WO2011091685A1 - 废钢预热输送装置 - Google Patents

废钢预热输送装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011091685A1
WO2011091685A1 PCT/CN2010/079293 CN2010079293W WO2011091685A1 WO 2011091685 A1 WO2011091685 A1 WO 2011091685A1 CN 2010079293 W CN2010079293 W CN 2010079293W WO 2011091685 A1 WO2011091685 A1 WO 2011091685A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
scrap
chute
conveying
preheating
scrap steel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/079293
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄其明
杨宁川
徐杰
廖远
刘向东
刘春霆
高瞻
Original Assignee
中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201010104360A external-priority patent/CN101776395A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201010170509A external-priority patent/CN101825396A/zh
Application filed by 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 filed Critical 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司
Publication of WO2011091685A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011091685A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
    • C21C5/562—Manufacture of steel by other methods starting from scrap
    • C21C5/565—Preheating of scrap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F27B3/183—Charging of arc furnaces vertically through the roof, e.g. in three points
    • F27B3/186—Charging in a vertical chamber adjacent to the melting chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
    • F27D13/002—Preheating scrap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/06—Charging or discharging machines on travelling carriages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and relates to a preheating and continuous feeding device for electric furnace scrap steel.
  • the technology has the following shortcomings: 1 Because the technology adopts the method of disk hanging and feeding, the length of the equipment is long, especially the rear receiving section, which can reach 60m for large electric furnaces and the total length of equipment can reach 90 ⁇ 100m, this is very unfavorable for the layout of the workshop; 2 the scrap is only heated in the upper layer, so the preheating effect of the scrap is not good. According to the domestic and international reports, the average energy saving effect is only 25kw.h per ton of steel; The equipment maintenance is large, the dynamic seal leakage is serious, and the capacity of the fan is large. 4 Because it is horizontal transportation, the movement of the scrap must overcome the friction of the scrap during the reciprocating motion in the tank. The mechanism transmits power and on the other hand increases the wear of the device.
  • the present invention provides a scrap steel preheating conveying device, which adopts a method of sucking and discharging smoke at the bottom to achieve the purpose of improving heat exchange efficiency and reducing energy consumption.
  • the scrap preheating conveying device of the present invention comprises a scrap conveying chute arranged obliquely with a horizontal plane, wherein the scrap conveying trough is provided with a charging device at a high end, and the low end is extended from the side wall opening of the electric furnace into the electric furnace, and the scrap conveying
  • a sealing cover is arranged on the upper part of the chute, and the sealing cover and the scrap conveying chute form a scrap steel and a flue gas passage.
  • the bottom of the scrap conveying trough groove is a step-stacked structure, and the adjacent two-layer intersection gap is a bottom bottom smoking port, and the bottom bottom smoking port is inclined downward;
  • a front panel of the bottom of the slot is provided with a grid plate, and the grid plate is at least connected to one of an adjacent upper floor and a lower floor forming a mouth of the groove;
  • a dynamic sealing device is disposed between the scrap conveying chute and the sealing cover;
  • the scrap conveying chute comprises a chute into the furnace section, a chute of the preheating section and a chute of the drafting receiving section, and the upper part of the chute of the furnace section, the chute of the preheating section and the chute of the drafting section of the drafting are respectively arranged
  • a burner is mounted on the first sealing cover and/or the second sealing cover;
  • the exhaust gas enclosure is provided with an adjustment cigarette mouth, and the adjustment cigarette mouth is connected with the flue gas combustion and the sedimentation chamber through a pipe with a regulating valve, and the smoke mouth and the regulating valve are adjusted to form a dynamic seal of the adjustable scrap inlet;
  • the lower floor of the bottom of the slot is connected to the bottomed exhaust pipe, and the bottom exhaust pipe is inserted into the interface of the fixed exhaust pipe, and the outer casing is flexible sealing device;
  • first horizontal excitation force device, the second horizontal excitation force device and the third horizontal excitation force device are horizontal force excitation structures
  • first horizontal excitation force device, the second horizontal excitation force device and the third horizontal excitation force device are both two-axis, four-axis or six-axis common horizontal force excitation structures;
  • an adjustment plate is disposed in the exhaust gas enclosure, and the adjustment plate and the scrap steel trough groove bottom constitute an adjustable scrap inlet;
  • the inclined angle of the inlet trough and the preheating section chute bottom is inclined to an angle of 3° to 25°;
  • the loading device is a traction type receiving conveyor
  • the traction type receiving conveyor is a plate chain receiving conveyor or a inclined rail car receiving machine, and the plate chain or the inclined rail is inclined at an oblique angle with the horizontal plane. It is 0° ⁇ 50°, and is arranged in an inverted V shape with the scrap conveying chute;
  • the loading device is a bottom open type long cloth groove, and the bottom open type long cloth groove is arranged by the lifting equipment above the chute of the suction receiving section, and the bottom open type long cloth groove is subjected to the wind in the longitudinal direction.
  • the scrap steel is longitudinally placed in the groove bottom of the chute of the suction receiving section, and the scrap conveying chute introduces the scrap into the electric furnace;
  • the bottom of the bottom open type long cloth groove is installed with an openable door or a finger-shaped bracket along the length direction;
  • a moving sealing cover is disposed above the chute of the air receiving receiving section, and the moving sealing cover, the adjusting plate and the chute receiving section chute form a sealed cavity capable of preventing air from being sucked.
