WO2012002482A1 - 二酸化炭素吸収効果の評価方法および評価装置 - Google Patents
二酸化炭素吸収効果の評価方法および評価装置 Download PDFInfo
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- the present invention relates to a carbon dioxide absorption effect evaluation method and evaluation apparatus.
- Patent Document 1 describes a technique for evaluating the carbon dioxide absorption effect of such forests.
- the evaluation is made by directly grasping the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the forest.
- the amount of carbon absorption is calculated by multiplying the annual growth amount of the forest by the carbon content, and this is converted into carbon dioxide to grasp the annual amount of carbon dioxide absorption.
- the growth amount is calculated by acquiring the biomass accumulation amount obtained by multiplying the trunk tree volume by the biomass coefficient in two periods before and after a predetermined measurement period, and converting this into the year.
- trunk volume For the above-mentioned stand trunk volume, select a standard area of a certain area for each forest phase, measure the tree height in this standard area, calculate the breast height diameter from this tree height, and calculate the tree height from these tree height and breast height diameter per unit area. It is calculated by calculating the trunk volume of trees and multiplying by the forest area measured based on aerial photographs.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of the above, Extracting the plant region 4 from the evaluation target region 2 according to the distribution of pixels in the observed image data 3 obtained by observing the evaluation target region 2 from the sky in a predetermined wavelength range in which the plant group 1 can be distinguished; Based on the numerical terrain model 5 and the numerical surface layer model 6 coordinated to the observed image data 3, the difference ⁇ h between the ground surface elevation ht and the surface surface elevation hs of the plant region 4 is set, and the plant region 4 is set to a predetermined area.
- the plant group 1 that is less than the height corresponding to the forest set in advance is assigned a carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area set by the causal relationship with the carbon dioxide absorption amount, and has the plant group 1
- Plants as evaluation materials generally have a tendency to form a group such that weeds suitable for the local environment are clustered.
- the plant group 1 such as the vegetation described above is obtained from the evaluation target region 2 by using observation image data 3 such as a satellite photograph or an aerial photograph obtained by observing the evaluation target region 2 from above in a predetermined wavelength range that the plant group 1 can discriminate. It can be extracted efficiently.
- the predetermined wavelength range in which the plant group 1 can be identified is, for example, a visible wavelength range in which the plant can be identified by green, which is a general plant color, or a near-infrared wavelength in which the plant can be identified by reflecting the plant very strongly
- a single wavelength region such as a region, it can also be configured as a plurality of wavelength regions.
- a normalized vegetation index a typical vegetation index composed of a near infrared region and a visible region (red)
- NDVI Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
- the plant group 1 extracted in this way may contain forests, but the plant group 1 other than forests useful for analysis in an area where there are few forests is specified using the height. can do.
- the digital terrain model 5 (DTM: Digital Terrain Model) and the numerical surface model 6 (DSM: Digital Surface Model) coordinated with the observation image data 3 described above are prepared, and the elevation between the two models is prepared.
- DTM Digital Terrain Model
- DSM Digital Surface Model
- the height of the plant group 1 can be obtained efficiently. If this height is narrowed down to less than that of the forest, the plant group 1 other than the forest can be specified.
- the plant group 1 is improved by performing each division unit 7 obtained by dividing the plant region 4 obtained by extracting the plurality of plant groups 1 from the evaluation target region 2 by a predetermined area unit. Can be identified.
- a division unit 7 is set which is divided using the area indicated by the single pixel of the observation image data 3 described above as a unit.
- the height of each plant group 1 can be determined.
- the area of the division unit 7 is preferably suitable for determining whether or not the plant group 1 is a forest according to its height.
- the area is smaller than the ground area corresponding to the single pixel described above, although it is possible to increase the size, it is desirable to consider the resolution, accuracy, etc. in the numerical terrain model 5 described above.
- the forests excluded from the evaluation material as described above generally have an excellent carbon dioxide absorption effect as compared to the plant group 1 other than the forest, and thus the plant group 1 other than the forest is identified and used as the evaluation material. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in evaluation accuracy due to erroneous inclusion of forests.
- the plant group 1 other than the forest can be identified, it can be evaluated according to the causal relationship with the carbon dioxide absorption. In the evaluation, it is sufficient to determine the carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area by the plant group 1 other than the forest by conducting a field survey in advance and multiply this by the area. Thus, evaluation according to the area can be performed.
