WO2011096190A1

WO2011096190A1 - Process for production of phosphate fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and carbonized product of dead domestic animal

Info

Publication number: WO2011096190A1
Application number: PCT/JP2011/000531
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孝晏清水; 照夫松中
Original assignee: 株式会社Ｓ・Ｓ研究所; 学校法人酪農学園
Priority date: 2010-02-04
Filing date: 2011-01-31
Publication date: 2011-08-11
Also published as: JP2011178653A

Abstract

Disclosed is a novel use application of a carbonized product of a dead domestic animal. It is found that a carbonized product of a dead domestic animal exhibits an excellent fertilizing effect for use as a phosphate fertilizer. The production of a phosphate fertilizer comprises a step of carbonizing a dead domestic animal. In the production of the phosphate fertilizer, it is preferred that the treatment atmosphere for the carbonization of the dead domestic animal be rendered oxygen-free before the carbonization is carried out. In the production of the phosphate fertilizer, it is also preferred that the treatment atmosphere for the carbonization of the dead domestic animal be purged by nitrogen to form a nitrogen atmosphere. A dead domestic animal can be utilized effectively as a phosphate fertilizer when converted into a carbonized product.

Description

Phosphate fertilizer manufacturing method, phosphate fertilizer, dead animal livestock carbide

The present invention relates to a method for producing phosphate fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and dead animal livestock carbide.

Shimizu, whose name is the inventor column of the present application, is a process capable of efficiently carbonizing organic solid waste represented by dead animals such as dead dairy cows, pigs, sheep, chickens, bears, and todos in Patent Document 1. The method has already been reported.

JP 2009-144120 A

In the above Reference 1, the application of carbide is a future research subject, but as a vague image, (a) soil improvement material, (b) improvement of heating material, and (c) environmental improvement material of house are listed. Was. See especially paragraph number 0049 of document 1 above. However, as a matter of fact, there was no particular use for the charcoal of dead animals, and there was nothing but to dispose of it.

Therefore, the inventors of the present application focused on the soil improvement material described above in order to provide an application example of the charcoal of dead beasts with certain support, and continued research and development aiming at completion of the invention. . As the soil improving material, for example, there are firstly used applications such as those for improving the water content of soil, those for providing habitat for microorganisms in the soil, and those for purifying the soil itself. However, the inventors of the present application, after extensive research, show that there is an excellent fertilization effect on the charcoal of the dead animal livestock, specifically, compared to the general chemical fertilizer for the charcoal of the dead animal livestock. We found out that it has excellent fertilization effect as a phosphate fertilizer.

(1) That is, according to the viewpoint of this invention, manufacture of a phosphate fertilizer is performed with the following method. That is, the method includes a step of carbonizing a dead animal. It has been found that the charcoal of the dead animal obtained by the process of carbonizing the dead animal shows an excellent fertilizing effect as a phosphate fertilizer even when compared with a general chemical fertilizer.

(2) It is preferable that the manufacturing method of said phosphate fertilizer further includes the process of dehydrating a dead animal animal before the said carbonization process. Thereby, the time required for the process of carbonizing a dead animal can be shortened.

(3) It is preferable that the manufacturing method of said phosphate fertilizer further includes the process which makes a process atmosphere oxygen-free atmosphere before the said carbonization process. Thereby, discharge | emission of environmental pollutants, such as a carbon dioxide, can be suppressed.

(4) It is preferable that the manufacturing method of said phosphate fertilizer further includes the process which makes processing atmosphere nitrogen atmosphere before the said carbonization process.

(5) According to another aspect of the present invention, the phosphate fertilizer is mainly composed of carbides of dead animals. That is, it has been found that the dead animal livestock exhibits excellent fertilization effect as a phosphate fertilizer even when compared with general chemical fertilizers.

(6) From another point of view, the charcoal of dead animals can be used as phosphate fertilizer.

According to the invention of the present application, it is possible to provide an application example of carbide of a dead animal animal with certain support.

