WO2011132612A1 - 液体金属冷却型原子炉及びその除熱方法 - Google Patents
液体金属冷却型原子炉及びその除熱方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011132612A1 WO2011132612A1 PCT/JP2011/059393 JP2011059393W WO2011132612A1 WO 2011132612 A1 WO2011132612 A1 WO 2011132612A1 JP 2011059393 W JP2011059393 W JP 2011059393W WO 2011132612 A1 WO2011132612 A1 WO 2011132612A1
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- liquid metal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C1/00—Reactor types
- G21C1/02—Fast fission reactors, i.e. reactors not using a moderator ; Metal cooled reactors; Fast breeders
- G21C1/03—Fast fission reactors, i.e. reactors not using a moderator ; Metal cooled reactors; Fast breeders cooled by a coolant not essentially pressurised, e.g. pool-type reactors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C13/00—Pressure vessels; Containment vessels; Containment in general
- G21C13/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/12—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from pressure vessel; from containment vessel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor using liquid metal as a coolant and a heat removal method thereof.
- a liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor In a liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor, it is necessary to stop the fission reaction in fuel and reach a low temperature state in order to cope with an emergency in operation or to perform maintenance and inspection.
- the reactor In general, the reactor is shut down by inserting a reactor stop rod into the core and taking away neutrons that cause fission from the fuel.
- the residual decay heat continues to be generated from the core for a certain period of time, so the temperature of the liquid metal coolant in the reactor vessel does not decrease rapidly. Therefore, in order to perform some work after the reactor shutdown, it is necessary to quickly dissipate this residual decay heat.
- This liquid metal coolant and the adjacent furnace structure have a large heat capacity, which helps to dissipate the residual decay heat.
- the residual decay heat accumulated in the liquid metal coolant is transferred from the reactor vessel to the containment vessel, and is discharged outside by a passive cooling system (RVACS) using air as a working fluid.
- RVACS passive cooling system
- the heat generated during the normal operation of the reactor and the residual decay heat generated when the reactor is shut down are passively cooled by radiation in the gap between the reactor vessel and the containment vessel, and heat conduction and convection of the enclosed inert gas. Is communicated to the system (RVACS).
- RVACS system
- the heat transfer in the gap between the reactor vessel and the containment vessel has a small contribution of heat conduction and convection, and radiation is dominant.
- the outer wall of the reactor vessel and the inner wall of the containment vessel are processed so as to obtain a high emissivity so that the heat transfer efficiency by radiation is increased.
- the present invention has been made in order to increase the efficiency of heat dissipation of a passive cooling system (RVACS), and an object thereof is to provide a liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor having a high heat removal capability and a heat removal method therefor.
- a reactor vessel that holds a core and its coolant, a containment vessel that surrounds the outside of the reactor vessel, and an air flow that removes heat by flowing air to the outside of the containment vessel
- a passage and an injection part for injecting a filler into a gap between the reactor vessel and the containment vessel A passage and an injection part for injecting a filler into a gap between the reactor vessel and the containment vessel.
- a step of injecting filler into a gap between a reactor core and a reactor vessel holding the coolant and a containment vessel surrounding the reactor vessel, and air outside the containment vessel And a step of removing heat by flowing.
- a filler having a good thermal conductivity such as liquid metal is injected into the gap between the reactor vessel and the containment vessel, thereby increasing the temperature of the outer wall of the containment vessel, and the passive cooling system (RVACS).
- RVACS passive cooling system
- FIG. 1 is a structural cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor according to the present invention. It is operation
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing the modification of a 1st embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing other modifications of a 1st embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a structural cross-sectional view of a liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor according to a second embodiment. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. 5A.
- the liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor 10 of the first embodiment (hereinafter simply referred to as “reactor”) includes a reactor core 22 that holds a reactor core 11 and its coolant L, and an atomic reactor.