- the carbon dioxide absorption amount e can be configured as an appropriate index in addition to the annual expected absorption amount of carbon dioxide as in the conventional example.
- the area of the plant group 1 for performing the above evaluation can be specified by forming the division unit 7 described above in a predetermined area unit. Further, the unit area for determining the carbon dioxide absorption amount e described above by field survey or the like is preferably suitable for the determination of the carbon dioxide absorption amount e, but is the same as the unit area of the division unit 7 described above. Then, the processing load can be reduced. In this case, further, if the area occupied by the single pixel of the observed image data 3 is the same, the processing load can be further reduced.
- the observation image data 3, the numerical terrain model 5, and the numerical surface layer model 6 described above are coordinated with each other, and the information included in these data is managed and processed on the basis of the plane position to obtain a geographic information system (GIS). : Geographic Information System), the carbon dioxide absorption effect can be evaluated based on this GIS data.
- GIS geographic information system
- a plurality of height range sections 8 are set within a range of heights less than that of the forest, and carbon dioxide is added to each height range section 8. If the carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area set individually according to the causal relationship with the absorption amount is allocated, the height of the plant closely related to the carbon dioxide absorption amount can be utilized to further improve the evaluation accuracy. .
- the height range category 8 can be determined in consideration of improvement in evaluation accuracy.
- the height range category 8 corresponding to a so-called land use category such as grassland or farmland is set, as described above, GIS.
- the land use classification is set as the attribute data in the case of building, it can be confirmed and corrected by using it as it is. For example, when a field confirmation survey is performed in order to set a land use classification as attribute data, the accuracy of evaluation can be greatly increased.
- the case where the carbon dioxide absorption amount e is assigned to the plant group 1 is shown, but instead, a conversion rate for converting the carbon dioxide absorption amount to the forest is assigned, and the conversion rate is within the evaluation target region 2. It is also possible to evaluate the carbon dioxide absorption effect by the area equivalent to the forest obtained by multiplying the area of the division unit 7 having the plant group 1 in this case. In this case, the evaluation result is compared with the carbon dioxide absorption capacity of the forest standard This makes it easier to achieve consistency with forest standards such as the aforementioned protocol.
- the carbon dioxide absorption effect evaluation method is After setting the evaluation target area 2, With reference to the observation image data storage unit 10 that stores the observation image data 3 obtained by observing the ground surface from the sky in a predetermined wavelength range that can be identified by the plant group 1 and coordinated to the map data 9, According to the pixel distribution in the observed image data 3 for the corresponding region, the plant region 4 is extracted from the evaluation target region 2 by specifying the position on the map, Next, refer to the numerical terrain model storage unit 11 that stores the numerical terrain model 5 coordinated in the map data 9 and the numerical surface layer model storage unit 12 that stores the numerical surface model 6 coordinated in the map data 9.
- the difference ⁇ h between the ground surface elevation ht and the surface elevation hs of the plant region 4 is calculated as the height of the plant group 1 for each division unit 7 obtained by dividing the plant region 4 by a predetermined area unit, Thereafter, a predetermined amount of carbon dioxide absorption e per unit area set by a causal relationship with the amount of carbon dioxide absorption is assigned to the plant group 1 that is less than the height corresponding to the predetermined forest, and the plant group 1 Can be configured by evaluating the carbon dioxide absorption effect in the non-forest region in the evaluation target region 2 by multiplying the area in the plant group 1 region of the division unit 7 having the above. In this case, the selection of the evaluation target region 2 Data processing with a higher degree of freedom is constructed.
- a map data storage unit 13 for storing the map data 9
- An observation image data storage unit 10 for storing observation image data 3 obtained by observing the ground surface from the sky in a predetermined wavelength range that is coordinated to the map data 9 and that the plant group 1 can distinguish
- a numerical terrain model storage unit 11 for storing the numerical terrain model 5 of the evaluation target region 2 coordinated in the map data 9
- a numerical surface layer model storage unit 12 for storing the numerical surface layer model 6 of the evaluation target region 2 coordinated in the map data 9
- the predetermined amount of carbon dioxide absorption e per predetermined unit area of the plant group 1 set by the causal relationship with the carbon dioxide absorption amount is within a range that does not reach a preset height corresponding to a forest.
