WO2011116522A1 - 鞭状双频天线 - Google Patents

鞭状双频天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011116522A1
WO2011116522A1 PCT/CN2010/071272 CN2010071272W WO2011116522A1 WO 2011116522 A1 WO2011116522 A1 WO 2011116522A1 CN 2010071272 W CN2010071272 W CN 2010071272W WO 2011116522 A1 WO2011116522 A1 WO 2011116522A1
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Prior art keywords
radiator
frequency
dual
whip
antenna
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PCT/CN2010/071272
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘朋
郭羲祥
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海能达通信股份有限公司
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Application filed by 海能达通信股份有限公司 filed Critical 海能达通信股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2010/071272 priority Critical patent/WO2011116522A1/zh
Priority to EP10848184.7A priority patent/EP2551957A4/en
Priority to US13/636,641 priority patent/US20130009840A1/en
Publication of WO2011116522A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011116522A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/48—Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
    • H01Q9/36—Vertical arrangement of element with top loading

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly to a whip dual frequency antenna.
  • an antenna for transmitting and receiving radio waves to transmit radio signals is undoubtedly one of the most important components.
  • the antenna should not only be thin and light, but also preferably operate in dual frequency and have a wider frequency band.
  • handheld terminal devices usually have multiple frequency bands to implement multiple functions or auxiliary functions, such as mobile phone global mobile communication systems (Global System) For mobile Communications, GSM) and digital cellular system DCS required frequency band (GSM+DCS), walkie-talkie ultra-high frequency (UHF) and global positioning system frequency (Global Positioning System, GPS), etc.
  • GSM mobile phone global mobile communication systems
  • GSM+DCS digital cellular system DCS required frequency band
  • UHF walkie-talkie ultra-high frequency
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the corresponding antenna is also dual-frequency or multi-frequency.
  • the dual-frequency antennas in the prior art mostly adopt dual-frequency antennas with double-vibrator structure, and are mostly used in the design of mobile phone antennas.
  • the design idea is to draw two different lengths of radiation vibrators at the feed points to respectively generate resonances of different frequencies.
  • the prior art also generally adopts a dual-frequency antenna with a partial resonant structure.
  • the partial resonant structure generally designs a higher frequency band with different structural parameters. As shown in FIG. 1, the entire antenna oscillator generates a frequency, and the high-frequency resonance is performed. It is generated by the part of the spiral with different parameters. For example, in the early mobile phone antenna, the DCS frequency band was generally placed at the bottom of the coil for processing.
  • external dual-frequency antennas are mostly realized by a partially resonant structure, which is realized by a spiral structure, that is, a double-pitch helical antenna, which places a high-frequency resonance part at the bottom of the coil, and which together with another part constitutes a lower frequency.
  • Resonance for the external dual-band antenna of the walkie-talkie, it is the working mode of the UHF+GPS band.
  • the GPS resonating part is placed at the bottom of the spiral to form a resonance, as shown in FIG. 2, the design is for the GPS band.
  • the performance of the antenna is more concentrated in the lower hemisphere.
  • the upper hemisphere (the part pointing to the sky) required by GPS has poor performance and is not suitable for professional GPS performance and functional positioning of professional terminal equipment. And this design is narrower for the UHF band due to the influence of the GPS band.
  • the existing UHF+GPS external dual-band antenna solves the performance of the antenna GPS band, and the GPS resonating part is placed on the top of the antenna coil, as shown in FIG. 3, so as to form an upward concentrated GPS receiving performance, when the UHF frequency is about
  • the performance of the GPS will reach a relatively poor state, which is determined by the special frequency band relationship and cannot be avoided.
  • UHF is in the local oscillator mode, that is, the total length of the coil is about half of the resonant wavelength, and the length of the top GPS is also about half of the wavelength. Therefore, the performance of the GPS is greatly affected by the UHF band.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a whip-like dual-frequency antenna for the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, so that the antenna performance of the dual-band antenna in the GPS band is better concentrated on the upper hemisphere, achieving better performance. GPS performance without affecting UHF performance.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: constructing a whip dual-frequency antenna, comprising a radiator connected to a host through a feeding point of a host, wherein the radiator includes a first resonance for generating a linear first radiator, the top of the first radiator being provided with a second radiator for generating a second resonance higher than the first radiator.
