WO2011063694A1 - 一种可分层音频编码、解码方法及系统 - Google Patents
一种可分层音频编码、解码方法及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M7/00—Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
- H03M7/30—Compression; Expansion; Suppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
- H03M7/3082—Vector coding
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- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/002—Dynamic bit allocation
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- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
- G10L19/0204—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders using subband decomposition
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- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
- G10L19/16—Vocoder architecture
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- G10L19/24—Variable rate codecs, e.g. for generating different qualities using a scalable representation such as hierarchical encoding or layered encoding
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- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
- G10L19/0212—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders using orthogonal transformation
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- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
- G10L19/028—Noise substitution, i.e. substituting non-tonal spectral components by noisy source
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- G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
- G10L19/032—Quantisation or dequantisation of spectral components
- G10L19/038—Vector quantisation, e.g. TwinVQ audio
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a layered audio encoding and decoding method and system.
- the present invention provides a layerable audio coding method, the method comprising:
- the number of bit allocations is the number of bits to which a single frequency domain coefficient in an encoded subband is allocated.
- the step of transmitting the number of bits satisfying the code rate requirement to the decoding end includes:
- the edge information bits of the extension layer are first written into the MUX, and then the amplitude envelope code bits of the extension layer frequency domain coefficient coding subband are written into the MUX, and then the extension layer encodes the signal. Coded bits are written to the MUX;
- the invention also provides a layerable audio decoding method, the method comprising:
- the decoding end intercepts different bit numbers for decoding, and can reach a decoding rate of 36 kbps, 40 kbps, 48 kbps, 56 kbps or 64 kbps.
- the code rate sent from the encoding end to the decoding end is 96 kbps, the number of different bits is intercepted at the decoding end.
- Decoding can be performed to a decoding rate of 80 kbps or 96 kbps.
- the residual signal amplitude envelope generating unit is configured to obtain, according to the amplitude envelope quantization index of each coding subband of the core layer and the bit allocation number of the corresponding coding subband, to obtain the amplitude packet of each coding subband of the residual signal.
- the enhancement layer coded signal generating unit further includes a residual signal generating unit and an extended layer coded signal synthesizing unit;
- the present invention also provides a layered audio decoding system, the system comprising: a bit stream demultiplexer, a core layer amplitude envelope decoding unit, a core layer bit allocation unit, a core layer decoding and an inverse quantization unit;
- the method includes: an extended layer amplitude envelope decoding unit, a core layer residual signal amplitude envelope generating unit, an extended layer bit allocation unit, an extended layer encoded signal decoding and inverse quantization unit, a frequency domain coefficient generating unit, a noise filling unit, and a correction Discrete cosine inverse transform IMDCT unit;
- the core layer residual signal amplitude envelope generating unit is configured to calculate the amplitude of each coding subband of the residual signal according to the amplitude envelope quantization index of each coding subband of the core layer and the bit allocation number of the corresponding coding subband Value envelope quantization index;
- the IMDCT unit is configured to perform IMDCT on the entire frequency domain coefficients after noise filling to obtain an output audio signal.
- the method includes:
- Step 101 Perform MDCT (Modified Discrete Cosine Transform) on the audio stream with a frame length of 20 ms and a sampling rate of 32 kHz to obtain frequency domain coefficients on the N frequency domain samples.
- MDCT Modified Discrete Cosine Transform
- the quantized amplitude envelope reconstructed from the quantized exponent is 2 ⁇ ⁇ /2 .
- the amplitude envelope quantization index of the first coded subband is encoded using 6 bits, ie 6 bits are consumed.
- Step 104 Calculate an initial value of the importance of each coded subband of the core layer according to the code rate distortion theory and the coded subband amplitude envelope information, and perform bit allocation of the core layer according to the importance of each coded subband.
- This step can be implemented using the following substeps:
- the number of bits available core for core layer coding is extracted from the total number of bits available in the 20 ms frame length, and the bit number of the core layer side information core and the core layer coded subband amplitude envelope quantization are subtracted.
