WO2012007934A1 - Turbine éolienne à axe vertical double - Google Patents

Turbine éolienne à axe vertical double Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012007934A1
WO2012007934A1 PCT/IL2011/000538 IL2011000538W WO2012007934A1 WO 2012007934 A1 WO2012007934 A1 WO 2012007934A1 IL 2011000538 W IL2011000538 W IL 2011000538W WO 2012007934 A1 WO2012007934 A1 WO 2012007934A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind
subset
turbine
blades
rotors
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2011/000538
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mordechai Cohen
Original Assignee
Twinergy Energy Systems Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Twinergy Energy Systems Ltd filed Critical Twinergy Energy Systems Ltd
Publication of WO2012007934A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012007934A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vertical wind turbines.
  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine with improved efficiency.
  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine having inner and outer blades for directing wind flow towards each other.
  • Turbine blades are mounted on a tower in order to harness the wind energy above the ground surface. The wind spins the blades, which, in turn, cause an attached generator to rotate. The generator then converts that moving energy of the wind into electricity via electromagnetic induction.
  • the two main types of wind turbines are horizontal axis and vertical axis wind turbines, depending on whether the turbine blades rotate about the horizontal or vertical axis.
  • the main rotor shaft and electrical generator are situated at the top of a tower ⁇ f the horizontal axis wind turbine, and ⁇ mus be pointed into the wind.
  • Small turbines are pointed by a wind vane, whereas large turbines typically use a wind sensor and a servo motor.
  • Most horizontal axis turbines also have a gearbox, which converts the slow rotation of the blades into a quicker rotation that is more suitable to drive an electrical generator.
  • Vertical-axis wind turbines have the main rotor shaft oriented vertically. Some advantages of this arrangement are that the turbine does not need to be pointed into the wind to be effective. This is advantageous particularly at locations where the wind direction is highly variable. With a vertical axis wind turbine, the generator and gearbox can be placed near the ground, so the tower doesn't need to support it, and it is more accessible for maintenance.
  • FIG. 1 showing a schematic top view of a prior art vertical axis wind turbine (1)
  • one drawback associated with prior art vertical turbines is that the turbine is essentially divided into two sections when rotating (5) about a vertical axis (2) - a first section (3) on one side of the vertical axis (2), that rotates in the direction (3a) of the wind flow indicated by arrows (6), and a second section (4) on the other side of the vertical axis (2), that rotates in the opposite direction (4a) of (i.e. towards) the wind flow (6).
  • the half of the turbine that faces the wind is utilized to turn the turbine blades (7), whereas the other half provides resistance to the rotating turbine blades (7).
  • Patent documents that relate to the present invention include: WO
  • the present invention relates to a vertical axis wind turbine comprised of an array of outer blades and an array of inner blades.
  • the arrays of blades are rotatable concentrically about a central vertical axis, whereby the force created by a wind directed at the turbine causes the outer blades to rotate in a first direction and the inner blades to rotate in a second direction, opposite that of the first direction.
  • the wind turbine of the present invention is characterized in that the outer blades comprise at least a radially inward facing surface for directing wind toward the inner blades, and the inner blades comprise at least a radially outward facing surface for directing wind toward the outer blades.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic top view of a prior art vertical wind turbine
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of a first embodiment of the vertical wind turbine of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of a single outer blade and a single inner blade of the turbine of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the second section of the turbine of the present invention. 1 000538
  • FIG. 5a-d show four alternative designs of an outer blade of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of a portion of the first section of the turbine of the present invention
  • Figs. 7a-c show alternative embodiments of the inner blades, in addition to the configuration shown in Fig. 6;
  • FIG. 8 shows an enlarged view of a single outer blade and a single inner blade of the turbine of the present invention, similar to that of Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 9 shows an alternative aspect of a the turbine of the present invention, with a curved rotating panel for guiding wind flow;
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic side view of the turbine of the present invention.
  • Turbine (10) comprises a shaft (12) disposed along the vertical central axis of turbine (10).
  • An array of outer blades (20) and an array of inner blades (30) concentrically rotate about the central axis as a result of a force applied to blades (20), (30).
  • the force is provided by a fluid,
  • outer and inner blades (20), (30) are designed such that the force created by the wind (6) causes outer blades (20) to rotate in a first direction (22) and inner blades (30) to rotate in a second direction (32), wherein first and second directions (22), (32) are opposite that of each other.
  • Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of a single outer blade (20) and a single inner blade (30) of the turbine of the present invention.
  • Outer blade (20) comprises a lead face (24) and a trailing face (26).
  • inner blade (30a) comprises a lead face (34) and a trailing face (36).
  • the surface of lead face (24) of outer blade (20) comprises a radially inward facing portion (25a) having a curvature designed to direct (or, guide) the wind flow toward trailing face (36) of inner blade (30), as indicated by arrow (8) in Fig. 4, showing an enlarged view of second section (16) of the turbine.
  • the mechanical efficiency of the turbine of the present invention is improved by the design of the outer blades, whereby the outer blades assist in causing the rotation of the inner blades by directing the wind thereto.
  • FIG. 5a shows a multi-blade design (20b) comprising three semi-circular blades (20b'), (20b"), (20b'"), similar to the single semi-circular curvature shown in Figs. 2-4.
  • the three blades (20b i2Qh"), 2flh'") are joined to each other such that the convex portion of each blade forms a portion of the lead face (24a) of the multi-blade design.
  • the trailing face (26a) of the multi-blade design (20b) comprises the concave portion of each blade.
  • Trailing face (26a) is designed to "catch” the wind directed thereat, as described herein above.
  • wind flowing over lead face (24a) is directed towards the inner blades (not shown in the figure) by the radially inward facing portion, as indicated by arrow (8).
  • Fig. 5b shows an alternative design of outer blade (20b) comprising a lead face (24b) having an elongated radially inward facing portion (28b) and a radially outward facing portion (29a).
  • Trailing face (26b) is designed to "catch" the wind directed thereat, as described herein above.
  • wind flowing over lead face (24b) is directed towards the inner blades (not shown in the figure) by the radially inward facing portion, as indicated by arrow (8).
  • Fig. 5c shows an alternative design of outer blade (20c) comprising a lead face (24c) having an elongated radially inward facing portion (28c) and a radially outward facing portion (29b) having a spiral curvature.
  • Trailing face (26c) is designed to "catch" the wind directed thereat, as described herein above.
  • wind flowing over lead face (24c) is directed towards the inner blades (not shown in the figure) by the radially inward facing portion, as indicated by arrow (8).
  • Fig. 5d shows a further alternative design of outer blade (20d) comprising a semi-circular lead face (24d) similar to that of the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the radially inward facing portion (28d) is elongated. Trailing face (26d) is designed to "catch" the wind directed thereat, as described herein above. When wind is directed at the turbine from the opposite direction ⁇ wind flowing over lead face (24b) is directed towards the inner blades (not shown in the figure) by the radially inward facing portion, as indicated by arrow (8).
  • the curvature designs of the outer blades of the present invention are not limited to those shown in the figures herein, and additional alternative designs of outer blades are within the scope of the present invention.
  • An enlarged view of a portion of the first section (14) of the turbine of the present invention is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the surface of lead face (34) of inner blades (30) comprises a radially outward facing portion (35a) having a curvature designed to direct (or, guide) the wind flow toward trailing face (26) of outer blade (20n), as indicated by arrow (9).
  • the mechanical efficiency of the turbine of the present invention is further improved by the design of the inner blades, whereby the inner blades assist in causing the rotation of the outer blades by directing the wind thereto.
  • FIG. 7a shows three inner blades (30a), wherein each blade comprises at least a semicircular curvature.
  • Arrow (32) indicates the rotational direction of inner blades (30a)
  • arrow (9) indicates the wind flow directed towards inner blades (30a).
  • the radially outward facing portion (34a) of inner blade (30a) direct the wind flow (9) toward the trailing face of the outer blades (not shown), as described in detail herein above.
  • the trailing face (36a) is designed to "catch" the wind directed thereat from the outer blades, as described herein above.
  • Fig. 7b shows an inner blade (30b) having a radially outward facing curvature similar to that shown in Fig. 7a, and a radially inward facing portion (34b) having the curvature of a spiral.
  • Arrow (32) indicates the rotational direction of inner blades (30b)
  • arrow (9) indicates the wind flow directed towards inner blades (30b).
  • the radially outward facing portion (34b) of inner blade (30b) direct the wind flow (9) toward trailing face of outer blade (not shown), as described herein above.
  • the trailing face (36b) is designed to "catch" the wind directed thereat from the outer blades, as described herein above.
  • Fig. 7c shows three inner blades (30c), each having a curvature similar to that shown in Fig. 7a, wherein blades (30c) are joined to each other, forming an essentially continuous radially inward facing inner blade.
  • Arrow (32) indicates the rotational direction of inner blades (30c)
  • arrow (9a) indicates the wind flow directed towards inner blades (30c) from the surroundings.
  • the radially outward facing portion (34c) of inner blade (30c) direct the wind flow (9) toward trailing face of outer blade (not shown), as described herein above.
