WO2011077881A1 - 風車翼及びそれを用いた風力発電装置 - Google Patents
風車翼及びそれを用いた風力発電装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011077881A1 WO2011077881A1 PCT/JP2010/070797 JP2010070797W WO2011077881A1 WO 2011077881 A1 WO2011077881 A1 WO 2011077881A1 JP 2010070797 W JP2010070797 W JP 2010070797W WO 2011077881 A1 WO2011077881 A1 WO 2011077881A1
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- Prior art keywords
- reinforcement
- wind turbine
- turbine blade
- wing
- reinforcing
- Prior art date
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 116
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 48
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
- F05B2240/221—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05B2280/6003—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wind turbine blade and a wind turbine generator using the same.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a wind turbine blade.
- the wind turbine blade 100 includes an outer shell 101 of a basic laminated structure, a front edge reinforcing portion 103, a rear edge reinforcing portion 105 (105a, 105b), an abdominal reinforcing portion 104a, and a back reinforcing portion 104b. And the girder material 102.
- the front edge reinforcing portion 103, the rear edge reinforcing portion 105, the abdomen reinforcing portion 104a, and the back reinforcing portion 104b are provided on the front edge portion, the rear edge portion, the belly portion, and the back portion of the wind turbine blade 100, respectively. .
- a unidirectional reinforcing material of fiber reinforced plastic (also referred to as UD material or 0 ° material) is disposed at a position far from the bending center X Structure is effective. Therefore, the UD material is concentrated on the ventral and dorsal central portions (abdominal reinforcement portion 104a and dorsal reinforcement portion 104b), and the front edge and rear edge (front edge reinforcement portion 103 and rear edge reinforcement portions 105a and 105b).
- stacks and arranges is used.
- a plurality of layers of a fiber reinforced plastic bias material (also referred to as a ⁇ 45 ° material or a multidirectional material) or the like is used for the outer shell 101 covering the entire blade surface of the wind turbine blade 100.
- a portion of the outer shell 101 where the UD material is not disposed (a portion excluding the front edge portion reinforcing portion 103, the rear edge portion reinforcing portions 105a and 105b, the abdominal portion reinforcing portion 104a, and the back portion reinforcing portion 104b)
- a sandwich structure in which the core material is sandwiched between the bias materials is used.
- FIG. 1B is a schematic view specifically showing the laminated structure of FIG. 1A.
- the solid line indicates the bias material ( ⁇ 45 ° material) 111
- the broken line indicates the UD material (0 ° material) 112
- the trapezoid (rectangle) indicates the core material 113, respectively.
- n layers of ⁇ 45 ° material and m layers of ⁇ 45 ° material are provided on the outer side and inner side, respectively (n and m are natural numbers).
- the following layers are provided in each portion of the wind turbine blade 100 between the ⁇ 45 ° material of the n-layer and the ⁇ 45 ° material of the m-layer of the outer skin 101.
- the front edge portion reinforcing portion 103, the abdominal portion reinforcing portion 104a / the back portion reinforcing portion 104b, and the rear edge portion reinforcing portion 105a / 105b are provided with 0 ° materials of p layer, q layer and r layer, respectively.
- P, q, r are natural numbers). In this case, q >> p, r.
- a core material 113 of one layer is provided.
- the part of the last edge may be only the outer skin 101 (including the core material 113).
- the 0 ° material is a material in which fibers are arranged at an angle of 0 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade to allow resin to permeate. It can be seen as a fiber reinforced plastic with fibers arranged at an angle of 0 °.
- the ⁇ 45 ° material is a material in which fibers are alternately arranged at angles of + 45 ° and ⁇ 45 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade to allow resin penetration. It can be viewed as a fiber-reinforced plastic in which the fibers are arranged at an angle of ⁇ 45 °.
- the fibers are exemplified by carbon fibers and glass fibers.
- the stacked state of the front edge portion reinforcing portion 103 is ( ⁇ 45 °) n / (0 °) p / ( ⁇ 45 °) m sequentially from the outside.
- the laminated state of the abdominal reinforcing portion 104a and the back reinforcing portion 104b is ( ⁇ 45 °) n / (0 °) q / ( ⁇ 45 °) m sequentially from the outside.
- the stacked state of the rear edge reinforcing portion 105 a / 105 b is ( ⁇ 45 °) n / (0 °) r / ( ⁇ 45 °) m .
- the laminated state of the other parts is ( ⁇ 45 °) n / core material / ( ⁇ 45 °) m .
- ⁇ 45 ° and 0 ° indicate ⁇ 45 ° material and 0 ° material, respectively.
- subscripts n, m, p, q and r indicate the number of layers, respectively.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-118434 discloses a method of manufacturing a light-weight wind turbine blade.
- the wind turbine blade is used for a vertical axis wind power generator.
