WO2011097253A1 - Modification d'un moteur à combustion interne pour une combustion à allumage radical - Google Patents

Modification d'un moteur à combustion interne pour une combustion à allumage radical Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011097253A1
WO2011097253A1 PCT/US2011/023392 US2011023392W WO2011097253A1 WO 2011097253 A1 WO2011097253 A1 WO 2011097253A1 US 2011023392 W US2011023392 W US 2011023392W WO 2011097253 A1 WO2011097253 A1 WO 2011097253A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
radical
production
engine
engine block
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2011/023392
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William Paul Mccowan
John Spence Hayes Chapman
Original Assignee
Total Energy Renewable Power Systems, Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US12/699,341 external-priority patent/US20110186001A1/en
Priority claimed from US12/916,308 external-priority patent/US20120103287A1/en
Application filed by Total Energy Renewable Power Systems, Llc filed Critical Total Energy Renewable Power Systems, Llc
Publication of WO2011097253A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011097253A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J10/00—Engine or like cylinders; Features of hollow, e.g. cylindrical, bodies in general
    • F16J10/02—Cylinders designed to receive moving pistons or plungers
    • F16J10/04—Running faces; Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/02—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers the chamber being periodically isolated from its cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
    • F02B19/165—The shape or construction of the pre-combustion chambers is specially adapted to be formed, at least in part, of ceramic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
    • F02B19/18—Transfer passages between chamber and cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F11/00—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines 
    • F02F11/002—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines  involving cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818—Flat gaskets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818—Flat gaskets
    • F16J2015/085—Flat gaskets without fold over
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818—Flat gaskets
    • F16J2015/0862—Flat gaskets with a bore ring
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention relates to internal combustion engines.
  • the internal combustion (IC) engine has long been a source for power, especially for transportation and stationary power. Improved control over the ignition and combustion efficiencies in an IC engine has been a long sought goal.
  • radical ignition (RI) combustion can enable a reduction of the heat and/or compression ratio required for ignition and a reduction in the ratio of fuel and oxygen required for sustaining combustion.
  • Radical ignition combustion arises from the recognition that controlled seeding of a fuel charge before ignition in a SI or CI engine with highly active radical species of fuel generated in a cool flame process can produce dependable and predictable ignition and combustion.
  • RI combustion involves the production of radical species during one combustion cycle and storing for discharge in a succeeding combustion cycle. During each combustion cycle, a portion of the fuel oxygen mixture is contained in a secondary chamber and undergoes a cool flame oxidation reaction to produce radical species that are discharged during a succeeding combustion cycle for seeding the next fuel-oxygen mixture charge released into the main combustion chamber. The process results in enhanced combustion by reducing the temperature or compression needed for ignition.
  • the present invention modifies a conventional internal combustion engine for radical species ignition.
  • the present invention includes a method of modifying a internal combustion engine with one or more cylinders to control the production and flow of radical ignition species for enhanced combustion.
  • the method comprises inserting one or more cylinder liners into the one or more cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • the cylinder liners comprise one or more radical production members for providing and storing radical ignition species.
  • the cylinder liners have a lip section at one end of a body and one or more production members are disposed inside of the lip section of the cylinder liner and have one or more vents to fluidly connect each of the one or more production members to each of the one or more cylinders in an engine block.
  • the method further comprises attaching the one or more cylinder liners and added one or more production members to the engine block.
  • the cylinder liners are partially disposed between the engine block and a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, such that each of the one or more production members fluidly connect to a corresponding main combustion chamber.
  • the one or more lined cylinders define the corresponding main combustion chamber.
  • the present invention includes a method of modifying a internal combustion engine with one or more cylinders to control the production and flow of radical ignition species for enhanced combustion.
  • the method comprises forming one or more annular channels in a top surface of an engine block around the circumference of one or more openings defining one or more cylinders in the engine block.
  • the method further comprises inserting one or more cylinder liners into the one or more cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • the cylinder liners comprise one or more radical production members for providing and storing radical ignition species.
  • the one or more production members are disposed inside of the cylinder liners and have one or more openings to fluidly connect each of the one or more production members to each of the one or more cylinders.
  • the method also comprises assembling an engine block, the one or more radical production members, and a cylinder head.
  • the engine block contains a plurality of cylinders and a plurality of pistons.
