WO2011060706A1 - 一种功率放大电路实现方法及功率放大装置 - Google Patents

一种功率放大电路实现方法及功率放大装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011060706A1
WO2011060706A1 PCT/CN2010/078779 CN2010078779W WO2011060706A1 WO 2011060706 A1 WO2011060706 A1 WO 2011060706A1 CN 2010078779 W CN2010078779 W CN 2010078779W WO 2011060706 A1 WO2011060706 A1 WO 2011060706A1
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Prior art keywords
input signal
level
power
auxiliary
amplifier
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PCT/CN2010/078779
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李德玺
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011060706A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011060706A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0288—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers using a main and one or several auxiliary peaking amplifiers whereby the load is connected to the main amplifier using an impedance inverter, e.g. Doherty amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
    • H03F3/19—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and more particularly to a power amplification circuit implementation method and a power amplification device suitable for use in a radio frequency and a microwave frequency band.
  • the efficiency of signal transmission has received more and more attention.
  • Most of the power consumption of the communication system comes from the power amplifier.
  • the efficiency of the power amplifier directly affects the efficiency and power consumption of the entire system. Therefore, improving the efficiency of the power amplifier becomes a key issue for improving the signal transmission efficiency of the communication system.
  • the system signal has a peak-to-average ratio. Therefore, the power back-off is generally used to ensure the linear output of the signal, whether it is working in the B-class or C-class state, and the power in the single-tube scheme. Rollback is necessarily accompanied by a decrease in efficiency.
  • a typical power amplification circuit is shown in Figure 1, which includes a main amplification path and an auxiliary amplification path.
  • the main amplification path includes: a main amplifier 100, a matching network 101, a phase shift network 102, and a phase shift network 103.
  • the auxiliary amplification path includes a phase shift network 104, an auxiliary amplifier 105, a matching network 106, and a phase shift network 107.
  • the power amplifying circuit further includes a phase shifting network 108 connected to both the main amplifying path and the auxiliary amplifying path.
  • the signal passes through the amplifying circuit, it will be divided into two paths, one enters the main amplification path, is amplified by the main amplifier 100, and all enters the auxiliary amplification path to be amplified by the auxiliary amplifier 105.
  • the main amplifier 100 is made.
  • the auxiliary amplifier works in Class C. Since the bias voltage of the Class C operating state is relatively low, it is not always in a conducting state, but is turned on when the input signal is sufficiently large. Therefore, when the input signal is large, the main amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path operate simultaneously, realizing normal power amplification of the input signal.
  • the auxiliary amplifier of the auxiliary amplification path When the input signal is relatively small, the auxiliary amplifier of the auxiliary amplification path is in a non-conducting state, and only the main amplification path operates. At this time, the load variation of the carrier amplifier can be induced, and the load of the main amplifier 100 is realized by the open circuit of the auxiliary amplification path.
  • phase shift networks 102, 104, 107 are phase shift networks implemented using microstrip lines;
  • phase shift network 103 is a phase shift network with ⁇ /4 line impedance of Zload, which serves to load the signal output.
  • the impedance is changed from Zload to 2*Zload;
  • the phase shift network 108 is a phase shift network with ⁇ /4 line impedance of V ⁇ Zfo / 2 , which is used to change the load impedance of the signal output from Zload to l/2*Zload;
  • the function of the shift network 102 is to assist the matching network 101 to tune the load impedance from Z0 to 2*Z0.
  • the phase shifting network 107 is added to enable the auxiliary amplifier 105 to be in an ideal open state when no signal is passed;
  • the phase shifting networks 102, 103 are both for adjusting the load impedance of the main amplification path, and the phase shifting networks 104, 107 are for adjustment.
  • the load impedance of the auxiliary amplification path is used to adjust the load impedance of the signal amplified by the main amplification path or amplified by the main amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path.
  • phase-shifting network Due to the complexity of the phase-shifting network, it is difficult to adjust the phase of the upper and lower channels in practice, so some improvements have also appeared.
  • a power amplifier circuit as shown in Fig. 2 is disclosed in the patent application No. CN200610058164.
  • the main amplification path includes: a main amplifier 200, a matching network 201, a phase shift network 202, and a phase shift network 203.
  • the auxiliary amplification path includes: a phase adjustment unit 204, an amplitude adjustment unit 205, a phase shift network 206, an auxiliary amplifier 207, Matching network 208, phase shifting network 209, detection circuit 210.
  • the power amplifying circuit further includes a phase shift network 211 connected to both the main amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path.
  • the input signal is detected by the detection circuit 210, and then the phase adjustment unit 204 and the amplitude adjustment unit 205 are used to assist the auxiliary amplifier according to the pre-stated phase and amplitude difference between the main amplifier and the auxiliary amplifier at the same input signal level.
  • the phase and amplitude of the road are adjusted to achieve effective and timely adjustment.
  • the characteristics of each power amplifier tube (amplifier) are not consistent. It is very unrealistic to separately calculate the power amplifier tubes for each characteristic. The use of the statistical results of one power amplifier tube for other power amplifier tubes will also result in no adjustment effect. good.
  • the main amplification path includes: a main amplifier 300, a matching network 301, a phase shift network 302, and a phase shift network 303.
  • the auxiliary amplification path includes: a phase shift network 304, an auxiliary amplifier 305, a matching network 306, a phase shift network 307, and detection.
  • the power amplifying circuit further includes a phase shift network 311 connected to both the main amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path.
  • the level of the input signal is detected by the detecting circuit 308, and the bias voltage of the power amplifier tube is controlled by the digital control circuit 309 according to the level of the level, and then the bias voltage is adjusted and changed by the bias network 310, thereby the power amplifier tube Adjusted to the appropriate working state to balance linearity and efficiency, but it is still adjusted by adjusting the paranoid voltage to achieve the working state adjustment, the effect is not very satisfactory.
  • both the direct adjustment of the bias voltages of the main amplifier (carrier amplifier) and the auxiliary amplifier (peak amplifier) of FIG. 1 enable the two amplifiers to operate in different operating states:
  • the peak amplifier In the non-conducting state, the carrier amplifier outputs power separately, thereby inducing a load change of the carrier amplifier and improving the efficiency of the carrier amplifier at this time.
  • the post-detection control paranoid voltage of Fig. 3 which is to control the on/off of the auxiliary amplification path by changing the paranoid voltage to improve the efficiency.
  • the adjustment of the paranoid voltage will inevitably affect the amplification effect and transmission efficiency of the entire amplifying circuit.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for implementing a power amplifying circuit and a power amplifying device for solving the problem that the power amplifier circuit must be controlled by a bias voltage in the prior art, resulting in an unsatisfactory signal amplification effect and a transmission efficiency that is not easily guaranteed.
  • a power amplifying device includes a parallel main amplifying path and an auxiliary amplifying path, the device is configured to: power amplify the input signal;
  • the auxiliary amplifying path comprises: a circuit control module and an auxiliary amplifying module;
  • the circuit control module is configured to: detect a level of the auxiliary amplification channel input signal, and generate a control for controlling the input power of the auxiliary amplification channel according to the level of the input signal The level is controlled by the control level to operate at a corresponding input power; the auxiliary amplification module is configured to: power amplify the input signal.
  • the circuit control module includes:
  • a detecting unit configured to: detect a level of the auxiliary amplifying path input signal; and a control unit configured to: generate a control level for controlling an input power of the auxiliary amplifying path according to a level of the input signal ; as well as
  • a switching unit is configured to: control the auxiliary amplification path to operate at a corresponding input power by the control level.