  • the whip dual-frequency antenna according to the present invention wherein the total length of the second radiator is 1/4 to 1/2 of the second resonance wavelength of the second radiator .
  • the second radiator is in the same direction as the upper current of the first radiator, and the working length of the second radiator is superposed on the two half-wave oscillators.
  • the total length of the first radiator is 1/2 of the first resonance wavelength.
  • the whip dual-frequency antenna of the present invention wherein the first radiator uses a whip antenna.
  • the whip dual-frequency antenna of the present invention wherein the second radiator uses a GPS resonant coil.
  • the whip dual-frequency antenna embodying the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by adding a second radiator having a higher resonance frequency at the top of the first radiator, the length of the second resonance frequency model is increased, so that it is affected by the UHF band variation. It will become smaller, so that the antenna performance of the dual-band antenna in the GPS band is better concentrated on the upper hemisphere, achieving better GPS gain performance without affecting the UHF effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art dual-frequency antenna structure using a partial resonant structure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an external dual-frequency antenna in which a GPS resonating portion is placed at the bottom of a spiral in the prior art;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an external dual-frequency antenna in which a GPS resonating portion is placed on top of a spiral in the prior art;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a whip dual frequency antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a pattern diagram of a simulation result of a UHF band of a whip dual-frequency antenna of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a diagram showing the gain pattern of the loaded whip antenna of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a second diagram of the gain whip antenna gain pattern of the present invention.
  • the whip dual-frequency antenna structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 5, and includes a radiator connected to the host through a feeding point of the host.
  • the radiator comprises two parts, one part is a linear first radiator 11 for generating a first resonance, for example, a whip antenna is used; and the second part is a second radiator 12 which is reversely arranged at the top of the first radiator 11.
  • the first radiator 11 mainly generates a first resonance in the UHF frequency band (300-800 MHz), and the length of the second radiator 12 is a resonance length of the whip dual-frequency antenna in the GPS operating frequency band, the first radiator 11 and the second radiation
  • the body 12 can adjust the pitch of the coil to tune the GPS resonance in different UHF bands.
  • the second radiator 12 By reversing the second radiator 12 on top of the first radiator 11, the second radiator 12 is in the same direction as the upper current of the first radiator 11, so that the actual working length of the second radiator 12 is two half-waves.
  • the vibrators are superimposed to increase the length of the second resonant frequency model of the second radiator 12, so that the influence of the UHF frequency band variation is small, so that the antenna has better directivity in the upper hemisphere, and is better than one. The situation when the half-wave oscillator is working.
  • the total length of the second radiator 12 is 1/4 to 1/2 of the resonance wavelength of the second radiator
  • the total length of the first radiator 11 is 1/2 of the first resonance wavelength, so that the UHF band and the GPS band do not affect each other, so that the whip dual-frequency antenna has better directivity and realizes all the bands in UHF. (300-800MHz) Dual-band tuning is implemented to achieve whip dual-frequency antenna operation in more frequency bands.
  • the frequency band index of the whip-like UHF simulation result of the whip dual-frequency antenna of the present invention is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the UHF direction indicator of the simulation result of the whip antenna UHF is shown in Fig. 7.
  • the simulation software is only set.
  • the antenna structure is displayed, and the main part is set to be hidden.
  • the simulation indicators in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the antenna jacket and the main casing without the ideal value of PCB loss.
  • UHF (470-520) MHz) + GPS is the simulation model.
  • the frequency band parameters of the UHF frequency band of the whip dual-frequency antenna are shown in Figure 8.
  • the direction parameters of the UHF band simulation result are shown in Figure 9.
  • the simulations in Figure 8 and Figure 9 The gain data is the ideal value for the PCB loss without the antenna jacket and the main unit casing.