  • the modified internal combustion engine comprises one or more cylinder liners, wherein the cylinder liners include a lip section and a body section. A plurality of main combustion chambers are defined by the lined cylinders, the pistons, and the cylinder head.
  • the cylinder liners comprise a plurality of production members, wherein the production members are disposed within the lip section of the cylinder liner and include one or more vents to fluidly connect the production members with the main combustion chambers.
  • the cylinder liners are partially disposed between the engine block and the cylinder head and attached to the engine block via a friction fit.
  • the present invention includes an apparatus.
  • the apparatus comprises a cylinder liner and a plurality of production members.
  • the cylinder liner includes a lip section and a body section.
  • the body section is shaped and sized to friction fit within one of a plurality of cylinders in an engine block.
  • the production members are disposed within the lip section of the cylinder liner and include one or more vents to fluidly connect the production members with one of a plurality of main combustion chambers defined by the plurality of lined cylinders.
  • the present invention modifies a conventional internal combustion engine for radical species ignition.
  • the present invention includes a method of modifying a internal combustion engine with one or more cylinders to control the production and flow of radical ignition species for enhanced combustion.
  • the method comprises adding to a gasket a plurality of reservoirs for providing and storing radical ignition species.
  • the gasket has one or more openings corresponding to the one or more cylinders in an engine block and the plurality of reservoirs are disposed inside of the gasket.
  • the gasket has one or more vents to fluidly connect each of the plurality of reservoirs to one or more cylinders in the engine block.
  • the method further comprises attaching the gasket and added plurality of reservoirs to the engine block.
  • the gasket is then disposed between the engine block and a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, such that the one or more openings correspond to the one or more cylinders in an engine block, and each of the plurality of reservoirs fluidly connect to a corresponding main combustion chamber.
  • the one or more cylinders define the corresponding main combustion chamber.
  • the modified internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head, a gasket, a plurality of reservoirs, and an engine block containing a plurality of cylinders and a plurality of pistons.
  • the modified internal combustion engine comprises a plurality of main combustion chambers defined by the cylinders, the pistons, and the cylinder head.
  • the gasket includes a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of cylinders in the engine block.
  • the plurality of reservoirs are disposed within the gasket and include one or more vents to fluidly connect the reservoirs with the main combustion chambers.
  • the gasket is disposed between the engine block and the cylinder head and attached to the engine block via a plurality of head bolts.
  • the present invention includes an apparatus.
  • the apparatus comprises a gasket and a plurality of reservoirs.
  • the gasket includes a plurality of openings corresponding to a plurality of cylinders in an engine block.
  • the plurality of reservoirs are disposed within the gasket and include one or more vents to fluidly connect the plurality of reservoirs with a plurality of main combustion chambers defined by the cylinders.
  • the present invention modifies a conventional internal combustion engine for radical species ignition.
  • the present invention includes a method of modifying a internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder to control the production and flow of radical ignition species for enhanced combustion comprising the steps of: adding at least one removable radical production member for providing and storing radical ignition species, wherein the at least one production member is disposed inside of an opening in a cylinder spacer plate and has at least one opening or vent to fluidly connect each production member to a corresponding cylinder in an engine block; and attaching the cylinder spacer plate to the engine block, wherein the spacer plate is disposed so as to be between the engine block and a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine such that the opening or openings in the spacer plate correspond to the cylinder or cylinders of the internal combustion engine and each production member fluidly communicates with a main combustion chamber defined by each cylinder.
  • the method of modifying a internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder to control the production and flow of radical ignition species for enhanced combustion comprises the steps of: creating at least one annular channel in a top surface of an cylinder block around the circumference of at least one opening defining at least one cylinder; adding at least one radical production member for providing and storing radical ignition species, wherein each production member is disposed inside of the at least one annular channel and have at l east one opening to fluidly connect each of production member to each cylinder; and assembling the engine block, at least one radical production member and a cylinder head to form a modified IC engine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the spacer plate includes a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of cylinders in the cylinder block.
  • the spacer plate is disposed so as to be between the cylinder block and the cylinder head and attached to the engine block via a plurality of head bolts.
  • the radical production members are provided for producing and storing radical ignition species.
