WO2011145927A1 - Revêtements de fibres antitaches pour constructions incurvées - Google Patents

Revêtements de fibres antitaches pour constructions incurvées Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011145927A1
WO2011145927A1 PCT/NL2011/050304 NL2011050304W WO2011145927A1 WO 2011145927 A1 WO2011145927 A1 WO 2011145927A1 NL 2011050304 W NL2011050304 W NL 2011050304W WO 2011145927 A1 WO2011145927 A1 WO 2011145927A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibres
curved
fibre
piles
curved material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2011/050304
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hendrik Jacobus Arie Breur
Plamen Georgiev Malchev
Original Assignee
Materials Innovation Centre B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Materials Innovation Centre B.V. filed Critical Materials Innovation Centre B.V.
Publication of WO2011145927A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011145927A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
    • B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
    • B08B17/06—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
    • B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
    • B63B1/36—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
    • B63B59/04—Preventing hull fouling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0097—Web coated with fibres, e.g. flocked
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • G01N17/008—Monitoring fouling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to a fibre-coated material, which prevents unwanted fouling organisms from attaching and growing on curved immersed structures that come in contact with water, especially sea water.
  • the invention also pertains to the preparation of such a fibre-coated material, and to a fibre-coated sheet applicable for making a curved antifouling construction.
  • EP-A-353.095 discloses an antifouling sheet comprising fibre elements which are relatively long (10 - 30 mm), about 10 - 300 ⁇ diameter, and have a ratio of thickness versus length selected such as to give the fibres their flexible fur-like properties.
  • EP-A-312.600 discloses fur-like fibre- coated marine material preventing attachment of algae and shellfishes, wherein the piles are 5 denier or less, preferably even 1.5 denier or less. A denier unit is sometimes used to express the fineness of a yarn, and equals the mass in g per 9 km of yarn. According to EP-A-312.600, a denier greater than 5 is undesirable, because the fibre would sway less in water and further produce an uneven surface, which would attract the attachment of algae and shellfishes.
  • WO-A-93/25432 teaches the use of fibre flock with a high density of thin, short fibres. It generally mentions a density of 50 - 300 fibres/mm 2 , a fibre thickness of less than 0.1 mm, and a pile length of 0.5 - 5 mm, but remains silent on any other physical property of the fibre flock, and on the process for obtaining such fibres. With current technology it is not possible to produce fibres having combinations of densities and thicknesses throughout these ranges.
  • the minimum density of 50 fibres/mm 2 , and the preferred minimum density of 150 fibres/mm 2 indicates that very thin and short fibres are proposed, of the order of at most 1 mm in length and a thickness smaller than 10 denier.
  • WO 2007/108679 it has been shown that the efficacy of the antifouling coating can be greatly improved by applying 'thorn-like' fibres having a thickness of at least 50 ⁇ [about 25 denier], a fibre length of at least 3 mm, and a pile density lower than 40 fibres/mm 2 .
  • the anti-fouling effect is shown of these thorn-like fibres having a length > 3 mm, a thickness of > 60 ⁇ and a density of 20 thorns/mm 2 , when applied onto a PVC panel of 30 x 20 cm 2 which was exposed to sea water for 10 months. It teaches to avoid smaller fibre lengths because it is taught to result in a smooth coat not having the antifouling effect desired.
  • the invention thus pertains to a fibre-coated curved (marine) material having antifouling properties, wherein at least part of said curved material is covered by piles of fibres having a thickness of 40 - 200 ⁇ , preferably 40 ⁇ - 120 ⁇ and a fibre length of less than 3.0 mm, and wherein the coating contains piles of fibres having a density in the range of 5- 40 fibres/mm 2 .
  • a thickness of 49 ⁇ corresponds to approximately 22 dtex.
  • thicknesses in the range of 18 - 90 dtex are preferred.
  • curved (marine) material is intended to comprise a curved object or curved part of an object moving in an aqueous medium meeting a resistance of flow due to friction, and curved (parts of) marine constructions, which at least partially reach under the surface of water.
  • a curved (marine) material it is preferably understood a (marine) material or part thereof that exhibits curvature in at least one dimension.
  • the curvature may be convex or concave, although problems with existing coatings are most pronounced in case of convex surfaces, especially for curve radii below 100mm, more preferably below 50mm, most preferably below 15mm, particularly below 5mm.
  • a non- exhaustive list of marine materials suitable for fibre coating comprises net, rope, buoy, marker, etc., and those concerned with water equipment and articles such as tubes and pipes. The effects are most pronounced for nettings, ropes and tubes and pipes, having the desired curve radii. Unless specified otherwise, the values for thickness, length, density and ratios given throughout the description and claims are averages.
  • the average fibre length ranges between 1.0 and 2.9 mm, more preferably between 1.5 and 2.8 mm, most preferably between 1.7 and 2.7 mm, in particular between 1.8 and 2.6 mm, preferably at most 2.5 mm, particularly at most 2.4 mm.
  • the desired fibre length can be achieved by conventional means such as cutting.
  • the average fibre thickness varies between 45 and 110 ⁇ , more preferably between 50 and 100 ⁇ , most preferably between 55 and 90 ⁇ .
