WO2011141203A2

WO2011141203A2 - Terminal contacting assembly for solar modules

Info

Publication number: WO2011141203A2
Application number: PCT/EP2011/053953
Authority: WO
Inventors: Karsten Funk; Martin Zippel
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2010-05-12
Filing date: 2011-03-16
Publication date: 2011-11-17
Also published as: WO2011141203A3; DE102010028907A1; EP2569807A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a terminal contacting assembly for solar modules, comprising a plurality of solar cells connected to form strings, wherein at least the contacts required for terminal contacting are implemented by means of solderable conductive tracks located on the module, and ends of said conductive tracks lead to a contact holder, which is likewise connected to the module. According to the invention, one end of each conductive track interconnected on the solar module is twisted out of the solar module plane in the region of the contact holder and inserted into the contact holder in order to form a male plug contact, wherein a female plug contact forms a complementary mating connector in order to establish an electrical connection to the respective male plug contact.

Description

description

title

The invention relates to a connection contact arrangement for solar modules with a plurality of solar cells connected to strings, wherein at least the contacts required for connection contacting are realized by means of solderable, located on the module interconnects and lead ends of these interconnects to a contact holder, which also with the module is connected, according to the preamble of claim 1.

State of the art

Connection arrangements, in particular connection boxes for photovoltaic modules, are previously known, for example, from DE 102008 057 078 A1. In this solution is based on a junction box, including pre-assembled connection cable, which are in electrical connection with a stamped grid, wherein the lead frame has a conductor track structure which receives electrical or electronic components, in particular bypass diodes. Furthermore, bent sections are present on the stamped grid, which are oriented in a direction deviating from the stamping grid direction, wherein in this orientation direction in the can body openings are present, in which contact means of the photovoltaic module intervene. The bending sections are z. B. formed as a lyre or omega contact clip, which have two opposite, widening in the direction of the module leg and a clamping part. The contact means are taken guided by the legs and contacted by the clamping part. Furthermore, the actual can body, with the exception of the openings, which point in the direction of the module, designed as a closed injection molded part. According to WO 2006/050890, connection units for photovoltaic solar modules belong to the state of the art, there being exposed connecting sections of the conductor track on the module. According to this solution, a connection unit is to be created, which can be quickly connected to the photovoltaic solar module and in which individual parts can be easily exchanged. For this purpose, the solar module is provided with the above-mentioned exposed connection portions of the conductor tracks. The actual connection unit consists of a main body and at least one Einschubgehäuseteil and internal electrical contacts and components. The connection unit itself is arranged sealingly directly on the surface of the solar module. The main body has a recess in which electrical contact elements lying on the inside are designed, arranged and positioned such that they can be contacted with plug-in housings and their individual parts and / or the conductors of the connecting cable via plug connections.

In the German utility model DE 202005018884 IM is a

Junction box for a solar panel shown.

The junction box comprises a housing in which connection means for electrically connecting the solar panels are present. Furthermore, in the

Housing diodes are located, which are electrically connected to the connection means, wherein the diodes are designed as provided with the connection wires components. The connection means comprise a plurality of adjacent metallic contact elements. The contact elements are large-area clamping parts, the diodes each with their

Connecting wires are connected and fixed between two clamping parts. Due to the necessity of the individual Klemmkontaktierungsvorgänge for each diode, the manufacturing cost and effort in completing the junction box is significant and there is a risk that occur due to incorrect contact assignment wiring errors.

From EP 1 442 503 B1, a panel-like electrical module with a flat surface and exposed contactable terminal sections is part of a substantially planar printed conductor structure

Connecting the actual module previously known. In accordance with the requirement that solar power modules are wind and weather resistant and must be used for over 25 years, all electrical transitions must be protected against ingress of moisture. This protection also applies to bypass diodes to be used. According to the cited EP 1 442503 B1, the object to be solved is to make the necessary electrical connections between a connection unit and the solar module not only by simple means, but also mechanically feasible. For this purpose, it is proposed that the means for contacting the connection sections of the module out of the plane of the conductor track structure are curved connection sections which form part of the conductor track structure. The connection sections of the module are in turn rigid and electrical conductor sections that can be bent out of the plane of the conductor track structure of the module.

