WO2011145901A2

WO2011145901A2 - Electronic paper and manufacturing method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2011145901A2
Application number: PCT/KR2011/003721
Authority: WO
Inventors: 박병은
Original assignee: 서울시립대학교산학협력단
Priority date: 2010-05-19
Filing date: 2011-05-19
Publication date: 2011-11-24
Also published as: WO2011145901A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electronic paper capable of providing a stable display effect using a ferroelectric material, and a manufacturing method therefor. According to the present invention, an electronic paper comprises: a lower substrate; an upper substrate made of a transparent material; a plurality of partition walls provided between the lower substrate and upper substrate to form a plurality of cell spaces; fine particles which are filled in the cell spaces and are charged with positive or negative electricity; and a driving means which is provided under the cell spaces and arranges the positively or negatively charged fine particles at an upper portion or lower portion of the cell spaces.

Description

Electronic paper and its manufacturing method

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to electronic paper, and more particularly, to an electronic paper and a method of manufacturing the same, which are capable of providing a stable display effect using ferroelectric materials.

Currently, various types of display devices such as CRT, LCD, PDP, etc. have been developed and used. The conventional display apparatuses are all designed to receive and output a video signal such as RGB, and have a disadvantage in that the size of the apparatus is large, heavy, and very high.

On the other hand, in recent years, display apparatuses called electronic paper have been developed and widely studied. This electronic paper is produced by making upper and lower electrodes on a plastic substrate and filling, for example, positive and negatively charged toner particles in the space while forming a partition between the two electrodes.

Electronic paper has attracted much attention as a next-generation display means because it has the advantage of having a good resolution such as displayed characters and a wide viewing angle.

However, the conventional electronic paper has a disadvantage in that the display image does not last long when the power is cut off from the upper and lower electrodes because the display is performed using charged toner particles, and is greatly affected by external static electricity.

In addition, the conventional electronic paper has a problem in that the manufacturing process is complicated because the electrodes must be formed on the upper and lower substrates respectively, and the manufacturing cost is high because the ITO electrode or the like having good transparency is used as the upper electrode.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a technical object of the present invention is to provide an electronic paper and a method for manufacturing the same, wherein the manufacturing process is simple, stable and provides a clear display screen.

Electronic paper according to the first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object is a lower substrate, an upper substrate made of a transparent material, a plurality of partitions are provided between the lower substrate and the upper substrate to form a plurality of cell spaces, Comprising a positive or negatively charged fine particles filled in the cell space, and a ferroelectric layer formed in the lower portion of the cell space, and aligning the positive or negatively charged fine particles to the upper or lower side of the cell space It is characterized by comprising a drive means for.

In addition, the electronic paper according to the second aspect of the present invention is a microcapsule provided with a lower substrate, an upper substrate made of a transparent material, between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, and provided with fine or positively charged particles therein. And a ferroelectric layer formed under the microcapsule and including driving means for aligning the positive or negatively charged microparticles provided inside the microcapsule to an upper side or a lower side of the microcapsule. It is characterized by.

In addition, the electronic paper according to the third aspect of the present invention is provided between the lower substrate, the upper substrate made of a transparent material, the lower substrate and the upper substrate, and has a spherical shape, and has one hemisphere portion and the other hemisphere of the sphere. The part is provided with a rotating ball that is charged at different potentials and colored in different colors, and is formed under the rotating ball, and has a ferroelectric layer, and is provided with driving means for rotationally driving the rotating ball. It is characterized by.

The driving means may include a lower electrode formed on the lower substrate, a ferroelectric layer formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the ferroelectric layer.

In addition, the ferroelectric layer is characterized in that it is composed of at least one of a ferroelectric inorganic material and a ferroelectric organic material or a mixture of organic materials.

In addition, the ferroelectric layer is characterized by consisting of a mixture of ferroelectric material and metal.

In addition, the metal is characterized in that the iron (Fe).

In addition, the upper electrode is characterized in that it is formed in a direction orthogonal to the lower electrode.

In addition, the ferroelectric layer is characterized in that formed in the intersection region of the upper electrode and the lower electrode.

In addition, the ferroelectric layer is characterized in that the entire coating is formed on the lower substrate on which the lower electrode is formed.

In addition, the lower substrate is characterized in that consisting of paper.

In addition, the lower substrate is characterized in that the organic material.

In addition, the lower electrode or the upper electrode is characterized in that it is composed of at least one of a conductive organic material, a mixture of a conductive organic material or a compound.