- Plant / carbon dioxide absorption table 14 stored separately for each height range category 8, Target area setting means 15 for setting the evaluation target area 2, With reference to the map data storage unit 13 and the observation image data storage unit 10, the plant region 4 is extracted from the evaluation target region 2 according to the distribution of pixels in the observation image data 3 for the corresponding region on the map of the evaluation target region 2 Plant region extraction means 16 for With reference to the numerical terrain model storage unit 11 and the numerical surface layer model storage unit 12, the difference ⁇ h between the ground surface elevation ht and the surface elevation hs of the plant region 4 is divided into a predetermined area unit in the plant region 4 Plant height calculating means 17 for calculating the height of the plant group 1 for each divided unit 7, With reference to the plant / carbon dioxide absorption amount table 14, the plant group 1 in the height range section 8 is added to the carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area assigned according to the height range section 8 of the plant group 1.
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows this invention, (a) is a flowchart which shows the flow of the whole process, (b) is a content explanatory view of a plant and carbon dioxide absorption amount table. It is a block diagram which shows this invention.
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure explaining the structure of the geographic information system which concerns on this invention, (a) is a figure which shows the image which superimposed several information on the basis of the geographical position, (b) is a numerical terrain model and a numerical surface layer model It is a figure explaining the difference in the adoption standard of an altitude, etc.
- This embodiment shows the case where the annual carbon dioxide absorption amount by the plant excluding the forest in the evaluation target region 2 is directly obtained, and is shown in FIG. 1A by a computer configured by the block diagram shown in FIG. Processing is performed along the flow.
- GIS data 20 is stored in the computer prior to processing, and this GIS data 20 is based on the plane position specified on the two-dimensional map data 9, and the observed image data 3, It is configured by managing the numerical terrain model 5 and the numerical surface layer model 6.
- FIG. 3A shows an overlay image of these data in GIS20.
- the observation image data 3 is obtained by processing and analyzing an observation image obtained by a multispectral sensor mounted on an artificial satellite using a normalized vegetation index (NDVI).
- NDVI normalized vegetation index
- the resolution of the observation image can be determined in consideration of the size of the evaluation target region 2, the data processing efficiency, and the desired size of the plant group 1.
- the plant group 1 is grasped by using various vegetation indices other than the normalized vegetation index, using a hyperspectral sensor instead of the multispectral sensor, and using an aerial photographed image instead of a satellite photographed image. It is enough.
- the above-mentioned numerical terrain model 5 is generated by stereo matching of the above-mentioned satellite photographed images, and in particular, it is made easy to obtain the ground surface of the area where the plant is established with the photographing time around winter.
- the numerical surface layer model 6 is also generated by stereo matching of satellite images, and in this case, it is set to a photographing time around summer when the plant is growing. Further, these models 5 and 6 are generated with high accuracy by complementing them using a plurality of shooting periods.
- these models 5 and 6 are specifically composed of, for example, an irregular triangular network (TIN: Triangulated Irregular Network), a voxel (voxel, volume cell) model, and the like, and are not a stereo matching of the above-described satellite-captured images. It may be generated by using a distance measuring device or using an aircraft or the like as a photographing platform.
- TIN Triangulated Irregular Network
- the observation image data 3 described above is aligned with the map data 9 described above using geometric annotations such as visually aligning the coastline using annotation data such as the latitude and longitude of the imaging region. Further, the numerical terrain model 5 and the numerical surface layer model 6 are photographed so that the ground reference point whose position coordinates are specified are included in the photographed image, and geometric correction is performed, for example, by using the ground reference point. To be combined.
- the GIS data 20 described above includes map data 9 in the map data storage unit 13, observation image data 3 in the observation image data storage unit 10, and numerical terrain model 5 in the numerical terrain model storage unit 11.
- the numerical surface layer model 6 is configured to be stored in the numerical surface layer model storage unit 12.
- FIG. 4A shows how the evaluation target area 2 is set.
- the evaluation target area 2 is specified by operating the mouse (not shown) and designating the area on the map data 9.
- the area designation is specified from the mouse or the like via the input unit 21.
- the target area setting means 15 received in this way sets the area according to the area designation.
