WO2011092577A1

WO2011092577A1 - A functionally effective urea composition

Info

Publication number: WO2011092577A1
Application number: PCT/IB2011/000124
Authority: WO
Inventors: Durga Prasad Yandapalli
Original assignee: Bijam Biosciences Private Limited
Priority date: 2010-01-27
Filing date: 2011-01-27
Publication date: 2011-08-04
Also published as: CN102811975A; BR112012018832A2

Abstract

The present invention provides a functionally effective urea composition for plant growth and yield increase, for use with or without other fertilizers, wherein reacting urea to alkali metal silicate or salt or mixture thereof, and /or reacting urea to transition metal salt or silicate or oxide or mixture thereof, and/or reacting urea to organic extract of lignite.

Description

A FUNCTIONALLY EFFECTIVE UREA COMPOSITION

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a functionally effective urea composition for the plant nutrition and growth, in particular this invention pertains to method of manufacturing of urea fertilizers for effective performance. These urea fertilizers have significant potential for utilization as plant nutrients.

BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART OF THE INVENTION

It is known that urea (i.e. amide) quickly depletes and conversion, volatilization losses makes urea utilization to plant difficult with time increase. Many attempts have been done to make efficient utilization of urea to plant systems such as addition of urease inhibitors. However, the results were not satisfying. Hence the present invention develop functionally effective urea for the plant nutrition, which has its application in development of urea fertilizers for effective performance.

OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION

The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a functionally effective urea composition for plant growth for use with or without other fertilizers.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a functionally effective urea composition by reacting urea to alkali metal silicate or salt or mixture thereof.

Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a functionally effective urea composition by reacting urea to transition metal salt or silicate or oxide or mixture thereof.

Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a functionally effective urea composition by reacting urea to Organic extract of lignite.

Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a functionally effective urea composition by mixing in desired proportion of the above-said resultant effective urea. SUMMARY OF THE INVETION

To meet the above objective, the present invention provides a functionally effective urea composition for plant growth for use with or without other fertilizers, wherein reacting urea to alkali metal silicate or salt or mixture thereof, and /or reacting urea to transition metal salt or silicate or oxide or mixture thereof, and/or reacting urea to Organic extract of lignite. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

Figure 1 relates to comparative XRD analysis of example 6 of the present invention. Figure 2 relates to comparative FTIR analysis of example 6 of the present invention. Figure 3 relates to comparative XRD analysis of example 7 of the present invention. Figure 4 relates to comparative FTIR analysis of example 7 of the present invention. Figure 5 relates to comparative XRD analysis of example 8 of the present invention. Figure 6 relates to comparative FTIR analysis of example 8 of the present invention. Figure 7 relates to comparative XRD analysis of example 9 of the present invention. Figure 8 relates to comparative FTIR analysis of example 9 of the present invention. Figure 9 relates to comparative XRD analysis of example 10 of the present invention. Figure 10 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 10 of the present invention. Figure 11 relates to comparat ve XRD analysis of example 11 of the present invention. Figure 12 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 11 of the present invention. Figure 13 relates to comparat ve XRD analysis of example 12 of the present invention. Figure 14 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 12 of the present invention. Figure 15 relates to comparat ve XRD analysis of example 13 of the present invention. Figure 16 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 13 of the present invention. Figure 17 relates to comparat ve XRD analysis of example 14 of the present invention. Figure 18 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 14 of the present invention. Figure 19 relates to comparat ve XRD analysis of example 15 of the present invention. Figure 20 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 15 of the present invention. Figure 21 relates to comparat ve XRD analysis of example 16 of the present invention. Figure 22 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 16 of the present invention. Figure 23 relates to comparat ve XRD analysis of example 17 of the present invention. Figure 24 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 17 of the present invention. Figure 25 relates to comparat ve XRD analysis of example 18 of the present invention. Figure 26 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 18 of the present invention. Figure 27 relates to comparat ve XRD analysis of example 20 of the present invention, Figure 28 relates to comparat ve FTIR analysis of example 20 of the present invention, DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific aspects thereof has been shown by way of example in the illustrative examples and will be described in detail below. It should be understood, however that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternative falling within the spirit and the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Before describing in detail embodiments it may be observed that the novelty and inventive step that are in accordance with the present invention resides in an functionally effective urea composition comprising reacting urea to alkali metal silicate or salt or mixture thereof, and /or reacting urea to transition metal salt or silicate or oxide or mixture thereof, and/or reacting urea to Organic extract of lignite in various proportions to derive functionally effective urea composition. It is to be noted that a person skilled in the art can be motivated from the present invention and modify the various constituents of the above-said composition, which are varying from crop to crop. However, such modification should be construed within the scope and spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the examples are showing only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the aspects of the present invention so as not to obscure the disclosure with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having benefit of the description herein.

The terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a composition, setup, device that comprises a list of components does not include only those components but may include other components not expressly listed or inherent to such compositions, setup or device. In other words, one or more elements in a composition or method proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the composition or method. The following paragraphs explain present invention with respect to functionally effective urea composition.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to functionally effective urea composition being obtained by reacting urea

to alkali metal silicate or salt, and /or

to transition metal salt or silicate or oxide or mixture thereof, and/or to organic extract of lignite, or

mixing the resultant product of a), b), and c) for a desired functionally effective urea for use with or without other fertilizers.

A aspect of the present invention, wherein the alkali metal silicate or salt is made of sodium or potassium.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein alkali metal silicate is potassium silicate, wherein metal to silicate ratio is in the range of 1 :2 to 2: 1.

Another aspect of the present invention, wherein the potassium silicate having 20 to 24 % silica and 10 to 12 % potassium.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the transition metal is selected from the group comprising Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Zirconium, Cupric, and Silver and mixture thereof.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the transition metal salt is a mixture of Zinc sulphate, copper sulphate and manganese sulphate in a ratio of 10:3:1 v/v.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein transition metal salt is a mixture of Zinc sulphate, copper sulphate and manganese sulphate in a ratio of 100:68: 14 v/v. Still another aspect of the present invention, wherein the zinc sulphate having at least 2 % Zn, copper sulphate having at least 0.75 Cu, and manganese sulphate having at least 0.25 % Mn.

Still yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein transition metal silicate is a mixture of zinc chloride, copper sulphate, and manganese sulphate in a ratio of 5:3: 1, and subsequently reacting with alkali metal silicate solution.

A further another aspect of the present invention, wherein the transition metal oxide is mixture of zinc oxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide and magnesium di-oxide in a ratio of 10:3 : 1 : 1 : 1 , whereby zinc oxide is treated with H202 before mixing.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the transition metal oxide is mixture of H202 treated zinc oxide, zirconium oxide and cupric oxide in a ratio 9:l : l(w/v).

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the organic extract of lignite is obtained by treating lignite with 10 to 50 % H202.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein urea is a either molten or solid urea One yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein molten urea is maintained at a temperature in the range of 130°C to 139°C.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the ratio of urea and alkali silicate is in the range of 0.1: 10 to 10:0.1.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the ratio of urea and alkali salt is in the range of 0.1 : 10 to 10:0.1.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the ratio of urea and transition metal or mixture thereof is in the range of 0.1 :10 to 10:0.1

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the ratio of urea and organic solution of lignite is in the range of 0.1 :10 to 10:0.1

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the ratio of urea, alkali silicate and transition metals in the range of 10:0.1:0.1 to 1 :0.5:0.5.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein the ratio of urea, alkali silicate, transition metals and organic solution of lignite in the range of 10:0.1 :0.1:0.1 to 1:0.5:0.5:0.5.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein thus produced urea is having 20 to 50 times enhanced translocation efficiency.

Still yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein thus produced urea degradation is optionally controlled by regulation of enzymes or by ammonia or nitrite conversion.

Yet another aspect of the present invention, wherein thus produced urea compositions enhances crops yield by 10 to 90 %.

Now the invention will be described in detailed so as to illustrate and explain various salient features of the invention. The salient feature of this invention is described below with following examples of preparation of various types of urea fertilizers compositions.

Preparation of transition metal salt solution:

Zinc sulphate (0.7g/ml] and copper sulphate (0.3g/ml), manganese sulphate (0.5g/ml) is prepared in water

These above transition metal salt solutions are added in the ratio of 10:3:1 to prepare poly transition metal salt solution.

Potassium silicate solution (potassium to silicate ratio varying from 1 :2 to 2: 1) is prepared. Potassium salt solution 0.3g/ml (chloride or sulphate) is prepared.

Example 1

To 5.0Kg of molten urea, Potassium silicate (2.5ml - 10ml) and poly transition metal salt solution (5ml - 10ml) were added and stirred well. Required format such as powder or granule or prills were obtained in the process of solidification. Variable compositions of urea fertilizers are prepared with variable amounts reactants.

Example 1(a)

To 5 Kg of molten urea poly transition metal salt solution (5ml - 10ml) was added and stirred well. Required format such as powder or granule or prills were obtained in the process of urea solidification.