  • the gain pattern of the GPS is ideal, as shown in FIG.
  • the GPS band pattern of the double-pitch spiral antenna there is more energy toward the sky direction, and there is no depression at the center position and the gain directivity is weakened as shown in FIG. 4, and the dual-frequency antenna is in the GPS.
  • the antenna performance in the band is better concentrated in the upper hemisphere, which is better than the double-pitch helical antenna.
  • the performance of the UHF band is almost unaffected, enabling better dual-band tuning in all UHF bands (300-800MHz). .
  • the whip dual-frequency antenna sample is tested in the microwave darkroom, and the simulation frequency range is 300MHZ-2000. MHZ, the band parameters are shown in Figure 10, and the gain direction is shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12.
  • the reference numerals 1, 2, and 3 in Fig. 10 represent the first resonance, the second resonance, and the third resonance, respectively, wherein it can be seen that the third resonance of the whip dual-frequency antenna is not at 1575 MHz, but is higher than 1575 MHz, and variable pitch can be used.
  • the GPS resonant coil is adjusted, but does not affect the antenna GPS gain pattern.
  • the whip dual-frequency antenna of the present invention actually increases the length of the second resonant frequency model by adding a second radiator having a higher resonant frequency at the top of the first radiator, so that the influence of the UHF frequency band variation becomes smaller, so that The antenna performance of the dual-band antenna in the GPS band is better concentrated in the upper hemisphere, achieving better GPS gain performance without affecting the UHF band effect.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种鞭状双频天线，包括通过主机的馈电点与主机相连接的辐射体，其中，所述辐射体包括用于产生第一谐振的直线状的第一辐射体，所述第一辐射体的顶部反串设置有螺旋结构的第二辐射体,所述第二辐射体产生比所述第一辐射体谐振频率更高的第二谐振。本发明通过在第一辐射体顶部巧妙的再加入谐振频率更高的第二辐射体，将第二谐振频率模型长度提高，并且使得受到UHF频段变化的影响变小，双频天线在GPS频段时的天线性能更好的集中于上半球面，实现更好的GPS增益性能，并且不影响UHF的效果。

Description

鞭状双频天线 技术领域
本发明涉及一种天线，更具体地说，涉及一种鞭状双频天线。
背景技术