- the number of bits consumed by the index, the bit Th-core obtains the remaining number of bits that can be used for encoding the kernel layer frequency domain coefficients - left-core, that is:
- Re is the number of subbands encoded by the core layer.
- the optimal bit value under the condition of the maximum quantization signal-to-noise ratio gain of each coding sub-band under the code rate distortion limit can be calculated:
- N(L, K) N(L -l,K) + N(L -1, ⁇ -1) + N(L, K- ⁇ ) (L ⁇ K ⁇ )
- Step 108a Perform the following energy normalization on the mth to-be quantized vector 1 normalized to the coded subband according to the number of bits regzow-bz() allocated by the single frequency domain coefficient in the coding subband:
- Index vector k otherwise continue to add a small multiplier value W to the vector, and then quantize to /3 ⁇ 4 grid points until the zero vector is unconditionally satisfied; finally, according to the index vector calculation formula, the /3 ⁇ 4 grid point of the nearest zero vector condition is obtained.
- Step 109c When the number of bits to which the single frequency domain coefficient of the coded subband is allocated is 1, if the quantization index is less than 127, the quantization index is encoded by using 7 bits, and the 7 bits are divided into 1 group of 3 bits and 1 Group 4 bits, Huffman coding is performed on two groups respectively; if the quantization index is equal to 127, its natural binary code value is "1111 1110", and the first 7 1s are divided into 1 group of 3 bits and 1 group of 4 bits, respectively Huffman coding is performed on two groups; if the quantization index is equal to 128, its natural binary code value is "1111 1111", and the first 7 1s are divided into 1 group of 3 bits and 1 group of 4 bits, respectively. Fuman coding.
- Plvq_codebook(/, ⁇ ) plvq_code(tmp+ 1 );
- Bit used hufFall bit used hufFall + plvq_bit count(tmp+ 1 );
- plvq_count(,A:), and plvq_codebook(,:) are the Huffman bit consumption number and codeword of the _/subband first: 8-dimensional vector; plvq_bit_count_ rl-4 and plvq_code- rl-4 Find according to Table 6.
- Step 109k Determine whether the bit allocation correction iteration count count is less than or equal to Maxcount, and if yes, jump to step 109f, otherwise the bit allocation correction process ends.
- the core layer frequency domain coefficient vector quantization and coding unit is configured to normalize the frequency domain coefficients in the coded subband by using the quantized amplitude envelope values of the coded subbands, and then to the frequency domain that needs to be coded.
- the coefficients are vector quantized and encoded to generate vector quantized values and coded bits of the frequency domain coefficients;
- the extended layer coded signal generating unit is configured to inverse quantize the vector quantized frequency domain coefficients and output the core layer band with the MDCT unit The difference between the frequency domain coefficients within the range is calculated to obtain the core layer residual signal.
- the core layer residual signal and the frequency domain coefficients above the core layer range output by the MDCT unit constitute an extended layer coded signal;
- Y 1 ⁇ + ⁇ ) ⁇ scale ⁇ index)
- a (2- 6 , 2- 6 , 2- 6 , 2- 6 , 2- 6 , 2- 6 , 2- 6 , 2- 6 , 2- 6 ) , scale ⁇ index) is the scaling factor, which can be found in Table 2.
- X m 2 where 73 ⁇ 4(/) is the amplitude envelope quantization index of the jth coded subband.
- Step 408 The extended layer coded signal is composed of a core layer residual signal and an extended layer frequency domain coefficient, and an initial value of each coded subband importance is calculated according to the amplitude envelope quantization index of each coded subband of the extended layer, and each The importance of the coding subband is allocated to each coding subband of the extension layer to obtain the bit allocation number of each coding subband of the extension layer; the calculation of the initial value of the coding subband of the decoding end and the bit allocation method and the coding subband of the coding end The calculation method of the importance initial value is the same as the bit allocation method.
- the coded bits of the coded signal are decoded and inverse quantized by using the bit allocation number of the extended layer, and the inverse quantized data is inverse-normalized by using the quantized amplitude envelope value of each coded sub-band of the extended layer to obtain an extended layer. Coded signal.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an enhanced layered audio decoding system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the system includes: a bit stream demultiplexer (DeMUX) 501, and a core layer amplitude envelope decoding unit. 502.