  • the detecting unit is a power detecting circuit, and the detecting unit is configured to: acquire a level of the input signal by detecting power of the input signal;
  • the control unit includes:
  • the controllable attenuator is configured to: attenuate and adjust the level of the input signal detected by the power detecting circuit, and then transmit the signal to the driver amplifier;
  • a driving amplifier configured to: generate the control level according to an attenuation-adjusted input signal level
  • the switch unit is a controllable switch circuit, and is configured to: adjust an operating state under the control of the control level to implement control of the auxiliary amplification channel input power.
  • the controllable switching circuit selects one of the following components: an RF switch, a small signal amplifier or a driver stage amplifier.
  • the detecting unit is a digital power detecting circuit, configured to: obtain a level value of the input signal by detecting power of the input signal, and determine an attenuation value of a level of the input signal detected by the power detecting circuit, to Sending the form of the digital signal to the control unit;
  • the control unit includes:
  • controllable attenuator configured to: adjust a level value of the input signal according to the attenuation value, and transmit the value to the digital-to-analog converter DAC;
  • a digital-to-analog converter DAC configured to: convert the adjusted level value of the input signal into a control level in the form of an analog signal;
  • the switch unit is a controllable attenuation link, and is configured to: adjust an attenuation state under the control of the control level to implement control of an input power of the auxiliary amplification path.
  • the main amplification path includes a main amplifier, a first matching network, and a first phase shift network; the first matching network is configured to: perform load impedance matching on an input signal of the main amplifier;
  • the first phase shifting network is configured to: phase adjust an input signal of the main amplifier.
  • the auxiliary amplification module includes an auxiliary amplifier, a second matching network, and a second phase shift network; the second matching network is configured to: perform load impedance matching on an input signal of the auxiliary amplifier;
  • the second phase shifting network is configured to perform phase adjustment on an input signal of the auxiliary amplifier.
  • a method for realizing a power amplifying circuit, wherein a main amplification path power-amplifies an input signal including:
  • the input signal is used for power amplification.
  • Detecting an input signal level of the auxiliary amplification path by a power detecting circuit; generating a control level for controlling an input power of the auxiliary amplification path according to the detected level of the input signal The steps include:
  • the step of generating a control level for controlling the input power of the auxiliary amplification path according to the detected level of the input signal includes:
  • the adjusted level value of the digital signal form is converted to a control level in the form of an analog signal by a digital to analog converter DAC.
  • the step of controlling, by the control level, the auxiliary amplification channel to perform power amplification on the input signal at a corresponding input power comprises:
  • Controlling an operating state of the switching circuit provided in the auxiliary amplifying path or an attenuating state of the controllable attenuation link by the control level enables the auxiliary amplifying path to operate at a corresponding input power.
  • the method further includes: performing load impedance matching on an input signal of a main amplifier in the main amplification path through the first matching network;
  • the input signal of the auxiliary amplifier in the auxiliary amplification path is phase-adjusted by a second phase shifting network.
  • the power amplifying circuit implementing method and the power amplifying device provided by the embodiment of the present invention generate a control power for controlling the input power of the auxiliary amplifying path according to the level of the input signal by detecting the level of the input signal of the auxiliary amplifying path.
  • the auxiliary amplification path is controlled to operate at a corresponding input power by a control level.
  • Real-time detection of the auxiliary amplification path realizes real-time adjustment and control of the conduction state of the auxiliary amplification path according to the change of the input signal, and controls the conduction state of the auxiliary amplification path through the peripheral circuit, without considering the bias voltage Under the same conditions as the traditional method of setting the bias voltage to control the power amplifier circuit to improve the output efficiency Purpose, and get better, higher transmission efficiency. Therefore, the inconsistency of different amplifiers and the low transmission efficiency of the power amplifying circuit under the same bias voltage caused by setting the bias voltage are avoided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical Doherty circuit in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power amplifying circuit for phase amplitude adjustment in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power amplifying circuit for adjusting a bias voltage in real time in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a power amplifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a power amplifying circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifying device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifying device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic structural diagram of a power amplifying device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifying device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Preferred embodiment of the invention
  • the power amplifying device adds a controllable switch circuit to the auxiliary amplifying path, and controls the input power of the auxiliary amplifying path to control the working state of the auxiliary amplifying path through the controllable switching circuit, and the structure thereof is as shown in FIG. 4
  • the main amplification path 10 and the auxiliary amplification path 20 are shown in parallel, and the two amplification paths are parallel for power amplification of the input signal.
  • the auxiliary amplification circuit 20 includes: a circuit control module 21 and an auxiliary amplification module 22.
  • the main amplification path 10 and the auxiliary amplification path 20 are for power amplification of the input signal.
  • the circuit control module 21 is configured to detect a level of the input signal of the auxiliary amplification channel 20, and generate a control level for controlling the input power of the auxiliary amplification channel 20 according to the level of the input signal, and control the auxiliary amplification by the control level.
  • Path 20 operates at a corresponding input power.
  • the auxiliary amplification module 22 is configured to perform power amplification on the input signal of the auxiliary amplification channel 20.
  • the circuit control module 21 may specifically include: a detecting unit 23, a control unit 24, and a switching unit 25.
  • the functions implemented by each unit are as follows:
  • the detecting unit 23 is configured to detect the level of the input signal of the auxiliary amplifying path 20.
  • the control unit 24 is configured to generate a control level for controlling the input power of the auxiliary amplification path 20 according to the level of the input signal.
  • the switch unit 25 is configured to control the auxiliary amplification path 20 to operate at a corresponding input power by the control level determined above.
  • the power amplifying circuit for realizing transmission signal power amplification is implemented by the above-mentioned power amplifying device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow is shown in FIG. 5, and the execution steps are as follows:
  • Step S501 detecting the level of the input signal input to the auxiliary amplification channel.
  • the input signal level of the auxiliary amplification path is detected by the power detection circuit, or the input signal power of the auxiliary amplification path is detected by the digital power detection circuit, and the level value of the corresponding digital signal form is obtained according to the power of the input signal.
  • Step S502 Generate a control level for controlling the input power of the auxiliary amplification path according to the detected level of the input signal.
  • control unit After the level of the input signal is detected by the power detecting circuit, the control unit generates a control level, which may specifically: attenuate and adjust the level of the input signal detected by the power detecting circuit by the controllable attenuator, and pass the driving amplifier The control level is generated based on the attenuation-adjusted input signal level.
  • control unit After the level value of the input signal is detected by the digital power detecting circuit, the control unit generates a control level, which may specifically: determine an attenuation value of the level of the input signal detected by the power detecting circuit, according to the controllable attenuator The attenuation value adjusts the level value of the input signal, and transmits it to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and converts the adjusted level value in the form of a digital signal into an analog signal form through a digital-to-analog converter DAC. Control level.
  • DAC digital-to-analog converter
  • Step S503 Control the level of the auxiliary amplification channel to perform power amplification on the input signal at the corresponding input power.
  • the auxiliary amplifier in the auxiliary amplification path operates at the corresponding input power by controlling the level control to control the operating state of the switching circuit provided in the auxiliary amplification path or the attenuation state of the controllable attenuation link.
  • the above method can also be used to match the network and the phase shift network to the main in the main amplification path.