- the containment vessel 23 that surrounds the outside of the reactor vessel 22, the injection portion 30 that injects the filler T into the gap D between the reactor vessel 22 and the containment vessel 23, and the heat is removed by flowing air to the outside of the containment vessel 23.
- the reactor vessel 22, the containment vessel 23, the injection part 30, and the air flow path U are formed inside a concrete silo 25 embedded in the ground.
- the reactor vessel 22 and the containment vessel 23 are supported on the lower surface side of the support plate 21 at the upper opening.
- the containment vessel 23 surrounds the core 11 with the reactor vessel 22 in a double manner, and even if the inner reactor vessel 22 is damaged and the coolant L leaks, the liquid level is secured, and the reactor core 11 It is intended to prevent exposure and airing.
- Driving units 14 and 16 for driving the neutron reflector 12 and the furnace stop rod 15 are arranged on the upper surface side of the support plate 21, and the upper side thereof is covered with the top dome 41.
- a neutron reflector 12 suspended by a wire 13 is annularly arranged outside the core 11, and moves up and down along the outer periphery of the core 11 by a drive unit 14.
- the neutron reflector 12 adjusts neutrons emitted from the core 11 and controls the fission reaction.
- this neutron reflector 12 is raised from the bottom side of the core 11 toward the head side, fast neutrons emitted from the core 11 are decelerated by the neutron reflector 12 and returned to the core 11 as thermal neutrons.
- the core 11 absorbs the thermal neutrons to maintain the fission chain reaction and continuously outputs thermal energy.
- the reactor stop rod 15 is moved up and down by the drive unit 16 and is inserted into the reactor core 11 to absorb thermal neutrons and interfere with the fission chain reaction, thereby stopping the reactor 10.
- the coolant L is a liquid metal such as liquid sodium, and an inert gas is sealed between the liquid surface filled in the reactor vessel 22 and the support plate 21.
- the coolant L circulates in the reactor vessel 22 from the outside to the inside of the cylindrical partition wall 17 by the driving force of the electromagnetic pump 18, and recovers thermal energy from the core 11 that generates heat.
- the coolant L is cooled by exchanging heat with the secondary coolant flowing in the secondary coolant flow pipe (not shown) in the intermediate heat exchanger 19. Then, the cooled coolant L is increased in pressure by the electromagnetic pump 18 again, descends outside the partition wall 17, turns back at the lower end portion of the partition wall 17, rises inside, and receives heat supply from the core 11. .
- RVACS Reactor Vessel Air Cooling System
- the air flowing through the air flow path U is taken from the introduction path 27, descends along the outer surface of the flow guide plate 26, then turns back at the lower end thereof, and rises along the inner surface of the flow guide plate 26. Then, heat is taken from the outer surface of the storage container 23 and discharged from the discharge path 28 to the atmosphere.
- the injection unit 30 includes a pressurization unit 31, a heater 32, a liquid storage unit 35, and a communication path 36. After the reactor core 11 is stopped, the injection section 30 configured in this way injects the filler T into the gap D between the reactor vessel 22 and the containment vessel 23 to thereby provide thermal conductivity between the reactor vessel 22 and the containment vessel 23. And the heat removal efficiency in the above RVACS of the generated decay heat is improved.
- the liquid reservoir 35 is configured with a capacity larger than the capacity of the gap D, and accommodates the filler T at a level lower than the bottom surface of the coolant L.
- the filler T can be applied as long as it has a liquid or gas state at the ultimate temperature of the reactor vessel 22 and the containment vessel 23 and has a high thermal conductivity.
- the filler T is a low melting point metal. Examples thereof include solder (alloy of lead and tin), woods metal (alloy of bismuth, lead, tin, and cadmium), indium, and the like.
- the filler T When these low melting point metals are used as the filler T, the filler T is heated by the heater 32 and maintained in a molten state so as not to solidify in the liquid reservoir 35.