In addition, the method of manufacturing an electronic paper according to a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a lower substrate, forming a lower electrode on the lower substrate, forming a ferroelectric layer on the lower electrode, the ferroelectric Forming an upper electrode on the layer, forming a cell space by forming a partition on the structure on which the upper electrode is formed, filling fine particles in the cell space, and forming an upper substrate on the cell space Characterized in that it comprises a step.

In addition, the lower substrate is characterized in that the paper.

In addition, the lower substrate is characterized in that the organic material.

In addition, the lower electrode or the upper electrode is characterized in that the conductive organic material, a mixture or a compound of the conductive organic material.

In addition, the lower electrode or the upper electrode is characterized in that it is formed through any one method of inkjet, spin coating method or screen printing.

In addition, the formation of the ferroelectric layer is characterized in that it comprises a step of forming a mixture of ferroelectric inorganic material and ferroelectric organic material, and forming a ferroelectric layer using the mixture.

In addition, the formation of the ferroelectric layer is characterized in that it comprises a step of forming a mixture of ferroelectric inorganic and organic material, and forming a ferroelectric layer using the mixture.

The ferroelectric layer may be formed by mixing a ferroelectric inorganic material and a metal to form a mixture, and forming a ferroelectric layer using the mixture.

In addition, the metal is characterized in that the iron (Fe).

The forming of the partition wall may include forming a photoresist layer on the structure on which the upper electrode is formed, curing the photoresist layer, and etching a portion of the cured photoresist layer corresponding to the cell space. Characterized in that comprises a step.

The electronic paper according to the fifth aspect of the present invention includes a lower substrate, an upper substrate made of a transparent material, a plurality of partition walls installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate to form a plurality of cell spaces, and filled in the cell space. In addition, it is characterized in that it comprises a positive or negatively charged fine particles, and a ferroelectric layer which is formed in the lower portion of the cell space and aligns the positive or negatively charged fine particles to the upper or lower side of the cell space.

Electronic paper according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is a microcapsule provided with a lower substrate, an upper substrate made of a transparent material, between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, and provided with fine or positively charged particles therein; Formed under the microcapsule, characterized in that it comprises a ferroelectric layer for aligning the positive or negatively charged fine particles provided inside the microcapsule to the upper or lower side of the microcapsule.

Electronic paper according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is provided between the lower substrate, the upper substrate made of a transparent material, the lower substrate and the upper substrate and has a spherical shape, one side hemisphere portion and the other half hemisphere portion of the sphere is It is characterized in that it comprises a rotating ball that is charged to different potentials and colored in different colors, and a ferroelectric layer formed on the lower portion of the rotating ball to drive the rotating ball.

According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, separate driving means are provided for each cell unit constituting the pixel, and these driving means drive the charged particles continuously filled in the cell space even when the power is cut off. Therefore, even when static electricity or the like is applied through the outside of the electronic paper, a character or an image screen provided through the electronic paper is always kept stable.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of an electronic paper according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the manufacturing process of the electronic paper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of an electronic paper according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of an electronic paper according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of an electronic paper according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of an electronic paper according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of an electronic paper according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below show one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and examples of such embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention can be carried out in various modifications without departing from the spirit thereof.

1 shows a cross-sectional structure of an electronic paper according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a dry electronic paper using collision charging type or electrophoresis.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a lower substrate. The lower substrate 1 may be composed of an organic material such as a general Si, Ge wafer, glass, or plastic having flexibility.

The organic materials usable here include, for example, polyimide (PI), polycarbonate (PC), polyethersulfone (PES), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly Vinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), ethylene copolymer, polypropylene (PP), propylene copolymer, poly (4-methyl-1-pentene) (TPX), polyarylate (PAR), polyacetal (POM ), Polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polysulfone (PSF), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyvinyl acetate (PVAC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), polyvinyl acetal, Polystyrene (PS), AS resin, ABS resin, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), fluorocarbon resin, phenolic resin (PF), melamine resin (MF), urea resin (UF), unsaturated polyester (UP), epoxy resin (EP), diallyl phthalate resin (DAP), polyurethane (PUR), polyamide (PA), silicone resin (SI) or mixtures and combinations thereof Water can be used.

In addition, the lower substrate 1 may be a paper, a material including a paper, for example, a paper coated with a coding material such as parylene, or a paper coated with or infiltrated with a heat resistant material such as silicon.

