WO2011095005A1 - 风力发电机安全自动制动装置 - Google Patents

风力发电机安全自动制动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011095005A1
WO2011095005A1 PCT/CN2010/076892 CN2010076892W WO2011095005A1 WO 2011095005 A1 WO2011095005 A1 WO 2011095005A1 CN 2010076892 W CN2010076892 W CN 2010076892W WO 2011095005 A1 WO2011095005 A1 WO 2011095005A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clutch
inner ring
friction disc
rotor
generator
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Application number
PCT/CN2010/076892
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙建国
胡振其
杨明发
Original Assignee
浙江风光机电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 浙江风光机电科技有限公司 filed Critical 浙江风光机电科技有限公司
Publication of WO2011095005A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011095005A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/006—Means for protecting the generator by using control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes
    • H02K7/1021—Magnetically influenced friction brakes
    • H02K7/1023—Magnetically influenced friction brakes using electromagnets
    • H02K7/1025—Magnetically influenced friction brakes using electromagnets using axial electromagnets with generally annular air gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/06—Control effected upon clutch or other mechanical power transmission means and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/90—Braking
    • F05B2260/902—Braking using frictional mechanical forces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/107—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/303—Temperature
    • F05B2270/3032—Temperature excessive temperatures, e.g. caused by overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/304—Spool rotational speed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of generators, and in particular relates to a superheat overspeed protection device for a wind power generator.
  • the wind power generation device is in the natural environment, the wind speed changes frequently and the range of variation is large, and the ambient temperature changes greatly. Therefore, the harsh working environment often causes the generator to overspeed and overheat and cause failure. To ensure the long-term normal operation of the wind turbine, it must be An overspeed and overheat protection device is installed on the wind turbine.
  • An overspeed and overheat protection device is installed on the wind turbine.
  • the existing over-speed protection of wind turbines mostly uses multiple instantaneous electric short-circuit brake devices.
  • sudden short-term electric short-circuit braking often occurs. Damage to the rotating wind blade and the web connecting the wind blade and the entire wind wheel device.
  • the technical solution of the present invention comprises: a stator, a stator shaft and a rotor, wherein one end of the stator shaft is mounted with an electromagnetic clutch, and the electromagnetic clutch is provided with a clutch lands that are movably coupled with the rotor, and the coil and the counter of the electromagnetic clutch
  • the variable and relay controllers are connected, and the inverter and the relay controller are connected to the temperature and/or speed sensors of the generator.
  • the electromagnetic clutch is composed of an electromagnetic coil, a circular armature, a clutch yoke, an outer friction disc for clamping the clutch lands, and an inner friction disc.
  • the electromagnetic coil is mounted on the positioning flange at the lower end of the stator shaft, the outer friction disc and
  • the inner ring of the inner friction disc is respectively sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of a plurality of guiding keys radially evenly distributed on the stator shaft, and the inner ring of the circular armature sleeve is sleeved on the lower extending ring of the inner ring of the lower friction disc, the circular armature and the ring
  • the inner ring side of the outer friction disc is connected by an axial screw, and the inner friction disc is slidably connected to the middle part of the axial screw through a plurality of screw holes uniformly distributed on the inner ring side, and the inner ring of the clutch connecting disc is connected to the outer friction disc On the bearing fixed on the outer side of the inner ring
  • the sensor of the generator includes a temperature sensor mounted in the stator coil and/or a speed sensor mounted on the rotor.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are: real-time monitoring of the generator coil temperature and the rotor speed through the electronic sensor, and transmitting the monitoring signal to the inverter and the relay controller in time, when the over-temperature or over-speed signal is sent to the inverter, the relay controller When the relay controller is powered off, the normally open clutch is closed and the brake wind turbine is operated.
  • the device has a simple structure, automatic and fast action, and is safe and reliable.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an electromagnetic clutch of the present invention mounted on one end of a stator shaft.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a clutch lands of an electromagnetic clutch.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A - A of Figure 3;
  • the wind power generator of the embodiment is a wind turbine direct drive permanent magnet generator, comprising a stator 2, a stator shaft 3 and a rotor 1.
  • An electromagnetic clutch 9 is mounted on one end of the stator shaft 3, and the electromagnetic clutch 9 is provided with an active coupling with the rotor.