  • the input signal of the auxiliary amplifier in the amplifier and the auxiliary amplification path performs load impedance matching and phase adjustment.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the power amplifying device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention detects the level of the input signal through the power detecting circuit, and controls the input power of the auxiliary amplifying path through the controllable switching circuit, and the specific structure thereof can be as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the main amplification path specifically includes a main amplifier 400, a matching network 401, and phase shift networks 402 and 403.
  • the main amplifier 400 may be a carrier amplifier.
  • the matching network and phase-shifting network are set according to the adjustment requirements, and are not limited to the above-mentioned setting mode, and are used for load impedance matching and phase adjustment of the input signal of the main amplifier.
  • the detecting unit is specifically a power detecting circuit 404 for obtaining the level of the input signal by detecting power of the input signal;
  • the control unit includes a controllable attenuator (controllable attenuation link) 405 and
  • the driving amplifier 406, the controllable attenuator 405, is configured to attenuate and adjust the level of the input signal detected by the power detecting circuit, and then transmit the signal to the driving amplifier 406.
  • the driving amplifier 406 is configured to adjust the input signal level according to the attenuation.
  • the control unit is generated; the switch unit is specifically a controllable switch circuit 407 for adjusting the working state under the control of the control level, and achieving the purpose of controlling the input power of the auxiliary amplification channel.
  • the auxiliary amplification module of the auxiliary amplification path specifically includes a phase shift network 408, an auxiliary amplifier 409, a matching network 410, and a phase shift network 411.
  • the auxiliary amplifier 409 may be a detection peak amplifier; the matching network and the phase shift network are set according to the adjustment requirements, and are not limited to the above setting manner, and the input signals for the auxiliary amplifier are subjected to load impedance matching and phase adjustment.
  • the apparatus further includes a phase shifting network 412 for phase adjustment of the signals output by the primary amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path.
  • the power of the input signal is first detected by the power detecting circuit 404 to obtain a corresponding level value, and then the controllable attenuator 405 attenuates the level of the input signal detected by the power detecting circuit 404 to adapt
  • the voltage requirement of the amplifier 406 is driven, and then the drive amplifier generates a control level according to the adjusted level, and controls the open and closed state of the controllable switch circuit 407 through the control level to control the communication or open circuit of the auxiliary amplification path.
  • the controllable switching circuit in the auxiliary amplification path is controlled to be in an off state by the input power, and when the input signal is small, the main amplifier is smaller than the input signal.
  • the auxiliary amplifier is open, and the auxiliary amplification path is in a non-conducting state.
  • the addition of the phase shifting network 411 behind the matching link 410 is to adjust the auxiliary amplification path to an ideal open state.
  • the load impedance of the root of the main amplifier is raised to 2*Z0 (relative to the load Zload), thereby assisting
  • the open circuit of the amplification path and the load boost of the main amplifier enable a high-efficiency amplified output of the small signal input.
  • the value of the input power is adjusted according to the level of the level, and the connected state of the controllable switch circuit is controlled to realize the control of the conduction state of the auxiliary amplification path. It is generally possible to determine whether the input signal belongs to a larger signal or a smaller signal by setting a threshold. At this time, the main amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path together realize power amplification of the input signal to achieve high-efficiency output.
  • the above phase shift network can be implemented by a microstrip line.
  • controllable switching circuit selects an RF switch, and the specific structure is as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the main amplification path specifically includes a main amplifier 500, a matching network 501, and phase shift networks 502 and 503.
  • the detecting unit is specifically a power detecting circuit 504.
  • the control unit includes a controllable attenuator (controllable attenuation link) 505 and a driving amplifier 506, and the switching unit is specifically a radio frequency switch 507.
  • the auxiliary amplification module of the auxiliary amplification path specifically includes a phase shift network 508, an auxiliary amplifier 509, a matching network 510, and a phase shift network 511.
  • the apparatus further includes a phase shifting network 512 for phase adjusting the signals output by the primary amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path.
  • the signal level is adjusted by the power detecting circuit 504 through the controllable attenuator 505 and the driver amplifier 506 to a control level corresponding to the level of the input signal level, and is transmitted to the radio frequency switch 507.
  • the RF switch 507 is turned off when the signal level is small, and the auxiliary amplifier 509 is opened.
  • the phase shifting network 511 acts to tune the auxiliary amplification path to the ideal open circuit. At this time due to phase shift networks 502 and 503
  • the presence of the load impedance of the main amplifier 500 increases, thereby increasing the transmission efficiency of the small signal through the power amplifying device.
  • the RF switch 507 is in an on state when the signal level is small, and the auxiliary amplifier 500 and the main amplifier 509 jointly perform power amplification on the input signal to realize high-power output of a high-level large signal, thereby improving signal power amplification and transmission efficiency. .
  • controllable switching circuit selects a small signal amplifier or a driver stage amplifier, and the specific structure is as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the main amplification path specifically includes a main amplifier 600, a matching network 601, and phase shift networks 602 and 603.
  • the detecting unit is specifically a power detecting circuit 604.
  • the control unit includes a controllable attenuator (controllable attenuation link) 605 and a driving amplifier 606, and the switching unit is specifically a small signal amplifier or a driver stage amplifier 607. .
  • the auxiliary amplification module of the auxiliary amplification path specifically includes a phase shift network 608, an auxiliary amplifier 609, a matching network 610, and a phase shift network 611.
  • the apparatus further includes a phase shifting network 612 for phase adjustment of signals output by the primary amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path.
  • the signal level is adjusted by the power detection circuit 604 via the controllable attenuator 605 and the driver amplifier 606 to a control level corresponding to the level of the input signal level.
  • the small signal amplifier or driver stage amplifier 607 is implemented under control of the control level: it is turned off when the signal level is small, and the auxiliary amplifier 509 is turned off.
  • the phase shifting network 611 acts to tune the auxiliary amplification path to the ideal open circuit.
  • the load impedance of the main amplifier 600 is increased due to the presence of the phase shift networks 602 and 603, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the small signal through the power amplifying device; when the signal level is large, it is in an on state, and according to the control power
  • the flat difference is in different degrees of conduction state, and the auxiliary amplifier 600 and the main amplifier 609 jointly perform power amplification on the input signal to realize high-power output of a high-level large signal, thereby improving signal power amplification and transmission efficiency.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the power amplifying device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the level of the input signal is detected by the digital power detecting circuit, and the control level is obtained through the attenuator and the digital-to-analog converter, and the controllable attenuation chain is obtained.
  • the circuit controls the on/off of the auxiliary amplification path, and its structure is as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the main amplification path specifically includes a main amplifier 700, a matching network 701, and phase shift networks 702 and 703. Among them, the main amplifier 700 may be a carrier amplifier.
  • the detecting unit is specifically a digital power detecting circuit 704, configured to obtain a level value of an input signal of the auxiliary amplifying path by detecting power of the input signal, and determine an attenuation value of the level of the input signal detected by the power detecting circuit, by using a digital The form of the signal is sent to the controllable attenuator 705.
  • the control unit includes a controllable attenuator (controllable attenuation link) 705 and a digital-to-analog converter DAC 706, and the controllable attenuator 705 is configured to adjust the level value of the input signal according to the attenuation value, and transmit the value to the digital-to-analog converter DAC706;
  • the mode converter DAC 706 is configured to convert the adjusted input signal level value into a control level in the form of an analog signal.
