WO2007129049A1 - turbine permettant d'extraire de l'Énergie À partir d'un fluide en circulation - Google Patents

turbine permettant d'extraire de l'Énergie À partir d'un fluide en circulation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007129049A1
WO2007129049A1 PCT/GB2007/001615 GB2007001615W WO2007129049A1 WO 2007129049 A1 WO2007129049 A1 WO 2007129049A1 GB 2007001615 W GB2007001615 W GB 2007001615W WO 2007129049 A1 WO2007129049 A1 WO 2007129049A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
turbine
blades
fluid flow
rotation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2007/001615
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Mcsherry
Original Assignee
David Mcsherry
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by David Mcsherry filed Critical David Mcsherry
Priority to GB0820105A priority Critical patent/GB2450668A/en
Publication of WO2007129049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007129049A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/266—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy to compress air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F05B2240/932—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface which is a catamaran-like structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/20—Geometry three-dimensional
    • F05B2250/25—Geometry three-dimensional helical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/30—Arrangement of components
    • F05B2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a turbine for extracting energy from a flowing fluid.
  • the invention is particularly concerned with a turbine used in electricity generation from the flow of air or water.
  • the present invention is particularly, but not exclusively, concerned with the extraction of energy from a fluid whose direction of flow alters, for example in tidal water flow environments.
  • turbines whose axis of rotation is transverse to the direction of fluid flow and which rotate in the same direction regardless of the direction of flow.
  • tidal flow environments There are various possible environments in which changing flow direction may be encountered and in which the present invention may be applicable, in addition to. tidal flow environments.
  • a vertical axis wind turbine may rotate in the same direction regardless of the direction of the wind.
  • wave energy may for example be used to cause a column of air to oscillate and the flow of air through the turbine used.
  • the invention may also be applicable in environments in which the flow of fluid is always in the same direction, for example in the context of a conventional type of hydro-electric power installation.
  • the present invention provides a turbine for extracting energy from a flowing fluid for conversion into electricity
  • the turbine comprises a first rotor which is mounted for rotation about a rotor axis extending transversely of the direction of fluid flow, the first rotor having a plurality of blades whose longitudinal directions extend transversely of the direction of fluid flow, the arrangement being such that the first rotor rotates about the rotor axis in a first sense in response to fluid flow a given direction; and wherein the turbine further comprises a second rotor which is mounted for rotation about said rotor axis, the second rotor having a plurality of blades whose longitudinal directions extend transversely of the direction of fluid flow, the blades of the second rotor being displaced radially outwardly from the blades of the first rotor so that the blades of the first rotor rotate within the space defined by the blades of the second rotor, and the arrangement being such that the second rotor rotates about the rot
  • the arrangement is such that the first rotor rotates about the rotor axis in said first sense irrespective of the direction of fluid flow; and such that the second «rotor rotates about the rotor axis in said second sense, irrespective of the direction of fluid flow.
  • the blades could be parallel to the rotor axis, be chevrons shaped, X-blades or be helical - which is the preferred embodiment - or even be angled or curved so that the swept area.is for example conical, spherical or ellipsoidal.
  • the blades are of aerofoil or hydrofoil cross section.
  • One advantage of this aspect of the invention concerns the reduction of torque that is produced by the turbine when rotating.
  • the two torques operate to cancel the resultant torque which would normally require a supporting structure to provide a resisting force.
  • the requirements for a supporting structure are less troublesome. Indeed, in the context of a water turbine there may be no need for a supporting structure on e.g. the sea bed and the turbine could even be buoyant and merely tethered to the sea bed.
  • the counter-rotation of the two rotors is used to increase the efficiency of electricity generation.
  • a conventional generator which has a rotor and a stator
  • one turbine rotor could be connected to rotate the generator rotor in one direction
  • the other turbine rotor could be connected to rotate the generator stator in the opposite direction.