- the first half blade and the second half blade to be the surface layer of the wind turbine blade are made of a predetermined fiber material so that a predetermined space is formed in the blade of the wind turbine blade.
- the resin material mixed with the curing agent is impregnated to form a laminate.
- an in-wing support layer supporting the thickness direction in the wing is laminated on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical elastic member by impregnating a predetermined fibrous material with a resin material in which a curing agent is mixed.
- a cylindrically-shaped elastic member in which the support layer in the wing is formed so as to be integrally formed with the first support half layer and the second half support wing respectively.
- the inner support layer is disposed at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction of the wing so as to be crimped to the first half wing and the second half wing by an elastic force.
- the half wing and the second half wing are coupled and left for a predetermined time.
- the first half blade, the second half blade, and the inner blade support layer are all integrally formed by the curing action of the curing agent.
- a wind turbine blade is disclosed in JP-A-6-66244.
- the wind turbine blade is maintained in strength by the main girder inserted in the longitudinal direction of the skin.
- a unidirectional roving cloth is laminated in the longitudinal direction of the main girder, and a glass cloth and a glass mat are laminated in a band shape on the laminating of the unidirectional roving cloth.
- the front edge (front edge reinforcement portion 103) and the rear edge (rear edge) as well as the belly (abdominal reinforcement portion 104a) and the spine (back reinforcement portion 104b) of the wind turbine blade It is necessary to laminate the UD material 112 also to the portion reinforcing portion 105). That is, there are many places where the UD material 112 is disposed, and it takes time to stack the layers, resulting in a problem that the manufacturing time becomes long.
- the UD material is laminated on the front edge (front edge portion reinforcement portion 103) and the rear edge (rear edge portion reinforcement portion 105) at a position near the blade root and near the cylinder. Sometimes, it is necessary to stick UD material on a substantially vertical surface. Therefore, there is a problem that the UD material is easily displaced downward, and the manufacture is not easy.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine blade having a reduced manufacturing time and ease of manufacture, and a wind power generator using the same.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine blade having a reduced manufacturing time and an easy manufacturing process while suppressing an increase in weight, and a wind power generator using the same.
- the wind turbine blade of the present invention is a wind turbine blade having a laminated structure.
- the laminated structure includes an outer shell (1) having a wing shape, an abdominal reinforcement portion (4a) for reinforcing the abdomen of the wing in the outer shell (1), and a back reinforcement portion for reinforcing the wing back in the outer shell (1) 4b).
- the shell (1) is formed by laminating the first multi-directional material (11: ( ⁇ 45 °) n ), the first unidirectional reinforcement (12: (0 °) N ), and the second multi-directional material (11: ( ⁇ 45 °) m ) is provided.
- the abdominal reinforcement portion (4a) is provided between the first one-way reinforcement (12: (0 °) N ) and the second plural-direction material (11: ( ⁇ 45 °) m ) Equipped with unidirectional reinforcement (12: (0 °) Q ).
- the back reinforcement (4b) is provided between the first one-way reinforcement (12: (0 °) N ) and the second plural-direction material (11: ( ⁇ 45 °) m ) Equipped with a one-way reinforcement (12 (0 °) Q ).
- the outer shell (1) is provided between the abdominal reinforcement (4a) and the back reinforcement (4b) on the front edge side and between the abdominal reinforcement (4a) and the back reinforcement (4b) on the rear edge side.
- a core material (13) of 1 is provided.
- one-directional reinforcement (12: (0 °) N ) is laminated on the outer skin (1) of the entire wing surface, and the required bending rigidity is obtained using the abdominal reinforcement portion (4a) and the back reinforcement portion (4b).
- positions UD material at the time of manufacture reduces, and it can shorten the time concerning lamination work.
- the UD material is not disposed at the leading edge and the trailing edge, it is possible to solve the problem that the UD material is shifted downward at a location near the blade root and near the cylinder and manufacturing is not easy.
- the increase in weight by using a one-way reinforcement (12: (0 °) N ) for the outer skin (1) of the entire wing surface does not use a reinforcement using a one-way reinforcement at the leading edge and the trailing edge Since the weight reduction due to the above can be suppressed as a whole, it is possible to obtain the required bending rigidity while suppressing the weight increase of the entire wind turbine blade and maintaining the lightness.
- the above-mentioned wind turbine blade further includes rear edge reinforcements (5a, 5b) for reinforcing the rear edge of the wing in the outer skin (1).
- the rear edge reinforcements (5a, 5b) are provided between the first one-way reinforcement (12: (0 °) N ) and the second multiple-direction material (11: ( ⁇ 45 °) m ) And a fourth one-way reinforcement (12: (0 °) Q ).
- the outer skin (1) is between the abdomen reinforcement (4a) and the back reinforcement (4b) on the front edge side, between the abdomen reinforcement (4a) and the rear edge reinforcement (5a), and the back reinforcement (6)
- a first core material (13) is provided between 4b) and the rear edge reinforcement (5b).