  • the switch unit is specifically a controllable attenuation link 707 for adjusting the attenuation state under the control of the control level to achieve the purpose of controlling the input power of the auxiliary amplification channel.
  • the auxiliary amplification module of the auxiliary amplification path specifically includes a phase shift network 708, an auxiliary amplifier 709, a matching network 710, and a phase shift network 711.
  • the apparatus further includes a phase shifting network 712 for phase adjustment of signals output by the primary amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path.
  • the digital power detection circuit 704 detects the level of the input signal, and determines the attenuation value of the controllable attenuator 705 through a look-up table. After the attenuation is controlled by the controllable attenuator 705, the signal level is passed by the DAC 706. Adjust to a certain control level to control the amount of attenuation of the controllable attenuator 707.
  • the controllable attenuator 707 is deeply attenuated, which is equivalent to opening the auxiliary amplifier 709 (the signal is small equivalent to an open circuit), that is, the auxiliary amplifier 709 is open to the main amplifier 700 at this time, and has a phase shift network.
  • the power amplifier provided in the second embodiment can calculate a corresponding impedance change table according to the input power, and control the impedance change process of the main amplifier 700 to make the main amplification.
  • the value of the load impedance can be arbitrarily selected between 2*Z0 and Z0 as the input power changes, maintaining high efficiency for a long time.
  • the input signal level is detected by the digital power detection link, and the controllable switch circuit is set as a controllable attenuator to realize input of arbitrary input power, and the conduction or half of the auxiliary amplifier is controlled at any efficiency point. Inductive state, achieving good efficiency output.
  • the above power amplifying device can allow the auxiliary amplifier to select a higher type of operation (for example, not limited to class C), and can even operate at the same bias voltage as the main amplifier, that is, class AB, thereby achieving a good linearity while achieving Efficient transmission.
  • a higher type of operation for example, not limited to class C
  • class AB bias voltage
  • the fixed bias voltage setting affects the efficiency of the entire link due to the inconsistency of the power amplifier tube.
  • the above-mentioned power amplifying device of the present application does not strongly depend on the adjustment of the bias voltage of the auxiliary amplifier, and the switching of the auxiliary amplifying path no longer requires a bias voltage, and therefore, the auxiliary amplifying path is passed.
  • the break is no longer dependent on the amplification characteristics of the power amplifier tube itself, and the on-power point of the peak amplifier can be freely selected to improve efficiency. Therefore, the non-uniformity of the auxiliary amplifying tube under the same bias voltage is effectively avoided, and the consistency of the product is improved.
  • the bias voltage can be set to the bias voltage set point of the auxiliary amplifier required by the traditional Doherty, or the bias voltage can be increased, and even the same bias voltage as the main amplifier can be increased, thereby achieving better and better High transmission efficiency.
  • the above power amplifying device achieves the same purpose of changing the power amplifier characteristics by the setting of the bias voltage by the conventional Doherty through the switch of the peripheral link, and obtains a better power amplifier effect; because the peripheral link is better controlled, the The way has better controllability.
  • controllable switching circuit when used instead of the controllable switching circuit to realize the on/off control of the auxiliary amplification path, real-time and continuous adjustment of the output power of the auxiliary amplifier can be realized, and the efficiency of the output signal is improved while the linearity of the output signal is improved.