Partial cutaway perspective view of carbonization processing equipment Phosphate fertilizer manufacturing flow Test conditions (test treatment and nutrient application) Test conditions (general properties of the test soil) Test conditions (general properties of test cow carbide) Test result (fertilization effect of chemical fertilizer) Test results (carbide fertilization effect) Test results (Comparison of fertilizer effect between chemical fertilizer and carbide, no ammonium sulfate added) Test result (Comparison of fertilizer effect between chemical fertilizer and carbide, with ammonium sulfate addition) A case of P deficiency Cases of N deficiency Test result (Comparison of fertilizer effect between chemical fertilizer and carbide) Test result (Comparison of fertilizer effect between chemical fertilizer and carbide)

In the present specification, “P” in terms of P deficiency and P content, as a rule, means phosphorus.

Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the phosphoric acid fertilizer which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated, referring FIG.1 and FIG.2.

As shown in FIG. 1, a carbonization treatment apparatus 100 provided for the production of phosphoric acid fertilizer according to the present embodiment includes an outer box 1 and an inner cylinder 2 installed in the outer box 1 as main components. ing.

The outer box 1 is formed in a sealed box shape having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped space inside, and each wall has a structure in which a heat insulating material made of fiberboard is sandwiched between stainless steel plates. Openings 4 communicating with the inner cylinder 2 are formed in the pair of side walls 3 of the outer box 1.

The inner cylinder 2 is a cylinder made of a stainless steel plate. The carbonization chamber 5 formed inside the inner cylinder 2 is configured to be accessible from the outside through the opening 4. A carry-in lid 6 that seals the carbonization chamber 5 of the inner cylinder 2 is attached to each side wall 3 of the outer box 1 so as to be freely opened and closed. The sealed space between the outer box 1 and the inner cylinder 2 is used as the heating chamber 7.

Next, the detailed configuration will be described.

A decompression hole 8, a nitrogen sealing hole 9, and a pair of drain holes 10 are formed in the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 2.

A decompression device 11 is connected to the decompression hole 8, and the pressure inside the inner cylinder 2 can be decompressed to reach 2 Torr, for example.

A nitrogen supply device 12 is connected to the nitrogen sealing hole 9 so that nitrogen can be supplied into the inner cylinder 2.

The drain hole 10 is connected to a drain tank (not shown) via a drain pipe (not shown) so that a liquid (for example, moisture, blood, oil) generated in the inner cylinder 2 can be collected. Yes.

A pair of burners 13 are attached to one side wall 3 of the outer box 1. A pair of gas discharge holes 14 are formed on the upper wall of the outer box 1.

Each burner 13 supplies a heating fluid into the heating chamber 7 using, for example, LPG (Liquefied petroleum gas) as a fuel. The heated fluid supplied into the heating chamber 7 is sent to the outside through the gas discharge hole 14 or to an exhaust gas processing device (not shown) by a chimney effect.

The carbonization chamber 5 and the heating chamber 7 are provided with

thermometers

5a and 7a for monitoring the indoor temperature, respectively. In the carbonization chamber 5, a number of rollers 16 are arranged side by side for smoothly moving the two-dot chain line tray 15 containing the object to be carbonized in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 2. These rollers 16 are made of, for example, Silicoloy (registered trademark), and are rotatably supported on a roller bracket rail (not shown).

Furthermore, the carbonization apparatus 100 is provided with a control device 200 composed of, for example, a personal computer. The control device 200 has a CPU (Central Processing Unit) as an arithmetic processor, a read / write RAM (Random Access Memory), and a read-only ROM (Read Only Memory), and a program stored in the ROM is executed on the CPU. By being executed sequentially, hardware such as a CPU can freely control the decompression device 11, the nitrogen supply device 12, and the burner 13, and obtain the outputs of the

thermometers

5a and 7a.

(Operation: See Fig. 2)
In order to produce phosphate fertilizer using the carbonization apparatus 100 described above (S300), first, dead animals are dismantled and cut into pieces that can be accommodated in the tray 15 having a floor area of, for example, 900 mm square (S310). ). In this dismantling, it is preferable to immerse the dead animal in advance in liquid nitrogen and harden, and then grind it with a commercially available grinder.

Next, the dead animal animal cut into pieces is accommodated in the tray 15 and carried into the inner cylinder 2 of the carbonization apparatus 100 (S320). As shown in FIG. 1, the carbonization processing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment can accommodate four trays 15 at the same time. For example, assuming that one tray 15 can accommodate 200 kg of the carbonization target object, the calculation is such that 800 kg of the carbonization target object can be carbonized with one charge.

