WO2011054278A1 - 一种红外触摸屏装置及其多点定位方法 - Google Patents

一种红外触摸屏装置及其多点定位方法 Download PDF

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WO2011054278A1
WO2011054278A1 PCT/CN2010/078314 CN2010078314W WO2011054278A1 WO 2011054278 A1 WO2011054278 A1 WO 2011054278A1 CN 2010078314 W CN2010078314 W CN 2010078314W WO 2011054278 A1 WO2011054278 A1 WO 2011054278A1
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touch
infrared
axis
touch screen
brightness
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PCT/CN2010/078314
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵磊
张宇明
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上海精研电子科技有限公司
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Priority to US13/508,125 priority Critical patent/US20120218230A1/en
Publication of WO2011054278A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011054278A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/042Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means
    • G06F3/0421Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by opto-electronic means by interrupting or reflecting a light beam, e.g. optical touch-screen
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04104Multi-touch detection in digitiser, i.e. details about the simultaneous detection of a plurality of touching locations, e.g. multiple fingers or pen and finger

Definitions

  • Infrared touch screen device and multi-point positioning method thereof The present application claims to be submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on November 5, 2009, the application number is 200910198341.3, and the invention name is "an infrared touch screen device and its multi-point positioning method" Chinese patent Priority of the application, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to a touch screen, and more particularly to an infrared touch screen device for distinguishing a plurality of touch points and capable of simultaneously operating, and a multi-touch positioning method thereof.
  • Infrared touch screens have been rapidly developed as an interactive device with a simple production process and low production cost.
  • the basic structure of the infrared touch screen is to install a plurality of pairs of infrared emitting and infrared receiving elements in a certain order on four sides of a display surface.
  • the transmitting and infrared receiving components form a transmitting and receiving pair in a corresponding manner, and form a mutually perpendicular transmitting and receiving array along the edge of the display surface, and respectively switch each pair of infrared emitting in a certain order under the control of the computer system.
  • an infrared receiving component that detects whether infrared rays between each pair of infrared emitting and infrared receiving elements are blocked, thereby determining whether a touch event occurs.
  • Patent 5,162,783 and in many domestic patents.
  • the light forms a grid structure on the display surface, and when the touch is detected, the position of the grid node where the touch occurs is determined to calculate the position coordinate of the touch event.
  • This touch detection mode allows existing infrared touches to detect only one set of position coordinate data for a given period of time, so when there is only one touch point, the touch screen can work normally, when two or more touch points are simultaneously operated , the system will calculate the wrong position coordinates, resulting in the reported touch position is not the actual position. For the above reasons, the existing infrared touch screen technology will fail in some situations where multi-touch is required.
  • the tracking algorithm recognizes multiple touch points, but for a touch point moving at the same time, and a plurality of points are fast, there is a cross movement, the false recognition rate is high, and the practical effect is poor.
  • the Chinese patent number CN20071 01 0001 0. 2 discloses a method of using off-axis, that is, oblique axis scanning, to eliminate false touch points. It uses different methods to process each axis, and the logic is complicated, and its mathematical model is supported. The increase in the number of points becomes complicated, and the actual effect is not good.
  • it is necessary to provide an algorithm which is simple and has a sufficient mathematical model, and is independent of the number of supported points, and the structure using the algorithm is very necessary.
  • Touch screen device The circuit structure of an infrared touch screen of the present invention has the following characteristics as compared with the conventional infrared touch screen circuit:
  • the emission angle of the infrared emitting element used and the receiving angle of the receiving element are relatively large, which is quite different from the single point screen in pursuit of energy as much as possible.
  • An infrared emitting element whose signal can be detected by a plurality of infrared receiving elements within an emission angle range.
  • an infrared receiving element can also detect signals of a plurality of infrared emitting elements within a range of receiving angles thereof.
  • any transmitting component within the angular range can be collected to receive the signal of the component pair.
  • All the transmitting elements of the angle - the data of the receiving component - is called an axis scan data.
  • the facing transmitting component of the conventional touch screen - the scanning data of the receiving component - is a special angle of the axis scan data, which can be called 0 degrees Axis scan data of direction, or straight-axis data; 5.