In summary, the state of the art in solar modules is usually characterized by the presence of junction boxes. The corresponding junction boxes thereby make a connection of the solar cells connected in strings both with each other and with other modules or with the inverter. The junction boxes are usually made of plastic or metal injection molding and contain metallic connectors that contact the strings mentioned and record between them to be switched bypass diodes. At the cans each connecting cable to the next module including the strain relief can be connected.

Disclosure of the invention

From the above, it is therefore an object of the invention to provide a further developed Anschlusskontaktierungsanordnung for solar modules with a plurality of solar cells connected to strings, which can be dispensed with a separate contacting of bypass diodes and a simple direct and unmistakable connection, d. H. Cabling of several modules is possible with each other.

The solution according to the invention is carried out by a Anschlusskontaktierungs- arrangement according to the feature combination according to claim 1, wherein the Subclaims represent at least expedient refinements and developments.

It is therefore of a Anschlusskontaktierungsanordnung for

Solar modules with a plurality of strings connected to solar cells assumed, wherein at least the contacts required for the connection contacts are realized by means of solderable, located on the module interconnects and ends of these, z. As copper interconnects lead to a contact holder, which is also connected to the module. For effective and easy contacting according to the invention in each case one end of the interconnected on the solar module interconnects in the region of

Unscrewed contact holder from the solar module level inserted into the contact holder to form a father plug contact, wherein a mother plug contact as a complementary mating connector part has counter electrodes to make an electrical connection to the respective male connector. With the help of a support body having a cutting edge, the plugging can be facilitated and the contact reliability can be increased.

The entire design can be chosen very flat here, since both the contact holder and the mating connector only serve the electrical connection between the respective Leitbahnenenden and a connection cable and no further space for otherwise necessary bypass diodes is required. Furthermore, according to the invention are required for the operation of the solar module bypass diodes or diode-connected bypass transistors surface or chip mounted with the aforementioned interconnects in electrical connection, wherein the respective interconnect simultaneously forms a heat sink for the heat loss generated during operation.

It can therefore be a direct connection of the bypass diodes with the

Guideways take place at the module level. A discrete assembly and

Contacting with bypass diodes in a separate junction box can be omitted. The contact holder is ausgestaltend at least partially integrated into the solar module, in particular laminated and thereby firmly connected to the module.

The ends of the interconnects that are turned out of the plane of the solar module can intersect in the region of the contact holder without short circuits to form two pairs of male plug contacts. This makes it possible, a mating connector part in two different positions

introduce, so that the wiring of several modules is simplified with each other.

The free ends of the interconnects are, as already mentioned, where they serve the Anschlusskontaktierung, from the plane, d. H. the surface plane of the solar module turned out. In one embodiment with

Short-circuit-free crossing forms a first rotation of the free end of the respective interconnect by about 90 °, a first mating contact for the

complementary plug part. A second turn of about 90 ° forms a crossing section and a third turn of about 90 ° forms a second

Counter contact for the complementary plug part. The first and the second mating contact are formed laterally offset, wherein the crossing sections are flat and spaced and therefore isolated from each other over each other.

In one embodiment, it is possible to prefabricate the installation side a wired chain of mating connectors, according to the particular arrangement, number and design of the solar modules to be connected. Hereby, the corresponding predetermined number of solar modules can then be interconnected and connected to the inverter. In a further development of the invention, at least one of

Mating connector record a protection or module disconnect circuit to interrupt in case of failure, the current flow, in the area before

Infeed to the inverter. In a further embodiment, it is possible to provide an intermediate plug, which comprises a father plug contact pair and a mother plug contact pair, which are arranged on opposite sides of the intermediate plug, wherein in relation to the solar module function optimizing circuit or such electronic components can be arranged in the intermediate plug.

The respective mating connector part can be fixed to the solar module with a securing clip, which can also be made flat and which has elastic properties, so that at the same time a strain relief is effected. In a concretization of this inventive concept z. B. on the side of the solar module, on which there are or the contact holder, the contact holder spaced tabs arranged in the

Engage the locking tabs of the securing bracket. drawings

The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment and with the aid of figures. Hereby show:

Fig. 1 shows a basic electrical interconnection of solar cells in

Strings with bypass diodes integrated on module level according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a plastic-coated contact holder with two opposite father contact pairs; FIG.

Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the mating connector part with female plug contacts and lateral connection cables;

Fig. 4 shows a basic design of the free ends of the interconnects, once superscript as a mating contact to

Plug contact and designed as non-contact junction of the tracks and second contact for use in a Contact holder according to FIG. 2 before the encapsulation or the lamination;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 4 with short-circuit-free crossing of the interconnects, executed and used in the contact holder shown with

Housing of FIG. 2;

Fig. 6 shows a basic interconnection of a chain of

Mating parts and their equivalent circuit diagram (lower part of the picture);

Fig. 7 top view and side view of both sides of the contact holder attached tabs for fixing a

Securing bracket according to FIG. 8 and

Fig. 8 top view and side view of an embodiment of a flat formed securing bracket with locking lugs or locking tongues, which are inserted into the tabs of FIG.

The illustration according to FIG. 1 shows a basic electrical connection of individual solar cells 1 to strings (string 1 to 3) at the module level, the contacts required for connection contacting being realized by means of solderable conductor tracks 2 located on the module.

In the interconnects 2, which consist for example of a flat, band-shaped copper material, bypass diodes 3 are integrated.

Ends of the interconnects 2 are in the region of the contact holder to be attached (not shown) by turning superscript, in section 4. These twisted in section 4 raised ends of the interconnects are then fixed by the contact holder (see Fig. 2) and mechanically embedded, namely in such a way that a mating connector part (FIG. 3) makes electrical contact possible. Due to the arrangement of the bypass diodes 3 in the immediate vicinity and at least partially on the respective interconnect 2, the latter form a heat sink for the resulting heat loss. Moreover, the interconnects 2 accommodating the bypass diodes 3 are spatially remote from the actual solar cells 1, so that the resulting heat does not reach the cells and their efficiency is reduced by increasing the temperature. As can be seen from the schematic illustration according to FIG. 1, the quantities of heat generated by the bypass diodes 3 can be efficiently distributed over a very large area.

This, together with integrated bypass diodes 3 and embedded contact holder. 5

(See Fig. 2) provided solar module can be connected to a simple counter-plug chain.

This counter-plug chain consists of a cable 6 preferably molded half shell-shaped mating connector parts (see Fig. 3) with corresponding nut-plug contacts 7, which are formed to match the father-plug contacts 8 of the contact holder 5.

In this case, the mating connector is designed so that it can be plugged exactly onto the contact holder 5, wherein the contact holder can be designed so that the mating connector can be positioned in two different directions. In both orientations, z. B. 0 ° - or 180 ° orientation, a correct interconnection of the solar module is ensured, by the cross-over of the interconnects shown in Figures 4 and 5 in the embedded contact holder. 5

(Figure 5). As can be seen from Figure 4, the interconnects of the cross connector are rotated three times at their free ends, so that a non-contact crossover 9 can be reached. According to the illustration according to FIG. 4, the interconnect 2 crosses from the top left, while the interconnect 2 is made below from the top right.

By the mentioned sectionwise 90 ° twist results in a first mating contact 10 and by a further rotation behind the crossing section 9, a second mating contact 11. The corresponding first and second mating contacts 10 and 11 are then taken from the contact module 5, wherein openings 12 for upright guided and as father plug contacts 7 Serving interconnects contacting the mother plug contacts of the mating connector are available.

According to Figures 2 and 5, therefore, the contact holder 5 twice two openings 12 with raised conductive paths as Klemmkontaktgegenstück, while the preferred half-shell-shaped mating connector 13 has only two mother contacts.

If necessary, a seal may be provided in the context of the mating connector 13, so that unused openings 12 are closed in the contact holder 5 and thus protected from environmental influences.