- the pressurizing unit 31 is configured by a piston that moves in the horizontal direction from the end of the liquid reservoir 35 toward the opening of the communication path 36. As shown in FIG. 2, the pressurizing unit 31 pressurizes the filler T and guides the filler T in the liquid reservoir 35 to the gap D via the communication path 36.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
- the piston of the pressurizing unit 31 is returned to the original outer position by the reverse operation, and the filler T injected into the gap D is returned to the inside of the liquid reservoir 35.
- the partial cross section of FIG. 4A shows a modification of the first embodiment.
- the pressurizing unit 33 is constituted by a piston that moves in the vertical direction from the lower end of the liquid reservoir 35 toward the opening of the communication passage 36.
- the pressurizing unit 33 pressurizes the filler T in the vertical direction and guides the filler T melted by the heater 32 inside the liquid reservoir 35 to the gap D through the communication path 36.
- the piston of the pressure unit 33 is returned to the original lower position by the reverse operation, and the filler T injected into the gap D is returned to the inside of the liquid reservoir 35.
- the partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 4B shows another modification of the first embodiment.
- the communication path 36 is composed of a plurality (three in the figure).
- FIG. 5B shows a BB cross-sectional view of FIG. 5A.
- FIG. 5A and 5B the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description is omitted by using the already described description.
- the circulation path 43 of the refrigerant W for cooling the filler T heated by the injection part 30 in the gap D and heated is formed.
- One or a plurality (four in the drawing) of the circulation path 43 is arranged in the liquid reservoir 35 so as not to interfere with the operation of the pressurizing unit 31.
- water, air, or the like is appropriately employed as the refrigerant W, and is circulated by a pump 46 provided in the circulation path 43 to remove heat from the heated filler T.
- a tank 42 in which the refrigerant W is stored is disposed in the circulation path 43, and charging is performed by supplying the refrigerant W to the liquid reservoir 35 and operating the stop valve 45 disposed in the vicinity thereof.
- the material T is removed from heat.
- the refrigerant W whose temperature has been raised is cooled by a radiator 44 that is also arranged in the circulation path 43.
- the transmitted decay heat reaches the liquid reservoir 35 via the communication path 36. Therefore, the heating by the heater 32 is stopped, the flow stop valve 45 is opened, and the refrigerant W is supplied from the tank 42 to the liquid reservoir 35. Thereby, the function of RVACS can be supported and the heat removal effect of decay heat can be further improved.
- the injection unit 50 includes a liquid reservoir 51 that contains the filler T at a level higher than the upper surface of the coolant L, a communication passage 53 that communicates the liquid reservoir 51 and the gap D, and a filler.
- the heater 55 which heats T and maintains a molten state, and the flow stop valve 52 of the filler T in the communicating path 53 are comprised.
- one end of the communication path 53 is connected to the storage container 23.
- a drainage part 37 for discharging T (see FIG. 7) is provided (see FIG. 8).
- a flow stop valve 54 for the filler T is provided in the path 24 connecting the gap D and the drainage part 37.
- the injection unit 50 is configured to have a larger capacity than the capacity of the gap D above the silo 25, and the filling material T is held in the liquid reservoir 51 (see FIG. 6).
- the flow stop valve 52 is opened, the filler T held in the liquid reservoir 51 falls by gravity and is injected into the gap D through the communication path 53 (see FIG. 7).
- the flow stop valve 54 is opened, and the filler T injected into the gap D is discharged to the drainage part 37 (see FIG. 8).
- the injection part 50 is configured to have a larger capacity than the capacity of the gap D above the silo 25, and the filling material T is held in the liquid storage part 51 (see FIG. 9).
- the flow stop valve 54 is opened, the filler T held in the liquid reservoir 51 falls by gravity and is injected into the gap D via the communication path 56 (see FIG. 10).
- the flow stop valve 57 is opened and the filler T injected into the gap D is discharged to the drainage part 37 (see FIG. 11).