  • the touch screen needs to meet a certain frame rate. The industry generally considers 50 frames, and because of the multi-angle axis scan, the scanned transmitting components are received one by one.
  • the number of component groups is higher Several times to several tens of times of the single-point screen, the sampling processing time of each pair of transmitting elements and one receiving element group is compressed.
  • the method is to process multiple sets of analog signal processing circuits in parallel, and multiple AD parallel or Pipeline acquisition, or use the receiving lamp to always supply power or group power supply method; VI, due to the complex switching logic of the transmitting or receiving components, in order to avoid the scanning speed is reduced due to frequent transmission of the addressing request data, using programmable devices (FPGA / CPLD, etc.)
  • the way in which the switching logic is preset reduces the addressing request to a simple combination of clock and enable signals.
  • the multi-touch positioning method mainly includes the following steps:
  • each axis scan data is processed by ambient light, normalization, etc., to generate touch information logical data representing the axis, such as: start touch position 1, width 1, start touch position 2 , width 2... start touch position N, width N; or start position 1, end position 1, start position 2, end position 2... start position N, end position N; or other equivalent format representing these logical information;
  • touch information logical data representing the axis, such as: start touch position 1, width 1, start touch position 2 , width 2... start touch position N, width N; or start position 1, end position 1, start position 2, end position 2... start position N, end position N; or other equivalent format representing these logical information
  • Use the logical data set of the axis generated in step 3 (axis angle, start touch position, width).
  • the information of the color block blobs in different frames can be obtained, and the image tracking algorithm is used to generate a multi-point event, such as pressing (Down ), lift (UP), and move (MOVE);
  • a multi-point event such as pressing (Down ), lift (UP), and move (MOVE);
  • the present invention is a general-purpose algorithm, and the algorithm does not limit the number of points supported; 2.
  • the present invention handles all axial sweeps using a simple method. Information, logic is simple, easy to implement hardware force mouth speed; Third, the method of the invention, the touch point position calculation is convenient, accurate and reliable; Fourth, the brightness map drawn by the invention is a logical concept. Through this concept, the multi-point algorithm of the infrared touch screen is virtualized into a gray-scale camera, and then the mature image recognition algorithm can be fully utilized to process multi-point data, which is a breakthrough in the infrared multi-touch method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting element detected by a plurality of receiving elements according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a receiving element receiving a plurality of transmitting elements according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 is a schematic diagram of an accelerated processing method taken on a circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of three point touches according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical touch luminance generated by FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of updating luminance according to an axis scanning logical data group according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting element detected by a plurality of receiving elements according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a receiving element receiving a plurality of transmitting elements according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 is a schematic diagram of an accelerated processing method
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of processing all the axes in the case of FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of generating a touch area according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 and FIG. 5
  • FIG. 10 is a view of a pair of edges X and Y according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of determining a touch point, pressing, lifting, and moving according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of determining a touch point, pressing, lifting, and moving according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting element received by a plurality of receiving elements in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 101 is a transmitting circuit board on which an infrared emitting element is mounted
  • 102 is a receiving circuit board on which an infrared receiving element is mounted
  • 111 is an infrared emitting element mounted on an infrared emitting circuit board, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125
  • 131, 132 indicate the emission range of the infrared emitting element 111, which is received by 121, 122, 123, 124, 125 as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a receiving lamp receiving a plurality of transmitting lamps according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 201 is a transmitting circuit board on which an infrared emitting element is mounted, 202 is a receiving circuit board on which an infrared receiving element is mounted, and 221 is mounted on a receiving circuit.
  • the infrared receiving elements, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215 are infrared emitting elements mounted on the infrared emitting circuit board.
  • 231, 232 indicate the receiving range of the infrared receiving element 221, and as shown in Fig. 2, 221 receives the transmitted signals in the range of 211, 212, 213, 214, 215.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an acceleration processing method adopted on a circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 301 is an infrared receiving component, one end of which is connected to a common VCC, and the other end of which is connected to an input terminal of the analog switch 302 and a sampling resistor 303, and the other end of the sampling resistor 303 is grounded.
  • the 302 is an array of analog switches. Although a separate signal conditioning and sampling circuit is provided for each infrared receiving component, the best performance can be obtained, but in consideration of cost performance, it is necessary to pass 302, using less parallel signal conditioning and sampling circuits. .
