WO2011054982A1 - Pseudo-electrodo de referencia de película delgada y procedimiento para su fabricación - Google Patents
Pseudo-electrodo de referencia de película delgada y procedimiento para su fabricación Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011054982A1 WO2011054982A1 PCT/ES2010/000418 ES2010000418W WO2011054982A1 WO 2011054982 A1 WO2011054982 A1 WO 2011054982A1 ES 2010000418 W ES2010000418 W ES 2010000418W WO 2011054982 A1 WO2011054982 A1 WO 2011054982A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- pseudo
- silver
- thin film
- substrate
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/301—Reference electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
Definitions
- the present invention is related to the manufacture of reference electrodes by thin film deposition techniques, proposing a silver thin film (Ag) reference pseudo-electrode manufactured by sputtering, for preferred application. in electrochemical biosensors.
- Ag silver thin film
- Electrochemical biosensors are devices that are responsible for transforming chemical or biochemical information into a measurable and analytically useful signal, they consist of a working electrode WE (Working electrode), where the reaction of the element to be analyzed takes place, an auxiliary electrode or Counter electrode (Counter electrode), where current flows, and a reference electrode RE (Reference electrode) used to measure the potential of the working electrode.
- WE Working electrode
- Counter electrode Counter electrode
- RE Reference electrode
- the measurement of the element to be analyzed is given by the difference in potential established between the working electrode and the reference electrode, therefore for a correct measurement it is essential to have a reference electrode that has a stable electrochemical potential and well defined, for which conventional silver / silver chloride (Ag / AgCl) electrodes effectively meet this criterion.
- Biosensors for electrochemical detection of DNA hybridization are known in the state of the art, which incorporate conventional reference electrodes of the Ag / AgCl type, however these reference electrodes despite having a very good stability have the drawback of being of macroscopic scale, which is not compatible with the need that has been imposed lately to obtain increasingly smaller electrochemical biosensors in which the reference electrode is directly integrated in the biosensor next to the rest of the electrodes.
- miniaturized reference electrodes manufactured by thin film deposition techniques known as TFRE (Thin Film Reference Electrode) are known, as is the case of US Patent 4,933,048, or the scientific publication of Maminska et al, "All-solid-state miniaturized planar reference electrodes based on ionic liquids", Sens. Actuators B, 115, 552 (2006), which discloses a miniaturized reference electrode formed by a silver film (Ag), another film of Silver chloride (AgCl) and a solid potassium chloride (KCl) electrolyte, all of which is covered by a polymeric membrane.
- TFRE Thin Film Reference Electrode
- the Chinese patent CN101216451 in the name of the Eastern University of Science and Technology of China, discloses a DNA biosensor that also integrates a thick film reference electrode manufactured using the screen printing technique, however with this Deposition technique problems occur when electrodes of very small dimensions are required, since with this technique a relatively thick film deposition is obtained that affects the resolution of the biosensor.
- TFRE Thin film reference
- a reference pseudo-electrode integrable in an electrochemical biosensor is proposed, more specifically the object of the invention is the manufacture of an electrochemical biosensor that integrates a miniaturized reference pseudo-electrode manufactured by a deposition technique. thin film, specifically by sputtering, so that a stable reference pseudo-electrode is obtained with a simpler manufacturing process than those known to date and allowing its mass production.
- the reference pseudo-electrode object of the invention is composed of a substrate consisting of an oxidized silicon wafer, on which a single thin silver film is directly deposited by the sputtering technique, which has a thickness between 100 nm and 1500 nm, preferably the thickness of said thin film of 1000 nm silver
- a layer of adherent material preferably a chromium layer, is provided although it could also be another compound that provides The necessary adhesion.
- the reference pseudo-electrode object of the invention would not be altered its characteristics if another material is used as a substrate layer, yes, always and when that material was compatible with the standard industrial manufacturing processes of the moment, in this way the substrate layer on which the thin silver film is directly deposited could be constituted by another type of wafer, such as alumina or glass.
- the process carried out for the manufacture of the reference pseudo-electrode object of the invention is based on the direct deposition of a single thin film of silver on the substrate constituted by the oxidized silicon wafer, alumina or glass, using the Conventional sputtering technique, which allows to obtain thin films in a simple and efficient way.
- Figure 1 is a graphic representation of a miniaturized conventional reference electrode of the Ag / AgCl type according to the known technique.
- Figure 2 is a graphic representation of the reference pseudo-electrode object of the invention.
- Figure 2A is an exemplary embodiment of the reference pseudo-electrode in which a layer of adherent material is arranged between the substrate and the thin silver film.
- Figure 3 shows a diagram of an electrochemical biosensor in which the reference pseudo-electrode object of the invention is integrated.
- Figures 4A to 4J show the manufacturing sequence of the electrochemical biosensor of the previous figure.