- the core layer amplitude envelope decoding unit is configured to perform Huffman decoding or direct decoding on the core layer amplitude envelope coded bits output by the bit stream demultiplexer according to the Flag_huff_rms value in the side information, to obtain a core.
- the amplitude envelope quantization index ThqG) of each coding sub-band of the layer, J 0, ..., L_core-1;
- the IMDCT unit is set to perform IMDCT on the noise-filled frequency domain coefficients to obtain the final audio output signal.
- Step 603 Quantize and encode the amplitude envelope values of the coded subbands to obtain the amplitude envelope quantization index of each coded subband and the coded bits of the amplitude envelope, and the coded bits of the amplitude envelope need to be transmitted to MUX.
- Step 103 Quantize and encode the amplitude envelope values of the coded subbands to obtain the amplitude envelope quantization index of each coded subband and the coded bits of the amplitude envelope, and the coded bits of the amplitude envelope need to be transmitted to MUX.
- Step 606 Perform inverse quantization on the frequency domain coefficient of the core layer subjected to the vector quantization, and perform a difference calculation with the original frequency domain coefficient obtained by the MDCT to obtain a residual signal of the core layer, which is recorded as a residual signal 1 and is disabled.
- the difference signal 1 and the frequency domain coefficients of the enhancement layer 1 constitute the coded signal of the enhancement layer 1; likewise, the difference between the coded signal of the extension layer k-1 and the inverse quantized value of the coded signal of the vector layer 2 of the vector layer is calculated.
- the residual signal of the enhancement layer k-1 is obtained as a residual signal k
- the coded signal of the enhancement layer k is composed of the residual signal k and the frequency domain coefficients of the enhancement layer k.
- Step 608 Perform bit allocation on each coding sub-band in each extension layer (that is, perform bit allocation on each coding sub-band of each extension layer coded signal).
- each coded subband calculates the initial value of each coded subband importance in each extension layer according to the calculated amplitude envelope quantization index of the enhancement layer coded signal, and using the same bit allocation scheme as the core layer, and encoding each code
- the subband performs bit allocation; in this example, the total code rate of the audio stream is 96 kbps, the code rate of the core layer is 32 kbps, the maximum code rate of the extension layer 1 is 64 kbps, and the maximum code rate of the extension layer 2 is 96 kbps.
- the number of coded bits that each extension layer can provide is calculated separately, and then bit allocation is performed until the bits are completely consumed.
- the bit allocation method of each extension layer is the same as the bit allocation method of the core layer.
- the writing order of the coded bits of the coded signal is to write the coded bits of each extended layer into the code stream according to the order of the extended layer from low to high; that is, the side information and the frequency domain coefficient of the k-1th extended layer are written first.
- the sub-band amplitude envelope coded bits and the coded signal coded bits are encoded, and then the side information of the kth extension layer, the frequency domain coefficient coded sub-band amplitude envelope coded bits, and the coded signal coded bits are written.
- the order in which the coded bits of the coded signal are written is ordered according to the initial importance of each subband; that is, the coded coded bits of the subband with the initial importance are preferentially written into the code stream.
- Step 611 Construct a code rate layer according to the size of the code rate.
- the -5 layer and the L 2 - 2 layer can be further divided into L 2 - 1 layers according to the number of rounded bits, corresponding to 80 kbps and L 2 - 2 layers, corresponding to 96 kbps.