  • the structure of the bottom suction and exhaust flue gas makes the flue gas contact with the scrap steel more fully, and the heat exchange efficiency is much higher than the surface contact heat transfer of the consteel system. At the same time, the laminated structure is simple and reasonable, and easy to manufacture;
  • the device is transported through the chute, and the conveying power is provided by the self-weight of the scrap steel, which can greatly reduce the energy consumption, and at the same time, reduce the wear of the scrap steel to the bottom of the tank, thereby improving the service life of the equipment and reducing the service life.
  • the frequency of equipment maintenance, the vibration of the whole system is small, the operation is more reliable, and the scrap steel conveying speed is controllable, the conveying speed is faster, and it meets various requirements of the electric furnace steelmaking process;
  • chutes and reasonable loading equipment make the equipment smaller, easier to implement, and lower in implementation cost
  • the device adopts dynamic sealing reasonably in many places, the sealing effect is good, the heat loss of the flue gas is small, and the energy utilization rate is high;
  • the excitation mode is simple and reasonable, the energy consumption is low, the vibration is small, and the implementation cost is low. It is suitable for various excitation devices, such as two-axis excitation, four-axis excitation, six-axis excitation and hydraulic vibration. Can achieve.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure such as hanging in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a bottom smoking port and the like in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of I in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure such as hanging in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a bottom smoking port and the like in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of A-A
  • FIG. 4 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2, as shown in the figure: the scrap preheating conveying device of the embodiment includes a scrap conveying chute 1 which is disposed obliquely with a horizontal plane, and the scrap conveying chute 1 is provided with a loading at a high end.
  • the low end is extended into the electric furnace A from the side wall opening of the electric furnace, and the upper part of the scrap conveying chute 1 is provided with a sealing cover 2, and the sealing cover 2 and the scrap conveying chute 1 constitute a scrap steel and a flue gas passage, and are transported by the chute
  • the use of scrap steel to provide the transmission power can also greatly reduce the energy consumption, and reduce the wear of the scrap to the bottom of the tank, improve the service life of the equipment, and reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance.
  • the scrap conveying chute 1 is naturally hung on the bracket 22 by the boom 21, so as to make the scrap conveying chute oscillate and vibrate for scrap steel transportation, and the horizontal exciting device induces the scrap to be controlled by its own gravity.
  • the ground slides down, which greatly reduces the requirement for the oscillating vibration excitation force of the chute, and at the same time, the energy consumption of scrap transportation is also lower.
  • the bottom of the scrap conveying chute 1 is a step-stacked structure, and the adjacent two layers form a slanting downward facing gap, that is, the bottom of the groove is 3, and the gap between each two layers is the bottom of the slot.
  • the height of the smoke outlet at the bottom of each groove is 100-500mm, and the width is the same as the width of the bottom of the groove.
  • a grid plate 4 is arranged at the front of the bottom of the venting port 3, and the grid plate has the following functions: 1) ensuring a smooth transition of the scrap at the bottom of the stepped groove, eliminating the scrap to the upper layer The impact of the front edge of the water-cooled plate reduces the wear; 2) the scrap steel in front of the smoke outlet at the bottom of the overhead trough ensures the ventilation area; 3) prevents the scrap from entering the bottom smoke port and the bottom exhaust pipe to cause blockage; 4) the step-staggered stacking of the chute
  • the structure has the function of reinforcing ribs.
  • the grid plate 4 is connected to at least one of the adjacent upper floor and the lower floor forming the bottom of the groove bottom, and the grid plate and the upper floor or the lower floor can be made according to the process requirements.
  • One of the connections is connected so that the gap can be adjusted to adjust the amount of air output from the bottom smoking port.
  • a dynamic sealing device 5 is disposed between the scrap conveying chute 1 and the sealing cover 2 to prevent high temperature flue gas leakage and reduce heat loss.
  • the scrap conveying chute 1 includes a chute 1a into the furnace section, a chute 1b of the preheating section, a chute 1c of the draft receiving section, a chute 1a of the furnace section, a chute 1b of the preheating section, and a draft.
  • the upper portion of the receiving section chute 1c is provided with a first sealing cover 2a, a second sealing cover 2b and an exhaust gas sealing cover 2c, the inlet section chute 1a, the preheating section chute 1b and the exhaust receiving material.
  • the first horizontal excitation force device 6a, the second horizontal excitation force device 6b and the third horizontal excitation force device 6c are respectively mounted on the lower portion of the segment chute 1c, and the horizontal excitation device can realize the troughs of each segment.
  • the horizontal reciprocating motion facilitates the scrap steel to be transported downward in the chute.
  • the first horizontal exciting force device 6a, the second horizontal exciting force device 6b and the third horizontal exciting force device 6c are both horizontal force excitation structures, and the weight of the scrap conveying chute is large.
  • the horizontal force excitation structure can more easily cause the chute to vibrate than the vertical force excitation structure. .
  • the first horizontal excitation force device 6a, the second horizontal excitation force device 6b, and the third horizontal excitation force device 6c are both two-axis, four-axis or six-axis common horizontal force excitation structures.