  • the production members are disposed within the openings in the spacer plate and include at least one reaction opening to fluidly connect the production members with the main combustion chambers.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of an exemplary cylinder assembly made according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of an exemplary multi-cylinder spacer plate made according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an exemplary radical production member made according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of an exemplary cylinder assembly made according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of an exemplary cylinder assembly made according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a cross sectional view of an exemplary cylinder liner made according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6B is a top view of the exemplary cylinder liner in FIG. 6A.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of an exemplary multi-cylinder gasket made according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and apparatus for modifying a conventional internal combustion engine for radical species ignition for enhanced ignition and combustion.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of an exemplary cylinder assembly 10.
  • Cylinder assembly 10 can be part of a modified internal combustion engine (not shown) made according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • cylinder assembly 10 can be incorporated into a single cylinder modified internal combustion engine.
  • a plurality of exemplary cylinder assembly 10 can be incorporated into a multi-cylinder modified internal combustion engine.
  • Cylinder assembly 10 includes an engine or cylinder block 100, cylinder head
  • Engine block 100 includes main combustion chamber 102, piston 104, and cylinder wall 106.
  • Cylinder head 200 includes intake valve 202 and outtake valve 204.
  • Radical production members 500 include grooves 502 and opening 504.
  • Engine block 100, first head gasket 300, cylinder spacer plate 400, second head gasket 302, and cylinder head 200 are attached and secured via head bolts (not shown) to form cylinder assembly 10 of an IC engine modified according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Cylinder spacer plate 400 disposed between engine block 100 and cylinder head 200, creates a volume of space for inserting radical production members 500 into cylinder assembly 10.
  • Radical production members 500 are for producing and storing radical ignition species for conversion of a conventional IC engine to a radical ignition engine for enhanced combustion.
  • a conventional IC engine is easily adapted for radical ignition by modifying cylinder assembly 10 to include radical production members 500 for producing and storing radical ignition species.
  • any conventional off-the-shelf IC engine such as a diesel engine, gasoline engine, 4-stroke or 2-stroke multi-cylinder IC engine, and the like may be modified according to the present invention for radical ignition.
  • engine 10 is modified by the addition of radical production members 500 adjacent to main combustion chambers 102 in cylinder block or engine block 100, engine 10 can be easily adapted for use with multiple fuel types.
  • a diesel IC engine can be readily adapted for use with alcohol based fuels with minimal further modification of engine 10.
  • a method of modifying an IC engine comprises the steps of adding a cylinder spacer plate with a plurality of openings to the IC engine, wherein the openings correspond to a plurality of cylinders in an engine block of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine; adding a plurality of radical production members for providing and storing radical ignition species, wherein the production members are disposed inside of the openings in the cylinder spacer plate and have at least one opening or vent to fluidly connect each of the production members to each of the plurality of cylinders; and attaching the cylinder spacer plate to the engine block, wherein the spacer plate is disposed so as to be between the engine block and a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.
  • the step of adding may involve creating cylinder spacer plate 400 to be a mirror image in shape of a head gasket 300 such that the openings 402 of spacer plate correspond in location to the main combustion chambers 102 in engine block 100, as shown in Fig 2.
  • Main combustion chambers 102 are defined by a top surface 104a of piston 104, the inner wall 106a of cylinder 106 and cylinder head 200. Openings 402 should be of a sufficient diameter for securely housing radical production members 500.
  • spacer plate 400 should be of a sufficient thickness to create a volume of space, between engine block 100 and cylinder head 200, in which radical production members 500 may be disposed so a top surface 500a and a bottom surface 500b of production members 500 are flush or substantially even with a top surface and a bottom surface of spacer plate 400.
  • the thickness of spacer plate 400 will depend on the size of radical production members 500 which is dependent on the fuel type used for engine 10.
  • the thickness of production members 500, and likewise the thickness of spacer plate 400 should be sufficient to create a volume of void space for storing radical species ranging from one twentieth (1/20) to one quarter (1/4) of the volume of combustion chamber 102 when piston 104 is at top-dead-center.
  • head gasket 300 by mirroring the shape of head gasket 300, a set of head bolts for securing head gasket 300 to engine block 100 can be utilized for attaching spacer plate 400 as well to the engine block without having to alter the engine block, head gasket, and cylinder head for securing spacer plate 400.
  • Cylinder spacer plate 400 can be made through any conventional metal manufacturing process.
  • spacer plate 400 may be manufactured through a Computer Numeric Control (CNC) machining process.