  • anti-antifouling is meant the prevention of attachment and growth of aquatic organisms from (partly) underwater surfaces where they have a negative influence on the surface's physical attributes.
  • An important group of animals that is to be prevented from settlement comprises shellfish such as mussels and oysters, barnacle and the like, and larvae thereof, tubeworms, ascidians, hydrozoans and bryozoans.
  • the fibre material is also used in avoiding plants as algae, seaweed, and spores and zoospores thereof, from taking root on the marine constructions.
  • the curved marine material is covered with the fibres of the invention for the greater part of its surface area, preferably at least 75%, more preferably at least 90%.
  • the fibres are commonly composed of polyester, polyamide or polyacryl, including polyesters such as poly( ethylene) terephthalate and poly(butylene) terephthalate, polyamides represented by nylon 6, 11, 12, 66 and 610, but also polyurethane, (modified) poly( vinyl alcohol), polyalkylene such as polyepolyethylene or polypropylene or modified (copolymerised) forms thereof, and rayon may be applied.
  • the fibres may also comprise modifications, copolymers or mixtures of the afore-mentioned types.
  • the fibres preferably comprise polyamide, or copolymers thereof.
  • the fibres of the invention may be applied to the surface of a curved marine construction without the requirement of biocidal agents, but can be used in combination with (lower) concentrations of bioactive compounds such as conventional tin-based, copper-based, zinc-based or other anti- fouling agents.
  • the curved marine material has a fibre layer which is free of biocide materials and free of materials suspected of having biocidal properties.
  • the invention further relates to a method for providing a curved marine material with an antifouling top layer covered at least partly by the piles of fibres of the invention.
  • piles may be generated by any manufacturing method known in the art, and could be applied directly to the curved marine material. Several manufacturing methods are described in EP-A-312.600.
  • the thorn-like surface is provided by first applying a water- resistant adhesive, for instance an epoxy or a polyurethane, to the curved marine material to form an adhesive layer, where after the selected fibres are electrostatically charged and brought into contact with the adhesive layer, for instance using spraying techniques.
  • a water- resistant adhesive for instance an epoxy or a polyurethane
  • the piles may also be applied as a sheet. Therefore, the invention also relates to a sheet comprising a base member and the fibres of the invention attached thereto.
  • the base member can be made of any kinds of material, e.g. polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl, textile and paper-like materials.
  • a guiding system, fixing the object in the flocking machine to avoid contact of the object with the installation is needed.
  • a first step of providing a layer of adhesive to the object may be performed by e.g. spraying, dipping or rolling.
  • wasted adhesive may be collected below the netting.
  • care must be taken to avoid inhomogeneous layer formation, for instance using air-jetting. Foamed adhesives may be used. Also, the rheology of the adhesive can be adjusted.
  • thorns may also be applied in two steps: first a low density but evenly distributed flock of thorns is provided to the object, where after a more dense coverage is achieved with sequential flocking steps. Every step may have its own optimal velocity and outlet-object distance. It is considered to be within the skilled person's ambit to determine the optimal conditions.
  • the object may be oppositely charged, not necessarily of same absolute magnitude. Generally, the object is grounded.
  • an airflow, or a second (grounded or oppositely charged) object behind the mesh may be applied to improve the pass rate.
  • the thorns may be provided from both sides simultaneously.
  • the curved marine material may be coloured, in order to minimise
  • the preventive effect of the thorn- like surface may further be enhanced by selecting pigments in the fibre-layer which scarcely absorb the light in the region of wave length suitable for photosynthesis of algae tending to attach in the water where the material is used.
  • Ultraviolet ray absorbents may also be applied to prevent degradation caused by ultraviolet radiation and/or to improve durability of the fibre-coated material. If desired the fibre stiffness may be increased by using additives (e.g. nanostructured particles).
  • polyurethane glue as adhesive and several different types of thorns made of polyamide (length 0.50 and 2.0 mm, 1.7 and 22 dtex with a density of 20 thorns/mm 2 . Electrostatic flocking was used for the application. After curing of the glue, the PVC panels were exposed to seawater. All materials with described thorns fouled, a.o. with mussels barnacles and algae.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un matériau incurvé enduit de fibres ayant des propriétés antitaches, au moins une partie dudit matériau incurvé étant recouverte de piles de fibres ayant une épaisseur moyenne de 40-200 µm et une longueur de fibre moyenne de moins de 3,0 mm, et le revêtement contenant des piles de fibres ayant une densité comprise dans la plage de 5-40 fibres/mm2. Il a été découvert que les propriétés antitaches de fibres de type épine dans l'état de la technique - autrement appliquées avec succès à des surfaces marines généralement plates - pourraient être en outre améliorées lorsque les fibres sont appliquées sur une surface incurvée si la longueur des fibres était réduite.
PCT/NL2011/050304 2010-05-18 2011-05-04 Revêtements de fibres antitaches pour constructions incurvées WO2011145927A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10163110.9 2010-05-18
EP10163110 2010-05-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011145927A1 true WO2011145927A1 (fr) 2011-11-24

