WO2011052216A1 - Procédé et dispositif de codage d'image, procédé et dispositif de décodage d'image - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de codage d'image, procédé et dispositif de décodage d'image Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011052216A1
WO2011052216A1 PCT/JP2010/006384 JP2010006384W WO2011052216A1 WO 2011052216 A1 WO2011052216 A1 WO 2011052216A1 JP 2010006384 W JP2010006384 W JP 2010006384W WO 2011052216 A1 WO2011052216 A1 WO 2011052216A1
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quantization
matrix
block
unit
image
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PCT/JP2010/006384
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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チョン スーン リム
陽司 柴原
西　孝啓
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パナソニック株式会社
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/124—Quantisation
    • H04N19/126—Details of normalisation or weighting functions, e.g. normalisation matrices or variable uniform quantisers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image encoding method for encoding an image for each block and an image decoding method for decoding an image for each block.
  • quantization is an important step in compressing data by removing some information in the image or video. Quantization is typically performed in the transform domain so that the image or data can be more appropriately compressed by losing information in the quantization process.
  • the quantization process can be controlled by quantization parameters.
  • the quantization parameter is a value indicating the degree of quantization. At this time, if the value of the quantization parameter is large, the amount of compression increases, and more information is lost. And vice versa.
  • the quantization parameter is typically determined by the amount of data generated by encoding.
  • quantized scaling values also simply called scaling values
  • quantization offset values also simply called offset values. Some can control the quantization process.
  • the quantization scaling value is also a value indicating the degree of quantization. By multiplying the quantization scaling value by the quantization parameter, a new degree of quantization is obtained.
  • the quantization offset value is a value for adjusting the quantization value or the inverse quantization value.
  • AbsCoeff ((abs (QuantizedCoeff) ⁇ 7) -OffsetValue) * LevelScale * ScaleValue >> QShift
  • LevelScale and QShift are controlled by quantization parameters
  • ScaleValue is a quantization scaling value
  • OffsetValue is a quantization offset value used for inverse quantization processing.
  • the positive quantization offset value means that a positive value is subtracted from the value obtained as a result of the inverse quantization process.
  • quantization scaling values and quantization offset values can be set. These values thus constitute a quantized scaling matrix (also referred to simply as scaling matrix) and a quantized offset matrix (also referred to simply as offset matrix).
  • quantized scaling matrix also referred to simply as scaling matrix
  • quantized offset matrix also referred to simply as offset matrix
  • One value of the quantization scaling matrix and one value of the quantization offset matrix are used in particular for the quantization and inverse quantization of one frequency component of the transformed image data block.
  • the quantization scaling matrix is composed of scaling values for each frequency.
  • the quantization offset matrix is composed of offset values for each frequency. Note that the quantization offset matrix and the quantization scaling matrix may be simply referred to as a quantization matrix or a matrix.
  • Patent Document 1 describes an image encoding device that encodes an image using a quantization offset value.
  • the quantization scaling matrix can be encoded into either a sequence header or a picture header, and these quantization scaling matrices are Used for inverse quantization processing.
  • these quantization scaling matrices are used for inverse quantization processing.
  • One of the problems of the prior art is that the use of separate quantization offset values for the quantization process and the inverse quantization process in order to improve the accuracy of the minimum inverse quantization value increases the compression bits of the image. . In order to reduce the increase in additional bits, a larger quantization scaling value is usually required for further compression.
  • Another challenge of the prior art is the flexibility to adjust the quantization scaling matrix and quantization offset matrix used for the inverse quantization process of a picture without transmitting additional information about the adjusted matrix Is lacking.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an image encoding method that improves the encoding efficiency while suppressing deterioration of image quality.
  • an image coding apparatus is an image coding method for coding an image for each block, and converts a plurality of pixel values included in a block into a plurality of frequency coefficients.
  • the plurality of frequency coefficients are quantized using a parameter set including at least one of a step, a quantization scaling matrix determined for each block, and a quantization offset matrix determined for each block A quantization step.
  • the image encoding method further includes a writing step of writing a plurality of quantization scaling matrices corresponding to a plurality of block sizes and a plurality of quantization offset values corresponding to the plurality of block sizes in a header.
  • the first quantization offset value corresponding to the first block size among the plurality of block sizes is written as one of the plurality of quantization offset values
  • the first quantization scaling matrix corresponding to the first block size is written as one of the plurality of quantization scaling matrices, and the writing step is smaller than the first block size among the plurality of block sizes.
  • a second quantization offset value corresponding to the second block size is smaller than the first block size among the plurality of block sizes.
  • the second quantization offset value larger than the first quantization offset value is written as one of the plurality of quantization offset values, and in the writing step, the second block size corresponding to the second block size is written.
  • the quantization scaling factor corresponding to the block size Rikusu, and said plurality of quantization offset value, using the parameter set including quantization offset value corresponding to the block size of the block, a plurality of frequency coefficients may be quantized.
  • the image encoding method may further include calculating the distortion cost indicating the magnitude of distortion caused by the quantization of the plurality of frequency coefficients, or the edge included in the image.
  • a plurality of pixel values may be converted into the plurality of frequency coefficients.
  • an appropriate block size is selected according to the characteristics of the image.
  • the image encoding method is further determined by a quantization parameter determining step for determining a quantization parameter corresponding to the block, and a matrix determining step for determining the quantization scaling matrix corresponding to the block Modifying the quantization scaling matrix depending on the determined quantization parameter, thereby correcting a slope indicating a ratio of a change in the quantization scaling value to a change in the frequency in the determined quantization scaling matrix.
  • a matrix modification step wherein the quantization step includes quantizing the plurality of frequency coefficients using the modified quantization scaling matrix and the parameter set including the determined quantization parameter. Good.
  • the quantization scaling matrix may be modified so that the slope becomes steeper than.
  • the quantization parameter when the quantization parameter is large, the difference between a plurality of quantization scaling values becomes large. Therefore, the image is more appropriately encoded.
  • the image encoding method is further determined: a quantization parameter determining step for determining a quantization parameter corresponding to the block; and a matrix determining step for determining the quantization offset matrix corresponding to the block
  • a quantization parameter determining step for determining a quantization parameter corresponding to the block
  • a matrix determining step for determining the quantization offset matrix corresponding to the block
  • the quantization offset matrix may be modified so that the slope becomes steeper than.
  • the quantization parameter when the quantization parameter is large, the difference between a plurality of quantization offset values becomes large. Therefore, the image is more appropriately encoded.
  • the image encoding method may further include a first writing step of writing a first quantization offset matrix in a header, the first quantization offset matrix, and the first quantization offset matrix different from a predetermined one.
  • the image decoding method is an image decoding method for decoding an image for each block, the quantization scaling matrix determined for each block, and the quantization offset matrix determined for each block Using a parameter set including at least one of them, an inverse quantization step for inversely quantizing a plurality of frequency coefficients included in the block, and converting the plurality of inversely quantized frequency coefficients to a plurality of pixel values An inverse transformation step.
  • the image decoding method may further include a quantization parameter determining step for determining a quantization parameter corresponding to the block, a matrix determining step for determining the quantization scaling matrix corresponding to the block, and the determined A matrix for correcting a slope indicating a ratio of a change in a quantization scaling value to a change in a frequency in the determined quantization scaling matrix by correcting the quantization scaling matrix depending on the determined quantization parameter. And the step of dequantizing the plurality of frequency coefficients using the parameter set including the modified quantization scaling matrix and the determined quantization parameter. Also good.
  • the quantization scaling matrix may be modified so that the slope becomes steeper than.
  • the image decoding method may further include: a quantization parameter determining step for determining a quantization parameter corresponding to the block; a matrix determining step for determining the quantization offset matrix corresponding to the block; A matrix for correcting a slope indicating a ratio of a change in the quantization offset value to a change in the frequency in the determined quantization offset matrix by correcting the quantization offset matrix depending on the determined quantization parameter. And the step of dequantizing the plurality of frequency coefficients using the parameter set including the modified quantization offset matrix and the determined quantization parameter. Also good.