  • the 305 illustrates a modular conversion array that can speed up data by means of multiple sampling chips, or a single sampling chip pipeline, or a combination of both.
  • 4 to 8 are an example of a specific implementation of the algorithm of the present invention, and the processing of the multipoint algorithm is specifically illustrated by this example.
  • 4 is a schematic diagram of three point touches according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 401, 402, 403 are three touch points, and 403 is smaller than 401 and 402.
  • 421, 423, 425 are the scanning axes used in the examples.
  • Figure 1, Figure 2 shows the limit scan range. In fact, to reduce the processing time and increase the frame rate, it is often only representative to select the axes of several angles.
  • three axes 421, 423, 425 are used. The angles are 422, 424, and 426, respectively.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the theoretical touch luminance generated by FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention. It expresses the scan areas of the axes, 421, 423, 425 shown in Figure 4.
  • the area sandwiched by 511 and 512 is the scanning coverage area of the axis 421, and the area sandwiched by 521 and 522 is the scanning coverage area of the axis 425.
  • the axis 423 is a straight axis that covers all touch screen areas. According to the overlap of the scanning coverage area, calculate the brightness that should be achieved when the touch of each area is reached, and use a number similar to 501 to express the theoretical touch. Brightness map. The following describes how to generate an actual luminance map of a frame based on the axis scan logic data.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the brightness of initialization of each frame processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of updating luminance according to an axis scan logical data group according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 711, 712, 71 3 express a logical data group of an axis, which is composed of 71 3-axis angle, 71 1 touch start position, touch width corresponding to 712, and three data, using data of 711, 712, 71 3 , a parallel quadrilateral touch coverage area of 711-714-716-715 can be obtained.
  • the brightness of the corresponding pixel of the actual luminance map in this coverage area is incremented by one.
  • FIG. 701, 702, 703 are the brightness values of the respective closed areas after the processing of the axis, and the brightness in the area of 711-714-716-715 is self-added.
  • FIG. 8 is processed in the case of FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a number like 801 in the figure indicates the brightness in the enclosed area.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the generation of a touch area in comparison with Figures 8 and 5 of an embodiment of the present invention. Comparing each pixel of FIGS. 8 and 5, if the values are the same, it is a touch area.
  • 901, 902, and 903 are detected touch regions.
  • FIG. 10 shows the case where X, and Y are simultaneously considered in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown, 1001, 1002, and 1003 are the three axes of X.
  • 1004, 1005 are the two axes of Y. Considering the two sets of opposite sides X and Y, it is similar to the processing of Figures 4-9. Only the number of axes involved in processing has increased. In fact, for screens of, for example, less than 200 inches, usually multiple axes in the X and Y directions are involved in the scan to obtain the highest accuracy and better recognition accuracy. For the Y-axis distance is large, the Y-axis data is due to The case where the signal-to-noise ratio is too small to be distinguished, or the Y-axis cannot be installed due to other special requirements. Multi-point or single-point information can be processed using only the X-axis. In the case where the X-axis distance is too large, multi-point and single-point information can be processed using only the Y-axis.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of color block Blob information processed after frame data scanning according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of touch area color block information of the next frame of FIG. 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and 1202 and 1221 represent positions of two points of the previous frame.
  • the tracking algorithm it is confirmed that 1201 is the position of 1202 in the current frame, thereby generating a mobile (MOVE) event.
  • 1211 did not find a corresponding point in the previous frame, resulting in a press (DOWN) event.
  • 1221 does not find a corresponding point in this frame, resulting in an up (UP) event.
  • the tracking algorithm is generally calculated by distance relationship, and can refer to image processing related knowledge.