  • the relative speed of the generator rotor with respect to the stator is increased without the need for gearing
  • a unit in accordance with this preferred feature of the invention may be smaller and produce the same power as a bigger unit. Nevertheless, the invention may be used in conjunction with gearing if desired, and indeed the two turbine rotors may be connected to a generator rotor so that both cooperate in rotating it in the same direction or even opposing directions with respect to a stationary stator.
  • a turbine for extracting energy from a flowing fluid for conversion into electricity comprising a first turbine rotor which is arranged for rotation about a rotor axis in a first direction of rotation in response to fluid flow in a first direction of fluid flow, and a second turbine rotor which is arranged for rotation about said rotor axis in the direction of rotation opposite to said first direction of rotation in response to fluid flow in said first direction of fluid flow, wherein said first turbine rotor is connected to a rotor of an electrical generator to rotate the generator rotor in one direction, and the second turbine rotor is connected to a stator of the electrical generator, so as to rotate the generator stator in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the generator rotor.
  • the present invention provides a turbine for extracting energy from a flowing fluid for conversion into electricity
  • the turbine comprises a first rotor which is mounted for rotation about a rotor axis extending transversely of the direction of fluid flow, the first rotor having a plurality of blades which are of aerofoil cross section and whose longitudinal directions extend transversely of the direction of fluid flow, the arrangement being such that the first rotor rotates about the rotor axis in a first sense irrespective of the direction of fluid flow; and wherein the turbine further comprises a second rotor which is mounted for rotation about said rotor axis, the second rotor having a plurality of blades which are of aerofoil cross section and whose longitudinal directions extend transversely of the direction of fluid flow, the blades of the second rotor being displaced radially outwardly from the blades of the first rotor so that the blades of the first rotor rotate within the space defined by the blades of the second rot
  • An embodiment of an energy turbine in accordance with aspects of the invention is of use in a marine environment and comprises of a pair of coaxial, counter rotating, vertical axis, straight or helical turbine rotors which are arranged one within the other.
  • the rotors are incorporated in -a buoyant moored structure.
  • Each rotor directly drives one side of a counter-rotating generator housed in a lower turbine hub, together with the power control systems.
  • the device can be moored with the top of device at a 10m. or more below the water surface in arrays to form a tidal stream power farm.
  • the counter rotation improves energy capture compared to a single straight bladed rotor turbine.
  • Counter rotation also provides balanced moments about the axis of rotation removing the need for a rigid support to the sea bed and allows the device to be moored.
  • the counter rotation increases the relative speed of the generators parts without the need for a gearbox, thus reducing complexity and cost.
  • the device is fully submerged in operation and presents no risk to shipping. It also avoids surface effects such as storms and negative visual impact.
  • a preferred embodiment uses helical blades to reduce vibration dramatically, thus increasing fatigue life and reducing Construction costs.
  • Helical blades will also smooth torque curves and ease starting of the device.
  • the blades are set so the helix angles oppose each other when rotating, reducing the impact of eddies as the blades "scissor" past each other.
  • the device is held in place by cables from standard anchors, which are not only low cost, but may be removed easily at the end of the projects life cycle, further reducing environmental impact. There is no need to trim the device for tidal rise. The result is a robust, simple, reliable, submerged, efficient and cost effect device.
  • rotor radial separation rotor solidity
  • blade thickness helix angle
  • the speed of rotation was recorded over five minute runs, which were repeated for three different current speeds - 0.7 m/s, 0.9 m/s, and 1.2 m/s.
  • the results showed that in the twin rotor assembly, the outer rotor rotated at 90% of its single rotor speed, and the inner rotot at 80% of its single rotor speed.
  • helical turbines are known to offer advantages in terms of smooth torque curve, reduced vibration and fatigue, it has been believed that this may be at the cost of a loss of efficiency.
  • a twin rotor design in accordance with the invention the advantage of using helical blades can be retained, whilst also increasing efficiency.
  • helical turbines with opposing angles it is believed that sudden fatigue loads are reduced, prolonging the life of the turbine.
