WO2011084088A2

WO2011084088A2 - Pneumatic shooting device

Info

Publication number: WO2011084088A2
Application number: PCT/RU2010/000775
Authority: WO
Inventors: Олег Валерьевич СОРОКИН; Юрий Александрович ГАБЛИЯ; Юрий Олегович ЛАДЯГИН
Original assignee: Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Ай Пи Солюшинс"
Priority date: 2009-12-23
Filing date: 2010-12-21
Publication date: 2011-07-14
Also published as: BG111208A; WO2011084088A3; RU2420701C1; CN102713495A

Abstract

The invention relates to pneumatic combat weapons, hand-held shooting devices for self-defence, and shooting knives. The aim of the invention is to obviate the defects of the prior art, and to produce a hand-held pneumatic shooting device for use, for example, for self-defence in potentially explosive environments in which the use of firearms is not permitted, or for use underwater by scuba divers and military divers as a shooting knife for striking different types of targets, for example, dangerous fish and sea creatures. The pneumatic shooting device comprises a handle having a sealed gas charging chamber therein, a valve ring, a trigger member, and a projectile. The projectile or the tail portion thereof is positioned inside one or more separate sealed gas charging chambers of the handle so as to be able to interact with the trigger member. Furthermore, the projectile or the tail portion thereof is hydraulically balanced or biased in the direction in which the projectile or the tail portion thereof is to be projected from the handle.

Description

PNEUMATIC FIRING DEVICE

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to combat pneumatic weapons, portable shooting self-defense devices, to shooting knives.

State of the art

There are well-known pneumatic fountain pens, the Air Pen of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and the Office of Special Operations (SOE) developed during the Second World War in Great Britain and the USA for special operations. These shooting devices for throwing a poisoned needle had a standard spring-piston pneumatics scheme in which the projectile is thrown at the expense of air energy when it is dynamically compressed by a piston with a spring. The device was intended not for kinetic hit of a target, but for low-noise throwing of a poisoned projectile at a target.

Known shooting knives using compressed energy for gas, such as a pneumatic shooting knife designed by I. Skrylev, described in the magazine "Master Gun" 27/28 for 1998 In a knife of this design, the piston located in the cavity of the handle has a small piston cavity filled with compressed air by the compressor pumped from the outside of the knife, or by means of a cylinder of compressed gas through a check valve. The piston interacts with a missile projectile, which is a short arrow. An arrow inserted into the end of the knife handle is fixed in the knife handle using a lever system with a combat stop. Then, air from the compressor is pumped into the piston cavity.

When fired by pressing the thumb on the shutter button, which is part of a system of levers that decrease the pulling force, the combat platoon unlocks releasing the arrow, and the gas compressed in the piston cavity expands and throws the arrow at the target. The knife of this design can be used both on land and under water.

The disadvantage of a knife of this design is the low charging pressure of the compressed gas to fill the piston cavity before firing.

The possible maximum pressure of the compressed gas is limited by the gear ratios of the leverage with a combat stop. With increasing pressure of the compressed gas to increase the “muzzle energy”, the descent force increases so much that the efforts of the thumb are simply not enough to remove the boom from the combat platoon and, accordingly, produce a shot. Given the scale of the picture ("Master Gun" 27/28 for 1998), the piston diameter is about 20 mm, the force flowing through the piston to the trigger system will be about 785 kg, at a charging pressure of 250 atm. Overcoming similar efforts with the muscular effort of the thumb, even through a system of levers, is physically impossible.

The disadvantage of the knife is also the position of the knife that is unnatural for the shot to be fired by the blade towards the user. Even with the pneumatic method of throwing, the recoil during firing due to the considerable weight of the boom (even at its insignificant speed) can reach such a value that when firing, the knife (for example, under water, due to “water lubrication”) cannot be held by the hand and the knife during firing with a certain speed attached, it will hit the user with the sharp end of the blade. In addition, such an unnatural position of the knife during firing increases the time it takes to move the knife from the “cold weapon” position to the “throwing pneumatic weapon” position, which can lead to a fall or even loss of the knife (for example, under water), or when there is a shortage time (to transfer from one position to another) to the inability to have time to fire a shot. A disadvantage of a knife of this design is also the inability to fire a second shot in the case of, for example, a miss or a fight with a group of opponents.