  • the quantization offset matrix may be modified so that the slope becomes steeper than.
  • the image decoding method may further include a first analysis step of obtaining a first quantization offset matrix from the header by analyzing the header, and obtaining a flag from the block header by analyzing the block header.
  • a second analysis step and when the acquired flag indicates a predetermined value, a predetermined second quantization offset matrix different from the first quantization offset matrix is determined for each block If the acquired flag does not indicate the predetermined value, the first quantization offset matrix is determined as the quantization offset matrix determined for each block.
  • a selection step of selecting, and in the inverse quantization step, Using the parameter set including the quantization offset matrix is may be inversely quantizing the plurality of frequency coefficients.
  • An image encoding apparatus is an image encoding apparatus that encodes an image for each block, the conversion unit converting a plurality of pixel values included in the block into a plurality of frequency coefficients, and the block A quantization unit that quantizes the plurality of frequency coefficients using a parameter set including at least one of a quantization scaling matrix determined for each block and a quantization offset matrix determined for each block; You may prepare.
  • the image encoding method is realized as an image encoding apparatus.
  • An image decoding apparatus is an image decoding apparatus that decodes an image for each block, the quantization scaling matrix determined for each block, and the quantization offset matrix determined for each block Using a parameter set including at least one of them, an inverse quantization unit that inversely quantizes a plurality of frequency coefficients included in the block, and converts the plurality of frequency coefficients that have been inversely quantized into a plurality of pixel values.
  • An inverse conversion unit may be provided.
  • the image encoding method is realized as an image decoding apparatus.
  • the program according to the present invention may be a program for causing a computer to execute the steps included in the image coding method.
  • the image encoding method is realized as a program.
  • the program according to the present invention may be a program for causing a computer to execute the steps included in the image decoding method.
  • the image decoding method is realized as a program.
  • An integrated circuit is an integrated circuit that encodes an image for each block.
  • the integrated circuit converts a plurality of pixel values included in the block into a plurality of frequency coefficients, and is determined for each block.
  • a quantization unit that quantizes the plurality of frequency coefficients using a parameter set including at least one of a quantization scaling matrix and a quantization offset matrix determined for each block. .
  • the image encoding method is realized as an integrated circuit.
  • An integrated circuit is an integrated circuit that decodes an image for each block, and includes a quantization scaling matrix determined for each block and a quantization offset matrix determined for each block. , Using a parameter set including at least one, an inverse quantization unit that inversely quantizes a plurality of frequency coefficients included in the block, and an inverse transform that converts the plurality of frequency coefficients that have been dequantized into a plurality of pixel values May be provided.
  • the image decoding method is realized as an integrated circuit.
  • image quality deterioration is suppressed and coding efficiency is improved.
  • FIG. 1A is a conceptual diagram illustrating a relationship between a quantization value and an inverse quantization value.
  • FIG. 1B is a conceptual diagram illustrating adjustment of an inverse quantization value by a quantization offset value.
  • FIG. 2A is a conceptual diagram illustrating a relationship between an input value and a quantized value.
  • FIG. 2B is a conceptual diagram illustrating adjustment of a quantization value by a quantization offset value.
  • FIG. 3A is a block diagram showing an image encoding device according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3B is a flowchart showing an image encoding process according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4A is a configuration diagram illustrating the image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4A is a configuration diagram illustrating the image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4B is a flowchart showing image decoding processing according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 5A is a configuration diagram illustrating a more specific example of the image encoding device according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 5B is a flowchart illustrating a more specific example of the image encoding process according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a more specific first example of the image coding apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a more specific first example of the image encoding process according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram illustrating a second more specific example of the image coding device according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a second specific example of the image encoding process according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the quantization scaling matrix and the inverse quantization value.
  • FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the quantization offset matrix and the inverse quantization value.
  • FIG. 12A is a configuration diagram illustrating an image encoding device according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 12B is a flowchart illustrating an image encoding process according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 13A is a block diagram showing an image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 13B is a flowchart showing image decoding processing according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 12A is a configuration diagram illustrating an image encoding device according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 12B is a flowchart illustrating an image encoding process according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 13A is a block diagram showing an image decoding apparatus
  • FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram illustrating a more specific example of the image encoding device according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a first specific example of the image encoding process according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a second specific example of the image encoding process according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram illustrating a more specific example of the image decoding apparatus according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a more specific first example of the image decoding process according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating a second specific example of the image decoding process according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 20A is a configuration diagram illustrating an image encoding device according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 20B is a flowchart showing an image encoding process according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 21A is a block diagram showing an image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 21B is a flowchart illustrating image decoding processing according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a bitstream according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 23 is a configuration diagram illustrating a more specific example of the image coding device according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 24 is a flowchart illustrating a more specific example of the image encoding process according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 25 is a configuration diagram illustrating a more specific example of the image decoding apparatus according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 21A is a block diagram showing an image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 21B is a flowchart illustrating image decoding processing according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a bitstream according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 26 is a flowchart illustrating a more specific example of the image decoding process according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of a content supply system that implements a content distribution service.
  • FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an appearance of a mobile phone.
  • FIG. 29 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a mobile phone.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a digital broadcasting system.
  • FIG. 31 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a television.
  • FIG. 32 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an information reproducing / recording unit that reads and writes information from and on a recording medium that is an optical disk.
  • FIG. 33 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a recording medium that is an optical disk.
  • FIG. 34 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an integrated circuit that implements the image encoding method and the image decoding method according
  • FIG. 1A is a conceptual diagram illustrating a relationship between a quantization value and an inverse quantization value.
  • the quantization scaling matrix the larger the quantization scale step (also called the quantization step size or scale step).
  • FIG. 1B is a conceptual diagram showing adjustment of an inverse quantization value by an offset value. If the offset value is a positive value, the inverse quantization value is adjusted to a smaller value. When the offset value is a negative value, the inverse quantization value is adjusted to a larger value. The adjustment amount increases as the absolute value of the offset value increases.
  • FIG. 2A is a conceptual diagram showing a relationship between an input value and a quantized value.
  • FIG. 2B is a conceptual diagram showing adjustment of a quantization value by an offset value. If the offset value is a positive value, the quantization threshold is adjusted to a smaller value. If the offset value is negative, the quantization threshold is adjusted to a larger value. The adjustment amount increases as the absolute value of the offset value increases. As a result, the greater the offset value, the smaller the possibility that the quantized value becomes zero coefficient. Also, the smaller the offset value, the greater the possibility that the quantized value will be a zero coefficient.
  • the smaller the offset value the larger the so-called dead zone and the number of zero coefficients increases. Thereby, encoding efficiency improves.
  • the image quality may deteriorate subjectively.
  • the larger the offset value the smaller the so-called dead zone and the number of zero coefficients decreases. Thereby, encoding efficiency falls.
  • the image quality may be subjectively improved.
  • the same offset value is used in quantization and inverse quantization.
  • the quantized value and the inverse quantized value are adjusted to the same extent. For example, with a large offset value, the quantization value is adjusted to be relatively large, and the inverse quantization value is adjusted to be relatively small. Conversely, the quantized value is adjusted to be relatively small with a small offset value, and the inverse quantized value is adjusted to be relatively large. As a result, the input value and the inverse quantization value are close to each other.
  • the number of zero coefficients changes depending on the magnitude of the offset value, and the subjective image quality changes. That is, the larger the offset value, the lower the encoding efficiency and the image quality may be improved.
  • offset values may be used in quantization and inverse quantization.
  • only the inverse quantization value may be adjusted by the offset value.