  • CNC Computer Numeric Control
  • the spacer plate may be created via conventional milling processes or any other suitable machining process for precision machining of metal materials known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
  • Spacer plate 400 can be manufactured from aluminum or steel. Other examples of materials that may be used for creating spacer plate 400 include iron, titanium, ceramics, or any other suitable material that is capable of maintaining the proper temperature range for the production and storage of radical species known to one of ordinary skill in the art. [0037] Spacer plate 400 may be attached to engine block 100 via conventional head bolts. Because spacer plate 400 corresponds in shape to head gasket 300, it is not necessary to alter the engine block for attaching spacer plate. Spacer plate 400 should be disposed above engine block 100 and above a first head gasket 300 and secured via head bolts . Generally, the existing head bolts for engine 10 can be used, however, in some embodiments, it may be necessary to replace the existing head bolts with a second set of head bolts longer in length so as to accommodate the thickness of space plate 400.
  • the method comprises adding a plurality of radical production members 500 for producing and storing radical ignition species.
  • Production members 500 serve as origination sites for the generation of a plurality of radical ignition species during a combustion cycle of the engine and allow for storage of radical species for release during succeeding combustion cycles.
  • Radical production members 500 can be made via any suitable metal or ceramic manufacturing process.
  • production members 500 may be created through a Computer Numeric Control (CNC) machining process.
  • CNC Computer Numeric Control
  • the production members may be created via conventional milling or turning processes or any other suitable machining process for precision machining of metal materials known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the production members can be created from ceramic materials via ceramic manufacturing processes such as, for example, casting, extrusion, or any other suitable method known to one of skill in the art.
  • Production members 500 can be made from any suitable metal or ceramic material that can tolerate the heat of combustion for the selected fuel type to be used in the modified IC engine.
  • the material used for creating production members 500 should be suitable for tolerating heat transfer rates ranging from 5 BTU/lbs-hr to 100 BTU/lbs-hr depending on the selected fuel source.
  • production members 500 may be made from steel or any other suitable material know to one of ordinary skill in the art having a heat transfer rate ranging from about 5 BTU/lbs-hr to 30 BTU/lbs-hr.
  • production members 500 may be made from iron, nodular iron or any other suitable material know to one of ordinary skill in the art having a heat transfer rate ranging from about 15 BTU/lbs-hr to 25 BTU/lbs-hr for use with ethanol, methanol, or other alcohol based fuel sources.
  • radical production members 500 are substantially circular rings that are similar in diameter to the diameter of the main combustion chambers 102 in engine block 100.
  • Production members 500 may have grooves or channels 502 formed in the outer circumferential surface of production members 500 to create a volume of space for producing and storing radical ignition species.
  • groove 502 formed in a production member 500 can be a single continuous channel spanning the complete outer circumferential surface. In other embodiments, groove 502 can be segmented in the outer circumferential surface of production member 500.
  • production members 500 have a plurality of openings or vents 504 so as to fluidly connect production members 500 with main combustion chambers 102 in engine block 100 to allow the flow of a plurality of radical ignition species into main combustion chambers 102.
  • the openings 504 are of sufficient size to allow sufficient mass transfer of radical species for radical ignition. However, the size of the openings should be sufficiently small to prevent the flame front from entering the openings and consume the radical species in the production members. The size of the openings will depend on the type of fuel being used in the IC engine but will typically be in the range of 1 to 1.5 mm in diameter.
  • Production members 500 are disposed in openings 402 within spacer plate 400 so at to be fluidly connected with combustion chambers 102.
  • production members 500 are removeably attached to spacer plate 400 and held securely in openings 402 due to tension caused by the small size difference between the diameter of the openings 402 and outer diameter of members 500.
  • members 500 can be removed and replaced with a second set of production made from a different material for use with a different fuel type. For example, a first set of members made from steel for use with diesel fuel can be easily replaced with a second set of members made from iron for use with an alcohol based fuel type.
  • spacer plate 400 and production members 500 may be attached to engine block 100 to modify a conventional IC engine to a radical ignition combustion engine.
  • a first head gasket 300 is disposed on top of engine block 100
  • spacer plate 400 is disposed on top of first head gasket 300 and production members 500 are disposed within openings 402 of the spacer plate.
  • a second head gasket 302 is disposed above spacer plate 400 and production members 500 so that spacer plate 400 and members 500 are sandwiched between first and second head gasket 300 and 302.
  • First and second head gaskets 300 and 302 are sandwiched between engine block 100 and cylinder head 200 to create a cylinder assembly for the modified IC engine.