  • a turbine in accordance with the invention can work completely below the water surface, at deeper water sites of up to more than 40 m.
  • the helical blades in the preferred embodiment smooth the torque produced, and the counter-rotating components "scissor" past each other at an angle reducing fatigue loading compared to parallel blades.
  • the invention provides a turbine for generating electrical power from a flowing fluid, comprising at least two rotors mounted coaxially, and arranged such that the axis of the rotors is generally perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid,; and at least one generator for converting rotation of the rotors into electrical power.
  • the rotors may be located between a pair of outer hubs and which are coaxial to the rotors.
  • the rotors may have a plurality of blades which may be generally straight or generally helical in form
  • the innermost rotor may be either a momentum turbine such as a Savanors turbine, or may be a reaction turbine such as a Darius turbine or a Stampa helical turbine.
  • any rotor other than the innermost rotor is a reaction turbine.
  • the rotors are arranged to counter-rotate such that when viewed axially at least one rotor will rotate in a clockwise direction and at least one rotor will rotate in a counter-clockwise direction.
  • the arrangement is such that there is substantial torque balancing of the total torque produced by the or each rotor rotating in a clockwise direction, and the total torque produced by the or each rotor rotating in a counterclockwise direction.
  • each rotor rotates in a given direction regardless of the direction of flow of the fluid.
  • the torque generated by the counter-rotating rotors is are used to drive a generator directly or through a coupling arrangement.
  • the turbine and the generator may be coupled by hydraulic means.
  • Counter-rotating rotors may be used to drive opposing sides of a generator such that the stator and rotor rotate in opposite directions.
  • the generators may be rim generators or hub generators.
  • the generator may be of a single or dual flux.
  • the generator or generators may be mounted between the rotors or within the inner rotor or outside the rotors, and may be coupled directly or indirectly.
  • the generators may be of axial or radial type.
  • the generator may be flooded with ambient water. In other embodiments, the generator is sealed.
  • a flow augmenting duct may be provided. This may accommodate bidirectional fluid flows. In one arrangement there is a converging then diverging inner surface when proceeding from an upstream opening to a downstream discharge. This can create a venturi effect across the turbine.
  • the flow augmenting duct may rotate about the axis of the rotors or be adapted through articulated parts to accommodate flows from differing directions. Apparatus in accordance with aspects of the invention may be fitted with a screen to prevent ingress of material or wildlife.
  • the invention provides a hydro turbine for generating power from a tidal current or a river current comprising: at least two rotors mounted coaxially, and arranged such that the axis of the rotors is generally perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid; at least one generator; a pair of outer hubs located outside the rotors and coaxial with them; buoyancy means integral to the outer hubs such that the turbine is partially or fully buoyant; and means for mooring the turbine so as to be submerged.
  • the turbine may be moored by the use of fixings to the sea bed, by one or more locating devices, by cables or by a simple structure.
  • the buoyancy may be varied to provide differing levels of buoyancy when submerged compared to when on the surface.
  • the method of mounting allows the whole device to be removed for servicing on the surface or taken to. shore.
  • embodiments of aspects of the invention provide a turbine for generating electrical power from water comprising at least two concentric coaxial rotors having a plurality of blades, two external hubs and a least one generator means.
  • the device may be mounted freely in the flowing fluid or contained within a flow augmenting duct, to reduce the Betz effect.
  • the apparatus is preferably for use in water currents particularly marine currents or tidal streams but may be powered by wind, wave driven air or by river current.
  • the device may be deployed on at least one pile, tethered to the sea bed and kept buoyant by integral buoyancy tanks, inserted in a structure such as a dam of tidal fence fixed under a float device such as a barge.
  • the device could be tethered by poles and guy lines. For siting in wind the device is well suited to mounting in urban environments mounted on the ground or from buildings. In one possible arrangement, there may,be a male part docking to female on sea bed for power take off.