- the rear edge reinforcing portion (5a, 5b) is further used to obtain the required bending rigidity, so that it is not necessary to arrange the reinforcing portion using the one-way reinforcing material at the front edge.
- positions UD material at the time of manufacture reduces, and it can shorten the time concerning lamination work.
- the UD material is not disposed at the front edge, the problem that the UD material is shifted downward at a location near the blade root and near the cylinder and the manufacture is not easy can be reduced.
- the increase in weight due to using a one-way reinforcement for the outer skin (1) of the entire wing surface (but less than without the rear edge reinforcement (5a, 5b))
- the weight can be reduced as a whole by reducing the weight by not using the reinforcing portion using the one-way reinforcing material, and therefore, the required increase in rigidity can be obtained while suppressing the weight increase of the entire wind turbine blade and maintaining the lightness. be able to.
- the outer skin (1) is below the second multidirectional material (11: ( ⁇ 45 °) m ) so as to overlap the second multidirectional material (11: ( ⁇ 45 °) m ) It further comprises a fifth one-way reinforcement (12: (0 °) M ) provided on the side.
- bending rigidity can be enhanced because a one-way reinforcing material (12: (0 °) M ) is further added to the skin (1) of the entire wing surface.
- the laminated structure is from the blade root of the blade to the position of the largest cord (S1).
- the largest cord of the wing to the wing tip (S2) has another laminated structure.
- the UD material is not disposed at the leading edge or at the leading edge and trailing edge. It is possible to reduce or eliminate the problem that the UD material is shifted downward at a point near the point where the manufacture is not easy. Thereby, the time taken for the lamination operation can be shortened.
- another laminated structure includes another outer shell (101) having the shape of a wing, another abdominal reinforcement portion (104a) for reinforcing an outer portion of the wing in the other outer skin (101), and the like.
- Another back reinforcement (104b) for reinforcing the wing back in the shell (101), another leading edge reinforcement (103) for reinforcing the wing front edge in the other shell (101), and the like
- And other trailing edge reinforcements (105) to reinforce the trailing edge of the wing in the skin (101).
- the other skin (101) comprises a laminated first plurality of directional materials (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) n ) and a second plurality of directional materials (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) m 2 ).
- Another abdominal reinforcement (104a) is provided between the first plurality of directional members (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) n ) and the second plurality of directional members (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) m )
- a sixth one-way reinforcement (112: (0 °) q ) is provided.
- Another back reinforcement (104b) is provided between the first plurality of directional members (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) n ) and the second plurality of directional members (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) m )
- a seventh one-way reinforcement (112: (0 °) q ) is provided.
- Another leading edge reinforcement (103) is provided between the first plurality of directional members (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) n ) and the second plurality of directional members (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) m ) And an eighth one-way reinforcement (112: (0 °) p ).
- Another rear edge reinforcement is provided between the first plurality of directional members (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) n ) and the second plurality of directional members (111: ( ⁇ 45 °) m ) It comprises nine unidirectional reinforcements (112: (0 °) r ).
- the other skin (101) is between the other abdominal reinforcement (104a) and the other front edge reinforcement (103), the other abdominal reinforcement (104a) and the other rear edge reinforcement (105) Between the other back reinforcement (104b) and the other front edge reinforcement (103), and between the other back reinforcement (104b) and the other back edge reinforcement (105) And the second core material (113).
- one-directional reinforcement is not used for the outer skin (101) of the entire wing surface from the position of the largest cord to the tip of the wing (S2), and the abdominal reinforcement (104a), back reinforcement (104b), and front edge
- the weight of the wind turbine blade can be further reduced as compared with the case where a one-way reinforcing material is laminated on the entire blade surface. be able to.
- the present invention includes a rotor head rotatably attached to a nacelle, and a wind turbine blade attached to the rotor head, wherein the wind turbine rotor is constituted by the rotor head and the wind turbine blade, and a wind turbine rotor using wind power Is rotationally driven, and the rotational driving energy is converted into generated energy. Since the wind turbine blade having the above technical features is used, it is possible to obtain the effects of light weight and high bending rigidity as described above, short manufacturing time, and easy manufacturing.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a wind turbine blade having a reduced manufacturing time and ease of manufacturing, and a wind power generator using the same.
- a wind turbine blade having a reduced manufacturing time and ease of manufacturing while suppressing weight increase, and a wind turbine generator using the same.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a wind turbine blade.
- FIG. 1B is a schematic view specifically showing the laminated structure of FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view specifically showing the 0 ° material and the ⁇ 45 ° material of FIG. 1B.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state of a blade root portion of a wind turbine blade.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a wind turbine blade according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4B is a schematic view specifically showing the laminated structure of FIG. 4A.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a wind turbine blade according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5B is a schematic view specifically showing the laminated structure of FIG. 5A.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a wind turbine blade according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a side view showing the configuration of a wind turbine generator using the wind turbine blade of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a side view showing the configuration of a wind turbine 1 using the wind turbine blade of the present invention.