  • a fluid seal is created at the joints between spacer plate 400 and production members 500 and it is unnecessary to permanently seal the joints. Creating a fluid seal prevents radical species from escaping production members and preserves radical species for use during the combustion cycle in the main combustion chambers.
  • a fuel control system may be added to the modified IC engine to control the flow of the fuel and radical species to main combustion chamber.
  • control devices may be modified to control the fuel flow of a modified IC engine for radical combustion.
  • computer management systems which include fuel injector controls, carburetor controls, ignitions controls, and other standard control systems may be modified for optimization of the radical combustion in the modified IC engine.
  • a spacer plate is not necessary to create a volume of space for housing production members 500. Rather, a volume of space for containing production members is created directly in engine block 100.
  • Circular channels 110 are formed in engine block 100 around the perimeter of combustion chambers 102.
  • Channels 1 10 are of sufficient diameter and depth to accommodate the largest diameter of and thickness of production members 500 such that when the production members are disposed within channels 110 the upper surfaces of the production members are flush or even with the upper surface of engine block 100.
  • Production members 500 are be disposed in channels 110 so as to be fluidly connected to main combustion chambers 102 to prevent radical species from escaping production members 500. Because the production members are disposed within engine block 100 , only a first head gasket is needed to create a fluid seal at the joint 112 between engine block 100 and production members 500.
  • channels 110 for housing production members 500 may be created in both engine block 100 and cylinder head 200 so as to create a sufficient void space for accommodating production members 500.
  • Circular channels 110 are formed in engine block 100 around the perimeter of combustion chambers 102 and in cylinder head 200 so as to correspond to the channels in engine block 100.
  • Channels 1 10 in engine block 100 are of sufficient diameter and depth to accommodate the largest diameter and a portion of the thickness of production members so that, when members are disposed within channels 110 of engine block 100 and of cylinder head 200, engine block 100 and cylinder head 200 can be secured together without a gap or void space between the engine block and cylinder head.
  • Production members 500 are be disposed in channels 1 10 so as to be fluidly connected to main combustion chambers 102.
  • production members 500 are disposed within channels 1 10 in the engine block, a head gasket 300 is disposed on above a top surface of engine block 100, and cylinder head 200 is disposed above a head gasket 300 so that the channels in cylinder head align with production members 500 and house the remaining thickness of production members which is extended above the top surface of engine block 100.
  • Engine block 100 includes a plurality of pistons 104, slidably disposed in cylinders 106 and main combustion chambers 102 are defined by an upper surface of piston 104a, the inner wall 108 of cylinders 106 and cylinder head 200.
  • Cylinder head 200 preferably includes a plurality of intake valves 202 and exhaust values 204 that are in communication with main combustion chamber 102. Additionally, cylinder head 200 may include an intake manifold, outtake manifold, and spark plugs, not shown.
  • radical species produced during a combustion cycle of the modified IC engine to assist ignition and enhance combustion.
  • the radical species in production members 500 are generally in a state of equilibrium.
  • the radical species "seed" the fuel charge in main chambers 102 for radical ignition to enhance combustion.
  • the combustion of the modified IC engine may be enhanced by optimizing the radical combustion.
  • the compression ratio for the modified IC engine may be altered. Optimization of the radical combustion in the modified IC engine can also improve the fuel economy and/or emissions of the modified IC engine in comparison to a corresponding un-altered IC engine.
  • FIG. 6 A and 6B show an exemplary cylinder sleeve or liner 60 that may be used alternatively for production and storage of radical ignition species for conversion of a conventional IC engine to a radical ignition engine for enhanced combustion.
  • a cylinder sleeve or liner is a removable cylinder bore that fits into the existing cylinder without requiring machining of the existing cylinder.
  • Cylinder liner 60 comprises a body 600, with inner 604 and outer 602 walls, a lip section 660, with outer 650, upper 630, and lower 640 surfaces, and a central bore 620 where the piston
  • the lip section 660 comprises a radical production member 610.
  • the thickness of production member 610, and likewise the thickness of lip section 660, should be sufficient to create a volume of void space for storing radical species ranging from one twentieth (1/20) to one quarter (1/4) of the volume of combustion chamber 620 when piston (not shown) is at top-dead-center.
  • Radical production members 610 include a connecting vent 612 and an opening 614.