  • generators there may be a number of generators, either top or bottom or both, or even multiple generators top or bottom or both
  • buoyancy tanks which" allow volume change, for example like a diver's life jacket. There could therefore be a buoyancy tank filled with air bags which compress as the device is lowered and so the buoyancy changes, or there could be a controlled alternative as used in submersible vessels.
  • the turbine is comprised of at least two concentric rotors.
  • the inner rotor in comprised of a plurality of blades arranged to rotate about the axis of rotation and may be held in position by one or more hubs an annular member or other arrangement.
  • the outer rotor is comprised of a plurality of blades connected for rotation about the same axis of rotation, and completely containing the inner rotor.
  • the outer rotor blades are connected to a pair of hubs (or an annular member, or for example by blade extensions) in a manner which allows them to rotate about the axis.
  • Each rotor may be connected directly to one side of at least one generator which is contained either in a housing adjacent to a hub or between the hubs or external to the hubs. Alternatively, the rotors may be coupled to a generator indirectly.
  • the device is driven by a fluid flow which may flow from any direction generally perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
  • the blades are set in the rotors so that the outer blade will always rotate in the same direction regards of the direction of flow and the inner rotor will always rotate in the opposite direction.
  • a torque tube may connect the hubs of a rotor to each other if there is more than one and to the generator as desired.
  • a torque tube for the outer rotor may run inside the torque tube for the inner rotor if desired.
  • the whole turbine is then mounted to rotate freely on a shaft which may be set into floats or into some form of rigid frame.
  • the rotor assembly is mounted between two buoyant tanks and moored to the sea bed via suitable cables or chains connected to fixings which may in turn be connected directly to the buoyancy tanks or to a load bearing structure.
  • the shaft may be mounted in a bearing in a load bearing plate.
  • Mooring lines may be arranged in such a way as to hold the device perpendicular to the incident flow direction at all times.
  • the load bearing plates, shaft, bearings and buoyancy tanks are sited at both ends of the turbine.
  • the turbine may be oriented vertically, horizontally or at any angle such that the axis of rotation is generally perpendicular to the flow.
  • the invention extends to the turbine, * to an installation using the turbine, to a rotor assembly for use in the turbine, and to methods of using the turbine.
  • Figure 1 shows a side view of a twin rotor turbine in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a top view of part of the turbine
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view from one end of the turbine
  • Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view of a stator and rotor of a generator
  • Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view showing a number of turbines in accordance with the invention tethered beneath the surface of the sea;
  • Figure 6 is a top diagrammatic view showing a turbine in accordance with the invention with a flow enhancing duct
  • FIG. 7 is a front diagrammatic view showing the turbine of Figure 5.
  • Figures 1, 2 and 3 show a turbine 1 which comprises a central shaft 2. Mounted for rotation about the axis A of shaft 2 is an inner rotor 3 having a pair of end pieces 4 providing three spokes 5 on which are mounted three helical blades 6 of aerofoil cross section.
  • the turbine further comprises an outer rotor 7 mounted for rotation about the axis A, with end pieces 8 providing three spokes 9 on which are mounted three helical blades 10 of aerofoil cross section.
  • the rotors are arranged to rotate in opposite directions, but always rotate in the same direction irrespective of the direction of fluid flow.
  • At the lower end is a lower bearing housing 11.
  • At the upper end is an upper bearing housing 12.
  • the upper part is provided with a buoyancy housing 17.
  • the lower part is provided with a buoyancy housing 18.
  • Both ends of the turbine are provided with four mooring rings, 19 and 20.
  • a mooring line 21 is shown attached to a mooring ring 20.
  • FIG 4 shows in diagrammatic form the generator 15, which includes a stator 22 and a rotor 23.
  • the stator 22 is connected by means (not shown) so as to be rotated in the direction of arrow B in accordance with rotation of the inner rotor of the turbine.
  • the generator rotor 23 is connected by means (not shown) so as to be rotated in the direction of arrow C in accordance with rotation of the outer rotor of the turbine.
  • FIG. 5 shows how a series of turbines 1 in accordance with the invention can be used to extract energy from tidal flow, being moored to the sea bed, to a river bed and so forth.