- the injection part 50 includes a return path 59 for returning the filler T in the drainage part 37 to the liquid reservoir 51. Further, a pressurizing unit 31 for pushing out the filler T discharged to the drainage unit 37 toward the return path 59 is provided.
- the process of injecting the filler T into the gap D in the fifth embodiment is the same as that in the fourth embodiment referred to in FIG. Further, the process of discharging the filler T in the gap D to the drainage part 37 after the decay heat removal is completed is the same as in the case of the fourth embodiment referred to in FIG.
- the flow stop valve 58 of the return path 59 is opened and the piston of the pressurizing part 31 is operated to move the filler T to the return path 59. Push it out (see FIG. 14). Then, the filler T is collected in the liquid reservoir 51 against the gravity by the pump 46 provided in the return path 59.
- the filler T such as a low melting point metal is injected into the gap D between the reactor vessel 22 and the containment vessel 23, thereby having an excellent heat removal capability.
- a liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor capable of recovering the filler T is provided.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately modified and implemented within the scope of the common technical idea.
- the removal of decay heat has exemplified that the air outside the containment vessel is made to flow by natural convection, but is not limited to this. Forcibly flowing or combining with other heat removal means There is also.
- radiator, 46 Pump, 53,56 ... Communication passage, 45,52,54,57,58 ... Stop valve, 55 ... Heater, 59 ... Return path, D ... Gap, L ... Coolant, T ... Filler, U ... Air Channel, W ... refrigerant.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、原子炉停止後も、ある一定時間は残留崩壊熱が炉心から発生し続けるため、原子炉容器内の液体金属冷却材の温度は、速やかには低下しない。従って、原子炉停止後に何らかの作業を行うためには、この残留崩壊熱を早急に消散させる必要がある。
一方において、原子炉容器及び格納容器の間隙における熱伝達は、熱伝導や対流の寄与は小さく輻射が支配的であると考えられている。このために、輻射による熱伝達効率が増大するように、原子炉容器の外側壁及び格納容器の内側壁は、高輻射率が得られるように処理されている。