  • the connecting vent 612 and the opening 614 fluidly connect production members 610 with main combustion chambers 620 in engine block 100 to allow the flow of a plurality of radical ignition species into main combustion chambers 620.
  • the openings 614 are of sufficient size to allow sufficient mass transfer of radical species for radical ignition. However, the size of the openings should be sufficiently small to prevent the flame front from entering the openings and consume the radical species in the production members. The size of the openings will depend on the type of fuel being used in the IC engine but will typically be in the range of 1 to 1.5 mm in diameter.
  • the length of the connecting vent 612 is sufficiently long to prevent the flame front from entering the production member 610 but still short enough to allow for sufficient mass transfer of radical species for radical ignition. In one example, this length is approximately 10 mm.
  • the cylinder liner 60 can be placed into the main combustion chamber 102 of an engine block 100 (see e.g., FIG. 1) and function similarly to radical production ring 500 shown in FIG. 3. Cylinder liner 60 can be integrated into the engine block 100 identically to the manner in which radical production ring 500 is integrated in FIGs. 1, 4, and 5, That is, the cylinder sleeve 60 can be sized and placed flush with a spacer plate 400 as in FIG. 1 , or the engine block 100 can be machined to accept the lip section 660 as in FIG. 4, or both the engine block 100 and the cylinder head 200 can be machined to to accept the lip section 660 as in FIG. 5.
  • the outer wall 602 of the cylinder liner 60 body 600 is friction fit against the cylinder wall 102. This prevents slipping of the sleeve 60 during piston 104 travel.
  • the outer 650, upper 630, and lower 640 surfaces of lip section 660 would be sized and placed so as to create a fluid seal at the joints between the surrounding components (different depending on which embodiment (e.g., FIGs 1, 4, or 5) the cylinder liner 60 is used in) and the lip section 660. It is unnecessary to permanently seal the joints. Creating a fluid seal prevents radical species from escaping production members and preserves radical species for use during the combustion cycle in the main combustion chambers.
  • the inner wall 604 of the cylinder liner 60 body 600 now becomes the surface that the piston 104 seals and slides against.
  • FIG. 7 shows a plan view of a gasket 700 with openings 702 corresponding in location to the main combustion chambers 102 in engine block 100.
  • Gasket 700 may be used in place of gasket 300 shown in FIGs. 1, 4, and 5.
  • FIG. 7 also shows two different kinds of mini chambers or reservoirs 710/ 720 for production and storage of radical ignition species for conversion of a conventional IC engine to a radical ignition engine for enhanced combustion.
  • Reservoirs 710 are circular in shape and sized to supply and store a sufficient amount of radical ignition species to effectively enhance combustion of a conventional IC engine.
  • Reservoirs 720 are contoured in such a way to match the available area in the gasket and sized to supply and store a sufficient amount of radical ignition species to effectively enhance combustion of a conventional IC engine.
  • the reservoirs 710 are connected to the gasket openings 702, and thus to the combustion chamber 102 via connecting vents 714 and opening 716.
  • the reservoirs 720 are connected to the combustion chamber openings 702, and thus to the combustion chamber 102 via connecting vents 724 and opening 726.
  • the connecting vent 714/724 and the opening 716/726 fluidly connect reservoirs 710/720 with main combustion chambers 102 in engine block 100 to allow the flow of a plurality of radical ignition species into main combustion chambers 102.
  • the openings 716/726 are of sufficient size to allow sufficient mass transfer of radical species for radical ignition.
  • the size of the openings should be sufficiently small to prevent the flame front from entering the openings and consume the radical species in the production members.
  • the size of the openings will depend on the type of fuel being used in the IC engine but, in one example, will typically be in the range of 1 to 1.5 mm in diameter.
  • the length of the connecting vent 714/724 is sufficiently long to prevent the flame front from entering the reservoirs 710/720 but still short enough to allow for sufficient mass transfer of radical species for radical ignition. In one example, this length is approximately 10 mm.
  • each of the four exemplary gasket openings 702 as many or as few of one or both kinds of reservoirs 710/720 may be connected to the each cylinder.
  • the quantity and choice of reservoirs 710/720 needed depends on the shape and size of the reservoirs available and simply needs to encompass enough volume to produce and store a sufficient amount of radical ignition species to effectively enhance combustion of a conventional IC engine.