(Vacuum dehydration process: S330)
Next, the control device 200 is operated. The control device 200 controls the pressure reducing device 11 as appropriate to reduce the pressure in the inner cylinder 2 to, for example, 2 Torr (S330). Thereby, oxygen in the inner cylinder 2 is discharged to the outside as much as possible, and a so-called oxygen-free atmosphere is formed. When the pressure reduction is completed, the control device 200 continues the state for about 20 minutes. Thereby, dehydration of the dead animal livestock accommodated in the inner cylinder 2 is performed (S330). The water, blood, and oil evaporated from the dead animal are sucked and collected by the decompression device 11 or collected through the drain hole 10. At this time, the control device 200 preferably heats the heating chamber 7 by appropriately controlling the burner 13 so that the processing atmosphere temperature in the inner cylinder 2 is approximately 150 ° C. This is because the dehydration is performed efficiently.

(Nitrogen filling process: S340)
Next, the control device 200 controls the nitrogen supply device 12 as appropriate so that the inner cylinder 2 has a nitrogen atmosphere (S340). That is, at this time, the processing atmosphere in the inner cylinder 2 is an oxygen-free and nitrogen atmosphere.

(Carbonization process: S350)
Next, the control device 200 appropriately controls the burner 13 to heat the nitrogen atmosphere in the inner cylinder 2 to about 450 ° C. and to maintain the state for about 4 hours. Thereby, the dead animal livestock accommodated in the inner cylinder 2 will be carbonized without leaving (S350). At this time, since the dead animal livestock has been subjected to dehydration treatment in advance, shortening of the treatment time required for the carbonization treatment and carbonization treatment at a low temperature (450 ° C.) are realized. Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of dioxin is suppressed by the carbonization process by low temperature. Moreover, since the treatment atmosphere in the inner cylinder 2 is an oxygen-free atmosphere, the generation of carbon dioxide is strongly suppressed. In Japan, it is said that it is necessary to heat at a temperature of 1000 ° C. for 30 minutes in order to use a dead animal animal as fertilizer in consideration of related laws and regulations. Therefore, there is a case where the dead animal animal or the dead animal animal animal is heated under the condition of 1000 ° C. for 30 minutes in the form before and after the above carbonization treatment.

(Water cooling process: S360)
Next, the control device 200 water-cools the inner cylinder 2 for about 30 minutes by water cooling means (not shown) (S360).

The process from the vacuum dehydration process (S330) to the water cooling process (S360) described above is completed in 1 charge and 5 hours in total.

Next, the carbonized dead animal is transported from the carbonization processing apparatus 100 together with the tray 15 (S370), and is pulverized by a pulverizer (not shown) so that the particle size is approximately 3 mm or less so that it can be easily used as fertilizer (S380). ). Thus, the manufacture of phosphate fertilizer is completed (S390).

(Effectiveness confirmation test)
Next, we report on the tests carried out to confirm the fertilization effect of the charcoal when dead charcoal charcoal is used as phosphate fertilizer. The fertilization effect of dead animal livestock as a phosphate fertilizer is supported by the following tests. Note that the prototype was corn, and the carbide was further pulverized and passed through a 1 mm sieve to be used as a fine-grained carbide for the test.

(Test conditions)
3 to 5 show the test conditions. In FIG. 3, “material” means the type of fertilizer applied to the soil in each pot. “Non-applied” means that neither bovine charcoal (hereinafter, also simply referred to as charcoal) nor chemical fertilizer (a composite fertilizer containing ammonium sulfate, superphosphate lime, and sulfurized) is applied. The unit of numerical values in the table of FIG. 3 is g / pot. “Bray P” means available phosphorus measured by the Bray No. 2 method. “Truog P” means available phosphorus measured by the Truog method. “N application amount” means an application amount of ammonium sulfate applied separately (applied separately from application of carbide and chemical fertilizer). Therefore, “N-” in the “Treatment Zone Name” column means that ammonium sulfate has not been applied, and “N +” means that a predetermined amount of ammonium sulfate has been separately applied. I mean. In addition, in the table, the “material raw material application amount” of “low charcoal” is 61 g / pot, which is an amount corresponding to about 30 t / ha.