- the reference numeral 22 denotes an administrative division included in the map data 9 described above, and the setting of the evaluation target region 2 is performed by specifying an administrative division, for example, in addition to the above-described region specification using a mouse or the like. You may do it.
- the evaluation target area 2 includes a forest 23, a shrub land 24, a grassland 25, a farmland 26, a village 27, a road 28, and a bare land 29 as shown in FIG. Configured.
- the plant area 4 in which the plant group 1 exists is extracted (step S2).
- the extraction of the plant region 4 is performed on the map data 9 aligned with the observation image data 3 with respect to the position coordinates of the region corresponding to all the pixels indicating the presence of the plant group 1 in the observation image data 3 described above. It is done in search.
- the plant region extracting means 16 for extracting the plant region 4 reads the observation image data 3 of the region corresponding to the evaluation target region 2 whose plane coordinates are specified by the map data 9 as described above, and distributes it on the observation image data 3.
- a region occupied by all the pixels to be occupied is identified as a plant region 4 using the plane coordinates of the pixel.
- 4C shows the observation image data 3 related to the evaluation target region 2 in which the pixel region indicating the presence of the plant group 1 is hatched. As shown in this figure, regions corresponding to the forest 23, shrubland 24, grassland 25, and farmland 26 are all extracted as plant regions 4.
- the height of the plant group 1 in the plant region 4 is calculated (step S3).
- This height is calculated using the numerical terrain model 5 and the numerical surface layer model 6 described above.
- the mesh 30 is first set to these models in order to ensure good accuracy in calculating the height. Is done.
- This mesh 30 corresponds to the fact that the plant group 1 is grasped with the resolution of the observation image data 3 in pixel units as described above, and enables the height of the plant group 1 to be calculated according to this resolution.
- the cell 7 (division unit) position of the mesh 30 is set to correspond to the pixel position of the observation image data 3 with the same mesh size as the pixel size of the observation image data 3.
- FIG. 5A shows the observed image data 3 expressed so that each pixel can be identified
- FIGS. 5B and 5C show images obtained by setting the mesh 30 to each of the numerical terrain model 5 and the numerical surface model 6. Indicates.
- the same elevation is shown with the same hatching.
- the mesh 30 is set only in the plant region 4, but as long as the plant region 4 is set, it is sufficient to set it for the entire evaluation target region 2.
- the numerical terrain model 5 or the like composed of TIN or the like is configured by complementing altitude measurement points with a triangular surface or the like.
- the setting of the representative value is for specifying the altitude coordinate in the above-described unit of the cell 7, and specifically, for example, the altitude coordinate of the center point of the cell is the altitude coordinate of the cell 7, that is, the representative value. Can be adopted as.
- the representative value can be appropriately determined in consideration of the accuracy of altitude and the amount of calculation such as the average value of the altitude coordinates in the cell 7 and the median.
- the altitude coordinate values of the numerical terrain model 5 and the numerical surface model 6 are compared in units of cells 7.
- the numerical terrain model 5 indicates the altitude ht of the ground surface excluding the land cover 31 and the feature 32
- the numerical surface model 6 indicates the surface layer surface including the land cover 31 and the feature 32. Since it has the altitude hs, the height of the desired plant group 1 is given by calculating the difference ⁇ h. If this difference ⁇ h is calculated for all the cells 7 in the plant region 4, the height can be obtained for each plant group 1 constituting each cell 7.
- the plant height calculation unit 17 includes a mesh setting unit 33, a representative value setting unit 34, and an altitude difference calculation unit 35.
- the mesh setting unit 33 sets the mesh 30 in the numerical terrain model 5 or the like, and is based on, for example, the resolution of the observation image data 3 or the overlay position of the observation image data 3 and the numerical terrain model 5 or the like. Etc. to determine the mesh size and the position of the mesh 30 on the plane coordinates.
- the representative value setting unit 34 obtains, for example, the plane coordinates of the center point of the cell 7, acquires the altitude value taking the plane coordinates in the numerical terrain model 5, and the like, and obtains the elevation values of the numerical terrain model 5 and the numerical surface model 6. It repeats until an altitude value is acquired in all the cells 7 in the plant region 4 in each.