  • the input value information is reduced by quantization, but the image quality may be subjectively improved by adjusting the inverse quantization value to be large. Therefore, in inverse quantization, when a small offset value is used, the inverse quantization value becomes large, and the image quality may be subjectively improved.
  • the magnitude of the offset value means the magnitude of the offset value in the positive direction.
  • the negative offset value is smaller than the positive offset value regardless of the magnitude of the absolute value.
  • FIG. 3A is a configuration diagram illustrating the image encoding device according to Embodiment 1.
  • the image encoding device 2600 illustrated in FIG. 3A includes a transforming unit 2601 and a quantizing unit 2602.
  • the image encoding device 2600 encodes an image for each block.
  • FIG. 3B is a flowchart showing processing of the image encoding device 2600 shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the conversion unit 2601 converts a plurality of pixel values included in a block into a plurality of frequency coefficients (S2601).
  • the quantization unit 2602 quantizes a plurality of frequency coefficients using a parameter set determined for each block (S2602).
  • the parameter set may include a quantization scaling matrix or a quantization offset matrix.
  • FIG. 4A is a configuration diagram illustrating the image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • the image decoding device 2700 illustrated in FIG. 4A includes an inverse quantization unit 2701 and an inverse transform unit 2702.
  • the image decoding device 2700 decodes an image for each block.
  • FIG. 4B is a flowchart showing processing of the image decoding device 2700 shown in FIG. 4A.
  • the inverse quantization unit 2701 inversely quantizes a plurality of frequency coefficients included in a block using a parameter set determined for each block (S2701).
  • the inverse conversion unit 2702 converts a plurality of frequency coefficients into a plurality of pixel values (S2702).
  • FIG. 5A is a configuration diagram showing a more specific example of the image coding apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • An image encoding device 2100 illustrated in FIG. 5A includes a writing unit 2101, a size determining unit 2102, a transforming unit 2103, and a quantizing unit 2104.
  • FIG. 5B is a flowchart showing processing of the image encoding device 2100 shown in FIG. 5A.
  • the writing unit 2101 writes a plurality of quantization scaling matrices and a plurality of quantization offset values corresponding to a plurality of block sizes in the header (S2101).
  • the writing unit 2101 writes the first quantization offset value corresponding to the first block size.
  • the writing unit 2101 writes the first quantization scaling matrix corresponding to the first block size.
  • the writing unit 2101 writes a second quantization offset value corresponding to a second block size smaller than the first block size and larger than the first quantization offset value.
  • the writing unit 2101 writes a second quantization scaling matrix that is a second quantization scaling matrix corresponding to the second block size and is smaller than the first quantization scaling matrix.
  • the second quantization scaling matrix is smaller than the first quantization scaling matrix means that the plurality of scaling values included in the second quantization scaling matrix are more than the plurality of scaling values included in the first quantization scaling matrix. Also refers to being small as a whole.
  • an average value of a plurality of scaling values may be used, or a median value of the plurality of scaling values may be used. The same applies when comparing the size of the quantization offset matrix.
  • the size determining unit 2102 determines the block size (S2102). At this time, the size determining unit 2102 may calculate a distortion cost indicating the magnitude of distortion generated by quantization, and may determine the block size depending on the calculated distortion cost. Alternatively, the size determining unit 2102 may detect an edge in the image and determine the block size depending on the detected edge.
  • the conversion unit 2103 converts a plurality of pixel values included in a block formed with the determined block size into a plurality of frequency coefficients (S2103).
  • the quantization unit 2104 quantizes a plurality of frequency coefficients using a parameter set determined for each block (S2104).
  • the quantization unit 2104 uses a quantization scaling matrix corresponding to the block size as a parameter set.
  • the quantization unit 2104 uses a quantization offset value corresponding to the block size as a parameter set.
  • a large quantization scaling matrix and a small quantization offset value are applied to a large block. This increases the coding efficiency of larger blocks.
  • a small quantization scaling matrix and a large quantization offset value are applied to a small block.
  • the image quality of smaller blocks is subjectively improved.
  • the image encoding device 2100 applies a quantization scaling matrix and a quantization offset value according to the feature of such a block. Therefore, deterioration in image quality is suppressed and coding efficiency is improved.
  • FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of a more specific image encoding device according to the first embodiment. 6 includes a calculation unit 400, a writing unit 402, a distortion calculation unit 404, a transform block size selection unit 406, a subtraction unit 408, a transform unit 410, a quantization unit 412, and an inverse quantization. Unit 414, inverse transform unit 416, memory unit 418, addition unit 422, and sample prediction unit 420.
  • the subtraction unit 408, the conversion unit 410, the quantization unit 412, the inverse quantization unit 414, the inverse conversion unit 416, the memory unit 418, the addition unit 422, and the sample prediction unit 420 form a part of the image encoding device 450. .
  • the calculation unit 400 reads a parameter set D401 that includes a plurality of predefined quantization scaling matrices and a plurality of predefined offset values, and a parameter set that includes the selected plurality of quantization scaling matrices and a plurality of offset values.
  • D403 is output to the writing unit 402. Thereafter, the writing unit 402 writes the parameter set D405 including the plurality of selected quantization scaling matrices and the plurality of offset values in the picture header or the sequence header.
  • the distortion calculation unit 404 reads the image sample D409 of the block and the prediction sample D423 of the block, and outputs the cost value D408 to the transform block size selection unit 406.
  • the transform block size selection unit 406 selects the transform block size D410 from the transform block size set based on the lowest distortion cost.
  • the subtraction unit 408 obtains a non-compressed image sample D409 and a prediction sample D423 of the picture, and outputs a residual block D411. Then, the transform unit 410 transforms the residual block D411 using the selected transform block size D410, and outputs the coefficient block D413 to the quantization unit 412.
  • the quantization unit 412 reads the coefficient block D413 and the parameter set D407 including the plurality of selected quantization scaling matrices and the plurality of quantization offset values, and outputs a coded sample D415 of the picture.
  • the inverse quantization unit 414 reads the encoded sample D415, performs an inverse quantization process using the parameter set D407 including a plurality of selected quantization scaling matrices and a plurality of quantization offset values, and performs an inverse quantization coefficient D417. Is output to the inverse transform unit 416. The inverse transform unit 416 then outputs a reconstructed residual block D419. Thereafter, the adding unit 422 reads the reconstructed residual block D419 and the prediction sample D423, and outputs the reconstructed sample D425 of the picture.
  • the reconstructed sample D425 is then stored in the memory unit 418.
  • the sample prediction unit reads the reconstructed sample D421 from the memory unit 418, and outputs the prediction sample D423.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing processing of the image encoding device 450 shown in FIG.
  • the calculation unit 400 sets a smaller quantization offset value for a coefficient having a large transform block size (S200).
  • the calculation unit 400 sets a larger quantization scaling matrix for the coefficients having the same large transform block size (S202).
  • the calculation unit 400 sets a larger quantization offset value for a smaller block size (S204).
  • the calculation unit 400 sets a smaller quantization scaling matrix for a smaller transform block size (S206).
  • the writing unit 402 encodes a plurality of quantization offset values selected for a plurality of various transform sizes in the header (S208).
  • the writing unit 402 encodes a plurality of quantization scaling matrices selected for a plurality of various transform sizes in the header (S210).
  • the transform block size selection unit 406 selects a transform block size suitable for encoding the residual block from a group of transform block sizes based on the lowest distortion cost (S212).
  • the conversion unit 410 converts the residual block using the selected conversion size (S214).
  • the quantization unit 412 quantizes the transform coefficient using the corresponding quantization offset value and scaling matrix based on the selected transform block size (S216).
  • the inverse quantization unit 414 inversely quantizes the quantization coefficient using the corresponding quantization offset value and scaling matrix based on the selected transform block size (S218).
  • the inverse transform unit 416 inversely transforms the coefficients using the selected transform block size to obtain a residual (S220).