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Description

一种红外触摸屏装置及其多点定位方法 本申请要求于 2009 年 11 月 5 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200910198341.3、 发明名称为 "一种红外触摸屏装置及其多点定位方法 "的中 国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域 本发明涉及一种触摸屏, 特别涉及一种用以区分多个触摸点, 并可同时 操作的红外线触摸屏装置及其多点触摸定位方法。 背景技术 红外触摸屏作为一种生产工艺简单、生产成本较低的交互设备得到了较快 的发展。红外触摸屏的基本结构是在一个显示表面四边按照一定的顺序安装若 干对红外发射和红外接收元件。这些发射和红外接收元件按照——对应的方式 组成发射接收对, 沿着显示表面的边缘构成一个互相垂直的发射接收阵列, 在 计算机系统的控制下按照一定的顺序分别接通每一对红外发射和红外接收元 件,检测每一对红外发射与红外接收元件之间的红外光线是否被阻断, 以此来 判定是否有触摸事件发生。 详细的原理在美国专利 US5162783从及国内许多专 利中都有描述。 现有的红外触摸屏系统, 光线在显示表面构成栅格结构, 检测到触摸时, 确定触摸发生的栅格节点位置就可以计算出触摸事件发生的位置坐标。这种触 摸检测模式使得现有的红外触摸在给定的时段内, 只能检测一组位置坐标数 据, 因此当只有一个触摸点时, 触摸屏可以正常工作, 对于两个或以上触摸点 同时操作时, 系统将计算错误的位置坐标, 导致报告的触摸位置不是实际的位 置。 由于上述原因,现有的红外触摸屏技术在一些需要使用多点触摸的场合就 会失效。目前已经有一些解决的方法例如通过检侧触摸事件发生的先后顺序结 合追踪算法来识别多个触摸点, 但对于同时移动的触摸点, 和多个点快速, 有 交叉的移动等情况下, 误识别率很高, 实用效果差。 号码为 CN20071 01 0001 0. 2的中国专利, 公开了一种使用离轴, 也就是斜 轴扫描, 剔除虚假触摸点的方法, 其使用不同的方式处理各个轴, 逻辑复 杂, 其数学模型随支持的点数增加变得复杂, 实际效果也不好。 鉴于目前红外屏系统存在的上述不足,提供一种可以简单的,有充分数学模型 依据的, 与所支持点数无关的算法, 和使用这个算法的结构显得十分必要。
发明内容 本发明的目的在于提供了一种用于红外触摸屏系统,可识别两个或两个以 上的触摸操作, 有充分数学模型依据的, 与所支持点数无关的算法, 和使用这 个算法的的触摸屏装置。 本发明的一种红外触摸屏的电路结构,相对于普通的红外触摸屏电路,有 如下特点:
一、使用的红外发射元件的发射角度和接收元件接收角度比较大, 这个与 单点屏追求能量尽可能汇聚有很大区别。 二、一个红外发射元件, 其信号可被处于发射角范围内的多个红外接收元 件检测到, 同理一个红外接收元件, 也可检测在其接收角度范围内的, 多个红 外发射元件的信号; 三、极限情况下, 可采集角度范围内的任意发射元件一一接收元件对的信 号, 实际上为了减少处理时间, 提高帧率, 只选取部分代表性的角度做采集 和处理; 四、 相同角度的所有的发射元件一一接收元件的数据称为一个轴扫描数 据,传统的触摸屏的正对的发射元件一一接收元件的扫描数据,是一个特殊角 度的轴扫描数据, 可称为 0度方向的轴扫描数据, 或直轴数据; 五、 为保证用户体验, 触摸屏需满足一定的帧率, 业界通常认为 50帧, 而由于要进行多个角度的轴扫描, 扫描的发射元件一一接收元件组的数目较 单点屏的几倍到几十倍, 每对发射元件一接收元件组的采样处理时间被压缩, 为加快采样过程, 采取的方法是, 多套模拟信号处理电路并行处理, 多个 AD 并行或流水线采集, 或者采用接收灯一直供电或分组供电方法; 六、 由于发射或接收元件切换逻辑复杂, 为避免因频繁传输寻址请求数据 而导致扫描速度减低, 采用可编程器件( FPGA/CPLD等)预置切换逻辑的方式 将寻址请求减低为简单的时钟信号和使能信号的组合。