  • the above-described power amplifying circuit implementing method and power amplifying device control the input power of the peak amplifier by adjusting the signal magnitude of the peak amplifier (ie, the auxiliary amplifier) circuit, and adjust the output power thereof.
  • the control switch circuit or the controllable attenuation link controls the on/off of the auxiliary amplification path, and the input power of the auxiliary amplifier can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the input signal, and accordingly, the output power and the load impedance of the main amplification path are also followed.
  • the change achieves the purpose of controlling the working state of the power amplifying device in real time according to the change of the input signal, so that when the signal is small, the peak amplifier can be switched to the state without input power in time to realize the independent operation of the carrier amplifier, thereby inducing the load variation of the carrier amplifier.
  • the peak amplifier can be switched to the appropriate input power in time, and the main amplification path and the auxiliary amplification path work simultaneously. Therefore, impedance changes similar to those of the conventional Doherty can be realized without controlling the bias voltage, and the efficiency of the power amplification circuit can be improved, and high-efficiency and high-power amplification of the signal can be realized. It avoids the problem that the traditional Doherty circuit must adjust the bias voltages of the carrier amplifier (ie main amplifier) and the peak amplifier to operate the two amplifiers in different operating states, resulting in inefficient power amplifier circuits.

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Description

一种功率放大电路实现方法及功率放大装置
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 尤指一种适用于射频和微波频段的功率放大 电路实现方法及功率放大装置。
背景技术
随着通信技术领域中对能耗和环保等方面的要求的不断提高， 信号传输 的效率越来越受关注。 而通信系统的功率消耗大部分都来自于功率放大器， 功率放大器的效率直接影响了整个系统的效率和功耗， 因此， 提高功率放大 器的效率成为提高通信系统的信号传输效率的关键问题。 实际应用中由于调 制方式的限制， 使得系统信号存在峰均比， 因此一般釆用功率回退的措施来 保证信号的线性输出， 无论是工作在 B类、 C类状态， 在单管方案中功率回 退都必然伴随着效率的降低。
目前， 一般釆用 Doherty技术来提高功率放大电路效率。 典型的功率放 大电路如图 1所示， 包括主放大通路和辅助放大通路。 其中， 主放大通路中 包括： 主放大器 100、 匹配网络 101、 相移网络 102、 相移网络 103; 辅助放 大通路中包括：相移网络 104、辅助放大器 105、匹配网络 106、相移网络 107。 该功率放大电路还包括与主放大通路、 辅助放大通路均相连接的相移网络 108。
信号通过该放大电路时， 会分为两路， 一路进入主放大通路， 经主放大 器 100放大， 一路进入辅助放大通路经辅助放大器 105放大， 通过控制两路 放大器的偏置电压， 使得主放大器 100工作在 B类或者 AB类， 辅助放大器 工作在 C类。 由于 C类工作状态的偏置电压比较低， 使其不会始终处于导通 状态， 而是在输入信号足够大时才导通。 因此， 当输入信号较大时， 主放大 通路和辅助放大通路同时工作， 实现对输入信号正常的功率放大。 当输入信 号比较小时， 辅助放大通路的辅助放大器则处于未导通状态， 只有主放大通 路工作。 此时， 可以诱发载波放大器的负载变化， 通过辅助放大通路的开路 实现主放大器 100的负载由大功率时的 Z0 (功放 ^=艮部的负载阻抗）被相应的 提高到 2*Z0, 相对于两个通路均连通和上述单管方案， 在输出相同功率的信 号时达到了提高输出信号相效率的目的。
由于图 1中为了实现相位匹配而设置的匹配网络 101和 106的存在， 使 得在实现将 Z0提高到 2* Z0这一阻抗变换时， 需要加入一些相移网络来实现 对阻抗的调整。 例如图 1中， 相移网络 102、 104、 107均是使用微带线实现 的相移网络； 相移网络 103是 λ /4线阻抗为 Zload的相移网络， 其作用是使 信号输出的负载阻抗由 Zload变为 2*Zload; 相移网络 108是 λ /4线阻抗为 V^Zfo /2的相移网络， 其作用是使信号输出的负载阻抗由 Zload 变为 l/2*Zload;相移网络 102的作用是辅助匹配网络 101将负载阻抗由 Z0调谐到 2*Z0。 相移网络 107的加入是为了使辅助放大器 105在没有信号通过时能够 处于理想开路状态；相移网络 102、 103均是为了调整主放大通路的负载阻抗， 相移网络 104、 107均是为了调整辅助放大通路的负载阻抗， 相移网络 108是 为了调整经主放大通路放大后， 或经主放大通路与辅助放大通路放大后的信 号的负载阻抗。
由于相移网络的复杂性， 使得在实际中很难将上下两路相位调整平衡， 因此也出现了一些改进的做法。
申请号为 CN200610058164的专利申请， 公开了如图 2所示的一种功率 放大电路。 其主放大通路中包括： 主放大器 200、 匹配网络 201、 相移网络 202、 相移网络 203; 辅助放大通路中包括： 相位调整单元 204、 幅度调整单 元 205、 相移网络 206、 辅助放大器 207、 匹配网络 208、 相移网络 209、 检 波电路 210。 该功率放大电路还包括与主放大通路、 辅助放大通路均相连接 的相移网络 211。
其中， 通过检波电路 210对输入信号进行检波， 然后根据预先统计出来 的在相同的输入信号电平下主放大器和辅助放大器的相位和幅度差， 利用相 位调整单元 204和幅度调整单元 205对辅助放大器路的相位和幅度进行调整， 实现有效地、 时时地调整。 但每个功放管 （放大器） 的特性并不一致， 针对 每个特性不同功放管分别进行统计是很不现实， 将某一个功放管的统计结果 的用于其他的功放管也会导致调整效果也不佳。
申请号 WO03065599的国际专利申请， 公开了如图 3所示的一种功率放 大电路。 其主放大通路中包括： 主放大器 300、 匹配网络 301、 相移网络 302、 相移网络 303; 辅助放大通路中包括： 相移网络 304、 辅助放大器 305、 匹配 网络 306、 相移网络 307、 检波电路 308、 数字控制电路 309和偏压网络 310。 该功率放大电路还包括与主放大通路、 辅助放大通路均相连接的相移网络 311。
利用检波电路 308检测出输入信号的电平高低， 由数字控制电路 309根 据电平的高低来控制功放管的偏置电压， 然后通过偏压网络 310实现偏置电 压的调整变化， 从而将功放管调整到合适的工作状态， 以兼顾线性与效率， 但其依然是通过调整偏执电压来实现工作状态调整的， 效果并不十分理想。