The lower electrode 2 is formed on the lower substrate 1 by a known method. The lower electrode 2 is based on gold, silver, aluminum, platinum, indium tin compound (ITO), strontium titanate compound (SrTiO ₃ ), other conductive metal oxides, alloys and compounds thereof, or conductive polymers. For example, a mixture of polyaniline, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT: PSS), a compound, or a multilayered material may be used.

Subsequently, a ferroelectric layer 3 is formed on the lower electrode 2. As the ferroelectric material for forming the ferroelectric layer 3, oxide ferroelectrics, fluoride ferroelectrics such as BMF (BaMgF ₄ ), inorganic ferroelectrics such as ferroelectric semiconductors, and organic ferroelectrics such as polymer ferroelectrics can be used.

Examples of the oxide ferroelectrics include Pseudo-ilmenite ferroelectrics such as Perovskite ferroelectrics such as PZT (PbZr _x Ti _1-x O ₃ ), BaTiO ₃ , and PbTiO ₃ , LiNbO ₃ , LiTaO _3, and the like. Tungsten-bronze (TB) ferroelectrics such as PbNb ₃ O ₆ , Ba ₂ NaNb ₅ O ₁₅ , SBT (SrBi ₂ Ta ₂ O ₉ ), BLT ((Bi, La) ₄ Ti ₃ O ₁₂ ), Bi ₄ Ti ₃ O Bismuth layered ferroelectrics such as ₁₂ and Pyrochlore ferroelectrics such as La ₂ Ti ₂ O ₇ and solid solutions of these ferroelectrics, as well as Y, Er, Ho, Tm, Yb, Lu, etc. RMnO ₃ containing rare earth element (R), PGO (Pb ₅ Ge ₃ O ₁₁ ), BFO (BiFeO ₃ ), and the like.

Examples of the ferroelectric semiconductors include Group 2-6 compounds such as CdZnTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdMnS, CdFeS, CdMnSe, and CdFeSe.

As the polymer ferroelectric, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a polymer, a copolymer, or a terpolymer containing the PVDF is included. In addition, an odd number of nylons, cyano polymers, polymers thereof and air Coalescing and the like.

In addition, the ferroelectric material may be a mixture of ferroelectric minerals and organics, a mixture of ferroelectric inorganics and ferroelectric organics, a mixture of solid solutions and organics of ferroelectric inorganics, a mixture of solid solutions of ferroelectric inorganics and ferroelectric organics, a mixture of ferroelectric inorganics and ferroelectric inorganics, for example, Fe A mixture of metals, silicides, or silicates such as these may be used.

Further, preferably, a mixture of a metal such as Fe mixed with a ferroelectric inorganic material such as PZT may be used as the ferroelectric material.

As the organic material mixed with the ferroelectric inorganic material, a general monomer, oligomer, polymer, copolymer, preferably an organic material having a high dielectric constant may be used.

Organic materials with high dielectric constants include polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), epoxy (epoxy), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyimide (PI), polyehylene (PE), PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), nylon 66 (polyhezamethylene adipamide), PEKK (polytherketoneketone) and the like.

In addition, the organic materials mixed with ferroelectric water include fluorinated para-xylene, fluoropolyarylether, fluorinated polyimide, polystyrene, poly (α-methyl styrene). (poly (α-methyl styrene)), poly (α-vinylnaphthalene), poly (vinyltoluene), polyethylene, cis-polybutadiene -polybutadiene, polypropylene, polyisoprene, poly (4-methyl-1-pentene), poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (poly (tetrafluoroethylene) )), Poly (chlorotrifluoroethylene), poly (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) (poly (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene)), poly (p-xylyl (Poly (p-xylylene)), poly (α-α-α'-α'-tetrafluoro-p-xylylene) (poly (α-α-α'-α'-tetrafluoro-p- xylylene)), poly [1,1- (2-methyl propane) bis (4-phenyl Carbonate] (poly [1,1- (2-methyl propane) bis (4-phenyl) carbonate]), poly (cyclohexyl methacrylate), poly (chlorostyrene) (poly ( chlorostyrene)), poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) (poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether)), polyisobutylene, poly (vinyl cyclo Non-polar organic substances such as hexane) (poly (vinyl cyclohexane)), poly (arylene ether) and polyphenylene, or poly (ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene) (poly (ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene), poly (ethylene / chlorotrifluoroethylene), fluorinated ethylene / propylene copolymer, polystyrene-co-α-methyl styrene (polystyrene-co- α-methyl styrene), ethylene / ethyl acrylate copolymer, poly (styrene / 10% butadiene), poly (styrene / 10% butadiene), poly ( Styrene / 15% butadiene) (poly (styrene / 15% butadiene), poly (styrene / 2,4-dimethylstyrene) (poly (styrene / 2,4-dimethylstyrene), Cytop, Teflon AF, polypropylene-co-1 Low dielectric constant copolymers such as -butene (polypropylene-co-1-butene) and the like can be used.