- the MDCT unit is configured to perform MDCT on the input audio stream to generate a frequency domain coefficient;
- the amplitude envelope calculation unit is configured to perform subband division on the frequency domain coefficients output by the MDCT unit, and calculate a frequency domain packet of each coded subband
- the amplitude value envelope quantization and coding unit is configured to quantize and encode the amplitude envelope values of the coded sub-bands output by the amplitude envelope calculation unit to generate an amplitude envelope quantization index of each coded sub-band And the encoded bits of the amplitude envelope;
- the extended layer coded signal generating unit 1 is configured to inverse quantize the frequency domain coefficient vector quantization and the vector quantized frequency domain coefficients output by the coding unit, And performing a difference calculation with the frequency domain coefficient outputted by the MDCT unit to obtain a core layer residual signal (recorded as residual signal 1), and the coded signal of the extension layer 1 is composed of the residual signal 1 and the frequency domain coefficient of the enhancement layer 1 (remember For encoding signals 1);
- the extension layer coded signal generating unit i+1 is arranged to inverse quantize the coded signal vector quantized by the coding layer vector of the extension layer i and the vector quantized coded signal i output from the coding unit i, and output it to the enhancement layer coded signal generation unit i
- the coded signal i that has not undergone vector quantization is subjected to difference calculation to obtain a residual signal of the enhancement layer i (denoted as residual signal i+1), which is composed of the residual signal i+1 and the frequency domain coefficients of the enhancement layer i+1.
- the side information is first decoded, and then the amplitude-encoded bits in the frame are Huffman-decoded or directly decoded according to the value of Flag_huff-rms, and the coded sub-bands of the core layer are obtained.
- the magnitude envelope quantization index ThqG), j 0, ... - core - 1.
- Step 802 Calculate an initial value of each coding subband of the core layer according to the amplitude envelope quantization index of each coding subband of the core layer, and perform bit allocation on each coding subband of the core layer by using the importance of the subband, to obtain a core layer.
- the bit allocation method at the decoding end is exactly the same as the bit allocation method at the encoding end. In the bit allocation process, the bit allocation step size and the step size of the coding subband reduction after the bit allocation are varied.
- the number of times of correction and the importance of each coded subband are adjusted according to the bit allocation of the core layer of the coding end, and the coding subband is further subjected to co ⁇ bit allocation, and then the whole process of bit allocation ends.
- the step size of the coded subband allocation bit with the bit allocation number of 0 is 1 bit
- the step size of the importance reduction after the bit allocation is 1, and the bit allocation number is greater than 0 and less than a certain threshold.
- the bit allocation step size is 0.5 bits
- the step size of the importance reduction after the bit allocation is also 0.5
- the bit when the bit allocation number is greater than or equal to the wide value of the coded subband is additionally allocated bits.
- the allocation step size is 1, and the step size of the importance reduction after the bit allocation is also 1;
- Step 803 Using the bit allocation number of the core layer and the quantization amplitude envelope value (2 3 ⁇ 4 0)/2 of each coding subband, and decoding the coded bits of the core layer frequency domain coefficients according to Flag_huff_PL VQ , inverse quantization and denormalization processing, to obtain the core layer frequency domain coefficients.
- the residual signal coding subband amplitude envelope quantization index in the high extension layer is calculated by using the low spreading layer coded signal coding subband amplitude envelope quantization index and the low spreading layer bit allocation number, that is, the extended layer i
- the residual signal subband envelope quantization index of -1 is calculated by the coded signal encoding subband amplitude envelope quantization index of the enhancement layer i-1 and the corresponding correction value.
- the residual signal of the spreading layer i-1 and the frequency domain coefficients of the spreading layer i constitute an encoded signal of the spreading layer i.
- Step 805 Calculate an initial value of the importance of each coded subband according to an amplitude envelope quantization index of each coded subband coded signal of each extension layer, and code each subband of the extension layer according to the importance of each coded subband.
- the bit allocation is performed to obtain the bit allocation number of the extension layer; the calculation of the initial value of the coding subband importance at the decoding end and the bit allocation method are the same as the calculation method and the bit allocation method of the initial value of each coding subband importance at the encoding end.
- the decoding sequence of each extended layer coded signal is from a low extension layer to a high extension layer, and the order in which the coded subband coded signals are decoded in the same extension layer is determined according to an initial value of each coded subband importance. . If two coded subbands have the same importance, the low frequency coded subband is preferentially decoded, while the number of decoded bits is calculated, and decoding is stopped when the number of decoded bits satisfies the total number of bits required.