- the altitude difference calculation unit 35 subtracts the altitude value of the numerical landform model 5 from the altitude value of the numerical surface layer model 6 for each cell 7 indicating the same point in the numerical landform model 5 and the numerical surface layer model 6, Iterate until it is calculated in all of the cells 7.
- step S4 the carbon dioxide absorption effect of the plant excluding the forest is evaluated (step S4).
- This evaluation is made by the evaluation means 18 referring to the plant / carbon dioxide absorption amount table 14 as shown in FIG.
- the table 14 stores the plant height range section 8 and the annual carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area in association with each other.
- 1 square meter is set as the unit area.
- the plant height range section 8 is a grass-equivalent land height range, a farmland-equivalent height range, in which the carbon dioxide absorption amount tends to be approximated regardless of the plant type, Three types of height ranges corresponding to shrublands are set, and the forest 23 (or forest land, forest land) is excluded from the evaluation target because the height range corresponding to forests is not set.
- Each carbon dioxide absorption amount e corresponding to the height range section 8 can be made constant by a predetermined numerical value as shown by the algebra of A, B, and C in FIG. It is desirable to set according to the locality after investigating the types of plants inhabiting the evaluation target area 2 in advance.
- the plant height range category 8 when the plant height range category 8 is set according to the land use category, for example, when the attribute data of the land use category is set in the GIS data 20 described above, the category is classified using this. Can also be verified. Further, the plant height threshold shown in FIG. 1 (b) for separating the above height range sections 8 is determined by experiments. For example, after conducting a field survey on the evaluation target area, It can be set considering the height of the plants that are profitable.
- step S4-1 the plant height of each cell 7 calculated by the plant height calculation means 17 is acquired for each cell 7 (step S4-1), and this exceeds the shrubland equivalent.
- Step S4-2 the forest 7 is considered to be a forest 23 that is not subject to evaluation. Therefore, the cell 7 has a carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area.
- the attribute is registered and set as 0 (step S4-3).
- step S4-4 it is similarly determined whether it is the height equivalent to the shrub land (step S4-4) or the height equivalent to the farmland (step S4-6), respectively.
- step S4-7 the attribute C for the carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area corresponding to the shrub land 24 is registered in the cell 7 (step S4-5), or the carbon dioxide absorption amount per unit area corresponding to the farmland 26 Register attribute B for e (step S4-7). If it does not correspond to any of them, since it can be determined that it is grassland 25, the attribute A for the carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area corresponding to this is registered (step S4-8). The above process is repeated until all the cells 7 in the plant region 4 are evaluated (step S4-9). When all the cells 7 are evaluated, the area of the cell 7 on the ground is multiplied by the carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area. Then, after obtaining the carbon dioxide absorption amount of each cell 7, the carbon dioxide absorption amount of the plant area 4 obtained by adding up the carbon dioxide absorption amounts of all the cells 7 is calculated as an evaluation result (step S4-10). .
- This evaluation result can be displayed on a monitor (not shown) via the output unit 36 shown in FIG. 2, thereby completing the evaluation process of the carbon dioxide absorption effect.
- FIG. 5D shows the evaluation target region 2 by applying different hatching to the cell 7 for each height range section 8 of the plant, in other words, for each difference in the carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area.
- An alternate long and two short dashes line displays the map data 9 in an overlapping manner.
- the difference in height and distribution of the plant group 1 can be analyzed, and the difference in carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area and the distribution can be analyzed. .
- the carbon dioxide absorption effect obtained by removing the forest in the evaluation target region 2 as described above can be easily evaluated in terms of forest.
- the carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area per year for the forest is set in advance in the same manner as the shrub land described above, and this is the carbon dioxide absorption amount in the shrub land, farmland, and grassland described above.
- the area corresponding to the forest per unit area such as shrub land is calculated.
- the plant / carbon dioxide absorption amount table 14 described above has a one-to-one correspondence for each plant height range section 8 instead of the carbon dioxide absorption amount e per unit area. Then, the area equivalent to the forest in the plant other than the forest in the evaluation target area 2 can be obtained by the evaluation means 18.
- an area equivalent to a forest can be obtained, and this evaluation method was followed when a predetermined evaluation method using the area of the forest was established in calculating the carbon dioxide absorption effect. Evaluation can be easily obtained.
- the case where the area of the shrub land or the like is converted to the area of the forest is shown, but according to the determination factor of the carbon dioxide absorption effect, for example, the volume of the trunk shown in the above-described conventional example, etc.