- Figure 5 shows the cyclic voltamograms obtained from the comparison of the reference pseudo-electrode and a commercial reference electrode of the macroscopic scale of the Ag / AgCl type.
- Figure 6 shows a graph where it is verified the stability of the reference pseudo-electrode over a test period of one month.
- the object of the invention relates to a silver thin film reference pseudo-electrode manufactured by sputtering, which is integrable into an electrochemical biosensor, so that a compact, portable device is obtained, compatible with CMOS technology and that allows its mass production.
- Figure 1 represents a miniaturized reference electrode of the Ag / AgCl type according to the known technique, in which the reference electrode (RE) is constituted by a substrate (S) on which a series of films are deposited, a film of silver (A), which undergoes an electrochemical chlorination process to form a film of silver chloride (B) on it, then an electrolyte (E) of potassium chloride is deposited and finally all coated with a polymeric membrane (M ).
- the reference electrode (RE) is constituted by a substrate (S) on which a series of films are deposited, a film of silver (A), which undergoes an electrochemical chlorination process to form a film of silver chloride (B) on it, then an electrolyte (E) of potassium chloride is deposited and finally all coated with a polymeric membrane (M ).
- Figure 2 shows the reference pseudo-electrode (1) object of the invention which is composed of a substrate (2) constituted by an oxidized silicon wafer, on which a single sputtering technique is directly deposited thin film of silver (3), which has a thickness between 100 nm and 1500 nm, preferably 1000 nm being the thickness of said thin film of silver (3).
- Figure 2A shows an exemplary embodiment of the pseudo-reference electrode (1), where in order to improve adhesion, between the substrate (2), constituted by the oxidized silicon wafer, and the thin silver film (3) the provision of a layer ( 4) of adherent material, preferably a chrome layer, the functional characteristics of the device not being altered by the incorporation of this layer.
- a layer ( 4) of adherent material preferably a chrome layer
- the process carried out for the manufacture of the reference pseudo-electrode (1) is based on the direct deposition of a single thin film of silver (3) on the substrate (2) constituted by the oxidized silicon wafer, alumina or glass , using the known sputtering deposition technique.
- FIG. 3 shows an electrochemical biosensor
- the electrochemical biosensor (5) is formed by a working electrode (6) constituted by a gold disk of the order of 100 nm thick and 350 microns in diameter deposited by RF sputtering, a counter electrode (7) or auxiliary electrode consisting of a platinum semicircle of the order of 200 nm thick deposited by DC sputtering and the reference pseudo-electrode (1) constituted by a silver semicircle between 100 nm and 1500 nm thick, preferably 1000 nm thick, also deposited by DC sputtering.
- the counter electrode (7) and the reference pseudo-electrode (1) are deposited directly on the substrate (2) constituted by an oxidized silicon wafer, in the same way it is provided that between the gold, platinum and silver films and the oxidized silicon wafer a layer (4) of adherent material is arranged, such as chromium .
- FIGS 4A to 4J show the process carried out for the manufacture of the electrochemical biosensor (5), in which the techniques used (sputtering, photolithography and "PECVD” Chemical deposition in plasma-assisted vapor phase) are common in technology of the silicon chip manufacturing industry.
- the photolithographic process is one that uses a resin (8) for its processing, which, like sputtering and "PECVD", is conventional and known to a person skilled in the art and therefore its operation is not described.
- the substrate (2) constituted by an oxidized silicon wafer (figure 4A)
- a platinum film (9) is deposited using the Sputtering DC technique, and the resin (8) is removed and the material deposited on the resin (8) by means of a "lift-off" lithography process, thus obtaining the counter electrode (7), the pads (7.1, 6.1, 1.1) and the tracks (7.2, 6.2, 1.2).
- the geometry of the working electrode (6) is defined below by another photolithographic process, a gold film (10) is deposited using the RF Sputtering technique, and It does a "lift-off" process to remove the resin (8) and the gold deposited on it. ( Figures 4D and 4E).
- an intermediate chromium layer can be used to improve the adhesion between the deposited films (3, 9, 10) and the substrate (2).
- a layer of silicon dioxide (11) is deposited by means of "PECVD", which is chemically attacked on the working electrode (6), on the counter electrode (7) , and in the reference pseudo-electrode (1).
- PECVD chemically attacked on the working electrode (6), on the counter electrode (7) , and in the reference pseudo-electrode (1).
- the other parts are protected from attack with a photoresist resin (8) that has been previously deposited by a photolithographic process and that is eliminated by a "lift-off" process after the chemical attack ( Figures 4H, 41 and 4J).
- the developed microdevices have been characterized in a 25 mM solution of potassium ferrocyanide (K3Fe (CN) 6) using the silver TRFE and a commercial reference electrode of the Ag / AgCl type.