  • the adding unit 422 reconstructs the image sample by adding the prediction sample to the reconstructed residual (S222).
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a modification of the image encoding device 450 shown in FIG. 8 includes a calculation unit 500, a writing unit 502, an edge detection unit 504, a transform block size selection unit 506, a subtraction unit 508, a transform unit 510, a quantization unit 512, and an inverse quantization.
  • the subtraction unit 508, the conversion unit 510, the quantization unit 512, the inverse quantization unit 514, the inverse conversion unit 516, the memory unit 518, the addition unit 522, and the sample prediction unit 520 form part of the image encoding device 550. .
  • the calculation unit 500 reads a parameter set D501 including a plurality of predefined quantization scaling matrices and a plurality of predefined offset values, and a parameter set including a plurality of selected quantization scaling matrices and a plurality of offset values.
  • D503 is output to the writing unit 502. Then, the writing unit 502 writes the parameter set D505 including the plurality of selected quantization scaling values and the plurality of offset values in the picture header or sequence header.
  • the edge detection unit 504 reads the block image sample D509 and outputs the edge information D508 to the conversion block size selection unit 506.
  • the transform block size selection unit 506 selects a transform block size D510 from the set of transform block sizes based on the edge information.
  • the subtraction unit 508 acquires the uncompressed image sample D509 and the prediction sample D523 of the picture, and outputs a residual block D511. Then, the transform unit 510 transforms the residual block D511 using the selected transform block size D510, and outputs the coefficient block D513 to the quantization unit 512.
  • the quantization unit 512 reads the coefficient block D513 and the parameter set D507 including a plurality of selected quantization scaling matrices and a plurality of quantization offset values, and outputs a coded sample D515 of a picture.
  • the inverse quantization unit 514 reads the encoded sample D515, performs an inverse quantization process using the parameter set D507 including a plurality of selected quantization scaling matrices and a plurality of quantization offset values, and performs an inverse quantization coefficient D517. Is output to the inverse transform unit 516. The inverse transform unit then outputs a reconstructed residual block D519. Thereafter, the adder 522 reads the reconstructed residual block D519 and the prediction sample D523, and outputs the reconstructed sample D525 of the picture.
  • the reconstructed sample D525 is then stored in the memory unit 518.
  • the sample prediction unit reads the reconstructed sample D521 from the memory unit 518, and outputs the prediction sample D523.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing processing of the image encoding device 550 shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, the calculation unit 500 sets a smaller quantization offset value for a coefficient having a large transform block size (S300). In addition, the calculation unit 500 sets a larger quantization scaling matrix for the coefficient having the same large transform block size (S302).
  • the calculation unit 500 sets a larger quantization offset value for a smaller block size (S304).
  • the calculation unit 500 sets a smaller quantization scaling matrix for a smaller transform block size (S306).
  • the writing unit 502 encodes a plurality of quantization offset values selected for a plurality of various transform sizes in the header (S308).
  • the writing unit 502 encodes a plurality of quantization scaling matrices selected for a plurality of various transform sizes in the header (S310).
  • the transform block size selection unit 506 selects a transform block size suitable for encoding the residual block from a group of transform block sizes based on edge detection in the image sample block (S312). If the image sample block has an edge, a smaller transform block size is selected according to the position of the edge.
  • the conversion unit 510 converts the residual block using the selected conversion size (S314).
  • the quantization unit 512 quantizes the transform coefficient using the corresponding quantization offset value and scaling matrix based on the selected transform block size (S316). Similarly, the inverse quantization unit 514 inversely quantizes the quantization coefficient using the corresponding quantization offset value and scaling matrix based on the selected transform block size (S318).
  • the inverse transform unit 516 transforms coefficients using the selected transform block size to obtain a residual (S320).
  • the addition unit 522 reconstructs the image sample by adding the reconstructed residual to the prediction sample (S322).
  • the image encoding device and the image decoding device according to Embodiment 1 use a parameter set determined for each block.
  • the image encoding apparatus may select an appropriate block size according to the characteristics of the image and apply an optimum parameter set according to the selected block size. Thereby, deterioration of image quality is suppressed and encoding efficiency is improved.
  • FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the quantization scaling matrix and the inverse quantization value.
  • the quantization scaling matrix is usually set small for low frequencies and large for high frequencies. This kind of setting usually improves the image quality subjectively.
  • the rate of increase of the quantization scaling matrix can be defined as the slope of the quantization scaling matrix. That is, the slope of the quantization scaling matrix indicates the rate of change in the quantization scaling value with respect to the change in frequency in the quantization scaling matrix.
  • the quantization scaling matrix can directly control the quantization step size as shown in this figure.
  • FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the quantization offset matrix and the inverse quantization value.
  • the quantization offset matrix is usually set large for low frequencies and small for high frequencies. This kind of setting usually improves the image quality subjectively.
  • Quantization offset matrix decrease rate (increase rate in the negative direction) can be defined as the slope of the quantization offset matrix. That is, the slope of the quantization offset matrix indicates the rate of change in the quantization offset value with respect to the change in frequency in the quantization offset matrix.
  • the quantization offset matrix can directly control the quantization offset adjustment as shown in this figure. This figure shows an example in which the quantization step size is the same for all frequency components.
  • FIG. 12A is a configuration diagram illustrating an image encoding device according to Embodiment 2.
  • 12A includes a quantization parameter determination unit 2201, a matrix determination unit 2202, a matrix correction unit 2203, a conversion unit 2204, and a quantization unit 2205.
  • FIG. 12B is a flowchart showing processing of the image encoding device 2200 shown in FIG. 12A.
  • the quantization parameter determination unit 2201 determines a quantization parameter corresponding to a block (S2201).
  • the matrix determination unit 2202 determines a quantization scaling matrix corresponding to the block (S2202).
  • the matrix correction unit 2203 corrects the inclination of the quantization scaling matrix by correcting the quantization scaling matrix depending on the quantization parameter (S2203).
  • the matrix correction unit 2203 has a steeper slope than when the quantization parameter is the first quantization parameter.
  • the quantization scaling matrix may be modified.
  • the conversion unit 2204 converts a plurality of pixel values included in the block into a plurality of frequency coefficients (S2204).
  • the quantization unit 2205 quantizes the plurality of frequency coefficients using the modified quantization scaling matrix and the determined quantization parameter (S2205).
  • the image encoding device 2200 can encode the image. Also, the image encoding device 2200 can flexibly modify the quantization scaling matrix according to the quantization parameter. Therefore, the image encoding apparatus 2200 can determine the quantization scale step by the modified quantization scaling matrix more flexibly than determining the quantization scale step by multiplying the quantization parameter and the quantization scaling matrix. Can do.
  • the image encoding device 2200 may correct the inclination of the quantization scaling matrix by correcting the high-frequency scaling value in the quantization scaling matrix to a large value. Thereby, the image coding apparatus 2200 can improve coding efficiency.
  • the image encoding device 2200 may correct the inclination of the quantization scaling matrix by correcting the low-frequency scaling value in the quantization scaling matrix to a small value. Thereby, the image coding apparatus 2200 can improve the image quality.
  • the quantization parameter determination unit 2201 determines a quantization parameter corresponding to a block (S2201).
  • the matrix determination unit 2202 determines a quantization offset matrix corresponding to the block (S2202).
  • the matrix correction unit 2203 corrects the inclination of the quantization offset matrix by correcting the quantization offset matrix depending on the quantization parameter (S2203).
  • the matrix correction unit 2203 has a steeper slope than when the quantization parameter is the first quantization parameter.
  • the quantization offset matrix may be modified.
  • the conversion unit 2204 converts a plurality of pixel values included in the block into a plurality of frequency coefficients (S2204).
  • the quantization unit 2205 quantizes the plurality of frequency coefficients using the modified quantization offset matrix and the determined quantization parameter (S2205).