  • the trailing face (36c) is designed to "catch" the wind directed thereat from the outer blades, as described herein above.
  • Fig. 8 shows an enlarged view of a single outer blade (20) and a single inner blade (30) of the turbine of the present invention, similar to that shown in Fig. 3.
  • the angle (a) of inward facing portion (25a) of outer blade (20) is preferably between 0° and 90° with respect to the central axis of the turbine, and more preferably between 20° and 60°, as shown.
  • the angle (o) of outward facing portion (34) of inner blade (30) is preferably between 0° and 90° with respect to the central axis of the turbine, and more preferably between 20° and 60°, as shown.
  • turbine (10') comprises a curved rotating panel (40) made of a rigid or resilient material, which is positioned along a portion of the circumference circumscribing inner blades (30).
  • Panel (40) serves as an additional or alternative guide for directing the wind toward outer blades (20), as indicated by arrow (9).
  • Panel (40) is shown in the figure circumscribing the entire first section (14) of turbine (10'), however it is understood that panel (40) may alternatively circumscribe only a portion of first section (14).
  • Panel (40) is preferably pivotably joined to and freely rotatable about the central shaft (12) situated along the central vertical axis. Panel (40) is fixedly joined to a wind vane (not shown in the figures) such that panel (40) remains positioned within the first section of the turbine.
  • the turbine of the present invention comprises significantly fewer outer blades than inner blades, depending on the length and curvature of the blades.
  • the turbine of the present invention preferably comprises 2-10, or more preferably 3-8 outer blades, and preferably 36-40 inner blades.
  • the outer blades situated at the second section of the turbine at least partially obstruct the wind directed towards the turbine from contacting the inner blades.
  • the presence of few outer blades reduces the obstruction of the wind.
  • the presence of many inner blades, comprising a suitable design as described herein above, provides a continuous obstruction of the wind at the first section of the turbine for directing the wind towards the outer blades.
  • h& present invention comprising ⁇ he panel, as described herein above, few inner blades may be present, such that inner and outer blades are similar in number, for instance, wherein each of the inner and outer array of blades comprises between 3-8 blades.
  • the panel provides the continuous obstruction of the wind at the first section of the turbine for directing the wind towards the outer blades.
  • FIG. 10 A side view of turbine (10) is shown schematically in Fig. 10.
  • Inner blades (30) are affixed to central shaft (12) situated along the central vertical axis of turbine (10), and outer blades (20) are rotatable about shaft (12) via bearings (11).
  • Shaft (12) is rotatingly mounted on frame (18) via bearings (15).
  • inner blades (30) are enclosed by a cover (44a) at the upper longitudinal end (38a) and a cover (44b) at the lower longitudinal end (38b), thereby preventing the wind from escaping turbine (10) from the two ends (38a), (38b), while simultaneously directing the wind outward toward the outer blades (20).
  • Alternator (50) is positioned beneath turbine blades (20), (30), wherein the rotor (52) is affixed to the lower end of the frame (21) of outer turbine blades (20), and the stator (54) is affixed to shaft (13).
  • the rotor (52) is affixed to the lower end of the frame (21) of outer turbine blades (20)
  • stator (54) is affixed to shaft (13).
  • alternator (50) is coupled with one or more gears (not shown) for providing a mechanical advantage and to change the rotational speeds of rotor (52) and stator (54).
  • a counterweight (not shown) is additionally provided for balancing the additional weight provided by the gears.
  • the first turbine was the dual turbine of the present invention.
  • the second turbine comprised only the outer turbine blades of the present invention.
  • the third turbine comprised only the inner turbine blades of the present invention.
  • the outer diameter of the turbines comprising the outer turbine blades was measured to be 20cm wide, and the length of the outer turbine blades was measured to be 40cm.
  • the outer diameter of the inner turbine blades was measured to be 10.5cm, and the length of the inner turbine blades was measured to be 38cm.
  • the second and third turbines were placed on their side (i.e. lengthwise) in a wind tunnel and measurements where taken at four different wind speeds.
  • the revolutions per minute were first measured for the second and third turbines, and the moment force per revolution was measured in grams by attaching a weight to the respective turbine blades. The relationship between the rotational speed and the moment per rotation were determined.
  • Table 1 below shows the measurements taken and the relationship between the measurements of the second and third turbine.
  • the inner turbine blades rotate at a relatively high rpm, and low force. When the speed increases, the ratio between rpm and force increases.
  • the outer turbine blades rotate at a relatively low rpm, and a large force. When the speed increases, the ratio decreases.
  • the first turbine was placed in a wind tunnel and measurements were taken at the same four different wind speeds as for the second and third turbines.
  • Table 2 below shows the measurements taken for the inner and outer turbine blades of the first turbine.