The main disadvantage of a knife of a similar design, therefore, is the low throwing energy of the striking arrow, the inability to produce a second shot, the danger of being used in an unnatural position for a shot, and the inconvenience of moving the knife from the "cold weapon" to the "throwing air weapon" position.

Moreover, pneumatic firing devices have not been identified from the prior art that provide similar muzzle energy for a projectile with similar dimensions to fire firing devices.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the closest analogues, the creation of a portable pneumatic shooting device for use, for example, for self-defense in explosive areas where the use of firearms is unacceptable, or the use of scuba divers, combat swimmers under water as a shooting knife used to kill various targets, for example, to kill dangerous marine fish and animals.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the device of the present invention containing a handle, a sealed gas charging cavity in the handle, a valve ring, a trigger and a missile element, a missile element is located inside one or more separate sealed gas charging cavities of the handle or the tail of the missile element with the possibility of interaction with the trigger, respectively, while the missile element or its tail part is hydraulically balanced or rebalanced to the side of throwing from the handle of the missile element or its tail.

An additional feature is that the projectile is a lancet shell.

An additional feature is that it has a knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blade mounted on the handle permanently or with the possibility of quick removal.

An additional feature is that it has a knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blade fixed to the handle continuously or with the possibility of quick removal, and the throwing elements are additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades with a tail part, which are located in the gas charging cavity.

An additional feature is that the part of the missile element located in the gas charging cavity has its own internal cavity filled with a light incompressible material.

An additional feature is that the incompressible material is made in the form of a plumage rod with the ability to move relative to the inner cavity of the tagged element or the cavity of the tail of the tagged element.

An additional feature is that the end part of the missile element or the tail of the missile element located in the gas charging cavity, or the internal cavity of the missile element or the cavity of the tail part the missile elements located in the gas charging cavity have the ability to be connected to the atmosphere through a channel with high hydraulic resistance exiting into the atmosphere from the end part of the sealed gas charging cavity or the front of the missile element.

An additional feature is that between the rear part of the projectile element or the tail part of the projectile element and the inner end of the gas charging strips, a shot sound cutoff is movable relative to the gas charging cavities of the cavity, which is part of the system of hydraulic balancing of the projected element or shank of the missile element.

An additional feature is that the trigger is a pivoting lever whose axis interacts with the missile element or the tail of the missile element.

An additional feature is that the trigger is a one-armed or two-armed lever that interacts with the missile element or the tail of the missile element.

An additional feature is that the trigger is a button that interacts with the missile element or the tail of the missile element and moves perpendicularly or at an angle to the missile element or the tail of the missile element. An additional feature is that the trigger has the ability to interact with the throwing element or the shank of the throwing element for their forced hydraulic imbalance with the extension of the throwing element or the shank of the throwing element in the direction of throwing.

An additional feature is that the trigger has a fuse that prevents exposure to the trigger before being removed from it.

An additional feature is that the axis of the missile element or its tail is offset relative to the axis of the sealed gas charging cavity of the handle.

An additional feature is that the sealing elements sealing the gas charging cavity are mounted on the tail of the missile element or in the body of the handle or in the body of the sound cutoff of the shot.

An additional feature is that it additionally contains an integrated laser target designator or target designator.

An additional feature is that the lancet shell has on its head a counterpart of cutting made in the output part of the guide of the gas charging cavity, which acts as a rifled barrel.

An additional feature is that the blade mounted on the handle has one or more longitudinal guides for one or more accessories. knife-like or stylet-shaped blades that prevent the movement of additional blades in any direction other than the throwing direction, and additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades of the elements being thrown have a counterpart for the guide rails of the blade mounted on the handle constantly.