- the wind turbine generator 1 is mounted on a column 2 standing against the foundation 6, a nacelle 3 installed on the upper end of the column 2, a rotor head 4 rotatably attached to the nacelle 3, and a rotor head 4 And a wind turbine blade 5.
- the rotor head 4 and the wind turbine blades 5 constitute a wind turbine rotor.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a wind turbine blade according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the wind turbine blade 10 includes an outer shell 1 of a basic laminated structure, and an abdominal reinforcing portion 4 a and a back reinforcing portion 4 b of a reinforced laminated structure.
- the abdominal reinforcing portion 4 a and the back reinforcing portion 4 b are respectively provided on an antinode portion and a rear portion of the wind turbine blade 10.
- the unidirectional reinforcing material (also referred to as a UD material or 0 ° material) 12 of fiber reinforced plastic at a position far from the bending center X Structure is effective.
- the UD material 12 is intensively laminated on the ventral and dorsal central (abdominal reinforcement 4 a and back reinforcement 4 b). While being arranged, it is set as the structure which does not need to arrange UD material 12 in a leading edge and a trailing edge. Details will be described below.
- a plurality of layers of a fiber reinforced plastic bias material (also referred to as a ⁇ 45 ° material or a multidirectional material) 11 or the like that constitutes the entire blade surface of the wind turbine blade 10 is used.
- a sandwich structure in which the core material 13 is sandwiched between a plurality of layers of bias materials 11 is used in a portion (the portion excluding the abdominal portion reinforcing portion 4a and the back portion reinforcing portion 4b) of the outer shell 1 where the UD material 12 is not disposed be able to.
- FIG. 4B is a schematic view specifically showing the laminated structure of FIG. 4A.
- the solid line indicates the bias material ( ⁇ 45 ° material) 11
- the broken line indicates the UD material (0 ° material) 12
- the trapezoid indicates the core material 13.
- the outer cover 1 is provided with n layers of ⁇ 45 ° on the outside, N1 layers of 0 ° on the inside, M1 layers of 0 ° on the inside, and m layers of ⁇ 45 ° on the inside.
- n, m, N1, and M1 are natural numbers (an integer of +), and N1 + M1 ⁇ 1, N1 ⁇ 1, and M1 ⁇ 0.
- the following layers are provided in each portion of windmill blade 10, respectively. That is, the abdominal reinforcement portion 4a / the back reinforcement portion 4b is provided with a 0 ° material of the Q1 layer (Q1 is a natural number).
- Q1 ⁇ q (see FIG. 1B) can be satisfied. It is because 0 degree material is used for the outer skin 1 and bending rigidity is raised. The core material 13 of one layer is provided in the other part. The number of layers (Q1) may be different in consideration of the required rigidity between the abdominal reinforcement portion 4a and the back reinforcement portion 4b.
- the 0 ° material (UD material) 12 and the ⁇ 45 ° material (bias material) 11 are the same as the UD material 112 and the bias material 111 described with reference to FIG.
- the laminated state of the abdominal reinforcing portion 4a / the back reinforcing portion 4b is ( ⁇ 45 °) n1 / (0 °) N1 / (0 °) Q1 / (0 °) M1 / ( ⁇ 45) sequentially from the outside °) m .
- the laminated state of the other parts is ( ⁇ 45 °) n / (0 °) N 1 / core material / (0 °) M 1 / ( ⁇ 45 °) m sequentially from the outside.
- ⁇ 45 ° and 0 ° indicate ⁇ 45 ° material and 0 ° material, respectively.
- subscripts n, m, N1, Q1, and M1 indicate the number of layers, respectively.
- the number of UD materials to be laminated on the whole (the number of layers N1) is set to the minimum number that can obtain the bending rigidity necessary for the wing even if no reinforcing UD material is arranged at the leading edge and the trailing edge. This minimum number can be determined by a method such as experiment or simulation. Thus, the increase in weight can be suppressed by minimizing the number of UD materials to be laminated on the whole.
- the unidirectional reinforcing 0 ° material is laminated on the outer skin of the entire wing surface to obtain necessary bending rigidity, and therefore, the UD material is not arranged intensively at the leading edge and the trailing edge. It can be structured. By not arranging the UD material at the front edge and the rear edge, the place for arranging the UD material at the time of manufacture can be reduced compared to the conventional case, and the time required for the laminating operation can be shortened. Further, since the UD material is not disposed at the leading edge and the trailing edge, it is possible to solve the problem that the UD material is shifted downward at a location near the blade root and near the cylinder and manufacturing is not easy.