上述现有技术中， 无论是图 1的直接调节主放大器（载波放大器）和辅 助放大器（峰值放大器）的偏置电压， 使两个放大器工作在不同的工作状态： 信号较小的时候， 峰值放大器处于非导通状态， 载波放大器单独输出功率， 从而诱发载波放大器的负载变化， 提高此时载波放大器的效率。 还是图 3的 检波后控制偏执电压，均是通过偏执电压的改变来控制辅助放大通路的通断， 以提高效率的做法。 而偏执电压的调整必然影响到整个放大电路的放大效果 和传输效率， 其电压偏置值的选择和调节都比较有难度， 必须十分谨慎； 且 偏置电压设置后， 功放管特性的不同也会影响整个放大电路的一致性， 从而 影响信号放大的效果（例如线性等信号特性）和效率。 因此， 通过偏置电压 实现放大电路的功率提高其效果并不十分理想。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种功率放大电路实现方法及功率放大装置， 用以解 决现有技术中必须依靠偏置电压对功放电路进行控制， 导致信号放大效果不 理想， 传输效率不容易保证的问题。
一种功率放大装置， 包括并行的主放大通路和辅助放大通路， 该装置设 置为： 对输入信号进行功率放大； 所述辅助放大通路中包括： 电路控制模块 和辅助放大模块；
所述电路控制模块设置为： 检测所述辅助放大通路输入信号的电平， 根 据输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所述辅助放大通路输入功率的控 制电平，通过所述控制电平控制所述辅助放大通路在对应的输入功率下工作； 所述辅助放大模块设置为： 对所述输入信号进行功率放大。
所述电路控制模块包括：
检测单元， 其设置为： 检测所述辅助放大通路输入信号的电平； 控制单元， 其设置为： 根据输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所 述辅助放大通路输入功率的控制电平； 以及
开关单元， 其设置为： 通过所述控制电平控制所述辅助放大通路在对应 的输入功率下工作。
所述检测单元为功率检测电路， 所述检测单元设置为： 通过对输入信号 的功率检测获取所述输入信号的电平；
所述控制单元包括：
可控衰减器， 设置为： 对所述功率检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平进 行衰减调整后， 传送给驱动放大器； 和
驱动放大器， 设置为： 根据衰减调整后的输入信号电平生成所述控制电 平；
所述开关单元为可控开关电路， 设置为： 在所述控制电平的控制下调整 工作状态， 实现控制所述辅助放大通路输入功率。
所述可控开关电路选用下列元件之一： 射频开关、 小信号放大器或驱动 级放大器。
所述检测单元为数字功率检测电路， 设置为： 通过对输入信号的功率检 测获取所述输入信号的电平值， 并确定所述功率检测电路检测到的输入信号 的电平的衰减值， 以数字信号的形式发送给所述控制单元；
所述控制单元包括：
可控衰减器， 设置为： 根据所述衰减值调整所述输入信号的电平值， 传 送给数模转化器 DAC; 和
数模转化器 DAC, 设置为： 将调整后的所述输入信号的电平值转化为模 拟信号形式的控制电平； 所述开关单元为可控衰减链路， 设置为： 在所述控制电平的控制下调整 衰减状态， 实现控制所述辅助放大通路的输入功率。
所述主放大通路包括主放大器、 第一匹配网络和第一相移网络； 所述第一匹配网络设置为： 对所述主放大器的输入信号进行负载阻抗匹 配；
所述第一相移网络设置为： 对所述主放大器的输入信号进行相位调整。 所述辅助放大模块包括辅助放大器、 第二匹配网络和第二相移网络； 所述第二匹配网络设置为： 对所述辅助放大器的输入信号进行负载阻抗 匹配；
所述第二相移网络设置为：对所述辅助放大器的输入信号进行相位调整。
一种功率放大电路实现方法， 主放大通路对输入信号进行功率放大， 包 括：
对输入与所述主放大通路并行的辅助放大通路的输入信号的电平进行检 测；
根据检测到的所述输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所述辅助放 大通路的输入功率的控制电平； 以及
入信号进行功率放大。
通过功率检测电路对所述辅助放大通路的输入信号电平进行检测； 所述根据检测到的所述输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所述辅 助放大通路的输入功率的控制电平的步骤包括：
通过可控衰减器对所述功率检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平进行衰减 调整； 以及通过驱动放大器根据衰减调整后的输入信号电平生成所述控制电 平。 获取所述输入信号的数字信号形式的电平值； 所述根据检测到的所述输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所述辅 助放大通路的输入功率的控制电平的步骤包括：
确定所述功率检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平的衰减值；
通过可控衰减器根据所述衰减值调整所述输入信号的电平值， 传送给数 模转化器 DAC;
通过数模转化器 DAC将所述数字信号形式的调整后的电平值转化为模 拟信号形式的控制电平。
所述通过所述控制电平控制所述辅助放大通路在对应的输入功率下对所 述输入信号进行功率放大的步骤包括：
通过所述控制电平控制所述辅助放大通路中设置的开关电路的工作状态 或可控衰减链路的衰减状态， 实现使所述辅助放大通路在对应的输入功率下 工作。
所述方法还包括： 通过第一匹配网络对主放大通路中的主放大器的输入 信号进行负载阻抗匹配；
通过第二匹配网络对所述辅助放大通路中的辅助放大器的输入信号进行 负载阻抗匹配；
通过第一相移网络对主放大通路中的主放大器的输入信号进行相位调 整； 以及
通过第二相移网络对所述辅助放大通路中的辅助放大器的输入信号进行 相位调整。
本发明实施例提供的功率放大电路实现方法及功率放大装置， 通过检测 辅助放大通路输入信号的电平， 根据输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控 制所述辅助放大通路输入功率的控制电平， 通过控制电平控制所述辅助放大 通路在对应的输入功率下工作。 通过对辅助放大通路的实时检测实现根据输 入信号的变化实时的调整和控制辅助放大通路的导通状态， 并通过外围电路 来控制辅助放大通路的导通情况， 在不需要考虑偏置电压的情况下达到了与 传统做法中设置偏置电压控制功率放大电路工作状态， 提高输出效率的相同 目的， 且获得更好、 更高的传输效率。 从而避免了设置偏置电压所带来的相 同偏置电压下不同放大器的不一致性和功率放大电路传输效率不高的问题。 附图概述
图 1为现有技术中典型的 Doherty电路的示意图；
图 2为现有技术中相位幅度调整的功率放大电路的示意图；
图 3为现有技术中偏置电压实时调整的功率放大电路的示意图； 图 4为本发明实施例中功率放大装置的结构示意图；
图 5为本发明实施例中功率放大电路实现方法的流程图；
图 6为本发明实施例一中功率放大装置的结构示意图；
图 7为本发明实施例一中功率放大装置的一种具体结构示意图； 图 8为本发明实施例一中功率放大装置的另一种结构示意图；
图 9为本发明实施例二中功率放大装置的结构示意图。 本发明的较佳实施方式
本发明实施例提供的功率放大装置， 在辅助放大通路中加入可控开关电 路， 通过可控开关电路控制调节辅助放大通路的输入功率实现对辅助放大通 路工作状态的调整， 其结构如图 4所示， 包括主放大通路 10和辅助放大通路 20 , 两个放大通路并行， 用于对输入信号进行功率放大。 其中， 辅助放大通 路 20包括： 电路控制模块 21和辅助放大模块 22。
主放大通路 10和辅助放大通路 20, 用于对输入信号进行功率放大。 电路控制模块 21 , 用于检测辅助放大通路 20输入信号的电平， 根据输 入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制辅助放大通路 20输入功率的控制电 平， 通过该控制电平控制辅助放大通路 20在对应的输入功率下工作。
辅助放大模块 22, 用于对辅助放大通路 20的输入信号进行功率放大。 较佳的， 上述电路控制模块 21 , 具体可以包括： 检测单元 23、 控制单元 24和开关单元 25。 各个单元实现的功能如下： 检测单元 23 , 用于检测辅助放大通路 20输入信号的电平。
控制单元 24, 用于根据输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制辅助放 大通路 20输入功率的控制电平。
开关单元 25, 用于通过上述确定出的控制电平控制辅助放大通路 20在 对应的输入功率下工作。
通过本发明实施例提供的上述功率放大装置， 实现传输信号功率放大的 功率放大电路实现方法， 其流程如图 5所示， 执行步骤如下：
步骤 S501 : 对输入辅助放大通路的输入信号的电平进行检测。
通过功率检测电路对辅助放大通路的输入信号电平进行检测， 或通过数 字功率检测电路对辅助放大通路的输入信号功率进行检测， 根据输入信号的 功率获取对应的数字信号形式的电平值。
步骤 S502: 根据检测到的所述输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制 辅助放大通路的输入功率的控制电平。