本発明は、受動冷却システム(RVACS)の徐熱効率を高めるためになされたものであり、除熱能力の高い液体金属冷却型原子炉及びその除熱方法を提供することを目的とする。
液体金属冷却型原子炉の除熱方法において、炉心及びその冷却材を保持する原子炉容器とその外側を取り囲む格納容器との間隙に充填材を注入する工程と、前記格納容器の外側に空気を流動させて除熱を行う工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。
以下、本発明の実施形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。
図1に示すように、第1実施形態の液体金属冷却型原子炉10は、(以下、単に「原子炉」という)は、炉心11及びその冷却材Lを保持する原子炉容器22と、原子炉容器22の外側を取り囲む格納容器23と、原子炉容器22及び格納容器23の間隙Dに充填材Tを注入する注入部30と、格納容器23の外側に空気を流動させて除熱を行う空気流路Uと、を備えている。
そして、これら原子炉容器22、格納容器23、注入部30及び空気流路Uは、地中に埋設されているコンクリート製のサイロ25の内部に形成されている。
そして、支持板21の上面側には、中性子反射体12及び炉停止棒15をそれぞれ駆動させる駆動部14,16が配置され、さらにその上側がトップドーム41により覆われている。
そして、中性子反射体12は、炉心11から放出される中性子を調整し核分裂反応を制御する。この中性子反射体12を炉心11の底部側から頭部側に向って上昇させると、炉心11から放出される高速中性子は中性子反射体12で減速され、熱中性子となって炉心11に戻される。そして、炉心11は、この熱中性子を吸収して核分裂の連鎖反応を持続させ、連続的に熱エネルギーを出力する。
炉停止棒15は、駆動部16により上下方向に移動し、炉心11に挿入されることにより熱中性子を吸収して核分裂の連鎖反応を妨害し、原子炉10を停止させるものである。
そして、冷却材Lは、電磁ポンプ18の駆動力によって円筒状の隔壁17の外側から内側に向かって原子炉容器22の内部を循環し、発熱する炉心11から熱エネルギーを回収する。そして、冷却材Lは、中間熱交換器19において二次側冷却材通流配管(図示略)を流動する二次冷却材と熱交換して冷却される。
そして、冷却された冷却材Lは、再び電磁ポンプ18で昇圧されて隔壁17の外側を下降し、隔壁17の下端部で折り返しその内側を上昇して炉心11で熱供給を受けるといった循環を繰り返す。
このRVACSは、格納容器23の外表面と、サイロ25の内表面と、円筒形の導流板26と、から形成される空気流路Uに空気が自然対流して除熱を行うものである。
このように構成される注入部30は、炉心11の停止後、原子炉容器22及び格納容器23の間隙Dに充填材Tを注入して原子炉容器22及び格納容器23の間の熱伝導性を向上させ、発生した崩壊熱の上記したRVACSにおける除熱効率を向上させるものである。
加圧部31は、液溜部35の内部をその端部から連通路36の開口の方向に向かって水平方向に移動するピストンで構成される。
そして、図2に示されるように、加圧部31は、充填材Tを加圧して連通路36を経由して液溜部35内部の充填材Tを間隙Dに導く。
また、崩壊熱の除熱が終了したところで、逆動作により、加圧部31のピストンを元の外側の位置まで戻し、間隙Dに注入された充填材Tを液溜部35の内部に戻す。
この変形例において加圧部33は、液溜部35の内部をその下端部から連通路36の開口の方向に向かって垂直方向に移動するピストンにより構成されている。
この加圧部33は、充填材Tを垂直方向に加圧して連通路36を経由して液溜部35内部のヒータ32で溶融状態にされた充填材Tを間隙Dに導く。
また、崩壊熱の除熱が終了したところで、逆動作により、加圧部33のピストンを元の下側の位置まで戻し、間隙Dに注入された充填材Tを液溜部35の内部に戻す。
この変形例において連通路36は、複数(図では三本)で構成されている。
これにより、複数の連通路36のうちいずれかにおいて、仮に低融点金属である充填材Tが固化して閉塞した場合においても、他の連通路36において充填材Tを間隙Dに注入することができる。
次に図5A及び図5Bに基づいて本発明の第2実施形態を説明する。ここで図5Bは、図5AのB-B断面図を示している。
なお、図5A及び図5Bにおいて図1と同一又は相当する部分は、同一符号で示し、すでにした記載を援用して、詳細な説明を省略する。
ここで冷媒Wは、水や空気等が適宜採用され、循環路43に設けられたポンプ46により循環して、昇温した充填材Tの除熱を行う。
これにより、RVACSの機能をサポートして崩壊熱の除熱効果をさらに向上させることができる。