An additional feature is that the additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades of the meta-elements have one or more cutting edges.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a pneumatic firing device with a lancet shell, dead-volume compensator, a retractable rod-empennage of the projectile, a trigger in the form of a rotary lever with a fuse in a static state.

FIG. 2 is an interactive detail of a pneumatic firing device in a static state.

Fig. 3 is the interacting details of a pneumatic firing device in a shot state.

Figure 4 is a section of a pneumatic firing device at the beginning of a projectile movement.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a pneumatic firing device after leaving a device. Fig, 6 is a section of a pneumatic firing device with a knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blade in a static state.

Fig. 7 is an outside view of a pneumatic shooting device with a knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blade in the projection position.

Fig. 8 is an external view of a pneumatic shooting device with a constant blade and throwable elements in the form of additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades in a static position.

Fig. 9 is an external view of a pneumatic shooting device with a constant blade and throwable elements in the form of additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades at the time of the departure of the additional blade.

Figure 10 is a section of a pneumatic firing device with a sound cutoff shot in a static position.

Figure 1 1 is a sectional view of a device for firing a pneumatic shot with a sound cutter at the beginning of the movement of a missile element.

Fig is a section of a device firing pneumatic with a cutoff sound shot after leaving the device with a missile element.

Fig.13. represents the details of a pneumatic firing device with a trigger in the form of a button in the state of protection. Fig.14. It represents the details of a pneumatic firing device with a trigger in the form of a button disarmed.

Fig.15. represents the details of a pneumatic firing device with a trigger in the form of a button removed from protection and pressed to fire a shot.

Fig. 16 is a detail of a pneumatic firing device with a trigger in the form of a button with a tagged element at the beginning of acceleration.

Fig.17. It is a section of a pneumatic firing device with the axis of the missile element or its tail part, offset from the axis of the sealed gas charging cavity of the handle. The implementation of the invention

The pneumatic firing device (FIG. 1) consists of a housing 1, which is a holding handle, in which sealed gas charging cavities are made 2. The ends of the cavities 2 are closed by plugs 3 provided with o-rings 4. An annular flow-through is made on the plug 3 ka, in which an elastic valve ring 5 is installed, blocking the transverse channel connected to the filling channel 6.

On the cork 3 there is a protrusion 7 with annular grooves on which the sealing rings are installed 8. A missile element (hereinafter projectile) consisting of a shell 9 and attached Hermetically pointed head portion 10 is installed by the end of the shell 9 on the protrusion 7. The missile element is a lancet shell. Moreover, it may have a knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blade, which is mounted on the holding handle continuously or with the possibility of quick removal. Also, a lancet shell can have a mating part on the head part made in the output part of the guide gas charging cavity 2, which acts as a rifled barrel.

Throwing elements can also be additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades with a tail part located in the gas charging cavity 2. Moreover, the blade mounted on the handle has one or more longitudinal guides for one or more additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades that prevent the movement of additional blades in any direction except the direction of throwing, and additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades of the elements being thrown have a response ustanovlenno- th to handle constantly to guide the blade. Additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades of the missile elements, in turn, may have one or more cutting edges.

The part of the missile element located in the gas charging cavity may have its own internal cavity filled with a light incompressible material. Mentioned incompressible material is made in the form of a rod plumage with the possibility of its movement relative to the internal cavity of the missile element or the cavity of the tail of the missile element.

Inside the shell 9 with the possibility of movement, a rod-plumage 1 1 incompressible by a high charging pressure of gas was installed, having an increase in diameter 12. In the shell 9, a reduction of 13 of the inner diameter was made. In the plumage rod 1 1, there is also a through channel 14 having a cavity 15 at the end. In the head pointed part 10, annular grooves with sealing rings 16 and a channel 17 with great hydraulic resistance exit into the cutout 18 of the head pointed part 10.

In this case, the device can be made with one or more separate sealed gas charging cavities 2, which are located in the handle. The missile element or the tail of the missile element is designed to interact with the trigger, respectively, while the tag or its tail is hydraulically balanced or re-balanced towards the throwing from the handle of the missile element or its tail.