- Step 808 Perform noise filling on the subbands to which the coded bits are not allocated during the encoding process.
- Step 809 Perform IMDCT on the frequency-filled frequency domain coefficient to obtain a final audio output signal.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an extended layered audio decoding system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the system includes: a bit stream demultiplexer (DeMUX) 901, an amplitude envelope decoding unit 902, Core layer bit allocation unit 903, core layer decoding and inverse quantization unit 904, residual signal amplitude envelope generation unit, extension layer bit allocation unit, coded signal decoding and inverse quantization unit, frequency
- the residual signal amplitude envelope generation unit is further divided into: residual signal amplitude envelope generation unit 1 to residual signal amplitude envelope generation Unit K; further dividing the extended layer bit allocation unit into: an extended layer bit allocation unit 1 to an extended layer bit allocation unit K; further dividing the encoded signal decoding and inverse quantization unit into: an encoded signal decoding and inverse quantization unit 1 to an encoded signal Decoding and inverse quantization unit ⁇ .
- the amplitude envelope decoding unit is configured to perform Huffman decoding or direct decoding on the amplitude envelope coded bits output by the bit stream demultiplexer according to the Flag_huff_rms value in the side information, to obtain the core layer coders.
- Band amplitude envelope quantization index ThqG), j 0, ..., L-core - 1;
- the core layer bit allocation unit is configured to calculate an initial value of the importance of each coding subband of the core layer according to the amplitude envelope quantization index of each coding subband of the core layer output by the amplitude envelope decoding unit, and use the subband importance pair
- the residual signal amplitude envelope generating unit i+1 is configured to calculate the residual subband residuals of the extended layer i by using the amplitude envelope quantization index of each coded subband in the extended layer i and the bit allocation number of the extended layer i
- the frequency domain coefficient generating unit is configured to add the core layer frequency domain coefficients output by the core layer decoding and inverse quantization unit and the extended layer coded signals output by the coded signal decoding and inverse quantization unit to obtain a frequency domain coefficient output value;
- the noise filling unit is configured to perform noise filling on the subbands of the frequency domain coefficient output values output by the frequency domain coefficient generating unit that are not allocated coded bits;
- the layered audio coding and decoding method and system provided by the present invention use the same subband division and bit allocation method in the core layer and the extension layer, and calculate the extension layer amplitude according to the core layer amplitude envelope information.
- the envelope information, in the core layer and the extension layer bit allocation fully considers the distribution characteristics of the signal itself, so that the core layer and the extension layer are closely connected, and the residual signal amplitude envelope information is not included in the extended layer code stream. , improve the efficiency of layered audio codec, and also improve the code utilization.
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BR112012012573-7A BR112012012573B1 (pt) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-10-26 | Método e sistema de codificação, decodificação hierárquicas de áudio |
JP2012535611A JP5192099B2 (ja) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-10-26 | 階層的オーディオ符号化、復号化方法及びシステム |
RU2012119783/08A RU2509380C2 (ru) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-10-26 | Способ и устройство иерархического кодирования, декодирования аудио |
EP10832601.8A EP2482052B1 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-10-26 | Hierarchical audio coding / decoding method and system |
US13/505,064 US8694325B2 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-10-26 | Hierarchical audio coding, decoding method and system |
HK12111842.3A HK1171079A1 (zh) | 2009-11-27 | 2012-11-20 | 種可分層音頻編碼/解碼方法及系統 |
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Cited By (7)
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CN102081927B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
HK1171079A1 (zh) | 2013-03-15 |
EP2482052A4 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
JP2013511054A (ja) | 2013-03-28 |
BR112012012573B1 (pt) | 2021-10-19 |
RU2509380C2 (ru) | 2014-03-10 |
BR112012012573A2 (pt) | 2020-12-01 |
US8694325B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 |
RU2012119783A (ru) | 2014-01-10 |
EP2482052A1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
US20120226505A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
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CN102081927A (zh) | 2011-06-01 |
EP2482052B1 (en) | 2014-07-16 |
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