  • the thickness and size of a plurality of reservoirs 710/720 should be sufficient to create a volume of void space for storing radical species ranging from one twentieth (1/20) to one quarter (1/4) of the volume of combustion chamber 102 when piston 104 is at top-dead-center.
  • the gasket 700 is at least 3 mm thick. Use of the reservoir gasket 700 may be used in connection with the production member 500 or cylinder liner 60, but may be used in place of these components to provide sufficient production and storage volume for the radical ignition species.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés et un appareil permettant de modifier un moteur à combustion interne pour une combustion à allumage radical en vue de faciliter l'allumage et d'améliorer la combustion. Dans un mode de réalisation, la présente invention comprend un procédé de modification d'un moteur à combustion interne doté d'un ou de plusieurs cylindres pour commander la production et le flux d'espèces à allumage radical. Un procédé illustratif comprend l'insertion d'une chemise de cylindre dans le ou les cylindres, la chemise de cylindre comprenant un ou plusieurs éléments de production radicaux pour la fourniture et le stockage d'espèces à allumage radical. Le procédé comprend en outre la fixation de la chemise de cylindre et du ou des éléments de production radicaux sur le bloc moteur. Un autre procédé illustratif comprend l'insertion d'une plaque d'écartement de cylindre dotée d'une ou de plusieurs ouvertures et du ou des éléments de production radicaux pour la fourniture et le stockage d'espèces à allumage radical. Le procédé comprend en outre la fixation de la plaque d'écartement sur le bloc moteur.
PCT/US2011/023392 2010-02-03 2011-02-01 Modification d'un moteur à combustion interne pour une combustion à allumage radical WO2011097253A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/699,341 US20110186001A1 (en) 2010-02-03 2010-02-03 Modifying an Internal Combustion Engine for Radical Ignition Combustion
US12/699,341 2010-02-03
US12/916,308 2010-10-29
US12/916,308 US20120103287A1 (en) 2010-10-29 2010-10-29 Modifying an Internal Combustion Engine for Radical Ignition Combustion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011097253A1 true WO2011097253A1 (fr) 2011-08-11

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT522742A1 (de) * 2019-06-28 2021-01-15 Avl List Gmbh Zylinderkopfdichtung

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1341030A (fr) * 1962-10-05 1963-10-25 Perfectionnements dans la construction de moteurs à combustion interne
JPS5896123A (ja) * 1981-12-01 1983-06-08 Mitsugi Aoyama 二段圧縮して熱風着火させる省エネ無公害エンジン
WO1988000281A1 (fr) * 1986-07-09 1988-01-14 Engine Technology Limited Systeme de combustion a phases multiples pour moteurs a piston a combustion interne
JPH04140419A (ja) * 1990-09-29 1992-05-14 Mazda Motor Corp エンジンの燃焼室構造
JPH0536034U (ja) * 1991-10-18 1993-05-18 三菱自動車工業株式会社 内燃エンジンの燃焼室構造
JPH07306109A (ja) * 1994-05-13 1995-11-21 Hitachi Ltd 光ファイバ筒内圧センサおよび該センサを用いたエンジン制御システム
US20050006854A1 (en) * 2003-07-08 2005-01-13 Armin Diez Cylinder head gasket

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1341030A (fr) * 1962-10-05 1963-10-25 Perfectionnements dans la construction de moteurs à combustion interne
JPS5896123A (ja) * 1981-12-01 1983-06-08 Mitsugi Aoyama 二段圧縮して熱風着火させる省エネ無公害エンジン
WO1988000281A1 (fr) * 1986-07-09 1988-01-14 Engine Technology Limited Systeme de combustion a phases multiples pour moteurs a piston a combustion interne
JPH04140419A (ja) * 1990-09-29 1992-05-14 Mazda Motor Corp エンジンの燃焼室構造
JPH0536034U (ja) * 1991-10-18 1993-05-18 三菱自動車工業株式会社 内燃エンジンの燃焼室構造
JPH07306109A (ja) * 1994-05-13 1995-11-21 Hitachi Ltd 光ファイバ筒内圧センサおよび該センサを用いたエンジン制御システム
US20050006854A1 (en) * 2003-07-08 2005-01-13 Armin Diez Cylinder head gasket

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT522742A1 (de) * 2019-06-28 2021-01-15 Avl List Gmbh Zylinderkopfdichtung
AT522742B1 (de) * 2019-06-28 2021-12-15 Avl List Gmbh Zylinderkopfdichtung

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