  • the biaxial common excitation structure is simple, easy to implement, and low in cost, and should be preferred.
  • the two-axis common excitation, four-axis excitation, six-axis excitation, and hydraulic vibration can realize the present invention. purpose.
  • first sealing cover 2a and the second sealing cover 2b are mounted with a burner 7 for additional heating of the scrap steel in the chute through the burner according to the process requirements.
  • the ventilating air hood 2c is provided with an adjustment smog 8 which is connected to the flue gas combustion and sedimentation chamber 10 through a pipe with a regulating valve 9, and the ventilating port 8 and the regulating valve 9 are formed.
  • Adjusting the smoke outlet and adjusting the cigarette mouth have the following functions: 1) Prevent the external air scrap inlet from entering the scrap layer.
  • the flue gas layer with different air permeability provides flue gas flow regulation.
  • the pumping method of the above 1) and 2) can reduce the sealing requirements of the dynamic seal of the receiving area on the one hand, and the cold air leaking from the scrap inlet duct will be greatly reduced, reducing the mixed air and increasing the flue gas.
  • Exhaust temperature reduce the power and exhaust volume requirements of the exhaust system fan, improve the thermal efficiency and steam capacity of the steam of the associated waste heat boiler system, which can greatly save the energy consumption of the entire system.
  • the adjustment of the mouthpiece matches the opening of the regulating valve to ensure that the total smoking capacity meets the production requirements. At the same time, it is also conducive to the settlement of metal dust, achieving a higher metal yield.
  • the bottom floor of the bottom of the slotted smoking port 3 is connected to the bottomed exhaust pipe 11, and the bottom exhausting pipe 11 is inserted into the interface of the fixed exhaust pipe 12, and the outer casing flexible sealing device 13 is ensured by dynamic sealing.
  • the flue gas does not leak.
  • the bottom suction pipe can not move with the scrap conveying chute, which is easy to implement and has low energy consumption.
  • the flue gas extracted through the bottom exhaust pipe 11 contains more scrap dust particles, and after being settled in the pipe as shown in FIG. 3, it can be recovered by opening the movable door to increase the metal yield, and the movable door can be inserted.
  • the movable door 23a may be a flip type movable door 23b.
  • an adjusting plate 14 is disposed in the exhaust gas enclosure, and the adjusting plate 14 and the bottom of the scrap conveying chute 1 form an adjustable scrap inlet to control the amount of scrap entering, and at the same time, It is more effective to prevent outside air from entering the passage formed by the scrap conveying chute and the sealing cover through the scrap steel inlet.
  • the inclined angle of the inlet section chute 1a and the preheating section chute 1b and the horizontal plane are inclined from 3° to 25°, and the inclined angle of the inclined trough is too small to facilitate scrap transportation, and the inclination angle is too large and the scrap transportation is easy. If it is too fast, the instability will be out of control, and the bottom of the groove 1c of the draft receiving section is inclined at an angle of 3° to 90° with the horizontal plane. Since the receiving point is relatively easy to accumulate scrap steel, a large inclination angle is set to ensure that the scrap steel can be smoothly transported. Compared with the horizontal conveying structure, the inclined setting of the conveying trough can also greatly reduce the floor space of the equipment.
  • the loading device is a traction type receiving conveyor 15, and the traction type receiving conveyor 15 is a plate chain receiving conveyor, and the plate chain or the inclined rail is inclined with the horizontal plane to set the inclination angle to 0. ° ⁇ 50°, and with the scrap steel conveying chute 1 inverted V shape, the scrap steel is loaded with the traction type receiving conveyor through the disk crane (or other lifting equipment), in order to ensure the flow of the feeding material, the traction type receiving conveyor needs With sufficient length, the tilting setting can reduce the floor space of the equipment.
  • the inclined installation of the traction type receiving conveyor can reduce the lifting height of the disk hoist and improve the operating rate of the disk hoist.
  • the charging device can also achieve the object of the present invention by using a ramp car feeder.
  • the plate chain receiving conveyor and the inclined rail car receiving machine have a large conveying capacity, which is suitable for large and medium-sized electric furnaces.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the BB of FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 5, as shown in the figure: the scrap steel preheating conveying device of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment except for the charging device.
  • the charging device of the present embodiment is a bottom open type long cloth groove 16, and the bottom open type long cloth groove 16 is placed by the lifting device 17 above the suction receiving section chute 1c, and the bottom opening type is long.
  • the shaped cloth trough 16 is longitudinally projected in a plan view of the chute receiving section chute 1c, and the scrap steel is longitudinally placed in the bottom of the trough of the suction receiving section chute 1c, and the scrap conveying chute 1 introduces the scrap into the electric furnace.
  • the scrap yard near the electric furnace-scraper preheating conveyor line, prepare a number of (5-16) bottom-open long fabric troughs in a certain order, and quickly put the scrap into the bottom through a disk crane or other equipment.
  • the long-shaped cloth trough completes the preparation, and the crane hoisting the bottom-open long-shaped cloth trough above the receiving point of the scrap conveying chute, and the scrap is arranged in a long strip along the conveying direction in the chute of the drafting receiving section, and the scrap conveying chute Introduce the scrap into the electric furnace, and return the crane to the bottom.