对应上述电路结构变化, 下面介绍本发明实现多点触摸定位方法。 为方便后面的说明,先定义亮度的概念。 本文的亮度是一个逻辑的概念, 其数值为通过该像素点的扫描轴数。 实际亮度图, 表示当前帧的所有像素实 际通过的扫描数。 理论亮度图, 表示这个像素如果为按下的触摸状态是理论 上应该通过的轴数。 当一个像素点通过的实际扫描轴数与触摸是理论应该通 过的轴数相同时, 这个像素点对应的触摸屏区域, 就有触摸发生。 多点触摸定位方法的主要包括以下步骤:
一、 预先确定扫描的轴数和相应的角度, 初始化硬件; 二、创建一张与触摸屏数据分辨率相同的图像, 并初始化每个像素的亮度 为零; 三、 在一个扫描周期内, 依次进行不同角度的轴扫描, 每个轴扫描数据 经去环境光, 归一化等数据处理, 生成表示这个轴的触摸信息逻辑数据, 其表 达形式例如: 开始触摸位置 1 , 宽度 1 , 开始触摸位置 2 , 宽度 2…开始触摸位置 N , 宽度 N; 或 开始位置 1 , 结束位置 1 , 开始位置 2 , 结束位置 2…开始位置 N , 结 束位置 N; 或其他等效表示这些逻辑信息的格式; 四、 使用步骤三生成的轴的逻辑数据组(轴角度, 开始触摸位置, 宽度) 在在步骤二创建的的图上找到对应的平行四边形区域,该区域覆盖到的范围内 的像素点亮度都加一, 依次处理完所有触摸逻辑数据组, 生成实际亮度图; 五、理论计算每个像素点位置在有触摸的情况下的亮度值, 生成理论触摸 亮度图; 六、 比对步骤四和步骤五的亮度表, 就可确定触摸的区域。 结合图像处 理的方法, 得到色块 b lob信息; 七、 重复二至六的步骤, 可得到不同帧下色块 blob的信息, 配合图像追 踪的算法, 产生多点的事件, 如按下 (Down ) 、 抬起 (UP)、 和移动(MOVE) ; 需要特别说明的是, 以上只是说明了一个基本的步骤, 实际过程中由于 优化处理, 各步骤的顺序可以有所不同, 步骤的数量可以增加和减少, 计算得 方式可以变换, 比如变加法为减法等, 另一方面为提高处理速度, 可包实际亮 度图和理论亮度图等比例缩小。 这些变换都是上述原理的等价变换。
与现行红外多点技术相比, 本发明的优点和有益的效果: 一、 本发明是一种通用的算法, 算法没有限制支持的点数; 二、 本发明使用简易的方法处理了所有轴扫的信息, 逻辑简单, 易于实现 硬件力口速; 三、 本发明方法, 触摸点位置计算方便, 准确, 可靠; 四、 本发明绘制的亮度图是一个逻辑的概念。 通过这个概念, 包红外触摸 屏的多点算法,虚拟成一个灰度的摄像头, 而后可充分利用成熟的图像识别的 算法处理多点数据, 是红外多点触摸方法思维上的突破。
附图说明 图 1 为本发明实施例的发射元件被多个接收元件检测的示意图; 图 2 为本发明实施例接收元件接收多个发射元件的示意图; 图 3 为本发明实施例电路上采取的加快处理方法的示意图; 图 4 为本发明实施例三个点触摸的示意图; 图 5 为根据本发明实施例图 4生成的理论触摸亮度示意图; 图 6 为本发明实施例每一帧处理初始化的亮度的示意图; 图 7 为本发明实施例根据一个轴扫描逻辑数据组更新亮度的示意图; 图 8 为本发明实施例图 4的情况下处理完所有轴扫描逻辑数据后的亮度 的示意图; 图 9 为对比本发明实施例子图 8和图 5, 生成触摸区域的示意图; 图 10 为本发明实施例同时考虑组对边 X、 Y情况; 图 11 为本发明实施例一帧数据扫描后处理的色块 Blob信息的示意图; 图 12 为本发明实施例判断触摸点, 按下, 抬起, 移动的示意图。
具体实施方式 图 1为本发明具体实施例的发射元件被多个接收元件接收的示意图。 图 中 101是安装有红外发射元件的发射电路板, 102是安装有红外接收元件的接 收电路板, 111是安装在红外发射电路板上的红外发射元件, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125都是安装在红外接收电路板上的红外接收元件。 131, 132表示了 红外发射元件 111的发射范围, 如图 1所示 111可被 121, 122, 123, 124, 125 接收到。 