The end part of the projectile element or the tail of the projectile element located in the gas charging cavity 2, or the internal cavity of the projectile element or the cavity of the tail part of the projectile element located in the gas charging cavity 2, can be connected to the atmosphere through a channel with a large hydraulic resistance leaving the atmosphere from the end of the sealed gas charging cavity 2 or the front of the missile element.

In figure 2, in the housing 1 (Fig. L), a trigger member 19 (Fig. 1) is installed, which is a lever 20 with an axis 21 having a cutout 22 interacting with a cutout 18 (Fig. 1) of the head pointed part 10 (Fig. 1). In the lever 20, a spring-loaded fuse 23 moves, which enters in the safety state into the safety hole of the housing 1 (Fig. 1), with a head 24 pulled by a finger when removing it from the fuse.

In this case, between the rear part of the projectile element or the tail part of the projectile element and the inner end of the gas charging cavities 2, a sound cutter 33 movable relative to the gas charging cavities of the cavity is fired, which is part of the hydraulic balancing system of the projectile element or the tail of the projectile element.

Also, in one embodiment of the present device, it may additionally have a built-in laser target designator or target designator (not shown in the figures).

Next, we describe the operation of the claimed device.

1 and 2, the device is in a static position. The device is charged with compressed gas, for example, air with a pressure of up to 350 atm. (highest pressure in non-special compressor technology) and more, through the filling channel 6. When refueling, the elastic valve ring 5, overlapping the transverse channel of the plug 3 connected to the refueling channel 6, opens and the cavity 2 is filled with compressed gas. When the pressure in the cavity 2 is equalized with the pressure of the filling pressure source, the ring 5 overlaps the transverse channel connected to the filling channel 6. The diameter of the protrusion 7 is less than the diameter of the shell 9 of the projectile. Therefore, a hydraulic force equal to the difference in area described by the shell 9 and the protrusion 7 multiplied by the filling pressure begins to act on the shell 9 in the direction of projectile throwing. This pressure is selected in such a way that at its maximum value, the force exerted through the head pointed part 10 on the trigger organ 19 does not interfere with its comfortable unlocking by the force of the finger. The force acting on the projectile and directed towards the throwing can be made extremely small, i.e. hydraulically balance the projectile.

The trigger 19 may be a pivoting arm whose axis interacts with the missile element or the tail of the missile element, or it can be a button that interacts with the missile element or the tail of the missile element and moves perpendicularly or at an angle to the missile element or the tail part of the missile element, And also the trigger 19 has the ability to interact with the missile element or the shank of the missile element for their forced guide equal balancing with the extension of the throwing element or the shank of the throwing element in the direction of throwing.

In Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the device is in different phases of the shot.

The trigger element 19 has a fuse 23, which prevents the trigger on the trigger organ 19 from being removed from it.

On Fig. 3 shows the lever 20 removed from the fuse 23 and rotated to the firing position. When you press your finger on the lever 20 and the corresponding rotation of the axis holding the projectile axis 21 of the trigger and disconnecting the cutout 22 with the cutout 18 of the head of the pointed part 10, the projectile under the action of the force from the difference in area described by the shell 9 and the protrusion 7, begins to move to the throwing side .

In figure 4, as soon as the shell 9 is disconnected from the protrusion 7, the gas pressure in the cavity 2 will fully act on the area described by the shell 9, and the projectile begins to accelerate along the cavity 2. In this case, the tail unit 1 1, made of light incompressible material, for example, plastic, acts as a compensator for the dead volume of the internal cavity of the shell 9.

When the projectile moves in the cavity 2, the compressed gas through the channel 14 in the rod 11 enters the cavity 15, creating pressure in it. In this case, a small part of the gas from the cavity 15 is vented into the atmosphere through the channel 17.

Figure 5, when the projectile from the cavity 2 into the atmosphere, gas, expanding in the cavity 15 and forming a cavity inside the shell 9, extends the tail unit 11 from the shell 9, until the enlarged diameter 12 of the shaft 1 1 (location A in FIG. 1) is stopped by the reduced inner diameter (13 into position B in FIG. 1) of the shell 9. The projectile in the composition of the head pointed part 10, the shell 9 and the plumage rod 11 extended from the shell, moves toward the target.