当通过功率检测电路检测到输入信号的电平后， 通过控制单元生成控制 电平， 具体可以： 通过可控衰减器对功率检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平 进行衰减调整， 以及通过驱动放大器根据衰减调整后的输入信号电平生成控 制电平。
当通过数字功率检测电路检测到输入信号的电平值后， 通过控制单元生 成控制电平， 具体可以： 确定出功率检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平的衰 减值， 通过可控衰减器根据衰减值调整输入信号的电平值， 传送给数模转化 器（ Digital-to-Analog Converter, DAC ) , 通过数模转化器 DAC将数字信号 形式的调整后的电平值转化为模拟信号形式的控制电平。
步骤 S503: 通过控制电平控制辅助放大通路在对应的输入功率下对输入 信号进行功率放大。
通过控制电平控制辅助放大通路中设置的开关电路的工作状态或可控衰 减链路的衰减状态， 实现使辅助放大通路中的辅助放大器在对应的输入功率 下工作。
较佳的， 上述方法还可以通过匹配网络和相移网络对主放大通路中的主 放大器和辅助放大通路中的辅助放大器的输入信号进行负载阻抗匹配和相位 调整。
实施例一：
本发明实施例一所提供的功率放大装置， 通过功率检测电路检测到输入 信号的电平， 通过可控开关电路对辅助放大通路的输入功率进行控制， 其具 体结构可以如图 6所示。
主放大通路具体包括主放大器 400、 匹配网络 401、相移网络 402和 403。 其中， 主放大器 400可以是载波放大器。 匹配网络和相移网络根据调整需求 设置， 不限于上述设置方式， 用于对主放大器的输入信号进行负载阻抗匹配 和相位调整。
辅助放大通路的电路控制模块中， 检测单元具体为功率检测电路 404, 用于通过对输入信号的功率检测获取输入信号的电平； 控制单元包括可控衰 减器（可控衰减链路） 405和驱动放大器 406, 可控衰减器 405 , 用于对功率 检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平进行衰减调整后， 传送给驱动放大器 406; 驱动放大器 406 , 用于根据衰减调整后的输入信号电平生成控制电平； 开关 单元具体为可控开关电路 407 , 用于在控制电平的控制下调整工作状态， 实 现控制辅助放大通路输入功率的目的。
辅助放大通路的辅助放大模块具体包括相移网络 408、 辅助放大器 409、 匹配网络 410和相移网络 411。 其中， 辅助放大器 409可以是检测峰值放大 器； 匹配网络和相移网络根据调整需求设置， 不限于上述设置方式， 用于辅 助放大器的输入信号进行负载阻抗匹配和相位调整。
较佳的， 上述装置还包括相移网络 412, 用于对主放大通路和辅助放大 通路输出的信号进行相位调整。
在应用时， 首先通过功率检测电路 404对输入信号的功率进行检测以获 取对应的电平值， 然后可控衰减器 405对功率检测电路 404检测到的输入信 号的电平进行衰减调整， 以适应驱动放大器 406的电压要求， 然后将驱动放 大器根据调整后的电平产生一个控制电平， 并通过该控制电平控制可控开关 电路 407的开启闭合状态， 实现控制辅助放大通路的连通或开路。 当检测到输入信号较小 （输入信号电平比较低） 时， 通过输入功率控制 辅助放大通路中的可控开关电路处于断开状态， 在输入信号较小时， 相对于 输入信号较小的主放大器此时的辅助放大器为开路， 辅助放大通路处于不导 通的状态。 匹配链路 410后面的相移网络 411的加入， 则是为了将辅助放大 通路调整到理想的开路状态。 同时， 通过主放大通路中设置的相移网络 402 和 λ /4线阻抗为 Zload的相移网络 403 ,将实现主放大器根部的负载阻抗提升 到 2*Z0 (相对于负载 Zload ) , 从而通过辅助放大通路的开路和主放大器的 负载提升实现小信号输入的高效率放大输出。
当检测到输入信号较大（输入信号电平比较高） 时， 根据电平的高低调 整输入功率的值， 控制可控开关电路的连通状态， 实现对辅助放大通路的导 通状态的控制。 一般可以通过设定阔值确定输入信号属于较大的信号还是较 小的信号。 此时， 主放大通路和辅助放大通路共同实现对输入信号的功率放 大， 实现高效率的输出。
上述相移网络可以通过微带线实现。
本发明实施例一的上述功率放大装置， 其可控开关电路选用射频开关， 具体结构如图 7所示。
主放大通路具体包括主放大器 500、 匹配网络 501、相移网络 502和 503。 辅助放大通路的电路控制模块中， 检测单元具体为功率检测电路 504, 控制单元包括可控衰减器 (可控衰减链路） 505和驱动放大器 506, 开关单元 具体为射频开关 507。
辅助放大通路的辅助放大模块具体包括相移网络 508、 辅助放大器 509、 匹配网络 510和相移网络 511。
上述装置还包括用于对主放大通路和辅助放大通路输出的信号进行相位 调整的相移网络 512。
通过功率检测电路 504经过可控衰减器 505和驱动放大器 506将信号电 平调整到与输入信号电平大小对应的控制电平， 传送给射频开关 507。 射频 开关 507在信号电平较小时关闭， 将辅助放大器 509开路。 相移网络 511则 起到将辅助放大通路调谐到理想开路的作用。 此时由于相移网络 502和 503 的存在将主放大器 500的负载阻抗提升， 从而提高了小信号通过该功率放大 装置的传输效率。 射频开关 507在信号电平较小时处于导通状态， 由辅助放 大器 500和主放大器 509共同对输入信号进行功率放大， 实现高电平的大信 号的高功率输出， 提高了信号功率放大和传输效率。
本发明实施例一的上述功率放大装置， 其可控开关电路选用小信号放大 器或驱动级放大器， 具体结构如图 8所示。
主放大通路具体包括主放大器 600、 匹配网络 601、相移网络 602和 603。 辅助放大通路的电路控制模块中， 检测单元具体为功率检测电路 604, 控制单元包括可控衰减器（可控衰减链路） 605和驱动放大器 606, 开关单元 具体为小信号放大器或驱动级放大器 607。
辅助放大通路的辅助放大模块具体包括相移网络 608、 辅助放大器 609、 匹配网络 610和相移网络 611。
上述装置还包括用于对主放大通路和辅助放大通路输出的信号进行相位 调整的相移网络 612。
通过功率检测电路 604经过可控衰减器 605和驱动放大器 606将信号电 平调整到与输入信号电平大小对应的控制电平。 小信号放大器或驱动级放大 器 607在控制电平的控制下实现：在信号电平较小时关闭，将辅助放大器 509 开路。 相移网络 611则起到将辅助放大通路调谐到理想开路的作用。 此时由 于相移网络 602和 603的存在将主放大器 600的负载阻抗提升， 从而提高了 小信号通过该功率放大装置的传输效率； 在信号电平较大时处于导通状态， 并根据控制电平的不同处于不同程度的导通状态， 由辅助放大器 600和主放 大器 609共同对输入信号进行功率放大，实现高电平的大信号的高功率输出， 提高了信号功率放大和传输效率。
实施例二：
本发明实施例二提供的功率放大装置， 与实施例一不同的是， 通过数字 功率检测电路检测输入信号的电平， 并通过衰减器和数模转换器得到控制电 平， 通过可控衰减链路控制辅助放大通路的通断， 其结构如图 9所示， 包括： 主放大通路具体包括主放大器 700、 匹配网络 701、相移网络 702和 703。 其中， 主放大器 700可以是载波放大器。
辅助放大通路的电路控制模块中：
检测单元具体为数字功率检测电路 704, 用于通过对输入信号的功率检 测获取辅助放大通路的输入信号的电平值， 并确定功率检测电路检测到的输 入信号的电平的衰减值， 以数字信号的形式发送给可控衰减器 705。
控制单元包括可控衰减器（可控衰减链路） 705和数模转化器 DAC706, 可控衰减器 705 , 用于根据衰减值调整输入信号的电平值， 传送给数模转化 器 DAC706;数模转化器 DAC706,用于将调整后的输入信号电平值转化为模 拟信号形式的控制电平。
开关单元具体为可控衰减链路 707 , 用于在控制电平的控制下调整衰减 状态， 实现控制辅助放大通路的输入功率的目的。
辅助放大通路的辅助放大模块具体包括相移网络 708、 辅助放大器 709、 匹配网络 710和相移网络 711。
较佳的， 上述装置还包括相移网络 712, 用于对主放大通路和辅助放大 通路输出的信号进行相位调整。
实际应用中， 数字功率检测电路 704对输入信号的电平进行检测， 并经 过查表确定可控衰减器 705的衰减值， 经可控衰减器 705衰减处理后， 由过 DAC 706将信号电平调整到一定控制电平，去控制可控衰减器 707的衰减量。 当输入信号电平较小时，可控衰减器 707深度衰减，相当于将辅助放大器 709 开路（信号很小相当于开路） ， 即此时辅助放大器 709相对主放大器 700为 开路，且有相移网络 711将辅助放大器调谐到理想开路。相移网络 702和 703 的存在将主放大器 700的负载阻抗提升， 从而提高了小信号通过该功率放大 装置的传输效率； 当输入信号电平较大时， 根据输入信号电平的大小不同， 可控衰减器 707的小幅度衰减或不衰减， 由辅助放大器 709和主放大器 700 共同实现对输入信号的功率放大， 实现高电平的打信号的高功率输出， 提高 了信号功率放大和传输效率。 较佳的， 上述实施例二所提供的功率放大器， 可以根据输入功率计算一 个对应的阻抗变化的表格， 控制主放大器 700的阻抗变化过程， 使得主放大 器的能够在 2*Z0到 Z0之间随着输入功率的变化任意选择负载阻抗的值， 维 持长时间的高效率。