- K3Fe (CN) 6 potassium ferrocyanide
- the results obtained are shown in Figure 5, where it can be seen that the cyclic voltamogram obtained on average of six microdevices measured with the developed TFRE (X) and the cyclic voltamogram of the commercial reference electrode of Ag / AgCl (Y), the which have almost the same shape, showing a well-defined oxidation-reduction corresponding to the redox pair of potassium ferricyanide / ferrocyanide.
- Epa Ag TFRE 205 ⁇ 3 mV
- Epa Ag / Agci RE 286 ⁇ 1 mV
- These variations in the potentials could be due to the sputtering process, in which the thickness of the silver layer can vary from one side of the wafer to the other in a range of 1 meter at 850 nm.
- Figure 6 shows the average values and standard deviations of 5 microdevices that have been measured during this period of time, the intensity of The current peaks (I pa ) are shown by the dotted line and the potential (Epa) by the continuous line. As can be seen, the response obtained during the sample time period remains almost linear:
- the following table shows the average potential value (Epa), the average current peak value (Ipa) and the maximum difference obtained in the potential peak and current peak values of each electrode.
- the maximum difference in the potential peak and current peak is 14 mV and 0.80 ⁇ , respectively, and in the best case 5 mV and 0.31 ⁇ (chip 3).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10827937.3A EP2498082A4 (en) | 2009-11-05 | 2010-10-15 | PSEUDO-ELECTRODE REFERENCE OF THIN LAYER AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
US13/504,999 US20120211363A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 | 2010-10-15 | Thin-film pseudo-reference electrode and method for the production thereof |
CN2010800497921A CN102639994A (zh) | 2009-11-05 | 2010-10-15 | 薄膜伪参比电极及其制备方法 |
BR112012010367A BR112012010367A2 (pt) | 2009-11-05 | 2010-10-15 | pseudoeletrodo de referência de película fina e método de produção do mesmo |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ESP200902118 | 2009-11-05 | ||
ES200902118A ES2358938B1 (es) | 2009-11-05 | 2009-11-05 | Pseudo-electrodo de referencia de película delgada y procedimiento para su fabricación. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2011054982A1 true WO2011054982A1 (es) | 2011-05-12 |
Family
ID=43920176
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2010/000418 WO2011054982A1 (es) | 2009-11-05 | 2010-10-15 | Pseudo-electrodo de referencia de película delgada y procedimiento para su fabricación |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120211363A1 (es) |
EP (1) | EP2498082A4 (es) |
CN (1) | CN102639994A (es) |
BR (1) | BR112012010367A2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2358938B1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2011054982A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3308152B1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2019-07-24 | Roche Diagnostics GmbH | Method for electrochemically detecting at least one analyte in a sample of a body fluid |
CN106018527B (zh) * | 2016-05-17 | 2019-01-08 | 西安电子科技大学 | 具有集成式固态薄膜Pt参比电极的GaN生物传感器及制作方法 |
CN113109408A (zh) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 海南师范大学 | 一种基于芯片电极检测酶浓度的便携式掌上电化学传感器及其制备方法和检测方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4933048A (en) | 1988-02-16 | 1990-06-12 | I-Stat Corporation | Reference electrode, method of making and method of using same |
CN101216451A (zh) | 2008-01-18 | 2008-07-09 | 华东理工大学 | 一种dna生物传感器电极的制作方法及其应用 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3158948B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-22 | 2001-04-23 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲット |
GB2322707B (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 2000-07-12 | Mercury Diagnostics Inc | Electrochemical test device and related methods |
US5958791A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1999-09-28 | Innovative Biotechnologies, Inc. | Interdigitated electrode arrays for liposome-enhanced immunoassay and test device |
JP2001004581A (ja) * | 1999-06-24 | 2001-01-12 | Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Incubation Center:Kk | 微小参照電極 |
CN101216448A (zh) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-07-09 | 浙江大学 | 基于钯-银丝状电极的氢气传感器 |
-
2009
- 2009-11-05 ES ES200902118A patent/ES2358938B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-10-15 WO PCT/ES2010/000418 patent/WO2011054982A1/es active Application Filing
- 2010-10-15 US US13/504,999 patent/US20120211363A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-10-15 BR BR112012010367A patent/BR112012010367A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-10-15 CN CN2010800497921A patent/CN102639994A/zh active Pending
- 2010-10-15 EP EP10827937.3A patent/EP2498082A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4933048A (en) | 1988-02-16 | 1990-06-12 | I-Stat Corporation | Reference electrode, method of making and method of using same |
CN101216451A (zh) | 2008-01-18 | 2008-07-09 | 华东理工大学 | 一种dna生物传感器电极的制作方法及其应用 |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2358938A1 (es) | 2011-05-17 |
US20120211363A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
CN102639994A (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2498082A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
EP2498082A4 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
ES2358938B1 (es) | 2011-12-30 |
BR112012010367A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
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