According to FIG. 6, the individual mating connectors 13 are connected in series in the necessary number corresponding to the individual solar modules. Here, as a special advantage, a customer-specific cable set can be made exactly to the cable length provided in the special product. This results in the advantage for the installer that he laid the cables during system installation after mechanical fixation of the modules in the quasi-final step, connects the inverter to the chain and connects the mating connector to the solar modules. With the connection of the last solar module, the circuit closes and the solar system can generate electrical energy in incident sunlight. The electrical equivalent circuit formation of the chain of mating connectors 13 is shown in the lower illustration of FIG.

The series connection of the mating connector 13 makes it possible to provide an additional connector and, as it were, to loop it into the circuit. This additional mating connector can record a protection circuit, which only when a release signal, z. B. via a switching device closes the circuit. This protection circuit can also selectively separate the respective circuit in case of maintenance or in case of failure, z. B. building fire, switch off the system selectively de-energized by switching off the enable signal.

Due to the electrical interconnection of the mating connector chain, it is also possible to switch between protective circuits or electronic optimization modules which are modularly adapted to the geometry of the embedded contact holder.

These electronic modules are then constructively realized as superimposed building blocks, so that the top corresponds to a module contact holder, while the underside is designed to be complementary to the mating connector. This also results in the possibility of combining an optimization module with a protection circuit, although by such an adapter plug solution.

As shown in FIG. 7, the connection contact arrangement shown can also comprise a simple way of strain relief and fixation of the mating connector 13 to the respective contact holder 5. Thus, it is possible to form on both sides spaced from the contact holder 5 tabs 15 or corresponding eyelets.

The tabs 15 have a receiving slot 16 for a locking nose or locking tongue 17, which is part of a locking plate or securing bracket 18. The securing bracket 18 may be made of a resilient material and has a pressure plate 19, which secures the mating connector 13 (see FIG. 8).

With the solution according to the embodiment, an integration of bypass diodes into the respective solar module succeeds first. The wiring is done in the form that the solar modules can be connected directly unmistakable, with the selected type of Anschlusskontaktierungsanordnung in this additional assemblies, eg. B. formed as an adapter, can be integrated. Cabling with mating connectors can be be delivered ready-made to reduce the installation work on site. In addition, the strain relief can be carried out in a simple manner.

Claims

claims

1. Anschlusskontaktierungsanordnung for solar modules with a plurality of solar cells connected to strings, wherein at least the contacts required for Anschlusskontaktierung are realized by means of solderable, located on the module interconnects and lead ends of these interconnects to a contact holder, which also with the

Module is connected,

characterized in that

in each case one end of the interconnected on the solar module conductive tracks in the region of the contact holder from the solar module level lead out into the contact holder to form a father plug contact, wherein a nut plug contact forms a complementary mating connector to make an electrical connection to the respective male connector.

2. Arrangement according to claim 1,

characterized in that

Bypass diodes required for the operation of the solar module or bypass transistors connected as diodes are surface-or chip-mounted in electrical connection with the interconnects, wherein the respective interconnect simultaneously forms a heat sink for the heat loss arising during operation.

3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized in that

the contact holder is at least partially integrated into the solar module, in particular laminated.

4. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 3,

characterized in that the ends of the respective interconnects turned out of the plane of the solar module cross in the region of the contact holder in a short-circuit-free manner in order to form two pairs of male plug contacts.

Arrangement according to claim 4,

characterized in that

a first rotation of the free end of the respective interconnect by about 90 °, a first mating contact for the complementary plug part, a second rotation of about 90 °, an intersection and a third rotation of about 90 ° forms a second mating contact for the complementary plug part.

Arrangement according to claim 5,

characterized in that

the first and the second counter-contact are laterally offset.

Arrangement according to claim 4, 5 and 6,

characterized in that

the crossing sections lie flat and spaced one above the other.

Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7,

characterized in that

On the installation side a wired chain of mating connectors is prefabricated and hereby a predetermined number of solar modules with each other and with an inverter can be connected.

Arrangement according to claim 8,

characterized in that

one of the mating connectors receives a protection or Modulabtrennschaltung.

Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized in that

at least one intermediate connector is provided, which comprises a male and female contact pair and a male-female contact pair, wherein in Intermediate plug one related to the solar module

function optimizing circuit or such electronic

Components are included.

11. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 10,

characterized in that

the respective mating connector part of a securing bracket with elastic properties on the solar module can be fixed.