Variable compositions of urea fertilizers are prepared with variable amounts of transition metal slats.

Example 2

Potassium silicate (2.5ml - 10ml) and zinc sulphate (5ml - 10ml) were added to 5kg of molten urea and required format such as powder or granule or prills were obtained in the process of solidification. Variable compositions of urea fertilizers are prepared with variable amounts reactants.

Example 3

5Kg of molten urea was mixed with potassium silicate[20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] (2.5ml - 10ml) and zinc sulphate (5ml - 10ml) and 200ml - 300ml alkali extract of lignite. Variable compositions of urea fertilizers are prepared with variable amounts of reactants.

Example 4

Potassium silicate (10ml - 20ml) was added to 5kg of molten urea. Variable compositions of urea fertilizers are prepared with variable amounts of reactants.

Example 5

5Kg of molten urea was mixed with potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] (1ml - 50ml) and alkali extract of lignite. Variable compositions are prepared such as having 2 - 5% of organic constituents in final products. Variable compositions of urea fertilizers are prepared with variable amounts of reactants

Example 6

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 133ml (20 gm) of Organic extract [lignite was extracted with 10-25% alkali] was added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or prilled.

Example 7

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 10ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] was added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or prilled.

Example 8

To 1 160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 33ml (50 gm) Organic extract [lignite was extracted with 10-25% alkali] was added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or prilled.

Example 9

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 200ml (30 gm) Organic extract [lignite was extracted with 10-25% alkali] was added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or prilled.

Example 10

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 2.5 ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium], 5 ml MSM[ zinc sulfate [0.5 g/ml], Copper sulfate (0.3 g/ml) and Manganese sulfate (0.5 g/ml) in the ratio of 10:3: 1 (v/v)] were added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or allowed to be prilled.

Example 11

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 2.5 ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] and 5 ml of zinc sulfate [0.5 gram per ml] were added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or prilled.

Example 12

To 1 160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 2.5 ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] and 5 ml zinc sulfate and 200 ml of Organic extract [lignite was extracted with 10-25% alkali] were added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or allowed to be prilled. Example 13

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 20ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] was added and mixed. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or prilled.

Example 14

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 5.0 ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] and 10 ml MSM were added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or allowed to be prilled Example 15

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 2.5 ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] 5.0 ml MSM and 200ml of Organic solution [lignite was extracted with 10-25% alkali] were added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or allowed to be prilled.

Wherein, preparation of MSM solution: Zinc sulfate (0.5 g/ml), Copper sulfate (0.3 g/ml) and Manganese sulfate (0.5 g/ml) in the ratio of 10:3:1 (v/v)

Example 16

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 100 ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] 182 ml of MSM were added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or allowed to be prilled.. Wherein, MSM [Zinc sulfate (0.5 g/ml), Copper sulfate (0.3 g/ml) and Manganese sulfate (0.5 g/ml) in the ratio of 100:68: 14 (v/v). This will be equivalent to 2% on Zn, 0.75% of Cu and 0.25% of Mn.]

Example 17

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 66 ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium], 120.0 ml of MSM[ zinc sulfate [0.5 g/ml], Copper sulfate (0.3 g/ml) and Manganese sulfate (0.5 g/ml) in the ratio of 100:68: 14(v/v). This will be equivalent to 2% on Zn, 0.75% of Cu and 0.25% of Mn.] was added and mixed. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or prilled.

Example 18

To 1160gm of molten urea [at 132-139 0 C] with continuous mixing an amount 2.5 ml of potassium silicate [20-24% silica 10-12% potassium] and 5 ml zinc sulfate and 200 ml of Organic extract [lignite was extracted with 10-25% alkali] were added and mixed thoroughly. Cooling gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or allowed to be prilled. Example 19

20% potassium silicate [20-24% silica/ 10-12%) potassium] was added 80ml saturated urea solution and mixed thoroughly. This 10ml of solution contain potassium silicate and urea was mixed in 100 ml molten urea and later cooled gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or prilled..

Example 20

MSM [zinc sulfate (0.5 g/ml), Copper sulfate (0.36 g/ml) and manganese sulfate (0.5 g/ml) in the ratio of 100:68: 14 (v/v) equivalent to 2% on Zn, 0.75% of Cu and 0.25% of Mn.] solution was added to potassium silicate[20-24% silica/10-12% potassium] mixed and later added uniformly in 100ml molten urea and cooled gradually with continuous mixing to avoid bulky solidification was practiced and later product was dried and or prilled.

