WO2011089367A1 - Mesure de parametres lies a l'ecoulement de fluides dans un materiau poreux - Google Patents
Mesure de parametres lies a l'ecoulement de fluides dans un materiau poreux Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011089367A1 WO2011089367A1 PCT/FR2011/050123 FR2011050123W WO2011089367A1 WO 2011089367 A1 WO2011089367 A1 WO 2011089367A1 FR 2011050123 W FR2011050123 W FR 2011050123W WO 2011089367 A1 WO2011089367 A1 WO 2011089367A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- volume
- coefficient
- measured
- sample
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001812 pycnometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010206 sensitivity analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the measurement of physical properties relating to the flow of a fluid phase in a porous material. It is particularly applicable to materials having very small diameters of pore-scale flow channels, that is to say materials having a high resistance to the flow of a fluid (inverse intrinsic permeability). Non-limiting examples of such materials include rocks of tight gas reservoirs, rocks of potential storage site covers, materials used in sealing devices, composite materials, etc.
- the flow of a fluid through a porous medium depends, on the scale of a representative block of the material, three intrinsic physical characteristics in the middle that are:
- the steady-state method has the disadvantage of requiring a long time before obtaining the stationary flow regime for the acquisition of a measuring point.
- the time at which this steady state is reached varies with the inverse of k
- and the Klinkenberg coefficient b requires several measuring points and thus obtaining as many stationary states. This can become very long, so this method is poorly suited to the low permeability range.
- this technique requires the measurement of fluid flow, which can be tricky when the permeability is very low. To overcome these disadvantages, a measurement in transient condition is preferable.
- an unsteady state experiment consists in recording the evolution of the differential pressure ⁇ ( ⁇ ) between the ends of the sample.
- ⁇ differential pressure
- Each end of the sample is connected to a respective reservoir and one of them is initially subjected to a pressure pulse.
- This method is named "Puise decay”.
- a variant where the downstream reservoir is of infinite volume (atmosphere) is named "Draw down”.
- the third experiment is identical to the other two by modifying the volume of the chamber used to generate the pressure pulse.
- , b and ⁇ from these three experiments is performed in an approximate way using a graphical chart and exploiting an empirical linear behavior. In fact, it is difficult to estimate the real impact of these approximations in the general case.
- the experimental difficulty related to the device and the execution time required by conditioning the sample at different pressures is performed in an approximate way using a graphical chart and exploiting an empirical linear behavior. In fact, it is difficult to estimate the real impact of these approximations in the general case.
- a dead volume is necessarily present upstream of the sample, between the valve which isolates the sample from the upstream reservoir and the face upstream of the sample. It is desirable to have a very small volume V 0 (ideally of the order of pore volume in the sample) to increase the sensitivity of the measurements to the porosity ⁇ , but then its precise determination, to take into account in the condition (4), becomes very delicate because it supposes to know then the dead volume with precision. The existence of this dead volume therefore has a significant impact on the estimated values of k
- the opening of the valve at the moment when the "Puise decay" experiment begins produces a relaxation of the fluid in the dead volume which causes observable thermal and hydrodynamic perturbations but which is extremely difficult to accurately report in A model.
- the equations (1) to (5) above do not include these thermal and hydrodynamic effects.
- the initial data is no longer considered to be only the value of a pressure pulse P 0 j serving to simulate the evolution of P (0, t) to perform the inversion.
- the signal Po (t) can serve as an input signal to the analysis step which consists of a digital inversion of differential equation, performed on the downstream signal P-
- is typically the Klinkenberg coefficient b when it is known that the studied material is in a low range of permeability (less than about 10 ⁇ 6 m 2 ). If the permeability is in a higher range, the other coefficient may be the Forchheimer ⁇ coefficient. There may be a range of permeability where both the Klinkenberg coefficient b and the coefficient of Forchheimer ⁇ are likely to be taken into account. account in the model.
- the analysis step consists of the digital inversion of (1) performed on the downstream signal P-
- P (0, t) Po (t)
- the pressure modulation in the first volume is not applied simply instantaneously, but on a time scale greater than that of a pressure pulse. It is typically on a time scale depending on the permeability range of the material but generally greater than one minute. This pressure modulation in the first volume may in particular be caused by a succession of pressure pulses.