- the UD material is not arranged intensively at the leading edge and the trailing edge, but the UD material is arranged intensively at the abdomen and the back. This is because, if it is attempted to obtain bending stiffness only by the UD material of the outer shell, the use amount of the UD material increases and the weight becomes extremely large if it is attempted to eliminate the place where the UD material is intensively disposed. That is, in the present embodiment, by using the UD material for the outer skin and disposing the UD material intensively on the abdomen and the back, the amount of the additionally required UD material is suppressed low to maintain the lightness. While obtaining the required bending stiffness.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a wind turbine blade according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the wind turbine blade 10a includes an outer shell 1 of a basic laminated structure, an abdominal reinforcing portion 4a, a back reinforcing portion 4b, and rear edge reinforcing portions 5a and 5b.
- the abdominal portion reinforcing portion 4a, the back portion reinforcing portion 4b, and the rear edge portion reinforcing portions 5a and 5b are respectively provided on an antinode portion, a rear portion and a rear edge portion of the wind turbine blade 10a.
- the fiber-reinforced plastic UD material 12 is concentrated not only on the ventral side (abdominal reinforcing portion 4a) and the dorsal side (back reinforcing portion 4b) but also on the rear edge side (rear edge reinforcing portions 5a and 5b) Differs from the first embodiment in that it is arranged. That is, by laminating the UD material 12 also on the outer skin 1, the ventral and dorsal central portions of the UD material 12 (abdominal reinforcement 4a and back reinforcement 4b), and rear edges (rear edge reinforcements 5a, 5b) And the UD material 12 is not required to be disposed at the front edge.
- the reason why the UD material is inserted not at the front edge but at the rear edge is because a structure in which the UD material 12 is disposed at a position far from the bending center X is effective in reducing the weight while securing the bending rigidity. Details will be described below.
- a plurality of layers of a fiber reinforced plastic bias material (also referred to as a ⁇ 45 ° material or a multidirectional material) 11 or the like that constitutes the entire blade surface of the wind turbine blade 10 is used.
- the core between the plural layers of bias members 11 A sandwich structure sandwiching the material 13 can be used.
- FIG. 5B is a schematic view specifically showing the laminated structure of FIG. 5A.
- the solid line indicates the bias material ( ⁇ 45 ° material) 11
- the broken line indicates the UD material (0 ° material) 12
- the trapezoid indicates the core material 13.
- the outer cover 1 is provided with n layers of ⁇ 45 ° on the outside, N2 layers of 0 ° on the inside, M2 layers of 0 ° on the inside, and m layers of ⁇ 45 ° on the inside. .
- n, m, N2, and M2 are natural numbers, and N2 + M2 ⁇ 1, N2 ⁇ 1, and M2 ⁇ 0.
- the abdominal reinforcement portion 4a / the back reinforcement portion 4b is provided with a Q2 layer 0 ° material (Q2 is a natural number).
- the rear edge portion reinforcing portions 5a and 5b are provided with a 0 ° material of the R layer (R is a natural number).
- R is a natural number
- Q2 ⁇ q see FIG. 1B
- R ⁇ r see FIG. 1B
- M2 ⁇ M1, N2 ⁇ N1, and Q2 ⁇ Q1 can be established. This is because the rear edge reinforcing portions 5a and 5b are provided to increase the bending rigidity.
- the core material 13 of one layer is provided in the other part.
- the number of layers (Q2) may be different in consideration of necessary rigidity between the abdominal reinforcement portion 4a and the back reinforcement portion 4b.
- the number of layers (R) may be different in consideration of required rigidity between the rear edge reinforcing portion 5 a and the rear edge reinforcing portion 5 b.
- the 0 ° material (UD material) 12 and the ⁇ 45 ° material (bias material) 11 are the same as the UD material 112 and the bias material 111 described with reference to FIG.
- the laminated state of the abdominal portion 4a / the back portion 4b is ( ⁇ 45 °) n / (0 °) N2 / (0 °) Q2 / (0 °) M2 / ( ⁇ 45 °) m It has become.
- the laminated state of the rear edge reinforcing portions 5a and 5b is ( ⁇ 45 °) n / (0 °) N2 / (0 °) R / (0 °) M2 / ( ⁇ 45 °) m .
- the laminated state of the other parts is ( ⁇ 45 °) n / (0 °) N 2 / core material / (0 °) M 2 / ( ⁇ 45 °) m .
- ⁇ 45 ° and 0 ° indicate ⁇ 45 ° material and 0 ° material, respectively.
- subscripts n, m, N2, Q2, R and M2 indicate the number of layers, respectively.
- the part of the last edge may be only the outer skin 101 (including the core material 13).
- the number of UD materials to be laminated on the whole (the number of layers N2) is set to the minimum number that can obtain the bending rigidity necessary for the wing even without the UD material at the leading edge. This minimum number can be determined by a method such as experiment or simulation. Thus, the increase in weight can be suppressed by minimizing the number of UD materials to be laminated on the whole.