  • the long fabric trough is placed back in place to continue the preparation, and then a long cloth trough with a good material is placed for feeding to achieve continuous feeding.
  • the length and capacity of the bottom open long fabric trough can be designed according to the capacity of the electric furnace, the preheating time of the scrap, the running speed of the scrap in the trough, the number of the bottom open type long trough, and the high efficiency of the scrap preheating line. Optimized, flexible feeding and conveying.
  • the bottom of the bottom open type long cloth groove 17 is installed with an openable door or a finger-shaped bracket 18 along the length direction, and the scrap steel is released downwardly through the door or the finger bracket to form a bottom open type.
  • the elongated fabric groove has the same long strip shape, which realizes large capacity, optimization of scrap steel material, continuous operation of scrap steel, long strip distribution of scrap steel in the conveying trough and rapid lifting and unloading.
  • a moving sealing cover 19 is disposed above the chute receiving section chute 1c, and the moving sealing cover 19, the adjusting plate 14 and the drafting receiving section chute 1c constitute a sealed cavity capable of preventing air from being sucked.
  • the moving sealing cover is opened, and then the bottom open type long cloth groove is placed in the feeding port of the chute receiving section to be fed to ensure that the outside air cannot enter the scrap conveying oblique direction during the feeding process.
  • the groove, after the feeding, the bottom open type long cloth groove is hoisted, and the external air is prevented from flowing in by closing the moving sealing cover.
  • the adjustment plate is opened to allow the scrap to enter the preheating section chute.
  • the interaction between the adjusting plate and the moving sealing cover can form a mechanical cavity seal for the scrap conveying duct, minimize the entry of outside air, have a good anti-leakage function, and improve heat exchange efficiency.
  • the structure of the adjustment plate can be made into a curtain seal form of a flap type, a plug-in type or a multilayer flexible material, and the object of the invention can be achieved.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Description

废钢预热输送装置 技术领域
本发明属于冶金技术领域，涉及一种电炉废钢预热和连续加料装置。
背景技术
电炉炼钢中节能、降耗、环保一直是全球电炉炼钢技术发展的核心技术之一。二十年来国内外有过多种设计方案，但由于其技术难度很大，目前仅有少量的技术投入实际使用，其典型代表基于振动连续加料的CONSTEEL（美国专利号US5400358 ）技术，这是一种水平连续给料技术，可实现电炉稳弧冶炼，环保且电极消耗降低，可大大降低电炉的生产过程费用。但从国内外实际使用看，该技术存在以下不足：①由于该技术采用磁盘吊上料方式，设备长度较长，尤其是后部受料段，对大型电炉可达60m，设备全长可达90～100m，这对车间的布置是非常不利的；②该方法废钢只有上层物料被加热，故废钢预热效果不佳，据国内外报道平均节能效果只有吨钢25kw.h；③该系统的设备维护量较大，动态密封漏气较严重，对风机等的容量要求较大；④由于是水平输送，废钢的运动必须克服废钢在槽中往复运动过程中的磨擦力，这一方面增加了机构传输功率，另一方面也增加了设备的磨损。