- the volume of the trunk of the shrub may be set in advance, and the conversion rate may be set in consideration of this.
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Abstract
Description
植物群1を判別可能な所定波長域により上空から評価対象領域2を観測した観測画像データ3における画素の分布に従って評価対象領域2から植物領域4を抽出するステップと、
前記観測画像データ3に座標標定された数値地形モデル5および数値表層モデル6に基づいて前記植物領域4の地表面標高htと表層面標高hsとの差分Δhを、該植物領域4を所定の面積単位により分割した分割単位7毎に、植物群1の高さとして算出するステップと、
予め設定された森林相当の高さに満たない植物群1に、二酸化炭素吸収量との因果関係により設定される所定の単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量eを割り当て、当該植物群1を有する前記分割単位7の植物領域4内における面積を乗じて評価対象領域2内の非森林領域における二酸化炭素吸収効果を評価するステップとを有して二酸化炭素吸収効果の評価方法を構成する。
評価対象領域2を設定した後、
地図データ9に座標標定され、植物群1が判別可能な所定波長域により地表を上空から観測した観測画像データ3を格納する観測画像データ格納部10を参照し、評価対象領域2の地図上の対応領域についての観測画像データ3における画素の分布に従って評価対象領域2から植物領域4を地図上の位置を特定して抽出し、
次いで、前記地図データ9に座標標定された数値地形モデル5を格納する数値地形モデル格納部11、および前記地図データ9に座標標定された数値表層モデル6を格納する数値表層モデル格納部12を参照して前記植物領域4の地表面標高htと表層面標高hsとの差分Δhを、該植物領域4を所定の面積単位により分割した分割単位7毎に、植物群1の高さとして算出し、
この後、予め設定された森林相当の高さに満たない植物群1に、二酸化炭素吸収量との因果関係により設定される所定の単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量eを割り当て、当該植物群1を有する前記分割単位7の植物群1領域内における面積を乗じて評価対象領域2内の非森林領域における二酸化炭素吸収効果を評価して構成することができ、この場合、評価対象領域2の選定の自由度を高めたデータ処理が構築される。
地図データ9を格納する地図データ格納部13、
前記地図データ9に座標標定され、植物群1が判別可能な所定波長域により上空から地表を観測した観測画像データ3を格納する観測画像データ格納部10、
前記地図データ9に座標標定された評価対象領域2の数値地形モデル5を格納する数値地形モデル格納部11、
前記地図データ9に座標標定された評価対象領域2の数値表層モデル6を格納する数値表層モデル格納部12、
二酸化炭素吸収量との因果関係により設定される植物群1の所定の単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量eを、予め設定された森林相当の高さに満たない範囲内において植物群1の所定の高さ範囲区分8別に格納する植物・二酸化炭素吸収量テーブル14、
評価対象領域2を設定する対象領域設定手段15、
前記地図データ格納部13と観測画像データ格納部10を参照し、前記評価対象領域2の地図上の対応領域についての観測画像データ3における画素の分布に従って前記評価対象領域2から植物領域4を抽出する植物領域抽出手段16、
前記数値地形モデル格納部11および数値表層モデル格納部12を参照し、前記植物領域4の地表面標高htと表層面標高hsとの差分Δhを、該植物領域4内を所定の面積単位により分割した分割単位7毎に、植物群1の高さとして算出する植物高さ算出手段17、
前記植物・二酸化炭素吸収量テーブル14を参照し、前記植物群1の高さ範囲区分8に応じて割り当てられた単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量eに、当該高さ範囲区分8の植物群1を有する前記分割単位7の植物領域4内における面積を乗じ、得られた各高さ範囲区分8についての二酸化炭素吸収量を合算して評価対象領域2内の非森林領域における二酸化炭素吸収効果を評価する評価手段18を有して構成された二酸化炭素吸収効果の評価装置を用いることによっても実現することができる。
2 評価対象領域
3 観測画像データ
4 植物領域
5 数値地形モデル
6 数値表層モデル
7 分割単位
8 高さ範囲区分
9 地図データ
10 観測画像データ格納部
11 数値地形モデル格納部
12 数値表層モデル格納部