  • Each turbine is as described with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • Each turbine is buoyant and is moored submerged, with its rotational axis A arranged vertically.
  • Each turbine by two main lines 24 secured to sea bed mounting points 25.
  • Each main line 24 is joined to four mooring lines 21, two connected to rings 19 at the upper end of the turbine, and to rings 20 at the lower end of the turbine.
  • Three turbines are shown in a line across the direction of flow, which in this case is as shown by the arrow D, in either sense. However, any number of turbines may be used, in any configuration across or in the direction of flow.
  • FIG 6 shows an alternative embodiment in which a turbine 1 , which is substantially as described with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3, is provided with a duct 26 in which the turbine is mounted with its axis of rotation extending vertically.
  • the duct is provided with four mounting posts 27 extending from the duct housing and secured to the sea bed, and in this case the turbine requires no buoyancy.
  • the duct has oppositely disposed inwardly converging portions 28 and 29, and depending on the direction of flow, in either sense as indicated by arrow E, one acts as the inlet and one as the outlet. A venturi effect may thus be provided.
  • a turbine with two helical, cross flow rotors one mounted within the other on the same axis but rotating in opposite directions.
  • Each rotor is connected to one side of a direct drive generator.
  • the device is buoyant and will be held in place by tension mooring cables from vertical load anchors. Similar anchors are widely used in the maritime and oil industries.
  • the generator modules will be towed to shore by standard tugs for cleaning and maintenance.
  • the turbine does not require any trimming controls or motors nor does it require a gear box. The resulting simplicity of operation is expected to increase availability.
  • the counter-rotation increases energy capture from incident fluid as swirl induced by one rotor is incident on the second rotor. It also increases the effective speed of rotation increasing the power output.
  • the moments from each of the rotors are substantially equal and opposite, reducing loads on any supporting structure.
  • the device is designed to be submerged up to 10m below the surface in normal applications which provides the following benefits:
  • the impact of surface effects such as waves and storms will be greatly reduced to effectively eliminate the risk of storm damage. It also allows the device to operate in all weathers. The device will have a higher availability and increased productivity as a result.
  • the turbine will be positioned sufficiently far below the surface that it will allow recreational water uses and coastal shipping to pass above. This feature reduces the risk of collision damage. However exclusion zones for very large vessels, fishing and diving would need to be established and maintained.
  • the Helical blades serve to smooth the torque curve through the rotation.
  • the helical shape reduces fatigue loads on the blades as the point of load inflection is distributed about the rotation and they further reduce fatigue loads as they sweep past each other.
  • the blades are separated by a large gap which reduces the risk of injury to marine creatures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une turbine (1) permettant d'extraire de l'énergie à partir d'un fluide en circulation pour la convertir en électricité, celle-ci comprenant un premier rotor (3) avec des pales (6) s'étendant longitudinalement qui est monté pour tourner autour d'un axe de rotor (A) s'étendant transversalement par rapport à la direction d'écoulement du fluide, et un second rotor (7) qui est également monté pour tourner autour de l'axe de rotor. Les pales (10) du second rotor sont déplacées radialement vers l'extérieur à partir des pales du premier rotor de sorte que les pales du premier rotor tournent dans l'espace défini par les pales du second rotor. Le second rotor tourne autour de l'axe de rotor dans le sens opposé à celui du premier rotor. La disposition peut être telle que le sens de rotation reste le même quelle que soit la direction d'écoulement du fluide. L'un des rotors peut faire tourner le stator d'un générateur électrique, tandis que l'autre fait tourner le rotor du générateur. La turbine est de préférence flottante et sert dans des configurations ancrées, immergées.