同时为改善consteel技术的换热效率，国内外均有过对consteel的改进， 如90年代末与本世纪初国内某些企业采用了一种两侧底吸烟气的技术，该技术特征是两侧槽为双层，两侧夹层为烟气通道。烟气从顶层进入，从两侧的烟气通道流出，以提高换热效率。从结构分析上看，该方法烟气穿透部分废钢，具有良好的预热效果。有报道称，该技术使得电炉炼钢的节能效果达到了吨钢65kw.h。 是一种有效的提高废钢预热效果的技术。但从设备结构和工艺布置的角度来看仍存在以下问题：①两侧缝隙在导烟气的同时，废钢块也会卡入侧槽中，堵塞并磨 损侧缝隙；②consteel水平激振强烈，侧缝隙上沿处在与废钢磨损状态，由于整个槽是水冷结构，侧沿磨损后容易漏水且不易维护，同时，整个槽重量大，激振结构要求较高；③水冷槽结构复杂，制作困难；设备重量较大，需要更大的激振装置；④不同结构水冷槽之间的连接困难。
另外为缩短受料段长度，出现了采用液压推入方式的送料装置（申请号为200620082237.X 、200420039490.8），但由于废钢是异形的，长短不一，这种方法对废钢的适应性差，在实际生产中易产生卡料的概率会很高，另外，其加料过程为间歇式加料。
因此，需探索一种全新的废钢预热输送装置，使其可高效节能地对废钢进行预热和输送，并且最大程度地减小设备体积，便于实施，同时，也降低输送过程中废钢对设备的磨损，降低维修维护成本。
 发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种废钢预热输送装置，该装置采用底部吸排烟的方式，达到提高换热效率，降低能耗的目的。
本发明的废钢预热输送装置，包括与水平面倾斜设置的废钢输送斜槽，所述废钢输送斜槽高端设置有装料设备，低端由电炉的侧壁开孔伸入电炉，所述废钢输送斜槽上部设置有密封罩，密封罩与废钢输送斜槽构成废钢和烟气通道。
进一步，所述废钢输送斜槽由吊杆自然吊挂在支架上；
进一步，所述废钢输送斜槽槽底为阶梯叠加式结构，相邻两层交接缝隙为槽底抽烟口，槽底抽烟口倾斜朝下；
进一步，所述槽底抽烟口前部设置有栅格板，栅格板至少与构成槽底抽烟口的相邻上层底板和下层底板两者之一相接；
进一步，所述废钢输送斜槽与密封罩之间设置有动密封装置；
进一步，所述废钢输送斜槽包括入炉段斜槽、预热段斜槽和抽风受料段斜槽，入炉段斜槽、预热段斜槽和抽风受料段斜槽的上部分别设置有第一密封罩和第二密封罩和抽风气封罩，所述入炉段斜槽、预热段斜槽和抽风受料段斜槽的下部分别安装有第一水平激振力装置、第二水平激振力装置和第三水平激振力装置；
进一步，所述第一密封罩和/或第二密封罩上安装有烧嘴；
进一步，所述抽风气封罩上设置调节烟口，调节烟口通过带有调节阀的管道与烟气燃烧与沉降室相连，调节烟口与调节阀构成可调废钢入口的动密封；
进一步，所述槽底抽烟口的下层底板导接有底抽气管，底抽气管插入固定抽气管的接口套接，外套柔性密封装置；
进一步，所述第一水平激振力装置、第二水平激振力装置和第三水平激振力装置均为水平力激振结构；
进一步，所述第一水平激振力装置、第二水平激振力装置和第三水平激振力装置均为双轴、四轴或六轴共厄水平力激振结构；
进一步，所述抽风气封罩内设置有调节板，所述调节板与废钢输送斜槽槽底构成可调废钢入口；
进一步，所述入炉段斜槽和预热段斜槽槽底与水平面倾斜角度为3°～25°；
进一步，所述装料设备为牵引式受料输送机，所述牵引式受料输送机为板链受料输送机或斜轨小车受料机，其板链或斜轨与水平面倾斜设置倾斜角度为0°～50°，并与废钢输送斜槽成倒V形设置；
进一步，所述装料设备为底开式长形布料槽，底开式长形布料槽被吊运装备安置在抽风受料段斜槽的上方，底开式长形布料槽沿纵向在抽风受料段斜槽的俯视投影之内，废钢呈长条形被纵向放置在抽风受料段斜槽的槽底，废钢输送斜槽将废钢导入电炉；
进一步，所述底开式长形布料槽底部沿长度方向安装有可打开的门或手指形托架；
进一步，所述抽风受料段斜槽上方设置移动密封盖，所述移动密封盖、调节板和抽风受料段斜槽构成可防空气吸入的密闭容腔。
 有益效果
本发明的废钢预热输送装置，具有以下优点：
1. 采用底部吸排烟气的结构形式，使烟气与废钢接触更充分，换热效率远远高于consteel系统的表面接触换热，同时，层叠结构简单合理，易于制造；
2. 相对于consteel系统的水平输送，该装置通过斜槽输送，利用废钢自重提供输送动力，可极大降低能耗，同时，也降低了废钢对槽底的摩损，提高了设备使用寿命，降低了设备维护的频率，整个系统的振动较小，运行较为可靠，并且废钢输送速度可控，输送速度更快，满足电炉炼钢工艺的各种要求；
3. 采用斜槽和合理的装料设备，使设备体积更小，易于实施，且实施成本更低；
4. 该装置多处合理采用动密封，密封效果好，烟气热量损失小，能量利用率高；
5. 不易卡料，设备可靠性较高；
6. 激振方式简单合理，能耗低，振动小，且实施成本低，适用于多样化的激振装置，如采用双轴共厄激振、四轴激振、六轴激振及液压振动等均可实现。
 附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
图1为本发明实施例1中表示吊挂等结构的示意图；
图2为本发明实施例1中表示底抽烟口等结构的示意图；
图3 为图2的A-A剖视图；
图4 为图2中的Ⅰ处局部放大图；
图5 为本发明实施例2的结构示意图；
图6为图5的B-B剖视图。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例1:
图1为本发明实施例1中表示吊挂等结构的示意图，图2为本发明实施例1中表示底抽烟口等结构的示意图，图3 为图2的A-A剖视图，图4 为图2中的Ⅰ处局部放大图，如图所示：本实施例的废钢预热输送装置，包括与水平面倾斜设置的废钢输送斜槽1，所述废钢输送斜槽1高端设置有装料设备，低端由电炉的侧壁开孔伸入电炉A，所述废钢输送斜槽1上部设置有密封罩2，密封罩2与废钢输送斜槽1构成废钢和烟气通道，采用斜槽输送，利用废钢自重提供输送动力，也可极大降低能耗，并且降低了废钢对槽底的摩损，提高了设备使用寿命，降低了设备维护的频率。
本实施例中，所述废钢输送斜槽1由吊杆21自然吊挂在支架22上，以便于使废钢输送斜槽摆动振动来进行废钢输送，水平激振力装置诱导废钢利用自身重力可控地向下滑行，这可极大降低对斜槽产生摆动振动激振力的要求，同时，废钢输送的能耗也更低。
本实施例中，所述废钢输送斜槽1槽底为阶梯叠加式结构，相邻两层形成倾斜朝下的交接缝隙，即为槽底抽烟口3，每两层交接缝隙为槽底抽烟口每个槽底抽烟口高度100～500mm，宽度与槽底同宽，使用时，电炉中产生的烟气进入密封罩和废钢输送斜槽形成的通道内，烟气流动方向与废钢输送方向相反，大部分烟气穿透废钢通过槽底抽烟口逐级抽出，完成与整个废钢层的热交换，该方法烟气和废钢的接触面积和换热效率远高于只有废钢表面换热的consteel系统。