  • the image encoding device 2200 can encode the image. Further, the image encoding device 2200 can flexibly modify the quantization offset matrix according to the quantization parameter. Therefore, the image coding apparatus 2200 can determine the adjustment amount with the modified quantization offset matrix more flexibly than the adjustment amount is determined by multiplying the quantization parameter and the quantization offset matrix.
  • the image encoding device 2200 may correct the gradient of the quantization offset matrix by correcting the high-frequency offset value in the quantization offset matrix to a small value. Thereby, the image coding apparatus 2200 can improve coding efficiency.
  • the image encoding device 2200 may correct the slope of the quantization offset matrix by correcting the low-frequency offset value in the quantization offset matrix to a large value. Thereby, the image coding apparatus 2200 can improve the image quality.
  • the quantization parameter determined by the quantization parameter determination unit 2201 may be a predetermined quantization parameter.
  • the quantization matrix determined by the matrix determination unit 2202 may be a predetermined quantization matrix.
  • the matrix correction unit 2203 corrects a predetermined inclination of the quantization matrix.
  • the matrix correction unit 2203 can set the inclination of the quantization matrix depending on the quantization parameter.
  • FIG. 13A is a configuration diagram illustrating an image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
  • 13A includes a quantization parameter determination unit 2301, a matrix determination unit 2302, a matrix modification unit 2303, an inverse quantization unit 2304, and an inverse transform unit 2305.
  • FIG. 13B is a flowchart showing processing of the image decoding device 2300 shown in FIG. 13A.
  • the quantization parameter determination unit 2301 determines a quantization parameter corresponding to a block (S2301).
  • the matrix determination unit 2302 determines a quantization scaling matrix corresponding to the block (S2302).
  • the matrix correction unit 2303 corrects the inclination of the quantization scaling matrix by correcting the quantization scaling matrix depending on the quantization parameter (S2303).
  • the matrix correction unit 2303 has a steeper slope than when the quantization parameter is the first quantization parameter.
  • the quantization scaling matrix may be modified.
  • the inverse quantization unit 2304 inversely quantizes a plurality of frequency coefficients using the modified quantization scaling matrix and the determined quantization parameter (S2304).
  • the inverse transform unit 2305 transforms a plurality of frequency coefficients included in the block into a plurality of pixel values (S2305).
  • the image decoding device 2300 can decode the image. Further, the image decoding device 2300 can flexibly modify the quantization scaling matrix according to the quantization parameter. Therefore, the image decoding apparatus 2300 can determine the quantization scale step more flexibly by using the modified quantization scaling matrix, rather than multiplying the quantization parameter and the quantization scaling matrix to determine the quantization scale step. it can.
  • the image decoding device 2300 modifies the quantization scaling matrix so as to be the same as the quantization scaling matrix modified by the image encoding device 2200, thereby converting the image encoded by the image encoding device 2200. It can be decoded properly.
  • the quantization parameter determination unit 2301 determines a quantization parameter corresponding to a block (S2301).
  • the matrix determination unit 2302 determines a quantization offset matrix corresponding to the block (S2302).
  • the matrix correction unit 2303 corrects the inclination of the quantization offset matrix by correcting the quantization offset matrix (S2303).
  • the matrix correction unit 2303 has a steeper slope than when the quantization parameter is the first quantization parameter.
  • the quantization offset matrix may be modified.
  • the inverse quantization unit 2304 inversely quantizes a plurality of frequency coefficients using the modified quantization offset matrix and the determined quantization parameter (S2304).
  • the inverse transform unit 2305 transforms a plurality of frequency coefficients included in the block into a plurality of pixel values (S2305).
  • the image decoding device 2300 can decode the image. Further, the image decoding apparatus 2300 can flexibly modify the quantization offset matrix according to the quantization parameter. Therefore, the image decoding apparatus 2300 can determine the adjustment amount flexibly with the modified quantization offset matrix more flexibly than determining the adjustment amount by multiplying the quantization parameter and the quantization offset matrix.
  • the image decoding apparatus 2300 corrects the image encoded by the image encoding apparatus 2200 by correcting the quantization offset matrix so as to be the same as the quantization offset matrix corrected by the image encoding apparatus 2200. It can be decoded properly. Also, the same quantization offset matrix may not be used for quantization and inverse quantization. Therefore, the image decoding device 2300 may flexibly modify the quantization offset matrix regardless of the processing in the image coding device 2200.
  • the quantization parameter determined by the quantization parameter determination unit 2301 may be a predetermined quantization parameter.
  • the quantization matrix determined by the matrix determination unit 2302 may be a predetermined quantization matrix.
  • the matrix correction unit 2303 corrects a predetermined inclination of the quantization matrix.
  • the matrix correction unit 2303 can set the inclination of the quantization matrix depending on the quantization parameter.
  • FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram illustrating a more specific example of the image encoding device according to the second embodiment. 14 includes a quantization matrix correction unit 1200, a subtraction unit 1202, a conversion unit 1204, a quantization unit 1206, an inverse quantization unit 1208, an inverse conversion unit 1212, a memory unit 1214, and an addition unit. 1216 and a sample prediction unit 1210.
  • the subtraction unit 1202, the conversion unit 1204, the quantization unit 1206, the inverse quantization unit 1208, the inverse conversion unit 1212, the memory unit 1214, the addition unit 1216, and the sample prediction unit 1210 form part of the image encoding device 1250. .
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 1200 reads the quantization scaling matrix D1201, the quantization offset matrix D1203, or both the quantization scaling matrix D1201 and the quantization offset matrix D1203. Further, the quantization matrix correction unit 1200 reads the quantization parameter D1205 and outputs the corrected quantization matrix D1217 to both the quantization unit 1206 and the inverse quantization unit 1208.
  • the subtraction unit 1202 acquires a non-compressed image sample D1207 and a prediction sample D1213 of a picture, and outputs a residual block D1209. Then, the transform unit 1204 transforms the residual block D1209 and outputs the coefficient block D1211 to the quantization unit 1206.
  • the quantization unit 1206 reads the coefficient block D1211, the quantization parameter D1205, and the corrected quantization matrix D1217, and outputs a coded sample D1215 of the picture.
  • the inverse quantization unit 1208 reads the encoded sample D1215, performs an inverse quantization process using the quantization parameter D1205 and the corrected quantization matrix D1217, and outputs the inverse quantization coefficient D1219 to the inverse transform unit 1212. .
  • the inverse transform unit then outputs a reconstructed residual block D1221.
  • the adder 1216 reads the reconstructed residual block D1221 and the prediction sample D1213, and outputs a reconstructed sample D1225 of the picture.
  • the reconstructed sample D1225 is then stored in the memory unit 1214.
  • the sample prediction unit reads the reconstructed sample D1223 from the memory unit 1214, and outputs the prediction sample D1213.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a first example of processing executed by the image encoding device 1250 shown in FIG.
  • a quantization parameter determination unit determines a quantization parameter for a transform coefficient block (S800).
  • the quantization step size for each coefficient is controlled by both the quantization parameter and the quantization scaling matrix.
  • the quantization parameter controls the quantization step size for all the coefficients of the block.
  • the matrix determination unit determines a quantization scaling matrix for the block (S802). Then, the quantization matrix correcting unit 1200 corrects the inclination of the quantization scaling matrix according to the quantization parameter of the block (S804). For example, if the value of the quantization parameter is large, the gradient of the quantization scaling matrix becomes steep, and the gradient becomes gentle as the quantization parameter becomes small.
  • the quantization unit 1206 performs a quantization process using the corrected scaling matrix and the quantization parameter (S806).
  • the inverse quantization unit 1208 executes the inverse quantization process using the corrected quantization scaling matrix and the quantization parameter (S808).
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a second example of processing executed by the image encoding device 1250 shown in FIG.
  • a quantization parameter determination unit determines a quantization parameter for a transform coefficient block (S900).
