WO2011113465A1 - Dispositif de charge pour une pile à combustible - Google Patents

Dispositif de charge pour une pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011113465A1
WO2011113465A1 PCT/EP2010/007517 EP2010007517W WO2011113465A1 WO 2011113465 A1 WO2011113465 A1 WO 2011113465A1 EP 2010007517 W EP2010007517 W EP 2010007517W WO 2011113465 A1 WO2011113465 A1 WO 2011113465A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging device
wheel
fuel cell
turbine wheel
compressor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/007517
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Stute
Siegfried Sumser
Original Assignee
Daimler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Ag filed Critical Daimler Ag
Publication of WO2011113465A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011113465A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D3/00—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
    • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a charging device for a fuel cell specified in the preamble of claim 1 and in the preamble of claim 8.
  • a method for mounting a rotary part in generators in projectiles in which the rotary part has a generator rotor, an associated shaft and a turbine wheel, which is mounted at the front end of the shaft and driven by ram air.
  • the ram air impinges on the wheel in the axial direction, whereby the rotary part is subjected to an axial load.
  • the ram air is guided from the upper end of the projectile to the back of the rotary member, deflected there by 180 ° and guided by the dynamic pressure of the ram air in the opposite direction through ball bearings, which rotatably support the rotating part.
  • Such a charging device for a fuel cell comprises a housing part and a turbine wheel, which is rotatably received in the housing parts of the charging device.
  • the turbine wheel is in this case of a medium, in particular of a gaseous exhaust gas of the fuel cell, over a diameter
  • a compensation element for compensating axial forces which is connected at least in part to the pressure prevailing in the wheel entry region and which is connected to the turbine wheel, has a diameter which is different from the diameter of the wheel entry region.
  • the compensation element is preferably arranged on a side of a back of the turbine wheel facing away from a wheel outlet region of the turbine wheel. The compensation element allows by the pressurization of a
  • the turbine wheel for example, by means of at least one rolling bearing, in particular a ball bearing, are stored, by means of which the turbine wheel is to store low-loss in the housing part.
  • the turbine wheel can be part of a rotor of the charging device, which comprises, for example, the turbine wheel and a shaft rotatably connected to the turbine wheel, wherein the shaft is mounted in the or another housing part, in particular in a bearing housing of the charging device, by means of the bearing.
  • a charging device for a fuel cell by means of which the
  • Fuel cell with air, in particular a compressed air to supply it is advantageous because of the ability to realize at low turbine inlet temperatures in a range of about 80 - 120 ° C autarkic lack of lubrication storage, as a bearing bearing, in particular a ball bearing to use. This also makes it possible to exclude, at least almost completely, a lubricant entry into the air with which the fuel cell is to be supplied and to realize energetically very favorable mechanical efficiencies of the bearing. This is possible in the charging device according to the invention with simultaneous realization of a long service life of the storage and thus the entire charging device, since the load on the bearing due to the compensation or the reduction of the axial forces can be kept low by means of the compensation element.
  • the turbine of the charging device according to the invention allows a
  • Energy recovery since emitted from the fuel cell exhaust gas can be used to drive a rotatably connected via the shaft with the turbine wheel compressor wheel of a compressor of the charging device, by means of which the fuel cell to be supplied air is to be compressed.
  • the charging device has a guide grid, in particular a variably adjustable guide grid, which is arranged in the flow direction of the medium upstream of the turbine wheel, in particular in the housing part and by means of which flow conditions and in particular flow conditions of the turbine wheel can be influenced.
  • a back pressure flap can be omitted, whereby the
  • different operating points of the fuel cell is adaptable, so that, for example, a movement of the operating point in the map of the compressor of the supercharger with the compressor in the direction of the Stopfsky the compressor can be avoided at inappropriate pressures and air mass flow rates.
  • a turbine comprising the turbine wheel and / or the compressor of the
  • Charging device is formed, for example, as a radial turbine or as a radial compressor, by means of which the fuel cell to be supplied air is efficiently compressible with a small space requirement.
  • the second aspect of the invention relates to a charging device for a fuel cell, which comprises a housing part and a compressor wheel, wherein the compressor wheel is rotatably received in a housing part of the charging device. By means of the compressor wheel, a medium to be supplied to the fuel cell, in particular air, can be compressed.
  • a compensating element which is connected to the compressor wheel and in particular at least substantially disk-shaped, is provided for compensating axial forces, which can be pressurized at least in regions with an exhaust gas of the fuel cell and / or with a pressure prevailing in the flow direction of the medium to be compressed downstream of the compressor wheel.
  • the compressor wheel is for example part of a
  • Compressor of the charging device which is designed as a radial compressor, wherein, accordingly, the compressor wheel is designed as Radialverêtrrad.