PCT/GB2007/001615 2006-05-02 2007-05-02 turbine permettant d'extraire de l'Énergie À partir d'un fluide en circulation WO2007129049A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0820105A GB2450668A (en) 2006-05-02 2007-05-02 Turbine for extracting energy from a flowing fluid

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0608603.7 2006-05-02
GBGB0608603.7A GB0608603D0 (en) 2006-05-02 2006-05-02 Turbine for extracting energy from a flowing fluid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007129049A1 true WO2007129049A1 (fr) 2007-11-15

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PCT/GB2007/001615 WO2007129049A1 (fr) 2006-05-02 2007-05-02 turbine permettant d'extraire de l'Énergie À partir d'un fluide en circulation

Country Status (2)

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GB (2) GB0608603D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007129049A1 (fr)

Cited By (16)

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WO2008145991A3 (fr) * 2007-05-30 2009-04-23 Isis Innovation Turbine hydraulique
WO2010029015A2 (fr) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-18 Wolfgang Althaus Centrale hydraulique
ITBO20080658A1 (it) * 2008-10-27 2010-04-28 Linz Electric S R L Turbina eolica ad asse verticale
WO2010109233A2 (fr) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Daniel Manners Ensemble de turbine à axe horizontal et appareil de production d'énergie hydraulique
EP2267299A1 (fr) * 2008-03-04 2010-12-29 Nanjing Yuneng Instrument Co., Ltd Systeme de generation eolien
CN102242688A (zh) * 2011-06-26 2011-11-16 乔飞飞 大功率风力发电机及实施大功率风力发电机的风力发电塔
WO2012007934A1 (fr) * 2010-07-13 2012-01-19 Twinergy Energy Systems Ltd Turbine éolienne à axe vertical double
WO2012007630A1 (fr) * 2010-07-16 2012-01-19 Dobgir, S.L. Éolienne à axe vertical
EP2414223A1 (fr) * 2009-03-30 2012-02-08 Ocean Renewable Power Company, LLC Turbine à haut rendement et procédé de génération d'énergie
US8308424B2 (en) * 2006-11-28 2012-11-13 Korea Ocean Research And Development Institute Power generation system using helical turbine
WO2013038215A1 (fr) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-21 Macher Gépészeti És Elektronikai Kft. Centrale éolienne à double turbine placée sur un axe vertical
WO2013107724A2 (fr) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-25 E&H Building Contractors Ltd Système d'énergie marémotrice
WO2014106765A1 (fr) 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Perrenoud Yvan Turbine a aubes helicoidales
WO2015089526A1 (fr) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 Pupuleku Altin Dispositifs mécaniques rotatifs à axes d'écoulement transversal avec zone balayée dynamique augmentée
WO2020104799A1 (fr) * 2018-11-20 2020-05-28 William Lithgow Turbine à flux libre et système
GB2613846A (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-21 World Wide Wind Tech As A wind turbine and a wind power plant

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GB2520781B (en) * 2014-03-31 2016-06-01 Saunders Alan Improvements to hydro-turbines

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WO2001092720A1 (fr) * 2000-06-02 2001-12-06 Hammerfest Ström As Systeme d'exploitation de l'energie maremotrice et de l'energie fluviale
FR2811720A1 (fr) * 2000-07-13 2002-01-18 Jacques Coste Turbine aerienne (air) ou immergee (eau) en deux rotors a rotation inversee
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US3920354A (en) * 1974-08-30 1975-11-18 Bert J Decker Horizontal hinged-flap windmill
US4382190A (en) * 1981-01-19 1983-05-03 Jacobson J Merritt Wind motor having horizontally counter-rotating wind force collectors
US20010000197A1 (en) * 1994-01-11 2001-04-12 Northeastern University Method for maintaining flotation using a helical turbine assembly