And other conjugated hydrocarbon polymers such as polyacene, polyphenylene, poly (phenylene vinylene), polyfluorene, and oligomers of such conjugated hydrocarbons. ; Condensed aromatic hydrocarbons such as anthracene, tetratracene, chrysene, pentacene, pyrene, perylene and coronene; oligomeric para substitutions such as p-quaterphenyl (p-4P), p-quinquephenyl (p-5P), p-sexiphenyl (p-6P) Oligomeric para substituted phenylenes; Poly (3-substituted thiophene), poly (3,4-bisubstituted thiophene), polybenzothiophene, poly Isothianaphthene, poly (N-substituted pyrrole), poly (3-substituted pyrrole), poly (3,4-disubstituted pyrrole) ) (poly (3,4-bisubstituted pyrrole)), polyfuran, polypyridine, poly-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, polyiso Polyisothianaphthene, poly (N-substituted aniline), poly (2-substituted aniline), poly (2-substituted aniline), poly (3-substituted aniline) (poly Conjugated heterocyclic polymers such as (3-substituted aniline)), poly (2,3-bisubstituted aniline), polyazulene, polypyrene; Pyrazoline compounds; Polyselenophene; Polybenzofuran; Polyindole; Polypyridazine; Benzidine compounds; Stilbene compounds; Triazines; Substituted metallo- or metal-free porphines, phthalocyanines, fluorophthalocyanines, naphthalocyanines or fluoronaphthalocyanines; C ₆₀ and C ₇₀ fullerenes; N, N'-dialkyl, substituted dialkyl, diaryl or substituted diaryl-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide (N, N'-dialkyl, substituted dialkyl, diaryl or substituted diaryl-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide) and fluorinated derivatives; N, N'-dialkyl, substituted dialkyl, diaryl or substituted diaryl 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (N, N'-dialkyl, substituted dialkyl, diaryl or substituted diaryl 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide); Bathophenanthroline; Diphenoquinones; 1,3,4-oxadiazoles (1,3,4-oxadiazoles); 11,11,12,12-tetracyanonaphtho-2,6-quinodimethane (11,11,12,12-tetracyanonaptho-2,6-quinodimethane); α, α'-bis (dithieno [3,2-b2 ', 3'-d] thiophene) (α, α'-bis (dithieno [3,2-b2', 3'-d] thiophene) ); 2,8-dialkyl, substituted dialkyl, diaryl or substituted diaryl anthrathiothiophenes (2,8-dialkyl, substituted dialkyl, diaryl or substituted diaryl anthradithiophene); Organic groups such as 2,2'-bibenzo [1,2-b: 4,5-b '] dithiophene (2,2'-bibenzo [1,2-b: 4,5-b'] dithiophene) Semi-conducting materials or their compounds, oligomers and compound derivatives can be used.

In general, inorganic ferroelectric materials have high dielectric constants but high formation temperatures. In addition, the organic material including the organic ferroelectric material has a low dielectric constant while its formation temperature is very low. Therefore, when the inorganic ferroelectric material and the organic or organic ferroelectric material are mixed, the ferroelectric material having a very high dielectric constant and having a very low formation temperature can be obtained.

Subsequently, an upper electrode 4 is provided on the ferroelectric layer 3 in a direction orthogonal to the lower electrode 2. The upper electrode 4 is based on gold, silver, aluminum, platinum, indium tin compound (ITO), strontium titanate compound (SrTiO ₃ ), other conductive metal oxides, alloys and compounds thereof, or conductive polymers. For example, a mixture of polyaniline, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT: PSS), a compound, or a multilayered material may be used.

In addition, an insulating layer may be provided on the upper electrode 4 to prevent the upper electrode 4 from directly contacting the fine particles 6.

A plurality of partitions 5 are formed on the upper and

lower electrodes

2 and 4 to partition each cell. This partition 5 is produced by, for example, UV curing the photoresist and then etching it appropriately.

In the cell space formed by the partitions 5, fine particles 6 such as toner particles or metal nano particles are filled. At this time, the fine particles injected into the cell space include, for example, white and black particles, among which, for example, the white particles are set to a negatively charged state and the black particles are positively charged.