本实施例中，所述槽底抽烟口3前部设置有栅格板4，栅格板的作用有以下几点：1）保证废钢在阶梯形槽底抽烟口的平滑过渡，消除废钢对高层水冷板前沿的冲击，减小磨损；2）架空槽底抽烟口前方的废钢，保证透气面积；3）防止废钢进入底抽烟口和底抽气管造成堵塞；4）对斜槽的阶梯交错叠加式结构有加强肋的作用，另外，栅格板4至少与构成槽底抽烟口3的相邻上层底板和下层底板两者之一相接，可根据工艺需要让栅格板与上层底板或下层底板中的一个相连，以便于可调整间隙来调整底抽烟口的出气量。
本实施例中，所述废钢输送斜槽1与密封罩2之间设置有动密封装置5，以防止高温烟气泄漏，减小热损失。
本实施例中，所述废钢输送斜槽1包括入炉段斜槽1a、预热段斜槽1b和抽风受料段斜槽1c，入炉段斜槽1a、预热段斜槽1b和抽风受料段斜槽1c的上部一一对应设置有第一密封罩2a、第二密封罩2b和抽风气封罩2c，所述入炉段斜槽1a、预热段斜槽1b和抽风受料段斜槽1c的下部分别安装有第一水平激振力装置6a、第二水平激振力装置6b和第三水平激振力装置6c，通过水平激振力装置，可使各段斜槽实现水平方向的往复运动，有利于废钢在斜槽内向下输送。
本实施例中，所述第一水平激振力装置6a、第二水平激振力装置6b和第三水平激振力装置6c均为水平力激振结构，在废钢输送斜槽重量很大的情况下，结合斜槽吊挂结构，让斜槽水平摆振相对于让斜槽垂直振动更容易，因此，采用水平力激振结构相比于垂直力激振结构可更容易让斜槽产生振动。
本实施例中，所述第一水平激振力装置6a、第二水平激振力装置6b和第三水平激振力装置6c均为双轴、四轴或六轴共厄水平力激振结构，其中双轴共厄激振结构简单，易于实现，且成本低廉，应当优选，当然，采用双轴共厄激振、四轴激振、六轴激振及液压振动等均可实现本发明的目的。
本实施例中，所述第一密封罩2a和第二密封罩2b上安装有烧嘴7，可根据工艺需要通过烧嘴对斜槽内的废钢进行额外加热。
本实施例中，所述抽风气封罩2c上设置调节烟口8，调节烟口8通过带有调节阀9的管道与烟气燃烧与沉降室10相连，调节烟口8与调节阀9构成可调废钢入口的动密封，电炉产生的大部分烟气穿透废钢通过槽底抽烟口由前开始逐级抽出，完成与整个废钢层的热交换，小部分烟气和泄漏进入的空气混合经调节烟口抽出，调节烟口有以下几个作用：1）防止外部空气废钢入口进入废钢层上方，如果烟气从废钢入口冒出，就加大调节烟口的抽气量；2）防止或减小烟气从废钢入口进入外界空气中，如果槽底抽烟口能力足够（烟气不外泄），则尽可能可调小调节烟口的抽气量，可有效防止冷空气被吸入；3）对不同透气度的废钢层提供烟气流量调节。上述1）和2）条的抽气方式一方面可降低对受料区域动密封的密封要求，另一方面从废钢入口涵道漏入的冷空气会大大减少，降低混风，提高烟气的排出温度，减小抽风系统风机的功率和抽风量要求，提高配套的余热锅炉系统蒸汽的热效率和蒸汽产能，可大大节省整个系统运行能耗。该调节烟口配合调节阀的开度，确保总抽烟能力满足生产要求。同时，也有利于金属粉尘的沉降，达到较高的金属收得率。
本实施例中，所述槽底抽烟口3的下层底板导接有底抽气管11，底抽气管11插入固定抽气管12的接口套接，外套柔性密封装置13，通过动密封，即可保证烟气不泄漏，同时，在激振装置对废钢输送斜槽进行激振时，底抽管可以不随废钢输送斜槽运动，便于实施，能耗低。通过底抽气管11抽出的烟气中，含有较多的废钢粉尘颗粒，在如图3所示的管道中沉降后，可通过打开活动门回收，提高金属收得率，活动门既可以是插入式活动门23a，也可以是翻转式活动门23b。
本实施例中，所述抽风气封罩内设置有调节板14，所述调节板14与废钢输送斜槽1槽底构成可调废钢入口，以对废钢的进入量进行控制，同时，也可更加有效地防止外部空气通过废钢入口进入废钢输送斜槽和密封罩构成的通道内。
本实施例中，所述入炉段斜槽1a和预热段斜槽1b槽底与水平面倾斜角度为3°～25°，斜槽倾角过小不利废钢输送，倾角过大又容易使废钢输送过快导致失稳失控，所述抽风受料段斜槽1c槽底与水平面倾斜角度为3°～90° ，由于受料点比较容易堆积废钢，因此设置较大倾角以保证废钢可以顺利输送，相对于水平输送的结构形式，倾斜设置输送槽也能够极大减小设备的占地面积。
本实施例中，所述装料设备为牵引式受料输送机15，所述牵引式受料输送机15为板链受料输送机，其板链或斜轨与水平面倾斜设置倾斜角度为0°～50°，并与废钢输送斜槽1成倒V形设置，废钢通过磁盘吊（或其它吊装设备）装上牵引式受料输送机，为保证加料物料流量，牵引式受料输送机需要有足够的长度，通过倾斜设置，可降低设备的占地面积，另外，牵引式受料输送机倾斜安装可以降低磁盘吊提升高度，提高磁盘吊的作业率。当然，装料设备采用斜轨小车受料机同样可以实现本发明的目的。板链受料输送机和斜轨小车受料机输送量较大，适用于大中型电炉。
实施例2：
图5 为本发明实施例2的结构示意图，图6为图5的B-B剖视图，如图所示：本实施例的废钢预热输送装置，除装料设备与实施例1不同以外，其余结构均与实施例1相同，本实施例的装料设备为底开式长形布料槽16，底开式长形布料槽16被吊运装备17安置在抽风受料段斜槽1c的上方，底开式长形布料槽16沿纵向在抽风受料段斜槽1c的俯视投影之内，废钢呈长条形被纵向放置在抽风受料段斜槽1c的槽底，废钢输送斜槽1将废钢导入电炉，使用时，在电炉－废钢预热输送线附近的废钢料场，按照一定的顺序准备若干（5～16）只底开式长形布料槽，通过磁盘吊或其它设备快速将废钢装入底开式长形布料槽完成备料，吊车将底开式长形布料槽吊装在废钢输送斜槽受料点的上方，废钢在抽风受料段斜槽中沿输送方向长条形布置，废钢输送斜槽将废钢导入电炉，吊车返回将底开式长形布料槽放回原位继续备料，然后又吊一只装好料的长形布料槽进行加料实现连续加料。底开式长形布料槽长度和容量可根据电炉的容量、废钢预热时间、废钢在输送槽内的运行速度、底开式长形布料槽的数量等因素来设计，对废钢预热线实现高效、优化、灵活的上料和输送。
本实施例中，所述底开式长形布料槽17底部沿长度方向安装有可打开的门或手指形托架18，通过门或手指形托架将废钢向下释放并形成与底开式长形布料槽同向的长条形，实现大容量、废钢料配优化、废钢操作的连续化、废钢在输送槽中的长条散布和快速吊装卸料。