- the numerical analysis of the variations of the measured pressures comprises a follow-up of the evolution over time of the reduced sensitivity of the pressure P (t) measured in the second volume to the intrinsic permeability and of the evolution over time of the reduced sensitivity of Pi (t) to the Klinkenberg or Forchheimer coefficient.
- the numerical analysis of the variations of the measured pressures Po (t), P-i (t) is performed so as to estimate the porosity ⁇ of the material in addition to its intrinsic permeability k
- the numerical analysis of the variations of the measured pressures can comprise a follow-up of the evolution over time of the reduced sensitivity of the pressure Pi (t) measured at the porosity. This makes it possible to verify that the pressure modulation has been applied in the first volume so as not to allow this sensitivity reduced to porosity to be stabilized, which would not make it possible to estimate the porosity ⁇ properly.
- An advantageous embodiment then comprises an examination of the evolution over time of the pressure in the second volume. When this examination shows that the pressure in the second volume varies substantially linearly with time, this pressure is allowed to vary substantially linearly to acquire values for the pre-estimation of the intrinsic permeability and the coefficient, and then apply a new pressure pulse in the first volume.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of an installation that can be used to implement a method for estimating physical parameters according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing reduced sensitivities to permeability, Klinkenberg coefficient and porosity in one embodiment of the process
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the evolution of the simulated pressure downstream of the sample in an exemplary implementation of the method
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the evolution of the reduced sensitivities to the permeability, the Klinkenberg coefficient and the porosity in the example of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the evolution of the ratio between the reduced sensitivities to the permeability and to the Klinkenberg coefficient in the example of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the evolution of the ratio between the reduced sensitivities to the permeability and the porosity in the example of FIG. 3;
- FIGS. 15 and 16 are graphs showing the evolution of the simulated pressures upstream and downstream of the sample in a test case of the method
- FIGS. 17 and 18 are graphs showing the evolution of the pressures measured upstream and downstream of the sample in a test on a pine sample
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the pressure residue downstream of the sample in the test of FIGS. 17 and 18, the residue being the the difference between the pressure calculated by a model describing the physics of the test and the pressure measured during the test;
- FIGS. 20 to 22 are graphs similar to those of FIGS. 17 to 19 in a first test on a rock sample
- FIGS. 23 to 25 are graphs similar to those of FIGS.
- Figures 26 to 28 are graphs similar to those of Figures 17 to 19 in a third test on the same rock sample.
- FIG. 1 The installation shown in Figure 1 comprises a Hassler cell in which is placed a sample 2 of material which is to determine physical parameters in the presence of a fluid flow.
- the fluid used is a gas such as nitrogen or helium.
- the Hassler cell is a sleeve in which the sample 2, of cylindrical shape of section S and length e, is sealed in order to force the flow of gas through the porous structure of the material.
- Sample 2 has an upstream face 3 and a downstream face 4 which communicate with two reservoirs 5, 6 whose volumes are respectively denoted VQ and V-
- Manometers 7, 8 can measure the pressures in the tanks 5, 6.
- the gas is passed through the sample from a bottle 10 connected to the upstream volume VQ through a valve 1 1 and a regulator 12.
- is connected to a recovery bottle 15 via a valve 16 and a pressure reducer 17.
- Other valves 18, 19 are provided between the expander 12 and the upstream volume VQ and between the expander 17 and the volume downstream V-
- Another valve 20 is placed between the upstream reservoir 5 and the Hassler cell 1 in order to trigger pressure pulses at the upstream face 3 of the sample.
- the valve 19 is positioned to put the reservoir downstream 6 at a starting pressure Pn (eg atmospheric pressure) while the valve 20 is closed. Once the pressure equilibrium is reached, the valve 19 is closed.
- the valves 1 1, 18 are opened and the regulator 12 is adjusted to the desired pressure value for the pulse.
- the upstream volume VQ is thus filled with gas at the desired pressure.
- the valve 18 is then closed and the valve 20 is opened in order to apply the pressure pulse to the sample 2.
- the pressure decrease in the upstream volume VQ is then observed. and the pressure increase in the downstream volume V ⁇
- the pressure Po (t) upstream of the sample 2 is a datum.