In addition, an upper substrate 7 made of, for example, glass or a transparent material organic material is provided above the partition 5 and the cell space.

Hereinafter, the operation of the electronic paper having the above structure will be described.

The conventional electronic paper drives electrodes charged in the cell space by placing electrodes at the lower and upper portions of the cell space consisting of the partition walls 5 and applying a voltage to these electrodes. In contrast, in the present invention, a driving means for driving the fine particles 6 filled in the cell space under the cell space, that is, on the lower substrate 1, is provided. This drive means is comprised with the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 4, and the ferroelectric layer 3 located between these

electrodes

2,4.

When voltage is applied to the ferroelectric layer 3 through the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 4, the ferroelectric layer 3 is polarized to generate a polarized electric field from the ferroelectric layer 3. The direction of the polarized electric field is changed depending on the voltage applied to the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 4. For example, when a predetermined positive voltage (+) is applied to the upper electrode 4 while the lower electrode 2 is grounded, a positive electric field is generated in an upward direction, and the lower electrode 2 is grounded. When a negative voltage (-) is applied to the upper electrode 4, a negative electric field is generated in the upward direction. Then, once the ferroelectric layer 3 is polarized, the generation of the electric field is continuously maintained even when the voltages applied to the lower and

upper electrodes

2 and 4 are interrupted.

The driving means in the lower part of the cell space composed of a plurality of partition walls 5, that is, the driving means including the lower and

upper electrodes

2 and 4 and the ferroelectric layer 3 are driven to generate an electric field in a predetermined direction from the driving means. When the positive (+) or negative (-) charged black or white charged particles (6) filled in the cell space is aligned to the top and bottom.

Accordingly, a method of selectively driving the driving means included in each cell space enables displaying of a character or an image having a desired shape on the upper side of the electronic paper composed of a plurality of cells.

In the above structure, separate driving means are provided for each cell constituting the pixel, and these driving means drive the charged particles 6 continuously filled in the cell space even when the power is cut off. Therefore, even when static electricity or the like is applied through the outside of the electronic paper, a character or an image screen provided through the electronic paper is always kept stable.

In addition, in the above structure, a separate transparent electrode is not provided on the upper substrate 7. Transparent electrodes are usually very expensive and can affect the transparency of the upper substrate 7. Therefore, in the above embodiment, it is possible to provide a clearer text or video screen than in the related art, and to lower the manufacturing price thereof.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for each step illustrating a manufacturing step of the electronic paper shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

First, as shown in FIG. 2A, the lower substrate 1 is prepared, and as shown in FIG. 2B, the lower electrode 2 made of a conductive metal or an organic material is formed on the lower substrate 1.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, a ferroelectric layer 3 made of a ferroelectric material is formed on the lower electrode 3. In this case, the ferroelectric layer 3 may be formed only in a region where the lower electrode 3 and the upper electrode 4 cross each other, or may be formed on the lower substrate 1 and the lower electrode 2 as a whole.

In the formation of the ferroelectric layer 3, vacuum deposition, inkjet, spin coating, or screen printing can be used. In the case of using an inorganic substance as the ferroelectric material, the ferroelectric layer 3 can be preferably formed by vacuum deposition. In addition, in the case of using a mixture of inorganic and organic materials as the ferroelectric material, a mixed solution is produced using the ferroelectric inorganic material and the organic material or the ferroelectric organic material, and then the ferroelectric layer 3 is formed by inkjet, spin coating, or screen printing. can do.

The following method can be used to generate the mixed solution.

1. After mixing inorganic powder and organic powder, dissolve it in solvent to produce mixed solution.

2. Dissolve organic powder in mineral solution to produce mixed solution.

3. Dissolve the inorganic powder in the organic solution to produce a mixed solution.

4. Mix the inorganic and organic solutions to form a mixed solution.

In the above manner, the mixing ratio of the inorganic material and the organic material can be appropriately set as necessary. If the mixing ratio of the ferroelectric inorganic material is increased, the dielectric constant of the mixture is increased while the formation temperature is high, and if the mixing ratio of the ferroelectric inorganic material is low, the dielectric constant of the mixture is low while the formation temperature is low.

The upper electrode 4 is formed on the ferroelectric layer 3 as shown in FIG. 2D. The upper electrode 4 is arranged in the direction orthogonal to the lower electrode 2.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2E, partition walls 5 for forming a cell space are formed on the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 4, for example, using photoresist. In this case, although not specifically shown in the drawing, an insulating layer may be formed on the upper electrode 4 to prevent the upper electrode 4 from directly contacting the fine particles 6.