  • the second aspect of the invention also makes it possible to reduce a load on a bearing of the compressor wheel as a result of a reduction or compensation of axial forces acting on the bearing of the compressor wheel, which arise, in particular, as a result of the compression of the air.
  • the second aspect of the invention makes this possible in particular even if no turbine is provided with a turbine wheel as in the first aspect of the invention.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.
  • a drive motor in particular an electric motor, comprise, by means of which the compressor wheel or optionally the rotatably connected to the compressor wheel shaft is driven.
  • the air to be supplied to the fuel cell is particularly efficient and needs to be compressed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell, which can be supplied by a supercharger with compressed air and by means of which power can be generated, which can be stored in a battery of an electric motor.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a charging device for supplying a fuel cell of FIG. 1 with compressed air, wherein the
  • Expansion turbine includes;
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of an expansion turbine for a charging device of a fuel cell according to FIG. 2.
  • the 1 shows a fuel cell 10, by means of which a reaction energy of a continuously supplied fuel and an oxidizing agent is convertible into electrical energy.
  • the fuel is in the form of hydrogen, which is stored in a tank 12 and the fuel cell 10 is supplied via a fuel valve 14.
  • the fuel valve 14 is regulated by a control device 16.
  • As an oxidizing agent the fuel cell 10 uses air from the environment or oxygen as part of this air.
  • the fuel cell 10 becomes the hydrogen according to a
  • the fuel cell 10 is connected via lines 22 to a battery 25, in which the generated electrical energy, which is referred to as current, can be stored.
  • the battery 25 in turn is connected via lines 26 to an electric motor which can be driven by the current stored in the battery 25.
  • the electric motor 26 converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy and outputs it in the form of a torque according to a directional arrow 28 via a rotatable shaft 30.
  • the fuel cell 10 thus serves to drive the electric motor 26, which can be used for example in a motor vehicle, especially a passenger car.
  • an accelerator pedal 32 is provided to set a to be provided by the electric motor 26 and desired torque, for example by a driver of the passenger car.
  • the Accelerator 32 is connected to both the control device 16 and with the electric motor 26 to adjust the generation of the current by means of the fuel cell 10 to the torque request.
  • a charging device 34 which comprises a compressor 36 with a turbine wheel 38.
  • the turbine wheel 38 is rotatably connected to a shaft 40 of the charging device 34, wherein the shaft 40 in a housing, in particular a bearing housing, the charging device 34 is rotatably mounted.
  • the compressor wheel 38 is also rotatable, and the air sucked in according to a directional arrow 42 can be compressed by a pressure level corresponding to the ambient pressure in the flow direction of the air according to the directional arrow 42 to a pressure level which is higher downstream of the compressor wheel 38 present and is referred to as compressor outlet pressure p2t.
  • the air As a result of the compression of the air by the compressor wheel 38, the air is heated. To cool the air, the air flows in accordance with a directional arrow 44 to a cooling device 46, by means of which the air is cooled and then supplied according to the directional arrow 20 of the fuel cell 10.
  • an exhaust gas of the fuel cell 10 is directed according to direction arrows 48 to a turbine wheel 50 comprising a turbine 52 of the charging device.
  • the turbine wheel 50 is rotatably connected to the shaft 40 and thus rotatably supported and drivable by the exhaust gas of the fuel cell 10.
  • the turbine 52 is a
  • the turbine 52 After flowing away from the turbine wheel 50, the exhaust gas flows according to directional arrows 54 to an exhaust aftertreatment device 56, which cleans the exhaust gas from harmful emissions. Downstream of the exhaust aftertreatment device 56, the exhaust gas flows according to a directional arrow 58 to the environment.
  • the turbine 52 In order to adapt the turbine 52 to different operating points of the electric motor 26 and thus of the fuel cell 10, the turbine 52 is designed as a so-called Varioturbine.
  • a variably adjustable guide grid 60 is arranged upstream of the turbine wheel 50, by means of which flow conditions of the flow of the turbine wheel 50 can be influenced by the exhaust gas and adapted to different operating points of the fuel cell 10, pressure conditions of the compressor 36 and / or the like.
  • the guide grid 60 is also regulated by the control device 16.
  • the charging device 34 comprises an electric motor 62, by means of which the shaft 40 and thus the compressor wheel 38 and the turbine wheel 50 are drivable.
  • an electric motor 62 by means of which the shaft 40 and thus the compressor wheel 38 and the turbine wheel 50 are drivable.
  • the electric motor 62 may drive the compressor wheel 38
  • the charging device 34 comprises an axial thrust compensation 64, shown schematically in FIG. 1, by means of which the axial forces can be compensated or reduced.
  • This axial thrust compensation 64 will be explained in more detail below in conjunction with the other figures.
  • FIG. 2 shows a possible embodiment of the charging device 34 with the compressor 36, the electric motor 62 and the expansion turbine in the form of a