- the physical parameters of the material of sample 2 involved in the system are its porosity ⁇ , its intrinsic permeability k
- que ⁇ ⁇ is greater than the accuracy of the measuring tool (pressure sensors 7, 8) used to raise f (t); if several parameters are searched (for example k
- FIG. 2 shows the evolution in time of the reduced sensitivities to the permeability k
- 2.5 ⁇ 10 -3 m 3 , with an initial pressure of 15 bar in the upstream volume VQ and 1 bar in the downstream volume V -1.
- These sensitivities were calculated from P-
- Klinkenberg b if we also know the value of porosity ⁇ .
- the sensitivity analysis was conducted in a simulation on a material of intrinsic permeability k
- 2.5 ⁇ 10 -3 m 3 .
- FIG. 3 shows the evolution over time of the pressure P-
- Figure 4 shows the evolution over time of the reduced sensitivities ⁇ k
- Figure 5 shows the evolution over time of the ratio between the reduced sensitivities ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ b to the intrinsic permeability k
- Figure 6 shows the evolution over time of the ratio between the reduced sensitivities ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ to the intrinsic permeability k
- the coefficient 3 was taken so that the intervals Po (t) ⁇ ⁇ PQ and P-
- the parameters used in the test series are those indicated in Table I, including the number N of measurement points of the pressures P 0 (t) and P-
- three pressure pulses causing the pressure in the upstream reservoir to j 0 P, 2P and 3P 0 0i j were applied at times 0, t f / 3 and 2t f / 3.
- the pressure modulation adopted in this series of tests makes it possible to qualify the measurement method in this case of "Step Decay".
- Figures 15 and 16 show the evolution of the pressures Po (t) and P-
- the volume V-
- a value of 0.1 liter leads to satisfactory results in the case of the studied materials and is sufficiently high to limit the error due to the dead volume downstream.
- 0.05 to 10 liters can generally be used; - working at higher pressure levels (5, 10 and 15 bar) leads to better accuracy in the case where b 13.08 bar;
- - acceptable measurement times for the estimation of the three parameters are 20 minutes for k
- a relatively large volume V 0 has the advantage that the pressure
- Po (t) varies slightly between two pulses. Moreover, if the volume V-
- Klinkenberg b were pre-estimated at 1.76 ⁇ 10 -16 m 2 and at 0.099 bar The final results of the estimate are shown in Table III, with the relative standard deviations ⁇ 1, ⁇ and ⁇ 2 on the three parameters estimated simultaneously.
- Table III The evolutions of the measured pressures P 0 (t) in bar and ⁇ -
- ( ⁇ ) P-
- Figure 19 shows the residue on P-
- ( ⁇ ) P-
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11704666A EP2526400A1 (fr) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-21 | Mesure de parametres lies a l'ecoulement de fluides dans un materiau poreux |
AU2011208574A AU2011208574C1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-21 | Measurement of parameters linked to the flow of fluids in a porous material |
BR112012018093A BR112012018093A2 (pt) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-21 | medida de parâmetros ligados ao escoamento de fluidos em um material poroso |
RU2012136121/28A RU2549216C2 (ru) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-21 | Измерение параметров, связанных с прохождением текучих сред в пористом материале |
CA2787771A CA2787771A1 (fr) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-21 | Mesure de parametres lies a l'ecoulement de fluides dans un materiau poreux |
US13/574,300 US20130054157A1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-21 | Measurement of parameters linked to the flow of fluids in a porous material |
CN2011800157182A CN102906556A (zh) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-21 | 多孔材料中关于流体流动参数的测量 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1050437A FR2955662B1 (fr) | 2010-01-22 | 2010-01-22 | Mesure de parametres lies a l'ecoulement de fluides dans un materiau poreux |
FR1050437 | 2010-01-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2011089367A1 true WO2011089367A1 (fr) | 2011-07-28 |
Family
ID=42671805
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2011/050123 WO2011089367A1 (fr) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-21 | Mesure de parametres lies a l'ecoulement de fluides dans un materiau poreux |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130054157A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2526400A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102906556A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2011208574C1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112012018093A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2787771A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2955662B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2549216C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011089367A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
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FR2982949A1 (fr) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-24 | Diam Bouchage | Dispositif pour la mesure de la permeabilite de bouchons de bouteilles et methode correspondante |
FR3002632A1 (fr) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-08-29 | Brgm | Dispositif d'analyse en milieu percolant |
CN108801872A (zh) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-11-13 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种岩土材料渗流系数相关偏度确定方法 |