Channel 17 is necessary to prevent the buildup of force on the trigger 19 when storing a charged device in the event of leakage of even a minimum amount of compressed gas through the seal 8. If there is no leakage of gas from the channel 17, then due to leakage through the seal 8 of the compressed gas, the pulling force the shell 9 and, accordingly, on the head part 10 will increase and reach full effort when throwing, that is, tens (up to hundreds) of kilograms. In this case, when trying to fire a shot, the efforts of the finger are simply not enough to turn the lever 20 and, thus, disconnect the axis 21 of the trigger with the notch 18 of the head part 10.

Due to the fact that in the claimed device the projectile is hydraulically balanced so that the release force of the trigger device is comfortable for the user, that is, the charge pressure and, accordingly, the muzzle energy of the projectile is theoretically unlimited, and is limited only by strength conditions applied materials.

Figure 6 shows a pneumatic firing device in a static state. The device differs from that shown in the previous figures by the presence of a constant blade 25, mounted in the housing 1, for example, with a screw or a latch to quickly remove the blade 25, if there is a need to reduce the size of the firing device.

Figure 7 shows a pneumatic firing device at the time of a shot. The lever 20 is turned to the unlocking position of the projectile, the projectile 26 has come out of the housing 1 and moves along the duct 27 made in the blade 25.

Fig. 8 shows a pneumatic firing device containing a permanent blade 28 and additional blades 29, which are actually a modified part of the projectile by the head.

In Fig.9. a pneumatic firing device is shown at the time of departure of the additional blade 29 having a guiding protrusion 30 made in the form of a dovetail and moving along a reciprocal longitudinal groove 31, also made in the form of a dovetail on the side of the constant blade 28.

The missile element (shell) in airguns should have as much weight as possible to ensure sufficient muzzle energy, since in airguns a large muzzle energy is achieved not by increasing the velocity of the projectile, as in firearms, but by its weight, and in the case of filling a missile element in the form of a tail with a knife blade, a relatively heavy blade increases the efficiency of using gas charge energy. Figure 10 shows a pneumatic firing device, comprising a housing 1 with a charging cavity 2, a plug 32 with an O-ring 4, and an annular groove in which an elastic valve ring 5 is installed that overlaps the transverse channel connected to the filling channel 6. At the end of the plug 32, which enters the cavity 2, a cavity is made which includes the protrusion of the shot sound cutter 33 with an O-ring seal 34. The shell 9 of the missile element with a hermetically sealed head part 10 with an O-ring 16 has an end face 35 from aspolozhennym thereon uplotne- Niemi ring 36 within the cavity end sound vystre- la clipper 33 and facing towards the throwing. That is, the sealing elements sealing the gas charging cavity are mounted on the tail of the projectile element either in the handle body or in the body of the shot sound cutoff.

The missile element is held in the housing 1 by means of the trigger organ 19. The area described by the diameter of the shell 9 and the end face 35 are the same. The area described by the protrusion with the O-ring 34 of the cutter 33 is less than the area of the shell 9 and the end 35. An end with a large hydraulic resistance 37 is made in the end face 35, and an opening with a large hydraulic resistance 38 is made in the cutter 33. The purpose of these holes is in the discharge into the atmosphere of the gas as a result of its possible leaks through seals 34 and 36, causing malfunctions of the device and expressed in the disconnection of the end face 35 and the shut-off device 33 or expressed in increasing efforts descent on the trigger organ 19 (described in detail at the beginning of the description of the invention).

In Fig. 11, when the trigger 19 is unlocked, the shell 9 with the head part 10 (Figure 10) and the cutoff sound of the shot begin to move toward throwing under the action of a force arising from the difference in the areas described by the shell 9 (identical to the area described by the end face 35 ) and described by the protrusion of the cutter 33 with a seal 34 multiplied by the charge pressure in the cavity 2.