DE19516504A1 (de) * 1995-05-05 1996-11-07 Reetz Hans Juergen Windkraftmaschine mit Drehachse im wesentlichen rechtwinkelig zur Windrichtung, insbesondere Vertikalrotoren-Windgeneratorsystem
WO2001092720A1 (fr) * 2000-06-02 2001-12-06 Hammerfest Ström As Systeme d'exploitation de l'energie maremotrice et de l'energie fluviale
FR2811720A1 (fr) * 2000-07-13 2002-01-18 Jacques Coste Turbine aerienne (air) ou immergee (eau) en deux rotors a rotation inversee
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Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8308424B2 (en) * 2006-11-28 2012-11-13 Korea Ocean Research And Development Institute Power generation system using helical turbine
US8870540B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2014-10-28 Isis Innovation Limited Water turbine
WO2008145991A3 (fr) * 2007-05-30 2009-04-23 Isis Innovation Turbine hydraulique
EP2267299A4 (fr) * 2008-03-04 2013-08-21 Nanjing Yuneng Instr Co Ltd Systeme de generation eolien
US8698340B2 (en) 2008-03-04 2014-04-15 Nanjing Yuneng Instrument Co., Ltd. Wind power system
EP2267299A1 (fr) * 2008-03-04 2010-12-29 Nanjing Yuneng Instrument Co., Ltd Systeme de generation eolien
WO2010029015A3 (fr) * 2008-09-09 2010-10-28 Wolfgang Althaus Centrale hydraulique
WO2010029015A2 (fr) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-18 Wolfgang Althaus Centrale hydraulique
ITBO20080658A1 (it) * 2008-10-27 2010-04-28 Linz Electric S R L Turbina eolica ad asse verticale
WO2010109233A3 (fr) * 2009-03-24 2011-04-14 Daniel Manners Ensemble de turbine à axe horizontal et appareil de production d'énergie hydraulique
WO2010109233A2 (fr) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Daniel Manners Ensemble de turbine à axe horizontal et appareil de production d'énergie hydraulique
EP2414223A1 (fr) * 2009-03-30 2012-02-08 Ocean Renewable Power Company, LLC Turbine à haut rendement et procédé de génération d'énergie
EP2414223A4 (fr) * 2009-03-30 2014-04-02 Ocean Renewable Power Company Llc Turbine à haut rendement et procédé de génération d'énergie
WO2012007934A1 (fr) * 2010-07-13 2012-01-19 Twinergy Energy Systems Ltd Turbine éolienne à axe vertical double
WO2012007630A1 (fr) * 2010-07-16 2012-01-19 Dobgir, S.L. Éolienne à axe vertical
US9121388B2 (en) 2010-07-16 2015-09-01 Dobgir, S.L. Vertical-axis wind turbine
CN102242688A (zh) * 2011-06-26 2011-11-16 乔飞飞 大功率风力发电机及实施大功率风力发电机的风力发电塔
WO2013038215A1 (fr) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-21 Macher Gépészeti És Elektronikai Kft. Centrale éolienne à double turbine placée sur un axe vertical
WO2013107724A3 (fr) * 2012-01-17 2014-03-27 E&H Building Contractors Ltd Système d'énergie marémotrice
WO2013107724A2 (fr) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-25 E&H Building Contractors Ltd Système d'énergie marémotrice
WO2014106765A1 (fr) 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Perrenoud Yvan Turbine a aubes helicoidales
US20150337794A1 (en) * 2013-01-04 2015-11-26 Yvan Perrenoud Turbine with helical blades
WO2015089526A1 (fr) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 Pupuleku Altin Dispositifs mécaniques rotatifs à axes d'écoulement transversal avec zone balayée dynamique augmentée
CN105899802A (zh) * 2013-12-18 2016-08-24 阿尔廷·普普勒库 具有动态增加的扫掠面积的横流轴旋转机械设备
JP2017501342A (ja) * 2013-12-18 2017-01-12 ププルク, アルティンPUPULEKU, Altin 動的増加掃引エリアを有するクロスフロー軸回転型機械装置
WO2020104799A1 (fr) * 2018-11-20 2020-05-28 William Lithgow Turbine à flux libre et système
GB2613846A (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-21 World Wide Wind Tech As A wind turbine and a wind power plant

Also Published As

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GB2450668A (en) 2008-12-31
GB0608603D0 (en) 2006-06-14
GB0820105D0 (en) 2008-12-10

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