Fig. 4 shows the analysis values of the general properties of the test soil used in this test. The test soil of this time is a thick layered humus black soil derived from volcanic ash (sampling land: Shibetsu-cho, Nemuro branch office, Hokkaido). Phosphorus absorption coefficient is extremely large, and applied phosphorus is fixed to the soil It has the characteristic that it is difficult to be absorbed by crops. Based on the results of the soil diagnosis shown in FIG. 4, the effective phosphorus content for the crops in this soil is only to the extent that the crops are deficient, and the soil is extremely deficient in phosphorus.

Fig. 5 shows analytical values of the general properties of the test bovine carbide used in each test. As can be seen from the table of FIG. 5, the test cow charcoal has an effect of increasing the pH of the soil when applied to the above-mentioned black soil having a high pH and a low pH. The phosphorus content is large and N, K, Ca and Mg are also included. It is thought that there is a good effect on the growth of crops grown in soil deficient in phosphorus. In addition, the data of the table | surface of FIG. 5 are the average values of the carbide | carbonized_material obtained by carbonizing the whole cow body.

In addition, in order to fairly evaluate the superiority or inferiority of the fertilization effect of the carbide and chemical fertilizer as phosphate fertilizer, in FIG. 3, the chemical fertilizer is NH ₄ -N (10% potassium chloride acceptable) contained in the applied carbide. Dissolved), Toluogue P (P extracted by Toruogue method) and 1 mol ammonium acetate (pH 7.0) so as to be equal to the soluble K amount, it is given by ammonium sulfate, phosphoperphosphate and vulcanized.

(Test result: Fig. 6)
In FIG. 6, the presence or absence of the fertilizer effect of the chemical fertilizer is independently verified (without comparing with the carbide). The photograph in FIG. 6 was taken 45 days after sowing (the same applies to FIGS. 7 to 11 below). According to FIG. 6, it can be seen that even when chemical fertilizer is applied, the leaves are small and glossy, and typical P deficiency (phosphate deficiency) has developed. From this, it can be understood that the amount of P applied as a chemical fertilizer was small for normal growth of corn.

(Test result: Fig. 7)
In FIG. 7, the presence or absence of the fertilization effect of the carbide is verified independently (without comparing with the chemical fertilizer). According to FIG. 7, it can be seen that when the carbide is applied, all the leaves are large and glossy, and P deficiency can be avoided. From this, it can be seen that the effect of carbide as a phosphate fertilizer is extremely large. However, in the pots to which ammonium sulfate was not applied, the leaf color was slightly worse compared to the separately applied pots, and a slight growth failure (that is, N deficiency) was observed. In other words, the application of a small amount of carbide (61g / pot) sufficiently satisfies the P requirement of corn, the growth is vigorous, and the N requirement increased by vigorous growth is insufficient for N derived from carbide. I understand that.

(Test result: Fig. 8)
In FIG. 8, it verifies, comparing the fertilizer effect of a chemical fertilizer and the fertilizer effect of a carbide | carbonized_material in the case where the ammonium sulfate is not administered separately. According to FIG. 8, it can be seen that the leaves are larger in size and gloss is better when the carbide is applied than when the chemical fertilizer is applied. Therefore, it was confirmed that the fertilization effect of the carbide as a phosphate fertilizer is far superior to that of a chemical fertilizer equivalent to the effective state P as Toluogue P.

(Test result: Fig. 9)
In FIG. 9, it verifies, comparing the fertilization effect of a chemical fertilizer and the fertilization effect of a carbide | carbonized_material when an ammonium sulfate is separately given. FIG. 9 also shows that the leaves are larger and the gloss is better when the carbide is applied than when the chemical fertilizer is applied. Therefore, it was confirmed once again that the fertilization effect of the carbide as a phosphate fertilizer is superior to the fertilization effect of a chemical fertilizer equivalent to the effective state P as Toluog P as a phosphate fertilizer.