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à une turbine éolienne à axe vertical dotée de deux ensembles de pales, à savoir des pales intérieures et des pales extérieures, qui dirige le courant d'air les unes vers les autres. Le dispositif utilise un pourcentage plus important du courant d'air par rapport aux turbines éoliennes à axe vertical de l'art antérieur. Les réseaux tournent de façon concentrique autour d'un axe vertical central. Selon certains modes de réalisation, les pales extérieures comprennent au moins une surface faisant face radialement vers l'intérieur permettant de diriger le vent vers les pales intérieures, et les pales intérieures comprennent au moins une surface faisant face radialement vers l'extérieur permettant de diriger le vent vers les pales extérieures.
PCT/IL2011/000538 2010-07-13 2011-07-07 Turbine éolienne à axe vertical double WO2012007934A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US36395710P 2010-07-13 2010-07-13
US61/363,957 2010-07-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012007934A1 true WO2012007934A1 (fr) 2012-01-19

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PCT/IL2011/000538 WO2012007934A1 (fr) 2010-07-13 2011-07-07 Turbine éolienne à axe vertical double

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2012007934A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013116376A2 (fr) * 2012-01-30 2013-08-08 Bersiek Shamel A Éolienne « wind hawk »
WO2015101761A1 (fr) * 2013-12-30 2015-07-09 Global Vtech Limited Turbine à rotors extérieur et intérieur tournant en sens inverse
US10094358B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2018-10-09 Winnova Energy LLC Wind turbine blade with double airfoil profile
WO2019199155A1 (fr) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 Marlasca Garcia Francisco Système éolien monté dans une tour
GR1010490B (el) * 2022-08-10 2023-06-16 Ενελλας Ενεργειακη Ανωνυμη Εταιρεια, Γεννητρια καθετου αξονα
GB2613846A (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-21 World Wide Wind Tech As A wind turbine and a wind power plant

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1511948A (en) * 1975-02-14 1978-05-24 Kling A Wind driven power plants
US4236866A (en) * 1976-12-13 1980-12-02 Valentin Zapata Martinez System for the obtainment and the regulation of energy starting from air, sea and river currents
FR2541732A1 (fr) * 1982-09-27 1984-08-31 Rignault Jean Moteur anemodynamique compound avec ses applications a la propulsion
US5380149A (en) * 1990-05-31 1995-01-10 Valsamidis; Michael Wind turbine cross wind machine
FR2811720A1 (fr) * 2000-07-13 2002-01-18 Jacques Coste Turbine aerienne (air) ou immergee (eau) en deux rotors a rotation inversee
WO2007129049A1 (fr) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-15 David Mcsherry turbine permettant d'extraire de l'Énergie À partir d'un fluide en circulation
US7397144B1 (en) * 2005-06-15 2008-07-08 Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. Bearing-less floating wind turbine
US7633177B2 (en) * 2005-04-14 2009-12-15 Natural Forces, Llc Reduced friction wind turbine apparatus and method
US20100092290A1 (en) * 2008-10-11 2010-04-15 Michael Scott Aaron Vertical axis variable geometry wind energy collection system

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1511948A (en) * 1975-02-14 1978-05-24 Kling A Wind driven power plants
US4236866A (en) * 1976-12-13 1980-12-02 Valentin Zapata Martinez System for the obtainment and the regulation of energy starting from air, sea and river currents
FR2541732A1 (fr) * 1982-09-27 1984-08-31 Rignault Jean Moteur anemodynamique compound avec ses applications a la propulsion
US5380149A (en) * 1990-05-31 1995-01-10 Valsamidis; Michael Wind turbine cross wind machine
FR2811720A1 (fr) * 2000-07-13 2002-01-18 Jacques Coste Turbine aerienne (air) ou immergee (eau) en deux rotors a rotation inversee
US7633177B2 (en) * 2005-04-14 2009-12-15 Natural Forces, Llc Reduced friction wind turbine apparatus and method
US7397144B1 (en) * 2005-06-15 2008-07-08 Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. Bearing-less floating wind turbine
WO2007129049A1 (fr) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-15 David Mcsherry turbine permettant d'extraire de l'Énergie À partir d'un fluide en circulation
US20100092290A1 (en) * 2008-10-11 2010-04-15 Michael Scott Aaron Vertical axis variable geometry wind energy collection system

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013116376A2 (fr) * 2012-01-30 2013-08-08 Bersiek Shamel A Éolienne « wind hawk »
WO2013116376A3 (fr) * 2012-01-30 2013-09-19 Bersiek Shamel A Éolienne « wind hawk »
WO2015101761A1 (fr) * 2013-12-30 2015-07-09 Global Vtech Limited Turbine à rotors extérieur et intérieur tournant en sens inverse
US10094358B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2018-10-09 Winnova Energy LLC Wind turbine blade with double airfoil profile
WO2019199155A1 (fr) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 Marlasca Garcia Francisco Système éolien monté dans une tour
GB2613846A (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-21 World Wide Wind Tech As A wind turbine and a wind power plant
GR1010490B (el) * 2022-08-10 2023-06-16 Ενελλας Ενεργειακη Ανωνυμη Εταιρεια, Γεννητρια καθετου αξονα

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