Example 21: Preparation of poly transition metal oxide compositions

Zinc oxide was reacted with (5 to 20%) hydrogen peroxide (1 :5 w/v) and to the resultant materials after drying zirconium oxide and cupric oxide were added at a ratio of 9:1 : 1 (w/w). A disinfectant and antiseptic cream was formulated using necessary fillers and gels.

Example 22: Preparation of poly transition metal salt compositions

Zinc sulphate (0.45 g/ml), Copper sulphate (0.3g/ml), manganese sulphate (0.45g/ml) were prepared. These three solutions were mixed in a ratio of 10:3: 1 and resultant solution was added to organic molecules extracted from lignite (obtained by cleaving lignite either one step or sequential multiple steps of reacting with variable concentration of hydrogen peroxide) in a ratio of 1: 1 - 1 :50 depending up on concentration of reactants and final product requirement as a plant nutrient with plant protection activity.

Example 23: Preparation of poly transition metal silicate compositions

Zinc chloride (0.3 g/ml), Copper sulphate (O.lg/ml), manganese sulphate (0.05g/ml) were prepared. These three solutions were mixed in a ratio of 5:3:1 and 50ml of resultant solution was added to 100 ml of alkali metal silicate solution (0.3 g/ml potassium silicate or sodium sililcate, 1 :2 = metal: silica) to obtain a definitive poly transition metal silicate structural format

Example 24: (translocation studies)

25 days old rice seedlings are transplanted in the mixture of 100 gm soil, 50 ml water, 0.5 gm urea sample according to the present invention (i.e. example 16: urea with MSM). After 48 hours, 50 mg of root sample was taken and homogenized by adding 500 milliQ water and centrifuge the sample at 14000 rpm for 15 to 20 minutes, obtain the supernatant for estimation of available ammonia by spectrophotometer with nitro prusside method at 635nm and also with ion chromatography (METROHM, 761 COMPACT IC using METROSEP C2 150 (6.1010.220). The same procedure is adopted for control sample (urea without MSM).

The result obtained in control sample is 0.6 mili molar of available ammonia and in sample 1.0 mili molar of available of ammonia.

Similarly, 2 % zinc silicate containing urea and 3 % organic substance containing urea resulted in enhanced accumulation of ammonia in rice roots as ammonia content was 0.9 milli molar (2% zinc silicate containing urea) and 1.0 milli molar (organic urea) compared to 0.6 milli molar in control (urea only).

The products obtained in the above-said examples, have been carried out for trials on various crops such as rice, maze, groundnut and chilli and it has been observed that the same enhanced the crop yields significantly, as evident from filed trails conducted on various crops for five years.

In the present invention the effective translocation of nitrogen to the plants is achieved by regulating urea (i.e. amide) degradation cycle, inclusive and exclusive of regulating of enzymes or related factors in urea conversion, ammonia conversion and/or nitrite conversion and also has inhibition of volatilization with structurally modification of amide addition either single or polytransition metal or salt thereof or silicate thereof, before or after of addition of alkali silicate at variable amounts of reactants and experimental conditions in order to obtain derivatives, having selective functionally effective amide with multiple actions (antimicrobial nature) for selective crop or soil and /or custom plant nutrition and/ or for general application and /or with or without other fertilizers.

It is further noted that Poly transition metal compositions of (such as silver, copper, zinc, zirconium and manganese) oxides or salts (such as chloride or nitrate or sulphate or silicates were mixed with multiple proportions of variable compositions of different ratios choosing one to another containing multiple variables to obtain functionally effective poly transition metal oxide or salts or silicates (obtained by addition of alkali such as sodium silicate or potassium silicate),

with or without organic hybridization,

with or without variable reacting conditions (such as pH, temperature, silicate to metal ratio, pressure, and under variable gaseous environments),

with or without immobilization on materials like activated alumina, aluminum oxide, agro polymers, cellulose, quartz sand and silica gel, resins etc materials to manufacture, with or without nano structured,

with or without reacting with bioactive molecules and/or with other metals of manufacture decontaminants, disinfectants, detoxificants, absorbents, enzyme inhibitors, antimicrobial agents, therapeutic agents, fillers and formulating compounds in cosmetics, base materials in detergents, cigarette filers, catalysts, multiple action molecules (such as nutrient and microbicide) and antiseptic creams.

The compositions according to the present invention are generally applied to the plant or part thereof, with an agriculturally acceptable carrier. By the term "agriculturally acceptable carrier" is meant a substance which may be used to dissolve, disperse or diffuse an active compound in the composition without impairing the effectiveness of the compound and which by itself has no detrimental effect on the soil, equipment, crops or agronomic environment.