WO2021254710A1 (fr) | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede pour determiner le volume poreux d'un echantillon de milieu poreux |
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PT107408B (pt) * | 2014-01-17 | 2021-01-21 | Amorim Cork Research & Services, Lda. | Processo e dispositivo para verificação de estanquidade de rolhas de cortiça |
US10288517B2 (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2019-05-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Apparatus and calibration method for measurement of ultra-low permeability and porosity |
US10274411B2 (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2019-04-30 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods for measurement of ultra-low permeability and porosity |
WO2015160691A1 (fr) * | 2014-04-14 | 2015-10-22 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Procédés de mesure de perméabilité et de porosité ultra basses |
US10108762B2 (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2018-10-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Tunable miniaturized physical subsurface model for simulation and inversion |
US10302543B2 (en) | 2015-05-07 | 2019-05-28 | The Uab Research Foundation | Full immersion pressure-pulse decay |
US10365202B2 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2019-07-30 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method for measurement of ultra-low permeability and porosity by accounting for adsorption |
CN104990857A (zh) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-10-21 | 重庆大学 | 真三轴环境下煤岩渗透率的检测方法及装置 |
CN107907661A (zh) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所兰州油气资源研究中心 | 盆地深部储层岩石与流体相互作用模拟装置及使用方法 |
CA3100901A1 (fr) | 2018-06-05 | 2019-12-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Systemes et procedes d'analyse d'un flux de gaz naturel dans des reservoirs souterrains |
CN109975140B (zh) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-02-22 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | 超临界二氧化碳脉冲致裂与渗透率测试一体化的实验装置及方法 |
US11079313B2 (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-08-03 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methods and systems for determining core permeability pulse decay experiments |
CN110320149B (zh) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-08-03 | 西南石油大学 | 一种流向可调式不规则岩样高压渗透装置及测试方法 |
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CN112924357B (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-02-01 | 西南石油大学 | 一种地层压力下致密岩石孔渗联测装置及方法 |
CN115096784B (zh) * | 2022-06-01 | 2024-04-19 | 湖南大学 | 基于Forchheimer定理对高渗混凝土非线性低流速时渗透系数的测定 |
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FR2836228B1 (fr) * | 2002-02-21 | 2005-08-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode et dispositif pour evaluer des parametres physiques d'un gisement souterrain a partir de debris de roche qui y sont preleves |
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- 2010-01-22 FR FR1050437A patent/FR2955662B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
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- 2011-01-21 WO PCT/FR2011/050123 patent/WO2011089367A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2011-01-21 US US13/574,300 patent/US20130054157A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-01-21 AU AU2011208574A patent/AU2011208574C1/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-01-21 CA CA2787771A patent/CA2787771A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2011-01-21 EP EP11704666A patent/EP2526400A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-01-21 CN CN2011800157182A patent/CN102906556A/zh active Pending
- 2011-01-21 RU RU2012136121/28A patent/RU2549216C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-01-21 BR BR112012018093A patent/BR112012018093A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2982949A1 (fr) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-24 | Diam Bouchage | Dispositif pour la mesure de la permeabilite de bouchons de bouteilles et methode correspondante |
EP2597446A1 (fr) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-29 | Diam Bouchage | Dispositif pour la mesure de la perméabilité de bouchons de bouteilles et méthode correspondante |
FR3002632A1 (fr) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-08-29 | Brgm | Dispositif d'analyse en milieu percolant |
CN108801872A (zh) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-11-13 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种岩土材料渗流系数相关偏度确定方法 |
CN108801872B (zh) * | 2018-04-18 | 2021-02-12 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种岩土材料渗流系数相关偏度确定方法 |
WO2021254710A1 (fr) | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede pour determiner le volume poreux d'un echantillon de milieu poreux |
FR3111706A1 (fr) | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-24 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procédé pour déterminer le volume poreux d'un échantillon de milieu poreux |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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BR112012018093A2 (pt) | 2016-05-03 |
RU2012136121A (ru) | 2014-02-27 |
RU2549216C2 (ru) | 2015-04-20 |
AU2011208574A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
FR2955662B1 (fr) | 2014-08-22 |
AU2011208574B2 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
CN102906556A (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
US20130054157A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
EP2526400A1 (fr) | 2012-11-28 |
AU2011208574C1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
FR2955662A1 (fr) | 2011-07-29 |
CA2787771A1 (fr) | 2011-07-28 |
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