An upper substrate 7 filled with a positive (+) and a negative (-) charged toner or metal nanoparticles 6 in a cell space composed of the partition walls 5 and formed of a transparent material on a lower structure. ), For example, using an adhesive or the like to complete the electronic paper.

On the other hand, the embodiment has been described using the present invention applied to the dry electronic paper using the collision charging type or electrophoresis as an example, the present invention can be applied to the electronic paper of other structures and methods in the same manner. have.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an electronic paper according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which shows an example in which the present invention is applied to an electronic paper using a microcapsule.

In FIG. 3, the lower substrate 1 and the upper substrate 7 are respectively provided on the lower side and the upper side of the cavity filled with the fluid, and the lower electrode 2 and the ferroelectric on the lower substrate 1 as in FIG. 1 described above. A drive means comprising a layer 3 and an upper electrode 4 is provided. In addition, inside the cavity, the microcapsules 30 having the positive and negatively charged particles 31 are dispersed.

In this embodiment, the charged particles 31 inside the microcapsules 30 are aligned up and down according to the driving of the driving means provided on the lower substrate 1 to generate a specific character or image.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of an electronic paper according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which shows an example in which the present invention is applied to an electronic paper using a rotating ball.

In FIG. 4, a rotating ball 40 is provided between the lower substrate 1 and the upper substrate 7, and the lower electrode 2 and the ferroelectric layer 3 are disposed on the lower substrate 1 as in FIG. 1. ) And a drive means comprising the upper electrode 4 is provided. One side hemisphere portion is positively charged, for example, while the other half hemisphere portion is negatively charged. The positively charged portions and negatively-charged portions are colored in different colors, for example, black or white.

In this embodiment, as the rotary ball 40 rotates according to the driving of the driving means provided on the lower substrate 1, white or black portions are aligned upward to generate a specific character or image.

Meanwhile, in the above-described embodiment, the metal nanoparticle 6, the microcapsule 30, or the rotating ball 40 are disposed on the upper side of the driving means composed of the lower electrode 2, the ferroelectric layer 3, and the upper electrode 4. Although the structure of installing) is described as an example, the structure of installing the metal nanoparticle 6, the microcapsule 30, or the rotating ball 40 between the ferroelectric layer 3 and the upper electrode 4 is also the same. Can be employed.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an electronic paper according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 5, the lower electrode 2 is provided on the lower substrate 1, and the ferroelectric layer 3 is formed above the lower electrode 2. A plurality of partitions 5 are formed on the lower electrode 2 and the ferroelectric layer 3 to partition each cell. In the cell space formed by the partitions 5, fine particles 6 such as toner particles or metal nano particles are filled.

The formation of these structures can be implemented in the same manner as the embodiment shown in FIG.

Subsequently, an upper electrode 4 is provided above the partition 5 and the cell space in a direction orthogonal to the lower electrode 2. As this upper electrode 4, Preferably, it consists of transparent electrodes, such as ITO and IZO.

In addition, an insulating layer may be provided below the upper electrode 4 to prevent the upper electrode 4 and the fine particles 5 from directly contacting each other.

In addition, the upper substrate 7 is provided on the upper side of the upper electrode 4, for example, made of glass or an organic material of a transparent material.

In the above structure, when a voltage is applied to the ferroelectric layer 3 through the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 4, the ferroelectric layer 3 is polarized to generate a polarized electric field from the ferroelectric layer 3. The direction of the polarized electric field is changed depending on the voltage applied to the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 4. That is, when a predetermined positive voltage (+) is applied to the upper electrode 4 while the lower electrode 2 is grounded, a positive electric field is generated in an upward direction, and the upper electrode is grounded when the lower electrode 2 is grounded. When negative voltage (-) is applied to (4), negative electric field is generated in the upward direction. Then, once the ferroelectric layer 3 is polarized, the generation of the electric field is continuously maintained even when the voltages applied to the lower and

upper electrodes

2 and 4 are interrupted.

When a field is generated from the driving means under the cell space, that is, the ferroelectric layer 3 composed of a plurality of partition walls 5, the positive or negatively charged black is filled in the cell space. The white charged particles 6 are aligned above and below.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 can be applied in the same manner to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

6 and 7 are cross-sectional views illustrating a case where the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is applied to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. 6 and 7, the microcapsules 30 and the rotating balls 40 are provided between the upper electrode 4 and the ferroelectric layer 3, respectively. In addition, since the other parts are the same as the above-described embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the parts substantially the same as those in Figs. 3 to 5, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be implemented in various modifications. That is, for example, in the above-described embodiment, an electronic paper that provides a black and white image by configuring one pixel in one cell space is described. However, one pixel is R (Red), G (Green), B ( It is possible to implement a color image through electronic paper by configuring three cells of Blue).