The compositions according to the present invention may be either solid or liquid formulations or solutions. For example, the compounds may be formulated as wettable powders, or a concentrate which is emulsifiable. It is often desirable to include adjuvants, such as wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, stickers and adhesives, in accordance with conventional agricultural practices. For the preparation of emulsifiable concentrates, one or more of the active ingredients may be dissolved in one or more organic solvents, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, methylated naphthalene, corn oil, pine oil, o-dichlorobenzene, isophorone, cyclohexane and methyl oleate, or mixtures thereof, together with an emulsifying agent which permits dispersion in water.

Wettable powders suitable for spraying may be prepared by admixing one or more of the active ingredients with a finely divided solid, such as clays, inorganic silicates and carbonates and silicas, and by incorporating wetting agents, sticking agents and/or dispersing agents in such mixtures.

ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The primary advantage of the present invention is to develop an functionally effective urea composition which enhances the growth and yield of the various crops (rice, maze etc.) by 10 to 90 %.

Yet another advantage objective of this invention is to produce eco friendly composition.

The inventors have been working to develop the invention, so that advantage can be achieved in an economical, practical, and facile manner. While preferred aspects and example configurations have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various further modifications and additional configurations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is intended that the specific embodiments and configurations herein disclosed are illustrative of the preferred nature of the invention, and should not be interpreted as limitations on the scope of the invention.

Claims

WE CLAIM

1) A functionally effective urea composition is obtained by reacting urea

a. to alkali metal silicate or salt, and /or

b. to transition metal salt or silicate or oxide or mixture thereof, and/or c. to organic extract of lignite, or

2) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein alkali metal silicate or salt is made of sodium or potassium.

3) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein alkali metal silicate is potassium silicate, wherein metal to silicate ratio is in the range of 1 :2 to 2:1.

4) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the potassium silicate having 20 to 24 % silica and 10 to 12 % potassium.

5) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transition metal is selected from the group comprising Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Zirconium, Cupric, and Silver and mixture thereof.

6) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein transition metal salt is a mixture of Zinc sulphate, copper sulphate and manganese sulphate in a ratio of 10:3: 1 v/v.

7) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein transition metal salt is a mixture of Zinc sulphate, copper sulphate and manganese sulphate in a ratio of 100:68: 14 v/v.

8) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein the zinc sulphate having at least 2 % Zn, copper sulphate having at least 0.75 Cu, and manganese sulphate having at least 0.25 % Mn.

9) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein transition metal silicate is a mixture of zinc chloride, copper sulphate, and manganese sulphate in a ratio of 5:3:1, and subsequently reacting with alkali metal silicate solution.

10) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transition metal oxide is mixture of zinc oxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide and magnesium di-oxide in a ratio of 10:3: 1: 1: 1, whereby zinc oxide is treated with H202 before mixing.

11) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transition metal oxide is mixture of H202 treated zinc oxide, zirconium oxide and cupric oxide in a ratio 9:1: 1 (w/v) .

12) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic extract of lignite is obtained by treating lignite with 10 to50 % H202.

13) A functionally effective urea as claimed in claim 1, wherein urea is a either molten or solid urea

14) A functionally effective urea composition 'as claimed in claim 1, wherein molten urea is maintained at a temperature in the range of 130°C to 139°C.

15) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of urea and alkali silicate is in the range of 0.1 :10 to 10:0.1.

16) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of urea and alkali salt is in the range of 0.1: 10 to 10:0.1.

17) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of urea and transition metal or mixture thereof is in the range of 0.1 : 10 to 10:0.1

18) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of urea and organic solution of lignite is in the range of 0.1 :10 to 10:0.1

19) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of urea, alkali silicate and transition metals in the range of 10:0.1:0.1 to 1:0.5:0.5.

20) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of urea, alkali silicate, transition metals and organic solution of lignite in the range of 10:0.1 :0.1 :0.1 to 1 :0.5:0.5:0.5.

21) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein thus produced urea composition is having 20 to 50 times enhanced translocation efficiency.

22) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein thus produced urea composition being sprayed on the plants and parts thereof as a foliar application. 23) A functionally effective urea composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein thus produced urea degradation is optionally controlled by regulation of en2ymes or by ammonia or nitrite conversion.

24) A functionally effective urea as claimed in claim 1 , wherein thus produced urea composition enhances crops yield by 20 to 70 %.