  • the quantization parameter controls the quantization step size for all coefficients of the block, and the quantization offset matrix controls the inverse quantization adjustment.
  • the matrix determination unit determines a quantization offset matrix for the block (S902). Then, the quantization matrix correction unit 1200 corrects the inclination of the quantization offset matrix according to the quantization parameter of the block (S904). For example, if the value of the quantization parameter is large, the inclination of the quantization offset matrix becomes steep, and the inclination becomes gentle as the quantization parameter becomes small.
  • the quantization unit 1206 performs a quantization process using the corrected offset matrix and the quantization parameter (S906).
  • the inverse quantization unit 1208 executes the inverse quantization process using the corrected quantization offset matrix and the quantization parameter (S908).
  • FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram showing a more specific example of the image decoding apparatus according to the second embodiment.
  • the image decoding apparatus 1350 illustrated in FIG. 17 includes a quantization matrix correction unit 1300, an inverse quantization unit 1302, an inverse transform unit 1304, a sample reconstruction unit 1306, a sample prediction unit 1308, and a memory unit 1310.
  • the inverse quantization unit 1302, the inverse transform unit 1304, the sample reconstruction unit 1306, the memory unit 1310, and the sample prediction unit 1308 form part of the image decoding device 1350.
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 1300 reads the quantization scaling matrix D1301, the quantization offset matrix D1303, or both the quantization scaling matrix D1301 and the quantization offset matrix D1303. Also, the quantization matrix correction unit 1300 reads the quantization parameter D1305 and outputs the corrected quantization matrix D1319 to the inverse quantization unit 1302.
  • the inverse quantization unit 1302 reads the coded block D1307 of the picture, performs an inverse quantization process using the quantization parameter D1305 and the modified quantization matrix D1319, and sends the inverse quantization coefficient D1309 to the inverse transform unit 1304. Output.
  • the inverse transform unit 1304 then outputs the decoded residual block D1311 to the sample reconstruction unit 1306.
  • the sample reconstruction unit 1306 acquires the decoded residual block D1311 and the prediction sample D1313, and outputs the reconstruction sample D1315.
  • the reconstructed sample D1315 is then stored in the memory unit 1310.
  • the sample prediction unit 1308 reads the reconstructed sample D1317 from the memory unit 1310, and outputs the prediction sample D1313.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a first example of processing executed by the image decoding apparatus shown in FIG.
  • the quantization parameter determination unit determines the quantization parameter for the transform coefficient block (S1000). This parameter is usually parsed from the picture header or block header.
  • the quantization step size for each coefficient is controlled by both the quantization parameter and the quantization scaling matrix.
  • the quantization parameter controls the quantization step size for all the coefficients of the block.
  • the matrix determination unit determines a quantization scaling matrix for the block (S1002). Then, the quantization matrix correction unit 1300 corrects the inclination of the quantization scaling matrix according to the quantization parameter of the block (S1004). For example, if the value of the quantization parameter is large, the gradient of the quantization scaling matrix becomes steep, and the gradient becomes gentle as the quantization parameter becomes small.
  • the inverse quantization unit 1302 executes an inverse quantization process using the modified quantization scaling matrix and the quantization parameter (S1006).
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing a second example of processing executed by the image decoding apparatus shown in FIG.
  • the quantization parameter determination unit determines the quantization parameter for the transform coefficient block (S1100). This parameter is usually parsed from the picture header or block header.
  • the quantization parameter controls the quantization step size for all coefficients of the block, and the quantization offset matrix controls the inverse quantization adjustment.
  • the matrix determination unit determines a quantization offset matrix for the block (S1102). Then, the quantization matrix correction unit 1300 corrects the inclination of the quantization offset matrix according to the quantization parameter of the block (S1104). For example, if the value of the quantization parameter is large, the inclination of the quantization offset matrix becomes steep, and the inclination becomes gentle as the quantization parameter becomes small.
  • the inverse quantization unit 1302 executes an inverse quantization process using the corrected quantization offset matrix and the quantization parameter (S1106).
  • the image encoding device and the image decoding device according to Embodiment 2 use a parameter set determined for each block. Then, the image encoding device and the image decoding device flexibly modify the quantization scaling matrix or the quantization offset matrix according to the quantization parameter. Thereby, deterioration of image quality is suppressed and encoding efficiency is improved.
  • FIG. 20A is a configuration diagram illustrating an image encoding device according to Embodiment 3.
  • 20A includes a first writing unit 2401, a selection unit 2402, a second writing unit 2403, a conversion unit 2404, and a quantization unit 2405.
  • FIG. 20B is a flowchart showing processing of the image encoding device 2400 shown in FIG. 20A.
  • the first writing unit 2401 writes the first quantization offset matrix in the header (S2401).
  • the selection unit 2402 selects a quantization offset matrix from the first quantization offset matrix and a predetermined second quantization offset matrix different from the first quantization offset matrix (S2402).
  • the second writing unit 2403 writes a flag indicating a predetermined value in the block header (S2403).
  • the conversion unit 2404 converts a plurality of pixel values included in the block into a plurality of frequency coefficients (S2404).
  • the quantization unit 2405 quantizes the plurality of frequency coefficients using the selected quantization offset matrix (S2405).
  • the image encoding device 2400 can encode the image. Also, the image encoding device 2400 can switch between a customized first quantization offset matrix and a predetermined second quantization offset matrix. The image encoding device 2400 can notify the decoding side of the selected quantization offset matrix while suppressing an increase in the amount of data generated by encoding.
  • FIG. 21A is a block diagram showing an image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 3.
  • An image decoding apparatus 2500 shown in FIG. 21A includes a first analysis unit 2501, a second analysis unit 2502, a selection unit 2503, an inverse quantization unit 2504, and an inverse transform unit 2505.
  • FIG. 21B is a flowchart showing processing of the image decoding device 2500 shown in FIG. 21A.
  • the first analysis unit 2501 acquires the first quantization offset matrix by analyzing the header (S2501).
  • the second analysis unit 2502 obtains a flag by analyzing the block header (S2502).
  • the selection unit 2503 selects a predetermined second quantization offset matrix different from the first quantization offset matrix.
  • the selection unit 2503 selects the first quantization offset matrix (S2503).
  • the inverse quantization unit 2504 inversely quantizes the plurality of frequency coefficients using the selected first quantization offset matrix or the selected second quantization offset matrix (S2504).
  • the inverse conversion unit 2505 converts a plurality of frequency coefficients included in the block into a plurality of pixel values (S2505).
  • the image decoding device 2500 can decode the image.
  • the image decoding device 2500 can switch between the customized first quantization offset matrix and a predetermined second quantization offset matrix. Then, the image decoding apparatus 2500 can select an appropriate quantization offset matrix based on the flag set on the encoding side.
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the position of the matrix selection flag stored in the coding block according to the third embodiment.
  • the matrix selection flag D1602 shown in FIG. 16 is stored in the header of the coding block of the picture D1600.
  • the customized quantization offset matrix may be stored in the picture header or in the sequence header of the bitstream.
  • FIG. 23 is a configuration diagram illustrating a specific example of the image encoding device according to the third embodiment.
  • the image encoding device 1450 illustrated in FIG. 23 includes a quantization offset matrix selection unit 1400, a first writing unit 1418, a second writing unit 1420, a subtraction unit 1402, a conversion unit 1404, a quantization unit 1406, an inverse quantum A conversion unit 1408, an inverse conversion unit 1412, a memory unit 1414, an addition unit 1416, and a sample prediction unit 1410.
  • the subtraction unit 1402, the conversion unit 1404, the quantization unit 1406, the inverse quantization unit 1408, the inverse conversion unit 1412, the memory unit 1414, the addition unit 1416, and the sample prediction unit 1410 form part of the image encoding device 1450.