- a unidirectional reinforcing 0 ° material is laminated on the outer skin of the entire wing surface to obtain necessary bending rigidity, so that the UD material is not arranged intensively at the leading edge. be able to.
- the UD material is not disposed at the front edge, the problem that the UD material is shifted downward at a location near the blade root and near the cylinder and the manufacturing is not easy can be solved.
- the UD material is not arranged intensively at the front edge, but the UD material is arranged intensively at the abdomen, the back and the rear edge. This is because, if it is attempted to obtain bending stiffness only by the UD material of the outer shell, the use amount of the UD material increases and the weight becomes extremely large if it is attempted to eliminate the place where the UD material is intensively disposed. That is, in the present embodiment, by using the UD material for the outer skin and disposing the UD material intensively at the abdomen, back and back edge, the amount of the additionally required UD material can be suppressed to be low, and the weight can be reduced. While maintaining the required flexural rigidity.
- the UD material is disposed intensively at the trailing edge, the UD material used for the outer skin can be reduced. Thereby, the required bending rigidity is obtained while maintaining the lightness while suppressing the required amount of the UD material to a lower level.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure of a wind turbine blade according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the wind turbine blade 10b includes a blade root portion S1 and a main portion S2.
- the same laminated structure is not used for the entire wind turbine blade, but the laminated layers which are different between the blade root portion S1 on the blade root side and the main portion S2 on the blade end side bordering around the position of the maximum cord of the wind turbine blade It differs from the first and second embodiments in that the structure is used. Details will be described below.
- the blade root portion S1 is a portion close to the blade root and the blade shape is close to a cylinder, and the UD material easily shifts downward, so the laminated structure (see FIGS. 4A and 4B) of the first embodiment is used. That is, in the range from the blade root to the vicinity of the maximum cord position, the UD material 12 is laminated on the entire blade surface, and the UD material 12 is not arranged intensively on the leading edge and the trailing edge. As a result, it is possible to solve the problem that the UD material is shifted downward at a location near the blade root and near the cylinder so that manufacturing is not easy. In addition, you may use the laminated structure (FIG. 5A and 5B) of 2nd Embodiment as wing tip part S1.
- the main part S2 uses the laminated structure of the background art (FIGS. 1A and 1B). That is, in the range from the vicinity of the maximum cord position to the wing tip, the UD material 12 is not disposed on the entire wing surface, but the UD material 12 is disposed intensively on the leading edge, trailing edge, abdomen and back. As a result, since the amount of use of the UD material is minimized as compared with the case where the UD material is laminated on the entire wing surface, the weight can be minimized.
- another laminated structure different from the wing root portion S1 (example: FIG. 5A) And FIG. 5B, or FIGS. 4A and 4B) may be used.
- the part of the same structure by wing root part S1 and principal part S2 is formed continuously (integrally).