Family

ID=42990309

Family Applications (1)

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PCT/NL2011/050304 WO2011145927A1 (fr) 2010-05-18 2011-05-04 Revêtements de fibres antitaches pour constructions incurvées

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2011145927A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104060779A (zh) * 2014-07-18 2014-09-24 国家电网公司 落水管防攀爬护件

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0312600A1 (fr) 1987-04-30 1989-04-26 Toray Industries, Inc. Materiel de peche excellent pour empecher l'adhesion d'organismes et procedes de production dudit materiel
EP0353095A2 (fr) 1988-07-28 1990-01-31 Tuguo Ezoe Procédé et toile empêchant la fixation d'un organisme marin
WO1993025432A1 (fr) 1992-06-05 1993-12-23 Juristbyrån Indirekt Ab Revetement pour constructions navales
WO1996031292A1 (fr) * 1995-04-06 1996-10-10 Sealflock Aktiebolag Revetements pour surfaces exposees a la pollution
WO2007108679A1 (fr) 2006-03-21 2007-09-27 Materials Innovation Centre B.V. Revetements de fibres antitaches pour constructions marines
EP1964620A1 (fr) * 2007-03-02 2008-09-03 Kjell K. Alm Procédé pour réaliser un revêtement empêchant le développement d'organismes

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0312600A1 (fr) 1987-04-30 1989-04-26 Toray Industries, Inc. Materiel de peche excellent pour empecher l'adhesion d'organismes et procedes de production dudit materiel
EP0353095A2 (fr) 1988-07-28 1990-01-31 Tuguo Ezoe Procédé et toile empêchant la fixation d'un organisme marin
US5116655A (en) * 1988-07-28 1992-05-26 Tuguo Ezoe Preventive method against apposition of a marine organism and a preventive sheet against apposition of a marine organism
WO1993025432A1 (fr) 1992-06-05 1993-12-23 Juristbyrån Indirekt Ab Revetement pour constructions navales
US5618588A (en) * 1992-06-05 1997-04-08 Sealflock Aktiebolag Coating on marine constructions
WO1996031292A1 (fr) * 1995-04-06 1996-10-10 Sealflock Aktiebolag Revetements pour surfaces exposees a la pollution
WO2007108679A1 (fr) 2006-03-21 2007-09-27 Materials Innovation Centre B.V. Revetements de fibres antitaches pour constructions marines
EP1964620A1 (fr) * 2007-03-02 2008-09-03 Kjell K. Alm Procédé pour réaliser un revêtement empêchant le développement d'organismes

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104060779A (zh) * 2014-07-18 2014-09-24 国家电网公司 落水管防攀爬护件

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