  • Varioturbine formed turbine 52 When supplying the fuel cell 10 with the compressed air resulting from the compression of the air relatively large axial forces, which originate from the compressor 38. In order not to exceed a certain speed limit of the electric motor 62, which is for example in a range of 100,000 revolutions per minute, a diameter D2 of the compressor 38 is to be interpreted particularly large in order to meet corresponding requirements in terms of Pressure conditions of the compressor 36 (in the flow direction of the air to be compressed upstream and downstream of the compressor 38) to meet.
  • turbocharger 52 Since the turbocharger 52 is provided in the charging device 34, a slight relief of the axial forces may result, which acts in the direction of a compressor inlet 66 and has to be absorbed by the bearing of the compressor wheel 38 and the turbine wheel 50 or the shaft 40.
  • the turbine 25 or the turbine wheel 50 which is designed for optimal efficiency at the nominal point, that is to say at maximum power of the electric motor 62, receives via the rigid coupling to the compressor 36 the same rotational speed, which is transmitted from the electric motor 62 to the shaft 40 or . on the
  • Compressor 38 is applied.
  • the diameter D2 of the compressor wheel 38 is greater by a factor of two than the diameter D3, resulting in a surface A2 of a
  • Rasons 68 of the compressor wheel 38 results, which is greater by a factor of four than an area A3 of a Rastructure 70 of the turbine wheel 50th
  • the bearing of the shaft 40 or the compressor wheel 38 and the turbine wheel 50 should be low-loss and therefore as low-friction as possible, which can be achieved, for example, by a bearing by means of at least one roller bearing, in particular a ball bearing.
  • ball bearings can absorb the described high axial forces only conditionally, resulting in the requirement for reduction or compensation of the axial forces. This is made possible by the axial thrust combination 64 described together with FIG. 1 and further explained in conjunction with FIG. As can be seen from FIG.
  • the axial thrust compensation 64 comprises a compensating disk 72 integrally formed with the turbine wheel 50, whereby an axial force compensation of the axial forces caused by the compressor 36 is managed by a wheel back 70 of the turbine wheel 50.
  • the compensation disc 72 has an outer diameter D s , which is matched to the aerodynamic diameter D3, which is also referred to as Radeintritts mismesser a blading of the turbine wheel 50, regardless of the size and in the present case is greater than the diameter D3.
  • the diameter D s is a function of the axial force and larger than the diameter D3.
  • substantially a nozzle pressure P3D at an exit of a nozzle 74 of the turbine 52 determines, via which the turbine wheel 50 with the exhaust gas of the
  • Fuel cell 10 is flowed against, a pressure profile on a back side 76 of the turbine wheel 50 and the compensation disc 72, which has an area As, which corresponds to the diameter D s .
  • a force resultant of the turbine wheel 50 with the compensation disc 72 is thus opposite to a force resultant of the compressor wheel 36.
  • Resulting force of the compressor 38 is determined by a static pressure p2t directly downstream of the compressor 38, which is associated with a representative mean pressure p2s a Ver emphasizerradular 78. Similarly, one is
  • Turbine wheel disc 81 is provided, wherein a representative mean pressure p3s of the turbine wheel disc 81 is associated with a turbine inlet pressure p3t.
  • Compressor outlet p2t tapped by means of the axial thrust compensation 64 via a channel 79 in the region of a compressor outlet or optionally a compressor manifold, ie downstream of the compressor 38, or a compressor diffuser and the compensation disc 72 on the turbine wheel 50 side in a pressure chamber 80th impressed.
  • the compressor outlet pressure p2t makes a significantly greater pressure value than the mean pressure p2s of the compressor wheel disk 78.
  • sealing points 82 and 83 are provided, by means of which the pressure chamber 80 is sealed. While the inner sealing point 83 may be formed as a conventional, simple piston ring seal, the outer sealing point 82 on the diameter D s is advantageously formed as a non-contact seal, for example in the form of a labyrinth seal. Any leaks of the sealing point 82 are discharged via the blading of the turbine wheel 50.
  • the pressure chamber 80 is thus on the one hand by an area of the
  • Compensation disc 72 limited by the seals 82 and 83 and by a front portion 86 of a turbine housing of the turbine 52 and by a part of a hub body of the turbine wheel 50.
  • the annular surface 84 being located on the side of the blading of the turbine wheel 50, the lowered nozzle pressure P3D should be applied as far as possible in order to reduce the significantly larger compressor discharge pressure p2t is called static compensation pressure p2t to fully unfold in its effect in the pressure chamber 80.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de charge (34) pour une pile à combustible (10), comprenant une roue de turbine (50) montée rotative dans une partie de carter (86) du dispositif de charge (34) et qui peut être attaquée et entraînée par un milieu, en particulier par un gaz d'échappement gazeux de la pile combustible (10) par l'intermédiaire d'une zone d'entrée de roue présentant un diamètre (D3), où il est prévu, pour la compensation des forces axiales, un élément de compensation (72) relié à la roue de turbine (50) et soumis à l'action, au moins par endroits, d'une pression (P3D) régnant dans la zone d'entrée de la roue, lequel élément présente un diamètre (Ds) différent du diamètre (D3) de la zone d'entrée de la roue.
PCT/EP2010/007517 2010-03-19 2010-12-09 Dispositif de charge pour une pile à combustible WO2011113465A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010012184.3 2010-03-19
DE102010012184 2010-03-19
DE201010026909 DE102010026909A1 (de) 2010-03-19 2010-07-13 Aufladeeinrichtung für eine Brennstoffzelle
DE102010026909.3 2010-07-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011113465A1 true WO2011113465A1 (fr) 2011-09-22