在当今的信息化社会，人们通常都希望能随时随地方便的接收到有用的信息，所以，各种便携式无线通讯装置广泛的应用于人们的日常生活中。在无线通讯装置中，用来发射接收无线电波以传递无线电信号的天线，无疑是十分重要的元件之一。对于大量的手持终端设备，天线不仅要轻薄短小，最好还要能操作于双频，频带也要更宽。
目前，手持终端设备通常有多个频段以实现多个功能或辅助功能，如手机的全球移动通信系统（Global System for Mobile Communications，GSM）及数字蜂窝系统DCS所需频段（GSM+DCS），对讲机的超高频（UHF）及全球定位系统频率（Global Positioning System，GPS）等，对应的其天线也是双频或者多频的。
现有技术中的双频天线多采用双振子结构的双频天线，多用于手机天线的设计中，设计思路是在馈点处引出两个不同长度辐射振子，分别产生不同频率的谐振。
现有技术还通常采用部分谐振结构的双频天线，部分谐振结构一般是将较高的频段以不同的结构参数来设计，如图1所示，整个天线振子产生一种频率，高频谐振则是以参数不同的那部分螺旋来产生，如早期的手机天线，一般是将DCS频段放在线圈的底部来处理。
目前的外置双频天线大多采用部分谐振的结构来实现，采用螺旋结构来实现之，即双节距螺旋天线，将高频谐振部分放在线圈的底部，它和另一部分共同构成较低频率的谐振。但是，针对于对讲机的外置双频天线，其为UHF+GPS频段的工作模式，现有技术中将GPS谐振部分放在螺旋的底部，形成谐振，参见图2所示，该设计对于GPS频段来说，天线的性能更多的集中于下半球面，在GPS所需要的上半球面(指向天空的部分)，性能比较差，并不适合于专业的GPS性能和专业终端设备的功能定位，且这种设计对于UHF频段来说，其带宽受到GPS频段的影响而比较窄。
现有UHF+GPS外置双频天线为解决天线GPS频段的性能，将GPS谐振部分放置于天线线圈的顶部，如图3所示，使之形成向上集中的GPS接收性能，当UHF的频率约为GPS的特殊整数倍时，GPS的性能会达到一个相对比较差的状态，这是由特殊的频段关系决定的，无法避免。对于这种天线来讲，UHF是处于本振模式的，即线圈的总长度约为谐振波长的一半左右，顶部GPS的长度也是一半波长左右，因此，GPS的性能受到UHF频段的影响很大。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种鞭状双频天线，使双频天线在GPS频段时的天线性能更好的集中于上半球面，实现更好的GPS性能，而且不影响UHF性能。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：构造一种鞭状双频天线，包括通过主机的馈电点与主机相连接的辐射体，其中，所述辐射体包括用于产生第一谐振的直线状的第一辐射体，所述第一辐射体的顶部反串设置有用于产生比所述第一辐射体谐振频率更高的第二谐振的螺旋结构的第二辐射体。
本发明所述的鞭状双频天线，其中，所述第二辐射体的总长度为该第二辐射体第二谐振波长的 1/4～1/2 。
本发明所述的鞭状双频天线，其中，所述第二辐射体与所述第一辐射体的上部电流同向，所述第二辐射体的工作长度为两个半波振子相叠加。
本发明所述的鞭状双频天线，其中，所述第一辐射体的总长度为第一谐振波长的1/2 。
本发明所述的鞭状双频天线，其中，所述第一辐射体采用鞭状天线。
本发明所述的鞭状双频天线，其中，所述第二辐射体采用GPS谐振线圈。
实施本发明的鞭状双频天线，具有以下有益效果：通过在第一辐射体顶部加入谐振频率更高的第二辐射体，将第二谐振频率模型长度提高，使得受到UHF频段变化的影响就会变小，使双频天线在GPS频段时的天线性能更好的集中于上半球面，实现更好的GPS增益性能，并且不影响UHF的效果。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1是现有技术的采用部分谐振结构双频天线结构示意图；
图2是现有技术的将GPS谐振部分放在螺旋的底部的外置双频天线结构示意图；
图3是现有技术的将GPS谐振部分放在螺旋的顶部的外置双频天线结构示意图；
图4是现有技术的双节距螺旋天线GPS频段增益方向图；
图5是本发明的鞭状双频天线结构示意图；
图6是本发明的鞭状双频天线UHF频段仿真结果之频带指标；
图7是本发明的鞭状双频天线UHF频段仿真结果之UHF方向图指标；
图8是本发明的鞭状双频天线UHF频段仿真结果之频带参数；
图9是本发明的鞭状双频天线UHF频段仿真结果之方向图参数；
图10是本发明调试好的鞭状双频天线样品测试的频带参数；
图11是本发明的加载鞭状天线增益方向图一；
图12是本发明的加载鞭状天线增益方向图二。
具体实施方式
下面结合图示，对本发明的优选实施例作详细介绍。
