomodensitométrique correspondent respectivement au procédé pour sélectionner et échantillonner des lignes PI et au procédé pour reconstruire l'image tomodensitométrique. En utilisant la présente solution, des points d'échantillonnage avec une cohérence globale peuvent être acquis.
PCT/CN2011/073654 2010-08-18 2011-05-04 Procédé et dispositif pour sélectionner et échantillonner des lignes pi, et procédé et dispositif pour reconstruire une image tomodensitométrique (tdm) WO2012022171A1 (fr)

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CN201010257010.5 2010-08-18
CN201010257010.5A CN102376096B (zh) 2010-08-18 2010-08-18 Pi线选取和采样方法和装置以及ct图像重建方法和装置

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CN105701847A (zh) * 2016-01-14 2016-06-22 重庆大学 一种改进权系数矩阵的代数重建方法
CN108022229A (zh) * 2016-10-31 2018-05-11 北京东软医疗设备有限公司 一种图像处理方法及装置
CN109685867B (zh) * 2018-12-29 2023-05-30 上海联影医疗科技股份有限公司 一种ct系统、图像重建方法、装置、设备及介质

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CN106228584A (zh) * 2016-07-20 2016-12-14 中国人民解放军信息工程大学 锥束ct圆加直线轨迹反投影滤波重建方法
CN106228584B (zh) * 2016-07-20 2019-08-13 中国人民解放军信息工程大学 锥束ct圆加直线轨迹反投影滤波重建方法

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