  • the clutch 902 is connected, the coil 906 of the electromagnetic clutch is connected to the inverter and the relay controller 7, and the inverter and relay controller 7 are connected to the sensor of the generator.
  • the inverter, relay controller 7 is mounted on the fixed flange 6 of the lower end positioning flange 5 of the stator shaft 3, and the sensor of the generator includes a temperature sensor 11 mounted in the stator coil 201 and/or mounted on the rotor end cover 102.
  • Speed sensor 10 on.
  • the electromagnetic clutch 9 is composed of an electromagnetic coil 906, a circular armature 905, a clutch yoke 902, an outer friction disc 901 holding the clutch yoke 902, and an inner friction disc 903.
  • the electromagnetic coil 906 is mounted on the stator shaft by a screw 907.
  • the lower end of the positioning flange 5, the inner ring of the outer friction plate 901 and the inner friction plate 903 are respectively sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the plurality of guiding keys 4 which are radially evenly distributed on the stator shaft 3, and the inner ring of the circular ring armature 905 Attached to the lower extension ring of the inner ring of the lower friction disc 903, the annular armature 905 is positioned and connected to the inner ring side of the outer friction disc 901 by an axial screw 909, and the inner friction disc 903 is passed through a plurality of screws uniformly distributed on the inner ring side.
  • the hole is sleeved on the middle portion of the axial screw 909, and the inner ring of the clutch plate 902 is connected to the outer friction
  • the inner surface of the inner ring of the disk 901 is fixed on the outer side of the bearing 910.
  • the disk surface of the clutch plate 902 is movably clamped between the friction plates 911 of the inner and outer friction plates, and the outer peripheral edge of the clutch plate 902 is evenly arranged upward.
  • the convex arc strip 9021 and the slot 9022 between the arc strips 9021 constitute a snap groove which cooperates with the convex block 1011 uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor end cover 101, and the electromagnetic coil 906 and the circular armature 905
  • a plurality of axial first springs 908 are mounted uniformly, and a plurality of axial second springs 904 are uniformly disposed between the circular armature 905 and the inner friction disc 903.
  • the electromagnetic coil 906 is directly energized, and the annular armature 905 and the outer friction disc 901 and the inner friction disc 903 of the clutch yoke 902 are connected to the annular armature 905.
  • the clutch lands 902 are separated from the generator rotor 1.