本发明较佳实施例的鞭状双频天线结构如图5所示，其包括通过主机的馈电点与主机相连接的辐射体。其中辐射体包括两部分，一部分是用于产生第一谐振的直线状的第一辐射体11，例如采用鞭状天线；第二部分是反串设置在第一辐射体11顶部的第二辐射体12，用于产生比第一辐射体11谐振频率更高的第二谐振的螺旋结构，例如采用GPS谐振线圈。第一辐射体11主要在UHF频段（300-800MHz）发生第一谐振，第二辐射体12的长度为鞭状双频天线在GPS工作频段的一个谐振长度，第一辐射体11及第二辐射体12通过耦合作用，可以进行调节线圈的节距，来调谐不同的UHF频段上的GPS谐振。
通过将第二辐射体12反串于第一辐射体11的顶部，使得第二辐射体12与第一辐射体11的上部电流同向，使第二辐射体12的实际工作长度为两个半波振子相叠加，将第二辐射体12的第二谐振频率模型长度实际提高，从而使其受到UHF频段变化的影响变小，使天线在上半球面有较好的方向性，而且要优于一个半波振子工作时的情况。
优选地，第二辐射体12的总长度为该第二辐射体谐振波长的1/4～1/2 ，第一辐射体11的总长度为第一谐振波长的1/2，使UHF频段和GPS频段互不影响，这样可以使鞭状双频天线有更好的方向性，实现在UHF的全部频段（300-800MHz）实现双频调谐，以实现鞭状双频天线工作于更多的频段。
本发明的鞭状双频天线加载鞭状UHF仿真结果之频带指标如图6所示，加载鞭状天线UHF的仿真结果之UHF方向图指标如图7所示，为清晰起见，仿真软件只设置了显示天线结构，而将主机部分设置为隐藏，图6和图7中的仿真指标为不加天线外套和主机外壳，不计PCB损耗的理想值。
本实施例中， 以UHF（470-520 MHz）+GPS为仿真模型，鞭状双频天线的UHF频段的仿真数据之频带参数如图8所示，UHF频段仿真结果之方向图参数如图9所示，图8和图9中的仿真增益数据为不加天线外套和主机外壳，不计PCB损耗的理想值。
从图8和图9中可以看出，在第一辐射体（鞭状天线）加入了顶部的第二辐射体（GPS谐振线圈）之后，GPS的增益方向图比较理想，与图4中所示的双节距螺旋天线的GPS频段方向图相比，有更多的能量朝向天空的方向，没有图4中所示的在中心位置的凹陷、增益方向性减弱的情况出现，双频天线在GPS频段时的天线性能更好的集中于上半球面，优于双节距螺旋天线。而且结合GPS频段的方向图和图6和图7中UHF频段方针结果可以看出，UHF频段的性能几乎不受影响，能更好的实现在UHF的全部频段（300-800MHz）实现双频调谐。
按照以上设计所做出的鞭状双频天线样品经过微波暗室的测试，仿真频率范围为300MHZ-2000 MHZ，得出频带参数如图10所示，增益方向如图11和图12所示。图10中标号1、2、3分别代表第一谐振、第二谐振和第三谐振，其中可以看出鞭状双频天线的第三谐振并不在1575MHz，而是高于1575MHz，可用变节距的GPS谐振线圈来调整，但并不影响天线GPS增益方向图。
本发明的鞭状双频天线通过在第一辐射体顶部再加入谐振频率更高的第二辐射体，将第二谐振频率模型长度实际提高，使得受到UHF频段变化的影响就会变小，使双频天线在GPS频段时的天线性能更好的集中于上半球面，实现更好的GPS增益性能，并且不影响UHF频段的效果。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种鞭状双频天线，包括通过主机的馈电点与主机相连接的辐射体，其特征在于，所述辐射体包括用于产生第一谐振的直线状的第一辐射体，所述第一辐射体的顶部反串设置有螺旋结构的第二辐射体,所述第二辐射体产生比所述第一辐射体谐振频率更高的第二谐振。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的鞭状双频天线，其特征在于，所述第二辐射体的总长度为该第二谐振频率波长的1/4～1/2 。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的鞭状双频天线，其特征在于，所述第二辐射体与所述第一辐射体的上部电流同向，所述第二辐射体的工作模型为两个半波振子相叠加。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的鞭状双频天线，其特征在于，所述第一辐射体的长度为第一谐振频率波长的1/2 。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的鞭状双频天线，其特征在于，所述第一辐射体采用鞭状天线。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的鞭状双频天线，其特征在于，所述第二辐射体采用GPS谐振线圈。
PCT/CN2010/071272 2010-03-24 2010-03-24 鞭状双频天线 WO2011116522A1 (zh)

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