上述实施例二中， 通过数字功率检测链路检测输入信号电平， 并将可控 开关电路设置成可控衰减器， 实现任意输入功率的输入， 在任意效率点控制 辅助放大器的导通或者半导通状态， 达到良好的效率输出。
上述功率放大装置可以允许辅助放大器选择更高的工作类型 （例如不限 于 C类） ， 甚至可以与主放大器工作在相同的偏置电压下， 即 AB类， 从而 在保持艮好的线性的同时实现高效率的传输。
传统的 Doherty 电路， 在实现功放时， 由于功放管的不一致性， 其固定 的偏置电压的设置影响了整个链路的效率。 与传统的 Doherty 电路相比， 本 申请的上述功率放大装置不在强烈的依赖辅助放大器的偏置电压的调节， 辅 助放大通路的通断对偏置电压不再有要求， 因此， 辅助放大通路的通断不再 依赖于功放管自身的放大特性， 可以自由的选择峰值放大器的导通功率点来 提高效率。 从而有效地规避辅助放大管在同一偏置电压下的非一致性， 提高 产品的一致性。
由于影响电路导通特性不再是偏置电压， 因此， 本申请中可以允许选择 合适的、 效率较高的偏置电压值。 既可以将偏置电压设置成传统的 Doherty 要求的辅助放大器的偏置电压设置点， 也可以将偏置电压提高， 甚至可以提 高到和主放大器相同的偏置电压， 从而可以获得更好、 更高的传输效率。
上述功率放大装置通过外围链路的开关， 达到了与传统的 Doherty通过 偏置电压的设置来改变功放特性的相同目的， 且获得了更好的功放效果； 由 于外围链路更好控制， 使得该方式具有更好的可控性。
较佳的， 在使用可衰减链路替代可控开关电路实现对辅助放大通路的通 断控制时， 可以实现实时的、 连续的调节辅助放大器的输出功率， 提高效率 的同时提升了输出信号的线性。
以上所述， 仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不 局限于此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可 轻易想到的变化、 替换或应用到其他类似的装置， 都应涵盖在本发明的保护 范围之内。 因此， 本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。
工业实用性 本发明实施例提供的上述功率放大电路实现方法及功率放大装置， 通过 检测峰值放大器 （即辅助放大器） 电路的信号大小， 来控制峰值放大器的输 入功率， 调整其输出功率， 且通过可控开关电路或可控衰减链路控制辅助放 大通路的通断， 可以根据输入信号的变化， 实时的调整辅助放大器的输入功 率， 相应的， 其输出功率和主放大通路的负载阻抗也会随之变化， 达到根据 输入信号变化实时控制功率放大装置的工作状态的目的， 使得信号较小时， 峰值放大器可以及时的切换至没有输入功率的状态， 实现载波放大器单独工 作， 从而诱发载波放大器的负载变化。 信号较大时， 峰值放大器可以及时的 切换到合适的输入功率， 主放大通路和辅助放大通路同时工作。 从而在不需 要控制偏置电压的情况下实现和传统 Doherty类似的阻抗变化， 提高功率放 大电路的效率， 实现对信号的高效率高功率的放大。 避免了像传统的 Doherty 电路必须通过调节载波放大器（即主放大器）和峰值放大器的偏置电压， 使 两个放大器工作在不同的工作状态， 导致的功率放大电路效率不高的问题。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种功率放大装置， 包括并行的主放大通路和辅助放大通路， 所述装 置设置为： 对输入信号进行功率放大； 其中， 所述辅助放大通路中包括电路 控制模块和辅助放大模块；
所述电路控制模块设置为： 检测所述辅助放大通路输入信号的电平， 根 据输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所述辅助放大通路输入功率的控 制电平，通过所述控制电平控制所述辅助放大通路在对应的输入功率下工作； 所述辅助放大模块设置为： 对所述输入信号进行功率放大。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的装置， 其中， 所述电路控制模块包括：
检测单元， 其设置为： 检测所述辅助放大通路输入信号的电平； 控制单元， 其设置为： 根据输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所 述辅助放大通路输入功率的控制电平； 以及
开关单元， 其设置为： 通过所述控制电平控制所述辅助放大通路在对应 的输入功率下工作。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的装置， 其中， 所述检测单元为功率检测电路， 所 述检测单元设置为： 通过对输入信号的功率检测获取所述输入信号的电平； 所述控制单元包括：
可控衰减器， 设置为： 对所述功率检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平进 行衰减调整后， 传送给驱动放大器； 和
驱动放大器， 设置为： 根据衰减调整后的输入信号电平生成所述控制电 平；
所述开关单元为可控开关电路， 设置为： 在所述控制电平的控制下调整 工作状态， 实现控制所述辅助放大通路输入功率。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的装置， 其中， 所述可控开关电路选用下列元件之 一： 射频开关、 小信号放大器或驱动级放大器。
5、如权利要求 2所述的装置，其中，所述检测单元为数字功率检测电路， 设置为： 通过对输入信号的功率检测获取所述输入信号的电平值， 并确定所 述功率检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平的衰减值， 以数字信号的形式发送 给所述控制单元；
所述控制单元包括：
可控衰减器， 设置为： 根据所述衰减值调整所述输入信号的电平值， 传 送给数模转化器 DAC; 和
数模转化器 DAC, 设置为： 将调整后的所述输入信号的电平值转化为模 拟信号形式的控制电平；
所述开关单元为可控衰减链路， 设置为： 在所述控制电平的控制下调整 衰减状态， 实现控制所述辅助放大通路的输入功率。
6、 如权利要求 1-5任一所述的装置， 其中， 所述主放大通路包括主放大 器、 第一匹配网络和第一相移网络；
所述第一匹配网络设置为： 对所述主放大器的输入信号进行负载阻抗匹 配；
所述第一相移网络设置为： 对所述主放大器的输入信号进行相位调整。
7、 如权利要求 1-5任一所述的装置， 其中， 所述辅助放大模块包括辅助 放大器、 第二匹配网络和第二相移网络；
所述第二匹配网络设置为： 对所述辅助放大器的输入信号进行负载阻抗 匹配；
所述第二相移网络设置为：对所述辅助放大器的输入信号进行相位调整。
8、 一种功率放大电路实现方法， 主放大通路对输入信号进行功率放大， 其特征在于， 所述方法包括：
对输入与所述主放大通路并行的辅助放大通路的输入信号的电平进行检 测；
根据检测到的所述输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所述辅助放 大通路的输入功率的控制电平； 以及 入信号进行功率放大。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的方法， 其中， 通过功率检测电路对所述辅助放大 通路的输入信号电平进行检测；
所述根据检测到的所述输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所述辅 助放大通路的输入功率的控制电平的步骤包括：
通过可控衰减器对所述功率检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平进行衰减 调整； 以及通过驱动放大器根据衰减调整后的输入信号电平生成所述控制电 平。
10、 如权利要求 8所述的方法， 其中， 通过数字功率检测电路对所述辅 助放大通路的输入信号电平进行检测， 获取所述输入信号的数字信号形式的 电平值；
所述根据检测到的所述输入信号的电平高低， 生成一个用于控制所述辅 助放大通路的输入功率的控制电平的步骤包括：
确定所述功率检测电路检测到的输入信号的电平的衰减值；
通过可控衰减器根据所述衰减值调整所述输入信号的电平值， 传送给数 模转化器 DAC;
通过数模转化器 DAC将所述数字信号形式的调整后的电平值转化为模 拟信号形式的控制电平。
11、 如权利要求 9或 10所述的方法， 其中， 所述通过所述控制电平控制 包括：
通过所述控制电平控制所述辅助放大通路中设置的开关电路的工作状态 或可控衰减链路的衰减状态， 实现使所述辅助放大通路在对应的输入功率下 工作。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的方法， 其中， 所述方法还包括： 通过第一匹配 网络对主放大通路中的主放大器的输入信号进行负载阻抗匹配；
通过第二匹配网络对所述辅助放大通路中的辅助放大器的输入信号进行 负载阻抗匹配；
通过第一相移网络对主放大通路中的主放大器的输入信号进行相位调 整； 以及
通过第二相移网络对所述辅助放大通路中的辅助放大器的输入信号进行 相位调整。
PCT/CN2010/078779 2009-11-18 2010-11-16 一种功率放大电路实现方法及功率放大装置 WO2011060706A1 (zh)

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