  • the relay controller is powered off, causing the electromagnetic coil 906 to lose power, and then the dragging of the circular armature 905 is lost.
  • the clutch yoke 902 is engaged with the generator rotor 1 to brake the wind turbine.
  • the clutch yoke 902 Since the clutch yoke 902 is elastically held by the friction plates 911 of the inner and outer friction plates and is rotatable around the stator shaft 3, the braking process is cushioned and does not impact damage to the wind wheels.
  • the sensing signal after the generator temperature and speed is normal is sent to the inverter and the relay controller 7, the relay controller is powered to restore the power supply to the electromagnetic coil 906, and the clutch 902 is connected to generate electricity.
  • the rotor 1 is separated and the wind turbine is put into normal operation. Brake and reset work is sensitive, fast, safe and reliable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

说 明 书 风力发电机安全自动制动装置
技术领域
本发明属于发电机技术领域，特别是涉及风力发电机的过热超速保护装置。
背景技术
风力发电装置处于自然环境中， 风速变化频繁且变化范围大， 环境温度变 化大， 因而， 恶劣的工作环境常常会造成发电机超速、 过热而引起故障， 为保 证风力发电机能长期正常运转， 必须在风力发电机上设置超速、过热保护装置。 但目前， 现有的风力发电机超速保护， 大多釆用多次瞬间电短路剎车装置， 然 而在风力大、 风轮转速高而转动力矩很大的状态下， 突然瞬间电短路刹车， 常 常会损坏转动的风叶片及连接风叶片的幅条和整个风轮装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的， 是提供一种结构简单、 使用安全可靠的风力发电机安全自 动制动装置。
本发明的技术解决方案为： 它包括定子、 定子轴和转子， 所述定子轴的一 端上安装有电磁离合器， 电磁离合器上设有与转子活动配接的离合连接盘， 电 磁离合器的线圈与逆变、 继电控制器相连接， 逆变、 继电控制器与发电机的温 度和 /或速度传感器相连接。
所述电磁离合器是由电磁线圈、 圆环形衔铁、 离合连接盘、 夹持离合连接 盘的外摩擦盘和内摩擦盘组成， 电磁线圈安装于定子轴下端的定位法兰上， 外 摩擦盘和内摩擦盘的内圈分别套接在定子轴上径向均布的若干导接键外周面 上， 圆环形衔铁内圈套接于下摩擦盘内圈的下延圈上， 圆环形衔铁与外摩擦盘 的内圈侧通过轴向螺钉定位连接， 内摩擦盘则通过内圈侧均布的若干螺钉孔活 动套接在所述轴向螺钉中段上， 离合连接盘内圈连接于外摩擦盘内圈下延圈外 侧上固定的轴承上， 离合连接盘的盘面被活动夹持于内、 外摩擦盘的摩擦片之 间， 电磁线圈与圆环形衔铁之间均布安装有若干轴向第一弹簧， 圆环形衔铁与 内摩擦盘之间均布安装有若干轴向第二弹簧。
所述发电机的传感器包括安装于定子线圈中的温度传感器和 /或安装于转 子上的速度传感器。
本发明的有益效果是： 通过电子传感器实时监测发电机线圈温度和转子转 速， 并将监测信号及时传送给逆变、 继电控制器， 当超温或超速信号送达逆变、 继电控制器时，继电控制器即断电使常开的离合器闭合而制动风力发电机运转。 本装置结构简单， 动作自动、 快捷， 安全可靠。
附图说明
图 1为本发明总体结构示意图。
图 2为本发明的电磁离合器安装于定子轴一端上的结构示意图。
图 3为电磁离合器的离合连接盘结构示意图。
图 4为图 3的 A - A剖面图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
本实施例的风力发电机是风轮直驱动永磁发电机， 包括定子 2、 定子轴 3 和转子 1，定子轴 3的一端上安装有电磁离合器 9, 电磁离合器 9上设有与转子 活动配接的离合连接盘 902， 电磁离合器的线圈 906与逆变、 继电控制器 7相 连接， 逆变、 继电控制器 7与发电机的传感器相连接。 逆变、 继电控制器 7安 装于定子轴 3下端定位法兰 5的固定法兰 6上， 而发电机的传感器包括安装于 定子线圈 201中的温度传感器 11和 /或安装于转子端盖 102上的速度传感器 10。 所述电磁离合器 9是由电磁线圈 906、 圆环形衔铁 905、 离合连接盘 902、 夹持 离合连接盘 902的外摩擦盘 901和内摩擦盘 903组成， 电磁线圈 906通过螺钉 907安装于定子轴 3下端的定位法兰 5上， 外摩擦盘 901和内摩擦盘 903的内 圈分别套接在定子轴 3上径向均布的若干导接键 4外周面上， 圆环形衔铁 905 内圈套接于下摩擦盘 903内圈的下延圈上， 圆环形衔铁 905与外摩擦盘 901的 内圈侧通过轴向螺钉 909定位连接， 内摩擦盘 903则通过内圈侧均布的若干螺 钉孔活动套接在所述轴向螺钉 909中段上， 离合连接盘 902内圈连接于外摩擦 盘 901内圈下延圈外侧上固定的轴承 910上， 离合连接盘 902的盘面被活动夹 持于内、 外摩擦盘的摩擦片 911之间， 离合连接盘 902外周缘边均布有若干向 上凸起的弧条 9021 , 各弧条 9021之间的槽腔 9022即构成与转子端盖 101外周 面上均布的凸块 1011相配合的卡接槽，电磁线圈 906与圆环形衔铁 905之间均 布安装有若干轴向第一弹簧 908, 圆环形衔铁 905与内摩擦盘 903之间均布安 装有若干轴向第二弹簧 904。