本实施例中，所述抽风受料段斜槽1c上方设置移动密封盖19，所述移动密封盖19、调节板14和抽风受料段斜槽1c构成可防空气吸入的密闭容腔，装料时，先将调节板关闭，移动密封盖打开，然后将底开式长形布料槽放置于抽风受料段斜槽的进料口进行加料，以保证加料过程中外部空气不能进入废钢输送斜槽，加料后底开式长形布料槽被吊走，通过关闭移动密封盖来防止外部空气流入， 此时调节板打开让废钢进入预热段斜槽。调节板与移动密封盖的相互配合，可对废钢输送涵道构成机械容腔式密封，尽可能减少外部空气进入，具有良好的防漏风功能，提高换热效率。调节板的结构可以制成翻板式、插板式或多层柔性材料构成的帘状密封形式，均可实现本发明的目的。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：包括与水平面倾斜设置的废钢输送斜槽（1），所述废钢输送斜槽（1）高端设置有装料设备，低端由电炉的侧壁开孔伸入电炉（A），所述废钢输送斜槽（1）上部设置有密封罩（2），密封罩（2）与废钢输送斜槽（1）构成废钢和烟气通道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述废钢输送斜槽（1）由吊杆（21）自然吊挂在支架（22）上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述废钢输送斜槽（1）槽底为阶梯叠加式结构，相邻两层交接缝隙为槽底抽烟口（3），槽底抽烟口（3）倾斜朝下。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述槽底抽烟口（3）前部设置有栅格板（4），栅格板（4）至少与构成槽底抽烟口（3）的相邻上层底板和下层底板两者之一相接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述废钢输送斜槽（1）与密封罩（2）之间设置有动密封装置（5）。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述废钢输送斜槽（1）包括入炉段斜槽（1a）、预热段斜槽（1b）和抽风受料段斜槽（1c），入炉段斜槽（1a）、预热段斜槽（1b）和抽风受料段斜槽（1c）的上部一一对应设置有第一密封罩（2a）、第二密封罩（2b）和抽风气封罩（2c），所述入炉段斜槽（1a）、预热段斜槽（1b）和抽风受料段斜槽（1c）的下部分别安装有第一水平激振力装置（6a）、第二水平激振力装置（6b）和第三水平激振力装置（6c）。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述第一密封罩（2a）和/或第二密封罩（2b）上安装有烧嘴（7）。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述抽风气封罩（2c）上设置调节烟口（8），调节烟口（8）通过带有调节阀（9）的管道与烟气燃烧与沉降室（10）相连，调节烟口（8）与调节阀（9）构成可调废钢入口的动密封。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述槽底抽烟口（3）的下层底板导接有底抽气管（11），底抽气管（11）插入固定抽气管（12）的接口套接，外套柔性密封装置（13）。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述第一水平激振力装置（6a）、第二水平激振力装置（6b）和第三水平激振力装置（6c）均为水平力激振结构。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述第一水平激振力装置（6a）、第二水平激振力装置（6b）和第三水平激振力装置（6c）均为双轴、四轴或六轴共厄水平力激振结构。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述抽风气封罩内设置有调节板（14），所述调节板（14）与废钢输送斜槽（1）槽底构成可调废钢入口。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述入炉段斜槽（1a）和预热段斜槽（1b）槽底与水平面倾斜角度为3°～25°。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述装料设备为牵引式受料输送机（15），所述牵引式受料输送机（15）为板链受料输送机或斜轨小车受料机，其板链或斜轨与水平面倾斜设置倾斜角度为0°～50°，并与废钢输送斜槽（1）成倒V形设置。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述装料设备为底开式长形布料槽（16），底开式长形布料槽（16）被吊运装备（17）安置在抽风受料段斜槽（1c）的上方，底开式长形布料槽（16）沿纵向在抽风受料段斜槽（1c）的俯视投影之内，废钢呈长条形被纵向放置在抽风受料段斜槽（1c）的槽底，废钢输送斜槽（1）将废钢导入电炉。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述底开式长形布料槽（17）底部沿长度方向安装有可打开的门或手指形托架（18）。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的废钢预热输送装置，其特征在于：所述抽风受料段斜槽（1c）上方设置移动密封盖（19），所述移动密封盖（19）、调节板（14）和抽风受料段斜槽（1c）构成可防空气吸入的密闭容腔。
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CN107460274A (zh) * 2017-09-22 2017-12-12 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种水平连续加料预热装置及其强化预热方法
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CN107726859A (zh) * 2017-10-24 2018-02-23 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 加热炉上料装置
CN108660287A (zh) * 2018-07-02 2018-10-16 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 一种lf炉废钢添加装置及添加方法
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CN109913617A (zh) * 2019-04-28 2019-06-21 洛阳沃达节能科技有限公司 一种废钢烘烤系统