图 2 为本发明具体实施例接收灯接收多个发射灯的示意图, 图中 201是 安装有红外发射元件的发射电路板, 202 是安装有红外接收元件的接收电路 板, 221是安装在接收电路的红外接收元件, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215 为安装在红外发射电路板上的红外发射元件。 231, 232表示了红外接收元件 221的接收范围, 如图 2所示 221接收 211, 212, 213, 214, 215范围的 发射信号。 图 1、 图 2里的接收或发射的范围, 是以发射元件或接收元件规格说明书 上的角度参数参考, 以处理电路实际可以区分发射信号和干扰信号的信噪比 能力而确定, 就是说,存在实际上比说明书给出角度范围更大的场合, 并且这 个角度与发射元件接收元件的安装方式有密切关系。 图 3为本发明实施例电路上采取的加速处理方法的示意图。 301 为红外 接收元件, 它一端连接到公共的 VCC, 另一端通分别与接模拟开关 302的输 入端和采样电阻 303连接, 采样电阻 303的另一端接地。 302为模拟开关的 阵列, 虽然为每个红外接收元件单独配一个信号调理和采样电路, 可以获得 最好的性能, 但考虑到性价比, 需要通过 302 , 使用较少对并行的信号调理 和采样电路。 305 示意了模算转换阵列, 它可以通过多个采样芯片, 或单个 采样芯片的流水线, 或两者兼有的方式, 加快数据速度。
图 4到图 8 是本发明算法的一个具体实施的一个例子, 通过这个例子具 体说明了多点算法的处理过程。 图 4为本发明实施例三个点触摸的示意图。 401 , 402 , 403就是三个 触摸点, 403比 401 , 402要小。 421 , 423 , 425为实施例所使用的扫描轴。 图 1 , 图 2 , 显示了极限的扫描范围, 实际上为减少处理时间, 提高帧率, 往往只代表性的选取若干角度的轴, 图 4中, 使用了三根轴 421 , 423 , 425 , 其角度分别为, 422 , 424 , 426。 431 , 432和 433 , 434 时表示了轴 425 逻辑的触摸信息数据实例, 431表示一个触摸的起始点的位置, 432为其触摸 点的宽度; 433为另一个触摸的起始点的位置, 434为其宽度。 轴 421 , 423的逻辑化与 425的方式相同。 点 401 , 402被三根轴通过, 点 403只有 两根轴, 其原因是点 403的位置不在轴 425覆盖的范围内。 图 5为根据本发明实施例图 4生成的理论触摸亮度示意图。 它表达了图 4 所示的轴, 421 , 423 , 425的扫描区域。 511与 512所夹区域为轴 421的扫描 覆盖区域, 521与 522所夹区域为轴 425的扫描覆盖区域。 轴 423为直轴, 可覆盖所有触摸屏区域。 根据扫描覆盖区域的重叠情况, 计算各个区域的触 摸时理论应达到的亮度, 用类似 501的数字表示出来, 这就得到了理论触摸 亮度图。 下面说明如何根据轴扫描逻辑数据, 生成一帧的实际亮度图。 图 6 为本发明实施例每一帧处理初始化的亮度的示意图 在没有处理轴数据前, 实际亮度图的各个像素点亮度的都被初始化为 0 , 如 601所示。 图 7 为本发明实施例根据一个轴扫描逻辑数据组更新亮度的示意图。 711、 712、 71 3表达了 一个轴的逻辑数据组, 它由 71 3轴角度, 71 1触摸起 始位置, 712所对应的触摸宽度, 三个数据组成, 使用 711、 712、 71 3的数 据, 可以得到 711— 714— 716—715的平行四边形的触摸覆盖区域。 在这个覆 盖区域里的实际亮度图的相对应像素点的亮度自加 1。 701、 702、 703是这根 轴处理后, 各个封闭区域的亮度值, 711—714—716—715区域内的亮度都自 加了 1. 图 8 为本发明实施例图 4的情况下处理完所有轴扫描逻辑数据后的亮度 的示意图, 图中类似 801的数字表示其所在封闭区域中的亮度。 图 9 为对比本发明实施例子图 8和图 5 , 生成触摸区域的示意图。 比较图 8和图 5的每个像素, 如果值相同, 则为触摸区域。 901、 902、 903为检测到的触摸区域。 比较图 9和图 4 ,发现检测点和真实点的包络有所区别,随着轴数的增加。 包络将越来越接近。 需要特别指出的对于 1HJ多边形的区域。 其还原结果会有 较大区别。 图 10 为本发明实施例同时考虑 X,和 Y的情况。 如图所示, 1001 , 1002 , 1003为 X的三才艮轴。