正常工作状态下， 电磁线圈 906—直通电， 而拖吸住圆环形衔铁 905及与 圆环形衔铁 905连接在一起的夹持离合连接盘 902的外摩擦盘 901和内摩擦盘 903, 使离合连接盘 902与发电机转子 1分离。 当发电机超温和 /或超速传感信 号送达逆变、 继电控制器 7时， 其继电控制器即断电而使电磁线圈 906失电， 继而失去对圆环形衔铁 905的拖吸作用， 此时在第一弹簧 908和第二弹簧 904 的推动下， 离合连接盘 902与发电机转子 1接合而制动风力发电机运转。 由于 离合连接盘 902是被内、 外摩擦盘的摩擦片 911弹性夹持的， 而且能围绕定子 轴 3转动， 因此制动过程是缓冲式的， 不会冲击损害风轮。 而当发电机温度和 速度正常后的传感信号送达逆变、 继电控制器 7时， 其继电控制器得电而恢复 对电磁线圈 906的供电， 则使离合连接盘 902又与发电机转子 1分离， 风力发 电机又投入正常运转。 制动及复位工作灵敏、 快速而安全可靠。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种风力发电机安全自动制动装置， 包括定子（2)、 定子轴（3)和转 子（1), 其特征在于定子轴（2)的一端上安装有电磁离合器（9), 电磁离合器
(9)上设有与转子活动配接的离合连接盘（902), 电磁离合器的线圈 （906) 与逆变、 继电控制器 7相连接， 逆变、 继电控制器 7与发电机的温度和 /或速度 传感器相连接。
2、 按权利要求 1所述的风力发电机安全自动制动装置， 其特征在于电磁离 合器（9)是由电磁线圈（906)、 圆环形衔铁（ 905 )、 离合连接盘（902)、 夹持 离合连接盘（ 902 )的外摩擦盘（ 901 )和内摩擦盘（ 903 )组成， 电磁线圏（ 906 ) 安装于定子轴（ 3 )下端的定位法兰（ 4 )上， 外摩擦盘（ 901 )和内摩擦盘（ 903 ) 的内圈分别套接在定子轴（3)上径向均布的若干导接键（4)外周面上， 圆环 形衔铁（905)内圈套接于下摩擦盘（903)内圈的下延圈上， 圆环形衔铁（905) 与外摩擦盘（901) 的内圈侧通过轴向螺钉（909)定位连接， 内摩擦盘（903) 则通过内圈侧均布的若干螺钉孔套接在所述轴向螺钉（909) 中段上， 离合连接 盘（902)内圈连接于外摩擦盘（901)内圈下延圈外侧上固定的轴承（910)上， 离合连接盘（902) 的盘面被活动夹持于内、 外摩擦盘的摩擦片 （911)之间， 电磁线圈（ 906 )与圆环形衔铁（ 905 )之间均布安装有若干轴向第一弹簧（ 908 ), 圆环形衔铁（ 905 )与内摩擦盘（ 903 )之间均布安装有若干轴向第二弹簧（ 904 )。
3、 按权利要求 1所述的风力发电机安全自动制动装置， 其特征在于发电机 的传感器包括安装于定子（2)线圈中的温度传感器（ 11 )和 /或安装于转子（ 1 ) 上的速度传感器（10)。
PCT/CN2010/076892 2010-02-05 2010-09-14 风力发电机安全自动制动装置 WO2011095005A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201010120086.3 2010-02-05
CN201010120086A CN101794983A (zh) 2010-02-05 2010-02-05 风力发电机安全自动制动装置

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WO2011095005A1 true WO2011095005A1 (zh) 2011-08-11

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CN102261947A (zh) * 2011-04-25 2011-11-30 上海电机学院 风力发电机振动监测诊断装置及风力发电机测试装置
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CN102437681A (zh) * 2011-10-10 2012-05-02 浙江劲野科技有限公司 一种风力发电机安全自动制动装置
CN102364868B (zh) * 2011-11-15 2013-04-17 浙江风光新能源科技有限公司 风力发电机安全自动刹车装置
CN203967949U (zh) * 2014-06-10 2014-11-26 黑龙江恒益电气股份有限公司 电直驱式压力机直线电机
FR3047781A1 (fr) * 2016-02-17 2017-08-18 Valeo Embrayages Commande d'embrayage de type normalement ouvert
FR3047780A1 (fr) * 2016-02-17 2017-08-18 Valeo Embrayages Commande d'embrayage de type normalement ferme
CN109495036A (zh) * 2018-07-27 2019-03-19 浙江瑞枫新能源科技有限公司 一种具有多个发电单元的发电机及其运行控制方法
CN109973306B (zh) * 2019-04-02 2020-04-28 江西中电投新能源发电有限公司 一种风力发电机的制动保护装置
CN116696666B (zh) * 2023-06-27 2024-01-23 河南华殊电力工程有限公司 一种风力发电机过热紧急制动装置

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