  • the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1400 reads a customizable quantization offset matrix D1403 and a predetermined quantization offset matrix D1401. Then, the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1400 selects the quantization offset matrix, and outputs the selected quantization offset matrix D1417 to the quantization unit 1406 and the inverse quantization unit 1408.
  • the first writing unit 1418 reads the customizable quantization offset matrix D1403, and writes the customizable quantization offset matrix D1427 in the picture header or sequence header.
  • the second writing unit 1420 reads the matrix selection flag D1405 from the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1400, and writes the matrix selection flag D1429 in the encoded block header.
  • the subtraction unit 1402 acquires a non-compressed image sample D1407 and a prediction sample D1413 of the picture, and outputs a residual block D1409. Subsequently, the transform unit 1404 transforms the residual block D1409 and outputs the coefficient block D1411 to the quantization unit 1406.
  • the quantization unit 1406 reads the coefficient block D1411, and the selected quantization offset matrix D1417, and outputs a coded sample D1415 of the picture.
  • the inverse quantization unit 1408 reads the encoded sample D1415 and executes an inverse quantization process using the selected quantization offset matrix D1417. Then, the inverse quantization unit 1408 outputs the inverse quantization coefficient D1419 to the inverse transform unit 1412. The inverse transform unit 1412 then outputs a reconstructed residual block D1421. Thereafter, the adding unit 1416 reads the reconstructed residual block D1421 and the prediction sample D1413, and outputs a reconstructed sample D1425 of the picture.
  • the reconstructed sample D1425 is then stored in the memory unit 1414.
  • the sample prediction unit 1410 reads the reconstructed sample D1423 from the memory unit 1414, and outputs the prediction sample D1413.
  • FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing processing of the image encoding device 1450 shown in FIG.
  • the first writing unit 1418 encodes a customizable quantization offset matrix and writes the encoded quantization offset matrix in the header (S1800).
  • the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1400 determines whether or not to use a predetermined quantization offset matrix (S1802). If the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1400 determines to use a predetermined quantization offset matrix (Yes in S1802), the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1400 selects a predetermined quantization matrix (S1804). In this case, the second writing unit 1420 writes a flag indicating a predetermined value in the header of the encoded block (S1807).
  • the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1400 determines not to use a predetermined quantization offset matrix (No in S1802), the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1400 selects the quantization offset matrix that has been encoded and written in the header (S1806). . The quantization offset matrix may be written in either the sequence header or the picture header. Then, the quantization unit 1406 performs a quantization process using the selected quantization offset matrix (S1808). Finally, the inverse quantization unit 1408 executes the inverse quantization process using the selected quantization offset matrix (S1810).
  • FIG. 25 is a configuration diagram illustrating a specific example of the image decoding apparatus according to the third embodiment.
  • the image decoding apparatus 1550 shown in FIG. 25 includes a first analysis unit 1512, a second analysis unit 1514, a quantization offset matrix selection unit 1500, an inverse quantization unit 1502, an inverse transform unit 1504, a sample reconstruction unit 1506, a sample A prediction unit 1508, a first memory unit 1510, and a second memory unit 1516 are provided.
  • the inverse quantization unit 1502, the inverse transform unit 1504, the sample reconstruction unit 1506, the first memory unit 1510, and the sample prediction unit 1508 form a part of the image decoding device 1550.
  • the first analysis unit 1512 reads a picture header or a sequence header, and outputs a quantization offset matrix D1503 to the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1500.
  • the second analysis unit 1514 reads the encoded block header and outputs a matrix selection flag D1505 to the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1500.
  • the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1500 reads the matrix selection flag D1505, and selects a predetermined quantization offset matrix D1501 or the analyzed quantization offset matrix D1503 from the second memory unit 1516. Then, the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1500 outputs the selected quantization offset matrix D1519 to the inverse quantization unit 1502.
  • the inverse quantization unit 1502 acquires the picture coding block D1507, performs inverse quantization processing using the selected quantization offset matrix D1519, and outputs the inverse quantization coefficient D1509 to the inverse transform unit 1504. . Thereafter, the inverse transform unit 1504 outputs the residual block D1511 to the sample reconstruction unit 1506. The sample reconstruction unit 1506 acquires the residual block D1511 and the prediction sample D1513, and outputs the reconstruction sample D1515.
  • the reconstructed sample D1515 is then stored in the first memory unit 1510.
  • the sample prediction unit 1508 acquires the reconstructed sample D1517 from the first memory unit 1510, and outputs the prediction sample D1513.
  • FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing processing of the image decoding apparatus 1550 shown in FIG.
  • the first analysis unit 1512 analyzes the header of the encoded block and acquires a flag (S1700).
  • the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1500 determines whether or not the flag indicates a predetermined value (S1702). When the flag indicates a predetermined value (Yes in S1702), the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1500 selects a predetermined quantization offset matrix (S1704).
  • the quantization offset matrix selection unit 1500 selects a decoded quantization offset matrix (S1706).
  • the decoded quantization offset matrix is obtained by decoding the quantization offset matrix that has been encoded and written in the header.
  • the quantization offset matrix written in the header may be written in either the sequence header or the picture header.
  • the inverse quantization unit 1502 executes an inverse quantization process using the selected quantization offset matrix (S1708).
  • the image encoding device and the image decoding device according to Embodiment 3 use a parameter set determined for each block. Then, the image encoding device and the image decoding device can switch between a predetermined quantization offset matrix and a customized quantization offset matrix. Thereby, deterioration of image quality is suppressed and encoding efficiency is improved.
  • the image encoding device and the image decoding device according to the present invention encode an image using a parameter set determined for each block. Thereby, deterioration of image quality is suppressed and encoding efficiency is improved.
  • the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Unless it deviates from the meaning of the present invention, various forms conceived by those skilled in the art are applied to the embodiment, and other forms constructed by combining components and steps in different embodiments are also included in the present invention. It is included in the range.
  • the configurations and processes shown in the plurality of embodiments are examples, and the configurations or processes may be rearranged. For example, the order of the processes may be changed, or another component may execute a process executed by a specific component.
  • the present invention can be realized not only as an image encoding device and an image decoding device, but also as a method using a processing means constituting the image encoding device or the image decoding device as a step. And this invention is realizable as a program which makes a computer perform these steps. Furthermore, the present invention can be realized as a computer-readable recording medium such as a CD-ROM storing the program.
  • the storage medium may be any medium that can record a program, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, an IC card, and a semiconductor memory.
  • FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a content supply system ex100 that realizes a content distribution service.
  • the communication service providing area is divided into desired sizes, and base stations ex106 to ex110, which are fixed radio stations, are installed in each cell.
  • the content supply system ex100 includes a computer ex111, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) ex112, a camera ex113, a mobile phone ex114, a game machine via the Internet ex101, the Internet service provider ex102, the telephone network ex104, and the base stations ex106 to ex110. Each device such as ex115 is connected.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • each device may be directly connected to the telephone network ex104 without going through the base stations ex106 to ex110 which are fixed wireless stations.
  • the devices may be directly connected to each other via short-range wireless or the like.
  • the camera ex113 is a device that can shoot moving images such as a digital video camera
  • the camera ex116 is a device that can shoot still images and movies such as a digital camera.
  • the mobile phone ex114 is a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) method, a CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) method, a W-CDMA (Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access L (Semiconductor Access) method, a W-CDMA (Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access L method, or a high access rate).
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • W-CDMA Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access L (Semiconductor Access) method
  • W-CDMA Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access L method
  • a high access rate A High Speed Packet Access
  • PHS Personal Handyphone System
  • the camera ex113 and the like are connected to the streaming server ex103 through the base station ex109 and the telephone network ex104, thereby enabling live distribution and the like.
  • the content for example, music live video
  • the streaming server ex103 streams the content data transmitted to the requested client.