CN110157852A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-08-23 孝感金达钢铁有限公司 一种电炉废钢预热水平连续加料系统
CN110173976A (zh) * 2019-05-27 2019-08-27 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司 一种电弧炉强化废钢预热装置
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CN110541059A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-06 武汉富瑞能源科技有限公司 一种电炉专用废钢高温预热炉
CN112593037A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-04-02 欧冶链金再生资源有限公司 一种含锌废钢脱锌余热高效利用方法
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US9316444B2 (en) 2010-12-10 2016-04-19 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa Apparatus for conveying and pre-heating a metal charge for a melting plant and connected method
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EP2792984A1 (en) 2013-04-17 2014-10-22 Tekel SA Method for preparing and feeding metal scrap to an electric smelting furnace for making steel and apparatus for performing the method
WO2015181781A1 (en) 2014-05-30 2015-12-03 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. Apparatus to move and preheat metal material
US10584394B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2020-03-10 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa Apparatus to move and preheat metal material
CN107502703A (zh) * 2017-09-13 2017-12-22 新乡市鸿河振动机械有限公司 电弧炉步进式加料装置
US11668526B2 (en) * 2017-09-22 2023-06-06 CISDI Engineering Co., Ltd Continuous horizontal-feeding preheating device and preheating enhancement method thereof
CN107460274B (zh) * 2017-09-22 2023-09-12 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种水平连续加料预热装置及其强化预热方法
CN107460274A (zh) * 2017-09-22 2017-12-12 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种水平连续加料预热装置及其强化预热方法
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CN107726859B (zh) * 2017-10-24 2023-09-05 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 加热炉上料装置
CN107726859A (zh) * 2017-10-24 2018-02-23 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 加热炉上料装置
CN108660287A (zh) * 2018-07-02 2018-10-16 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 一种lf炉废钢添加装置及添加方法
CN109237950A (zh) * 2018-09-14 2019-01-18 河南太行全利重工股份有限公司 连续加料预热设备
CN109913617A (zh) * 2019-04-28 2019-06-21 洛阳沃达节能科技有限公司 一种废钢烘烤系统
CN109913617B (zh) * 2019-04-28 2023-11-03 洛阳沃达节能科技有限公司 一种废钢烘烤系统
CN110173976A (zh) * 2019-05-27 2019-08-27 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司 一种电弧炉强化废钢预热装置
CN110157852A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-08-23 孝感金达钢铁有限公司 一种电炉废钢预热水平连续加料系统
CN110423860B (zh) * 2019-09-03 2024-01-05 苏州正益诚新能源科技有限公司 一种废钢预热炉
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CN110541059A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-06 武汉富瑞能源科技有限公司 一种电炉专用废钢高温预热炉
CN110541059B (zh) * 2019-09-26 2024-01-02 武汉富瑞能源科技有限公司 一种电炉专用废钢高温预热炉
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