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the structure consisting of the lower electrode 2, the ferroelectric layer 3 and the upper electrode 4 as driving means formed on the lower substrate 1 has been described as an example. Other types of driving means capable of providing an electric field in a predetermined direction to the charged particles or the charged spheres existing between the lower substrate 1 and the upper substrate 7 may be employed in the same manner.

Claims

Lower substrate,

An upper substrate composed of a transparent material,

A plurality of partition walls installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate to form a plurality of cell spaces,

Positive and negatively charged fine particles filled in the cell space,

Electronic paper, characterized in that it is formed in the lower portion of the cell space and provided with a driving means for aligning the positive or negatively charged fine particles to the upper or lower side of the cell space.
Lower substrate,

An upper substrate composed of a transparent material,

A microcapsule installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, the microcapsules having positive or negatively charged microparticles therein;

The electronic paper, characterized in that it is formed on the lower portion of the microcapsule and provided with a driving means for aligning the positive or negatively charged fine particles provided inside the microcapsule to the upper or lower side of the microcapsule.
Lower substrate,

An upper substrate composed of a transparent material,

The rotating ball is installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate and has a circular shape, and the one side hemisphere portion and the other side hemisphere portion of the sphere are charged with different potentials and are colored in different colors;

The electronic paper, characterized in that it is provided on the lower portion of the rotating ball having a drive means for rotationally driving the rotating ball.
Lower substrate,

An upper substrate composed of a transparent material,

A plurality of partition walls installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate to form a plurality of cell spaces,

Positive and negatively charged fine particles filled in the cell space,

It is formed in the lower portion of the cell space and is provided with a ferroelectric layer, and using a ferroelectric material characterized in that it comprises a drive means for aligning the positive or negatively charged fine particles to the upper or lower side of the cell space Electronic paper.
The method of claim 4, wherein

And a lower electrode formed on the lower substrate, a ferroelectric layer formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the ferroelectric layer.
The method according to claim 4 or 5,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is composed of at least one of a ferroelectric inorganic material and a ferroelectric organic material or a mixture of organic materials.
The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is composed of a mixture of ferroelectric material and metal.
The method of claim 7, wherein

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the metal is iron (Fe).
The method of claim 5,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the upper electrode is formed in a direction orthogonal to the lower electrode.
The method of claim 5,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the insulating layer is further provided on the upper electrode.
The method of claim 5,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is formed in the intersection region of the upper electrode and the lower electrode.
The method of claim 5,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is formed on the entire lower substrate is formed on the lower substrate.
The method of claim 4, wherein

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the lower substrate is composed of paper.
The method of claim 4, wherein

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the lower substrate is composed of an organic material.
The method of claim 5,

The lower electrode or the upper electrode is an electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that composed of at least one of a conductive organic material, a mixture of a conductive organic material or a compound.
Lower substrate,

An upper substrate composed of a transparent material,

A microcapsule installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, the microcapsules having positive or negatively charged microparticles therein;

It is formed in the lower portion of the microcapsules and is provided with a ferroelectric layer, and comprising a drive means for aligning the positive or negatively charged fine particles provided inside the microcapsules to the upper or lower side of the microcapsules Featuring electronic paper.
The method of claim 16,

And a lower electrode formed on the lower substrate, a ferroelectric layer formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the ferroelectric layer.
The method according to claim 16 or 17,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is composed of at least one of a ferroelectric inorganic material and a ferroelectric organic material or a mixture of organic materials.
The method according to claim 16 or 17,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is composed of a mixture of ferroelectric material and metal.
The method of claim 19,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the metal is iron (Fe).
The method of claim 17,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the upper electrode is formed in a direction orthogonal to the lower electrode.
The method of claim 17,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is formed in the intersection region of the upper electrode and the lower electrode.
The method of claim 17,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is formed on the entire lower substrate is formed on the lower substrate.
The method of claim 16,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the lower substrate is composed of paper.
The method of claim 16,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the lower substrate is composed of an organic material.
The method of claim 17,

The lower electrode or the upper electrode is an electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that composed of at least one of a conductive organic material, a mixture of a conductive organic material or a compound.
The method of claim 17,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the insulating layer is further provided on the upper electrode.
Lower substrate,