次に図6、図7、図8に基づいて本発明の第3実施形態を説明する。なお、これら図面において図1と同一又は相当する部分は、同一符号で示し、すでにした記載を援用して、詳細な説明を省略する。
この第3実施形態において注入部50は、充填材Tを冷却材Lの上面よりも高いレベルで収容する液溜部51と、液溜部51及び間隙Dを連通する連通路53と、充填材Tを加熱して溶融状態を維持するヒータ55と、連通路53における充填材Tの流止弁52とから構成されている。
そして、第3実施形態において連通路53の一端は、格納容器23に接続されている。
そして、崩壊熱の除熱が終了したところで流止弁54を開いて間隙Dに注入された充填材Tを排液部37に排出する(図8参照)。
次に図9、図10、図11に基づいて本発明の第4実施形態を説明する。なお、これら図面において図6と同一又は相当する部分は、同一符号で示し、すでにした記載を援用して、詳細な説明を省略する。
この第4実施形態において、液溜部51及び間隙Dを連通する連通路56の一端は、間隙D及び排液部37を結ぶ経路24に接続されている。
そして、崩壊熱の除熱が終了したところで流止弁57を開いて間隙Dに注入された充填材Tを排液部37に排出する(図11参照)。
次に図12,図13,図14に基づいて本発明の第5実施形態を説明する。なお、この図面において図9と同一又は相当する部分は、同一符号で示し、すでにした記載を援用して、詳細な説明を省略する。
この第5実施形態において注入部50は、排液部37における充填材Tを液溜部51に戻す返還路59を備える。さらに、排液部37に排出された充填材Tをこの返還路59に向けて押し出すための加圧部31が設けられている。
そして、排液部37に充填材Tが排出されると(図13参照)、返還路59の流止弁58が開くとともに加圧部31のピストンが動作して充填材Tを返還路59に向けて押し出す(図14参照)。そして、返還路59に設けられたポンプ46により重力に逆らって充填材Tが液溜部51に回収される。
例えば、崩壊熱の除去は、格納容器の外側の空気を自然対流により流動させることを例示したが、これに限定されることはなく、強制流動させたり、他の除熱手段と組み合わせたりする場合もある。
Claims (9)
- 炉心及びその冷却材を保持する原子炉容器と、
前記原子炉容器の外側を取り囲む格納容器と、
前記格納容器の外側に空気を流動させて除熱を行う空気流路と、
前記原子炉容器及び前記格納容器の間隙に充填材を注入する注入部と、を備えることを特徴とする液体金属冷却型原子炉。 - 請求項1に記載の液体金属冷却型原子炉において、
前記注入部は、
前記充填材を前記冷却材の底面よりも低いレベルで収容する液溜部と、前記液溜部及び前記間隙を連通する連通路と、前記充填材を加熱して溶融状態を維持するヒータと、前記充填材を加圧して前記液溜部から前記間隙に導く加圧部と、を有することを特徴とする液体金属冷却型原子炉。 - 請求項2に記載の液体金属冷却型原子炉において、
前記連通路は、単数又は複数で構成され、
前記加圧部は、前記液溜部の内部をその端部から前記連通路の開口の方向に向かって水平方向又は垂直方向に移動するピストンであることを特徴とする液体金属冷却型原子炉。 - 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の液体金属冷却型原子炉において、
前記注入部は、前記間隙において加熱された前記充填材を冷却するための冷媒循環路が形成されていることを特徴とする液体金属冷却型原子炉。 - 請求項1に記載の液体金属冷却型原子炉において、
前記注入部は、
前記充填材を前記冷却材の上面よりも高いレベルで収容する液溜部と、前記液溜部及び前記間隙を連通する連通路と、前記充填材を加熱して溶融状態を維持するヒータと、前記連通路に設けられる前記充填材の流止弁と、を有することを特徴とする液体金属冷却型原子炉。 - 請求項5に記載の液体金属冷却型原子炉において、
前記間隙に充填された前記充填材を前記冷却材の下面よりも低いレベルで排出させる排液部と、前記間隙及び前記排液部を結ぶ経路に設けられる前記充填材の流止弁と、を備えることを特徴とする液体金属冷却型原子炉。 - 請求項6に記載の液体金属冷却型原子炉において、
前記連通路は、前記経路を経由して前記間隙に連通することを特徴とする液体金属冷却型原子炉。 - 請求項6又は請求項7に記載の液体金属冷却型原子炉において、
前記排液部における前記充填材を前記液溜部に戻す返還路を備えることを特徴とする液体金属冷却型原子炉。 - 炉心及びその冷却材を保持する原子炉容器とその外側を取り囲む格納容器との間隙に充填材を注入する工程と、
前記格納容器の外側に空気を流動させて除熱を行う工程と、を含むことを特徴とする液体金属冷却型原子炉の除熱方法。
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