- the outer and inner bias members 11 and the middle core member 13 of the outer shell 1 of the wing tip portion S1 are continuous with the outer and inner bias members 111 and the middle core member 113 of the outer shell 101 of the main portion S2. Formation).
- the whole wind turbine blade can be integrally formed.
- the wind turbine blades 10, 10a, and 10b according to the first to third embodiments can be used in a wind power generator as a wind turbine blade that is lightweight, has high bending rigidity, has a short manufacturing time, and is easy to manufacture.
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Abstract
Description
外皮101として、外側に±45°材がn層、内側に±45°材がm層、それぞれ設けられている(n、mは自然数)。そして、外皮101のn層の±45°材とm層の±45°材との間に、風車翼100の各部分において、以下の層がそれぞれ設けられている。すなわち、前縁部補強部103、腹部補強部104a/背部補強部104b、及び後縁部補強部105a/105bには、それぞれp層、q層、及びr層の0°材が設けられている(p、q、rは自然数)。この場合、q>>p、rである。その他の部分には、1層のコア材113が設けられている。なお、最後縁の部分は外皮101(コア材113を含む)だけであっても良い。
後縁部補強部105a/105bの積層状態は、(±45°)n/(0°)r/(±45°)mとなっている。その他の部分の積層状態は、(±45°)n/コア材/(±45°)mとなっている。ただし、±45°及び0°は±45°材及び0°材をそれぞれ示す。また、添え字のn、m、p、q、rは層数をそれぞれ示す。
車翼は、垂直軸型風力発電装置に用いられる。この風車翼は、まず、風車翼の表面層となる第1の半割り翼及び第2の半割り翼を、当該風車翼の翼内に所定の空間が形成されるように、所定の繊維材に硬化剤を混合した樹脂材を含浸させて積層形成する。次に、前記翼内で厚み方向を支持する翼内支持層を、所定の繊維材に硬化剤が混合した樹脂材を含浸させて円筒形状弾性部材の円周表面上に積層形成する。そして、前記翼内支持層が前記第1の半割り翼及び前記第2の半割り翼とそれぞれ一体化成形されるように、前記翼内支持層が積層形成された円筒形状弾性部材を、前記翼内で前記翼内支持層が前記第1の半割り翼及び前記第2の半割り翼それぞれに弾性力によって圧着すべく前記翼内の翼長手方向の所定位置に配置して前記第1の半割り翼及び前記第2の半割り翼をカップリングし所定時間放置する。それにより、前記硬化剤の硬化作用によって前記第1の半割り翼と前記第2の半割り翼と前記翼内支持層とが全て一体化成形されている。
本発明では、更に後縁部補強部(5a、5b)を用いて必要な曲げ剛性を得ることにより、前縁に一方向強化材を用いた補強部を配置しなくてもよい構造とすることができる。それにより、従来の場合と比較して製造時にUD材を配置する箇所が減少して、積層作業にかかる時間を短縮できる。また、前縁にUD材を配置しないので、翼根に近く翼形状が円筒に近い箇所においてUD材が下方へずれ製造が容易でないという問題を削減できる。また、翼面全体の外皮(1)に一方向強化材を用いる(ただし、後縁部補強部(5a、5b)を有さない場合に比較して少ない)ことによる重量増加は、前縁に一方向強化材を用いる補強部を用いないことによる重量減少により、全体としては抑制することができるので、風車翼全体の重量増加を抑制して軽量性を維持しつつ、必要な曲げ剛性を得ることができる。
本発明では、翼面全体の外皮(1)に更に一方向強化材(12:(0°)M)を追加するので曲げ剛性を高めることができる。
本発明では、少なくとも翼根から最大コードの位置まで(S1)、上記積層構造を有することで、前縁、または前縁と後縁にUD材を配置しないので、翼根に近く翼形状が円筒に近い箇所においてUD材が下方へずれ製造が容易でないという問題を削減又は解消できる。それにより、積層作業にかかる時間を短縮できる。
本発明では、最大コードの位置から翼先端まで(S2)、翼面全体の外皮(101)に一方向強化材を用いず、腹部補強部(104a)、背部補強部(104b)、前縁部補強部(103)及び後縁部補強部(105)を用いて必要な曲げ剛性を得ることにより、翼面全体に一方向強化材を積層する場合と比較して、風車翼をより軽量化することができる。
本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る風車翼について、添付図面を参照して説明する。図4Aは、本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る風車翼の構造を模式的に示す断面図である。この風車翼10は、基本的な積層構造の外皮1と、補強された積層構造の腹部補強部4a及び背部補強部4bとを備えている。腹部補強部4a及び背部補強部4bは、風車翼10の腹部分及び背部分にそれぞれ設けられている。
その他の部分の積層状態は、外側から順に(±45°)n/(0°)N1/コア材/(0°)M1/(±45°)mとなっている。ただし、±45°及び0°は±45°材及び0°材をそれぞれ示す。また、添え字のn、m、N1、Q1、M1は層数をそれぞれ示す。
本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る風車翼について、添付図面を参照して説明する。図5Aは、本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る風車翼の構造を模式的に示す断面図である。この風車翼10aは、基本的な積層構造の外皮1と、補強された積層構造の腹部補強部4a、背部補強部4b、及び後縁部補強部5a、5bとを備えている。腹部補強部4a、背部補強部4b、及び後縁部補強部5a、5bは、風車翼10aの腹部分、背部分、及び後縁部分にそれぞれ設けられている。
本発明の第3の実施の形態に係る風車翼について、添付図面を参照して説明する。図6は、本発明の第3の実施の形態に係る風車翼の構造を模式的に示す断面図である。この風車翼10bは、翼根部S1と、主要部S2とを備えている。
及び図5B、又は、図4A及び図4B)を用いても良い。
Claims (6)
- 積層構造を有する風車翼であって、
前記積層構造は、
翼の形状を有する外皮と、
前記外皮における前記翼の腹部を補強する腹部補強部と、
前記外皮における前記翼の背部を補強する背部補強部と
を具備し、
前記外皮は、積層された第1の複数方向材と第1の一方向強化材と第2の複数方向材と
を備え、
前記腹部補強部は、前記第1の一方向強化材と前記第2の複数方向材との間に設けられた第2の一方向強化材を備え、
前記背部補強部は、前記第1の一方向強化材と前記第2の複数方向材との間に設けられた第3の一方向強化材を備え、
前記外皮は、前縁側の前記腹部補強部と前記背部補強部との間、及び、後縁側の前記腹部補強部と前記背部補強部との間にそれぞれ第1のコア材を備えることを特徴とする風車翼。 - 請求項1に記載の風車翼において、
前記外皮における前記翼の後縁部を補強する後縁部補強部を更に具備し、
前記後縁部補強部は、前記第1の一方向強化材と前記第2の複数方向材との間に設けられた第4の一方向強化材を備え、
前記外皮は、前記前縁側の前記腹部補強部と前記背部補強部との間、前記腹部補強部と前記後縁部補強部との間、及び前記背部補強部と前記後縁部補強部との間にそれぞれ前記第1のコア材を備えることを特徴とする風車翼。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の風車翼において、
前記外皮は、前記第2の複数方向材と重なるように前記第2の複数方向材の内側に設けられた第5の一方向強化材を更に備えることを特徴とする風車翼。 - 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の風車翼において、
前記積層構造は、前記翼のうちの翼根から最大コードの位置付近までであり、