1004 , 1005为 Y的两个轴。 同时考虑两组对边 X、 Y的情况, 与图 4- 图 9的处理类似。 只不过参与处理的轴数增加而已。 实际上对于例如小于 200寸的屏, 通常 X , Y方向的多个轴参与扫描, 以 获得最高的精度, 和较好的识别准确性。 对于 Y轴距离很大, Y轴的数据因 信噪比太小无法辨别的场合, 或由于其他特殊要求不能安装 Y轴的情况。 可 仅使用 X轴来处理多点或单点信息。 同理 X轴距离太大的场合, 也可仅使用 Y轴处理多点和单点信息。
下面举例说明一下触摸的区域到触摸事件消息的转化关系。 图 1 1 为本发明实施例一帧数据扫描后处理的色块 Blob信息的示意图。 图 12 为本发明实施例图 11下一帧的触摸区域色块信息的示意图, 1202 , 1221表示上一帧两个点的位置。 根据追踪算法确认 1201是 1202在本帧的位 置,从而产生一个移动(MOVE )的事件。 1211在上帧没有找到对应的点, 从 而产生一个按下(DOWN )的事件。 1221没有在本帧找到相应的点, 从而产生 一个抬起 (UP)的事件。 追踪算法一般通过距离关系计算, 可参考图像处理有 关知识。
以上所述仅仅是本发明的一个实施的例子,本领域中的技术人员任何基于 本发明技术方案上的非实质性变更均包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种红外线触摸屏装置, 其特征在于: 使用大角度的红外发射和接收 元件, 实现多个不同角度的轴扫描,轴扫描原始数据经去环境光、规一化处理, 生成逻辑的轴触摸数据, 然后据此生成当前帧的亮度图, 再通过比对理论触 摸亮度图, 从而确定多个有效的触摸区域。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的一种红外触摸屏装置, 其特征在于: 具有多套并 行模拟信号处理装置
3. 如权利要求 1所述的一种红外触摸屏装置, 其特征在于: 具有多个并 行的 AD或 AD的流水线。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的一种红外触摸屏装置, 其特征在于: 红外接收元 件的一直保持供电或成组的供电。
5. 一种红外屏的多点触摸定位方法, 其特征在于包括如下步骤:
1 )预先确定扫描的轴数, 和相应的角度, 初始化硬件。
2 )创建一张与触摸屏分辨率和触摸屏物理尺寸相关的图像, 将每个像素 的亮度初始化为零。
3 )在一个扫描周期(一帧) 内, 依次进行不同角度的轴扫描, 每个轴扫 描的原始模拟数据, 经去环境光, 归一化数据处理, 生成表示这个轴的触摸 信息的逻辑数据, 其格式如: 开始触摸位置 1 , 宽度 1 , 开始触摸位置 2 , 宽度 2…开始触摸位置 N , 宽度 N; 或 开始位置 1 , 结束位置 1 , 开始位置 2 , 结束位置 2…开始位置 N , 结 束位置 N; 或其他等效表示格式。
4 )使用步骤 3 )生成的轴的逻辑数据组(轴角度, 开始触摸位置, 宽度) 在在步骤 2 )创建的的图上找到对应的平行四边形区域, 该区域覆盖到的范围 内的像素点亮度都加一, 依次处理完所有触摸逻辑数据组, 生成实际亮度图。 5 )理论计算每个像素点在有触摸的情况下的亮度值, 生成理论触摸亮度 图。
6 )比对步骤 4 )和步骤 5 )的亮度图, 亮度相同的区域就是触摸发生的区 域。
6. 如权利要求 4所述的红外触摸屏多点触摸定位方法, 其特征在于: 使 用图像处理的方法, 得到得到色块 blob信息, 配合图像追踪的算法, 产生多 点的事件。
7. 如权利要求 5所述的红外触摸屏多点定位方法, 其特征在于: 即使单 对边安装发射和接受元件电路板组时, 也可确定多个有效的触摸区域。
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