(Test results: FIGS. 10 and 11)
In FIG. 10, P deficiency developed in a bowl (carbonless N− or charcoal N + in FIG. 3) not applied with carbide is shown enlarged for reference. This indicates that the soil used in this experiment is extremely deficient in P. Further, FIG. 11 shows, for reference, N deficiency developed in a bowl (chart N— in FIG. 3) that was given carbide but not separately supplied with ammonium sulfate. Refer to the discussion about the test results in FIG. 7 for the reason why the symptoms of N deficiency are shown.

(Test result: Fig. 12)
FIG. 12 shows the results of taking out the corn on the 45th day after sowing from the pot, cutting the taken out corn into the above-ground part and the root part, and measuring the amount of each dry matter. According to FIG. 12, it can be seen that both the above-ground part and the root part are superior from the viewpoint of the amount of dry matter when the carbide is applied, compared to the case where the chemical fertilizer is applied. This clearly shows that the carbide has an effect as a phosphate fertilizer, and also shows that there is a fertilization effect more than the effect when P, which is considered to be effective as Toruog P, is applied with a chemical fertilizer. . In other words, it is clearly suggested that P in the carbide contains more effective P than P extracted by the Torugue method.

(Test result: Fig. 13)
In FIG. 13, the corn on the 45th day after sowing is taken out from the pot, the removed corn is cut into the above-ground part and the root part, dried and ground, then decomposed with sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and all the P contained in the plant body is removed. Each P content and P content calculated from the results of analysis by the domolybdic acid method are shown. According to FIG. 13, both from the viewpoint of the P content and from the viewpoint of the P content, the carbide is fertilized as a phosphate fertilizer as compared with the chemical fertilizer given the amount corresponding to the effective state P as Toluog P Is overwhelmingly superior.

<Summary>
(1) As described above, in the present embodiment, the manufacture of phosphate fertilizer is performed by a method including a step of carbonizing a dead animal. That is, the present inventors have found that the dead animal livestock obtained by the carbonizing treatment of the dead livestock exhibits an excellent fertilizing effect as a phosphate fertilizer even when compared with general chemical fertilizers.

(2) It is preferable to further include a step of dehydrating a dead animal animal before the carbonization treatment. Thereby, the time required for the process of carbonizing a dead animal can be shortened. Therefore, the energy consumed for combustion and the resulting CO ₂ emissions can be greatly reduced.

(3) It is preferable to further include a step of making the treatment atmosphere an oxygen-free atmosphere before the carbonization treatment. Thereby, discharge | emission of environmental pollutants, such as a carbon dioxide, can be suppressed.

(4) It is preferable to further include a step of setting the treatment atmosphere to a nitrogen atmosphere before the carbonization treatment.

(5, 6) Phosphate fertilizer can be mentioned as a new use of carbides of dead animals. And by the above specification, it reports that the phosphate fertilizer which made the carbide | carbonized_material of dead animal livestock the unpredictable fertilization effect as a phosphate fertilizer (a fertilization effect greatly exceeded a chemical fertilizer) was reported.

The dead animal is not limited to the dairy cows exemplified in the above embodiment, and may be, for example, pigs, sheep, chickens, bears, and todos.

As mentioned above, by recycling the charcoal of dead animals as phosphate fertilizer, a natural circulation type distribution system is constructed, and it can be expected to contribute to the conservation of the global environment that has recently been brought up. The technical idea of the present application will greatly contribute to alleviating the recent phosphorus depletion problem.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer box 2 Inner cylinder 100 Carbonization processing apparatus

Claims

A method for producing phosphate fertilizer, including a step of carbonizing a dead animal.
A method for producing a phosphate fertilizer according to claim 1,
A method for producing phosphate fertilizer, further comprising a step of dehydrating a dead animal animal before the carbonization treatment.
A method for producing a phosphate fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2,
The manufacturing method of a phosphoric acid fertilizer which further includes the process which makes a process atmosphere oxygen-free atmosphere before the said carbonization process.
A method for producing a phosphate fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The manufacturing method of a phosphoric acid fertilizer which further includes the process which makes process atmosphere nitrogen atmosphere before the said carbonization process.
燐 Phosphate fertilizer mainly composed of carbide from dead animals.
・ Carbide from dead animals used as phosphate fertilizer.