13 地図データ格納部
14 植物・二酸化炭素吸収量テーブル
15 対象領域設定手段
16 植物領域抽出手段
17 植物高さ算出手段
18 評価手段
ht 地表面標高
hs 表層面標高
Δh 差分
e 単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量
Claims (5)
- 植物群を判別可能な所定波長域により上空から評価対象領域を観測した観測画像データにおける画素の分布に従って評価対象領域から植物領域を抽出するステップと、
前記観測画像データに座標標定された数値地形モデルおよび数値表層モデルに基づいて前記植物領域の地表面標高と表層面標高との差分を、該植物領域を所定の面積単位により分割した分割単位毎に、植物群の高さとして算出するステップと、
予め設定された森林相当の高さに満たない植物群に、二酸化炭素吸収量との因果関係により設定される所定の単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量を割り当て、当該植物群を有する前記分割単位の植物領域内における面積を乗じて評価対象領域内の非森林領域における二酸化炭素吸収効果を評価するステップとを有する二酸化炭素吸収効果の評価方法。 - 前記植物群の森林相当に満たない高さの範囲内において、複数の高さ範囲区分を設定し、各高さ範囲区分に対して二酸化炭素吸収量との因果関係により個別に設定した単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量を割り当てる請求項1記載の二酸化炭素吸収効果の評価方法。
- 前記植物群に二酸化炭素吸収量を割り当てることに代えて、二酸化炭素吸収量を森林換算する換算率を割り当て、該換算率に対して評価対象領域内における当該植物群を有する分割単位の面積を乗じて得られる森林相当面積により二酸化炭素吸収効果を評価する請求項1記載の二酸化炭素吸収効果の評価方法。
- 評価対象領域を設定した後、
地図データに座標標定され、植物群が判別可能な所定波長域により地表を上空から観測した観測画像データを格納する観測画像データ格納部を参照し、評価対象領域の地図上の対応領域についての観測画像データにおける画素の分布に従って評価対象領域から植物領域を地図上の位置を特定して抽出し、
次いで、前記地図データに座標標定された数値地形モデルを格納する数値地形モデル格納部、および前記地図データに座標標定された数値表層モデルを格納する数値表層モデル格納部を参照して前記植物領域の地表面標高と表層面標高との差分を、該植物領域を所定の面積単位により分割した分割単位毎に、植物群の高さとして算出し、
この後、予め設定された森林相当の高さに満たない植物群に、二酸化炭素吸収量との因果関係により設定される所定の単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量を割り当て、当該植物群を有する前記分割単位の植物群領域内における面積を乗じて評価対象領域内の非森林領域における二酸化炭素吸収効果を評価する二酸化炭素吸収効果の評価方法。 - 地図データを格納する地図データ格納部、
前記地図データに座標標定され、植物群が判別可能な所定波長域により上空から地表を観測した観測画像データを格納する観測画像データ格納部、
前記地図データに座標標定された評価対象領域の数値地形モデルを格納する数値地形モデル格納部、
前記地図データに座標標定された評価対象領域の数値表層モデルを格納する数値表層モデル格納部、
二酸化炭素吸収量との因果関係により設定される植物群の所定の単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量を、予め設定された森林相当の高さに満たない範囲内において植物群の所定の高さ範囲区分別に格納する植物・二酸化炭素吸収量テーブル、
評価対象領域を設定する対象領域設定手段、
前記地図データ格納部と観測画像データ格納部を参照し、前記評価対象領域の地図上の対応領域についての観測画像データにおける画素の分布に従って前記評価対象領域から植物領域を抽出する植物領域抽出手段、
前記数値地形モデル格納部および数値表層モデル格納部を参照し、前記植物領域の地表面標高と表層面標高との差分を、該植物領域内を所定の面積単位により分割した分割単位毎に、植物群の高さとして算出する植物高さ算出手段、
前記植物・二酸化炭素吸収量テーブルを参照し、前記植物群の高さ範囲区分に応じて割り当てられた単位面積当たりの二酸化炭素吸収量に、当該高さ範囲区分の植物群を有する前記分割単位の植物領域内における面積を乗じ、得られた各高さ範囲区分についての二酸化炭素吸収量を合算して評価対象領域内の非森林領域における二酸化炭素吸収効果を評価する評価手段を有する二酸化炭素吸収効果の評価装置。
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