Family

ID=44585462

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2010/007517 WO2011113465A1 (fr) 2010-03-19 2010-12-09 Dispositif de charge pour une pile à combustible

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102010026909A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011113465A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015505927A (ja) * 2011-12-01 2015-02-26 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフトＤａｉｍｌｅｒ ＡＧ 特に自動車の燃料電池のための給気装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012013048A1 (de) * 2012-06-29 2013-01-17 Daimler Ag Strömungsmaschine für einen Energiewandler sowie Brennstoffzelleneinrichtung mit einer solchen Strömungsmaschine
FR2998920B1 (fr) * 2012-12-04 2018-07-27 Thy Engineering Machine tournante telle qu'une turbine ou un compresseur.
DE102014018096A1 (de) * 2014-12-09 2015-07-02 Daimler Ag Strömungsmaschine für einen Energiewandler, insbesondere eine Brennstoffzelle

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2306588A1 (de) 1973-02-10 1974-08-15 Kongsberg Vapenfab As Verfahren zur lagerung eines rotationsteils in generatoren in geschossen und lagerungseinrichtung zur lagerung solcher teile
EP0984137A2 (fr) * 1998-09-03 2000-03-08 Asea Brown Boveri AG Méthode et dispostif d'équilibrage de poussée axiale dans une turbo soufflante
DE102006049516B3 (de) * 2006-10-20 2008-01-03 Atlas Copco Energas Gmbh Turbomaschine
DE102008022627A1 (de) * 2008-05-08 2009-11-12 Daimler Ag Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Abgasturboladers einer Brennkraftmaschine

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19856499C1 (de) * 1998-12-08 2000-10-26 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur zweistufigen Aufladung von Prozeßluft für eine Brennstoffzelle
DE19905637C1 (de) * 1999-02-11 2000-08-31 Daimler Chrysler Ag Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE10120947A1 (de) * 2001-04-22 2002-10-24 Daimler Chrysler Ag Brennstoffzellen-Luftversorgung
DE102009025686A1 (de) * 2008-10-17 2010-04-22 Daimler Ag Turbolader

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2306588A1 (de) 1973-02-10 1974-08-15 Kongsberg Vapenfab As Verfahren zur lagerung eines rotationsteils in generatoren in geschossen und lagerungseinrichtung zur lagerung solcher teile
EP0984137A2 (fr) * 1998-09-03 2000-03-08 Asea Brown Boveri AG Méthode et dispostif d'équilibrage de poussée axiale dans une turbo soufflante
DE102006049516B3 (de) * 2006-10-20 2008-01-03 Atlas Copco Energas Gmbh Turbomaschine
DE102008022627A1 (de) * 2008-05-08 2009-11-12 Daimler Ag Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Abgasturboladers einer Brennkraftmaschine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015505927A (ja) * 2011-12-01 2015-02-26 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフトＤａｉｍｌｅｒ ＡＧ 特に自動車の燃料電池のための給気装置

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Publication number Publication date
DE102010026909A1 (de) 2011-09-22

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