An upper substrate composed of a transparent material,

The rotating ball is installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate and has a circular shape, and the one side hemisphere portion and the other side hemisphere portion of the sphere are charged with different potentials and are colored in different colors;

An electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that formed in the lower portion of the rotating ball and provided with a ferroelectric layer, and comprising a drive means for rotationally driving the rotating ball.
The method of claim 28,

And a lower electrode formed on the lower substrate, a ferroelectric layer formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the ferroelectric layer.
The method of claim 28 or 29, wherein

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is composed of at least one of a ferroelectric inorganic material and a ferroelectric organic material or a mixture of organic materials.
The method of claim 28 or 29, wherein

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is composed of a mixture of ferroelectric material and metal.
The method of claim 31, wherein

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the metal is iron (Fe).
The method of claim 29,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the upper electrode is formed in a direction orthogonal to the lower electrode.
The method of claim 29,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is formed in the intersection region of the upper electrode and the lower electrode.
The method of claim 29,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the ferroelectric layer is formed on the entire lower substrate is formed on the lower substrate.
The method of claim 29,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the insulating layer is further provided on the upper electrode.
The method of claim 28,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the lower substrate is composed of paper.
The method of claim 28,

Electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the lower substrate is composed of an organic material.
The method of claim 29,

The lower electrode or the upper electrode is an electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that composed of at least one of a conductive organic material, a mixture of a conductive organic material or a compound.
In the method of manufacturing the electronic paper,

Preparing a lower substrate;

Forming a lower electrode on the lower substrate;

Forming a ferroelectric layer on the lower electrode;

Forming an upper electrode on the ferroelectric layer,

Forming a cell space by forming a partition on the structure in which the upper electrode is formed;

Filling fine particles in the cell space;

Forming an upper substrate on the upper side of the cell space, characterized in that it comprises a method of manufacturing electronic paper using a ferroelectric material.
The method of claim 40,

The lower substrate is a method of manufacturing electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the paper.
The method of claim 40,

The method of manufacturing an electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the lower substrate is an organic material.
The method of claim 40,

The lower electrode or the upper electrode is a conductive organic material, a method of producing an electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that a mixture or compound of a conductive organic material.
The method of claim 43,

The lower electrode or the upper electrode is a method of manufacturing electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that formed by any one of the method of inkjet, spin coating or screen printing.
The method of claim 40,

Formation of the ferroelectric layer is

Forming a mixture of ferroelectric minerals and ferroelectric organics,

Method for producing an electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that comprising the step of forming a ferroelectric layer using the mixture.
The method of claim 40,

Formation of the ferroelectric layer is

Forming a mixture of ferroelectric minerals and organics,

Method for producing an electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that comprising the step of forming a ferroelectric layer using the mixture.
The method of claim 40,

Formation of the ferroelectric layer is

Mixing the ferroelectric inorganics and the metal to form a mixture,

Method for producing an electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that comprising the step of forming a ferroelectric layer using the mixture.
The method of claim 47,

Method for producing electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that the metal is iron (Fe).
The method of claim 40,

Forming the partition wall is

Forming a photoresist layer on the structure on which the upper electrode is formed;

Curing the photoresist layer;

And etching the portion corresponding to the cell space of the cured photoresist layer.
The method of claim 40,

The method of manufacturing electronic paper using a ferroelectric material, characterized in that it further comprises the step of forming an insulating layer on the upper electrode.
Lower substrate,

An upper substrate composed of a transparent material,

A plurality of partition walls installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate to form a plurality of cell spaces,

Positive and negatively charged fine particles filled in the cell space,

And a ferroelectric layer formed below the cell space and aligning the positive or negatively charged fine particles to the upper side or the lower side of the cell space.
Lower substrate,

An upper substrate composed of a transparent material,

A microcapsule installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, the microcapsules having positive or negatively charged microparticles therein;

Electronic paper, characterized in that formed on the lower portion of the microcapsule and provided with a ferroelectric layer for aligning the positive or negatively charged fine particles provided inside the microcapsule to the upper or lower side of the microcapsule.
Lower substrate,

An upper substrate composed of a transparent material,

The rotating ball is installed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate and has a circular shape, and the one side hemisphere portion and the other side hemisphere portion of the sphere are charged with different potentials and are colored in different colors;

The electronic paper, characterized in that it is provided in the lower portion of the rotating ball having a ferroelectric layer for rotating the rotating ball.