During movement of the shell 9 of the missile element along the cavity 2, the cutter 33 is connected to the end face 35 of the shell 9.

12, when the cutter 33 reaches the end 39 of the cavity 2, the cutter 33 stops, and the end face 35 of the shell 9 of the missile element is disconnected from the cutter 33, and the missile element moves toward the target.

On Fig. depicts a pneumatic firing device with a trigger, which is a button 40, moving perpendicular to the missile element and blocked by the possibility of movement in the preservation state of the fuse 41, rotating on axis 42 and having a ball spring lock.

On Fig fuse 41 is raised to the unlock position of the button 40.

On Fig fuse 41 is raised, and the button 40 is pressed so that its part interacting with the cutout 18 head part 10 of the missile element, disengaged from the cutout 18.

In Fig. 16, the cutout 18 has completely disengaged from the button 40 and the missile element has begun to accelerate.

FIG. 17 shows a pneumatic firing device having inconsistently (that is, with spaced apart axes) gas charging cavities 2 and shells 9 of missile elements disposed, as well as additional cutting edges 43 of the blade. That is, the axis of the missile element or its tail is offset relative to the axis of the sealed gas charging cavity of the handle. This design allows to reduce the dimensions of the handle of the device while maintaining the cross section and, accordingly, the strength of the constant blade.

Claims

Claim

1. A pneumatic firing device containing a handle, a sealed gas charging cavity in the handle, a valve ring, a trigger and a missile element, characterized in that inside one or more separate sealed gas charging cavities of the handle is a missile element or a tail of the missile element with the possibility of interaction with the trigger, respectively, while the missile element or its tail is hydraulically balanced or rebalanced in the direction of throwing from the handle of the element or its tail section.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the missile element is a lancet shell.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blade mounted on the handle permanently or with the possibility of quick removal.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blade mounted on the handle continuously or with the possibility of quick removal, and the missile elements are additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades with a tail located in the gas charging cavity.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the missile element located in the gas charging cavity, has its own internal cavity filled with light incompressible material.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the incompressible material is made in the form of a plumage rod with the ability to move relative to the internal cavity of the missile element or the cavity of the tail of the missile element.

7. The device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the end part of the missile element or the tail of the missile element located in the gas charging cavity, or the internal cavity of the missile element or the cavity of the tail of the missile element located in the gas charging cavity connection with the atmosphere through a channel with high hydraulic resistance that enters the atmosphere from the end of the sealed gas charging cavity or the front of the missile element.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that between the back of the missile element or the tail of the missile element and the inner end of the gas charging cavities, a shot sound cutoff is movable relative to the gas charging cavities of the cavity, which is part of the hydraulic balancing system of the missile element or the tail of the missile element .

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger is a rotary lever, the axis of which interacts with the missile element or the tail of the missile element.

10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger is a single-arm or two-arm lever that interacts with the missile element or the tail of the missile element.

1 1. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger is a button that interacts with the missile element or the tail of the missile element and moves perpendicularly or at an angle to the missile element or the tail of the missile element.

12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger has the ability to interact with the throwing element or the shank of the throwing element for their forced hydraulic balancing with the extension of the throwing element or the shank of the throwing element in the direction of throwing.

13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger has a fuse that prevents exposure to the trigger before removal from it.

14. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the missile element or its tail portion ^' is offset relative to the axis of the sealed gas charging cavity of the handle.

15. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing gas charging cavity sealing the elements are mounted on the tail of the missile element, or in the body of the handle, or in the body of the cutoff sound of the shot.

16. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an integrated laser target designator or target designator.

17. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lancet shell has on its head a response part of a cut made in the output part of the guide of the gas charging cavity, acting as a rifled barrel.

18. The device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the blade mounted on the handle has one or more longitudinal guides for one or more additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades that prevent the movement of additional blades in any direction except the throwing direction, and additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades of throwing elements have a counterpart for the guide rails mounted permanently on the handle.

19. The device according to p. 18, characterized in that the additional knife-shaped or stylet-shaped blades of the missile elements have one or more cutting edges.