前記翼のうちの前記最大コードから翼先端までは他の積層構造を有することを特徴とする風車翼。 - 請求項4に記載の風車翼において、
前記他の積層構造は、
前記翼の形状を有する他の外皮と、
前記他の外皮における前記翼の腹部を補強する他の腹部補強部と、
前記他の外皮における前記翼の背部を補強する他の背部補強部と
前記他の外皮における前記翼の前縁部を補強する他の前縁部補強部と、
前記他の外皮における前記翼の後縁部を補強する他の後縁部補強部と
を具備し、
前記他の外皮は、積層された前記第1の複数方向材と前記第2の複数方向材とを備え、
前記他の腹部補強部は、前記第1の複数方向材と前記第2の複数方向材との間に設けられた第6の一方向強化材を備え、
前記他の背部補強部は、前記第1の複数方向材と前記第2の複数方向材との間に設けられた第7の一方向強化材を備え、
前記他の前縁部補強部は、前記第1の複数方向材と前記第2の複数方向材との間に設けられた第8の一方向強化材を備え、
前記他の後縁部補強部は、前記第1の複数方向材と前記第2の複数方向材との間に設けられた第9の一方向強化材を備え、
前記他の外皮は、前記他の腹部補強部と前記他の前縁部補強部との間、前記他の腹部補強部と前記他の後縁部補強部との間、前記他の背部補強部と前記他の前縁部補強部との間、及び前記他の背部補強部と前記他の後縁部補強部との間にそれぞれ第2のコア材を備えることを特徴とする風車翼。 - ナセルに対して回転可能に取り付けられたロータヘッドと、ロータヘッドに取り付けられる風車翼とを備え、ロータヘッドと風車翼とにより、風車ロータが構成され、風力を利用して風車ロータを回転駆動させ、その回転駆動エネルギを発電エネルギに変換してなることを特徴とする風力発電装置。
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CA2738123A CA2738123A1 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-11-22 | Wind turbine blade and wind turbine generator using the same |
BRPI1005395A BRPI1005395A2 (pt) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-11-22 | pá de turbina eólica, e, gerador de turbina eólica |
AU2010294625A AU2010294625A1 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-11-22 | Wind turbine blade and wind turbine generator using the same |
MX2011004693A MX2011004693A (es) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-11-22 | Aspa de turbina de viento y generador de turbina de viento que utiliza la misma. |
CN201080003326.XA CN102227557B (zh) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-11-22 | 风车翼及使用该风车翼的风力发电装置 |
EP10825826A EP2385249A4 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2010-11-22 | WINDRADE BUCKET AND WIND-DRIVEN POWER GENERATING DEVICE THEREWITH |
US13/027,690 US8172542B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2011-02-15 | Wind turbine blade and wind turbine generator using the same |
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2010
- 2010-11-22 KR KR1020117011574A patent/KR20110100192A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-11-22 WO PCT/JP2010/070797 patent/WO2011077881A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-11-22 BR BRPI1005395A patent/BRPI1005395A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-11-22 EP EP10825826A patent/EP2385249A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-11-22 MX MX2011004693A patent/MX2011004693A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-11-22 CN CN201080003326.XA patent/CN102227557B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-02-15 US US13/027,690 patent/US8172542B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0666244A (ja) | 1992-08-21 | 1994-03-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 風車翼 |
JP3930200B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-06 | 2007-06-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 風力発電翼の製造方法 |
JP2004535527A (ja) * | 2001-07-19 | 2004-11-25 | エンエーゲー ミコン アクティーゼルスカブ | 風力タービン用ブレード |
JP2006118434A (ja) | 2004-10-21 | 2006-05-11 | Nippon Koki Kogyo Kk | 軽量風車翼の製造方法 |
JP2007255366A (ja) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-10-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 風車翼 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX2011004693A (es) | 2011-07-27 |
CN102227557A (zh) | 2011-10-26 |
EP2385249A4 (en) | 2012-09-26 |
BRPI1005395A2 (pt) | 2016-03-08 |
KR20110100192A (ko) | 2011-09-09 |
JP2011132824A (ja) | 2011-07-07 |
US20110182742A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
CN102227557B (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
JP5308323B2 (ja) | 2013-10-09 |
EP2385249A1 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
US8172542B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 |
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