  • the client include a computer ex111, a PDA ex112, a camera ex113, a mobile phone ex114, a game machine ex115, and the like that can decode the encoded data.
  • Each device that has received the distributed data decodes and reproduces the received data.
  • the encoded processing of the captured data may be performed by the camera ex113, the streaming server ex103 that performs the data transmission processing, or may be performed in a shared manner.
  • the decryption processing of the distributed data may be performed by the client, the streaming server ex103, or may be performed in a shared manner.
  • still images and / or moving image data captured by the camera ex116 may be transmitted to the streaming server ex103 via the computer ex111.
  • the encoding process in this case may be performed by any of the camera ex116, the computer ex111, and the streaming server ex103, or may be performed in a shared manner.
  • these encoding processing and decoding processing are generally performed in a computer ex111 and an LSI (Large Scale Integration) ex500 included in each device.
  • the LSI ex500 may be configured as a single chip or a plurality of chips.
  • image encoding and image decoding software is incorporated into some recording medium (CD-ROM, flexible disk, hard disk, etc.) that can be read by the computer ex111 and the like, and the encoding processing and decoding processing are performed using the software. May be.
  • moving image data acquired by the camera may be transmitted. The moving image data at this time is data encoded by the LSI ex500 included in the mobile phone ex114.
  • the streaming server ex103 may be a plurality of servers or a plurality of computers, and may process, record, and distribute data in a distributed manner.
  • the encoded data can be received and reproduced by the client.
  • the information transmitted by the user can be received, decrypted and reproduced in real time by the client, and even a user who does not have special rights or facilities can realize personal broadcasting.
  • the image encoding method or the image decoding method shown in the above embodiment may be used for encoding and decoding of each device constituting the content supply system.
  • FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating the mobile phone ex114 using the image encoding method and the image decoding method described in the above embodiment.
  • the cellular phone ex114 includes an antenna ex601 for transmitting and receiving radio waves to and from the base station ex110, a video from a CCD camera, a camera unit ex603 capable of taking a still image, a video shot by the camera unit ex603, and an antenna ex601.
  • a display unit ex602 such as a liquid crystal display that displays data obtained by decoding received video and the like, a main body unit composed of a group of operation keys ex604, an audio output unit ex608 such as a speaker for outputting audio, and a voice input Audio input unit ex605 such as a microphone, recorded moving image or still image data, received mail data, moving image data or still image data, etc., for storing encoded data or decoded data
  • Recording media ex607 can be attached to media ex607 and mobile phone ex114 And a slot unit ex606 for.
  • the recording medium ex607 stores a flash memory element, which is a kind of EEPROM, which is a nonvolatile memory that can be electrically rewritten and erased, in a plastic case such as an SD card.
  • the mobile phone ex114 has a power supply circuit ex710, an operation input control unit ex704, an image encoding unit, and a main control unit ex711 configured to control the respective units of the main body unit including the display unit ex602 and the operation key ex604.
  • Unit ex712, camera interface unit ex703, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) control unit ex702, image decoding unit ex709, demultiplexing unit ex708, recording / reproducing unit ex707, modulation / demodulation circuit unit ex706, and audio processing unit ex705 are connected to each other via a synchronization bus ex713. It is connected.
  • the power supply circuit ex710 activates the camera-equipped digital mobile phone ex114 by supplying power to each unit from the battery pack. .
  • the cellular phone ex114 converts the audio signal collected by the audio input unit ex605 in the audio call mode into digital audio data by the audio processing unit ex705 based on the control of the main control unit ex711 including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
  • the modulation / demodulation circuit unit ex706 performs spread spectrum processing, the transmission / reception circuit unit ex701 performs digital analog conversion processing and frequency conversion processing, and then transmits the result via the antenna ex601.
  • the cellular phone ex114 amplifies the received data received by the antenna ex601 in the voice call mode, performs frequency conversion processing and analog-digital conversion processing, performs spectrum despreading processing by the modulation / demodulation circuit unit ex706, and performs analog speech by the voice processing unit ex705. After the data is converted, it is output via the audio output unit ex608.
  • text data of the e-mail input by operating the operation key ex604 on the main body is sent to the main control unit ex711 via the operation input control unit ex704.
  • the main control unit ex711 performs spread spectrum processing on the text data in the modulation / demodulation circuit unit ex706, performs digital analog conversion processing and frequency conversion processing in the transmission / reception circuit unit ex701, and then transmits the text data to the base station ex110 via the antenna ex601.
  • the image data captured by the camera unit ex603 is supplied to the image encoding unit ex712 via the camera interface unit ex703.
  • the image data captured by the camera unit ex603 can be directly displayed on the display unit ex602 via the camera interface unit ex703 and the LCD control unit ex702.
  • the image encoding unit ex712 is configured to include the image encoding device described in the present invention, and an encoding method using the image data supplied from the camera unit ex603 in the image encoding device described in the above embodiment. Is converted into encoded image data by compression encoding and sent to the demultiplexing unit ex708. At the same time, the mobile phone ex114 sends the sound collected by the sound input unit ex605 during imaging by the camera unit ex603 to the demultiplexing unit ex708 via the sound processing unit ex705 as digital sound data.
  • the demultiplexing unit ex708 multiplexes the encoded image data supplied from the image encoding unit ex712 and the audio data supplied from the audio processing unit ex705 by a predetermined method, and the resulting multiplexed data is a modulation / demodulation circuit unit Spread spectrum processing is performed in ex706, digital analog conversion processing and frequency conversion processing are performed in the transmission / reception circuit unit ex701, and then transmission is performed via the antenna ex601.
  • the received data received from the base station ex110 via the antenna ex601 is subjected to spectrum despreading processing by the modulation / demodulation circuit unit ex706, and the resulting multiplexing is obtained.
  • Data is sent to the demultiplexing unit ex708.
  • the demultiplexing unit ex708 separates the multiplexed data into a bit stream of image data and a bit stream of audio data, and a synchronization bus
  • the encoded image data is supplied to the image decoding unit ex709 via ex713 and the audio data is supplied to the audio processing unit ex705.
  • the image decoding unit ex709 is configured to include the image decoding device described in the present application, and is reproduced by decoding the bit stream of the image data with a decoding method corresponding to the encoding method described in the above embodiment.
  • Moving image data is generated and supplied to the display unit ex602 via the LCD control unit ex702, thereby displaying, for example, moving image data included in a moving image file linked to a home page.
  • the audio processing unit ex705 converts the audio data into analog audio data, and then supplies the analog audio data to the audio output unit ex608.
  • the audio data included in the moving image file linked to the home page is reproduced.
  • a decoding device can be incorporated. Specifically, in the broadcasting station ex201, audio data, video data, or a bit stream in which those data are multiplexed is transmitted to a communication or broadcasting satellite ex202 via radio waves. In response, the broadcasting satellite ex202 transmits a radio wave for broadcasting, and a home antenna ex204 having a satellite broadcasting receiving facility receives the radio wave, and the television (receiver) ex300 or the set top box (STB) ex217 or the like. The device decodes the bitstream and reproduces it.
  • the reader / recorder ex218 that reads and decodes a bitstream in which image data and audio data recorded on recording media ex215 and ex216 such as CD and DVD as recording media are multiplexed is also shown in the above embodiment. It is possible to implement an image decoding device. In this case, the reproduced video signal is displayed on the monitor ex219. Further, a configuration in which an image decoding device is mounted in a set-top box ex217 connected to a cable ex203 for cable television or an antenna ex204 for satellite / terrestrial broadcasting, and this is reproduced on the monitor ex219 of the television is also conceivable. At this time, the image decoding apparatus may be incorporated in the television instead of the set top box. In addition, a car ex210 having an antenna ex205 can receive a signal from a satellite ex202 or a base station and reproduce a moving image on a display device such as a car navigation ex211 included in the car ex210.
  • audio data, video data recorded on a recording medium ex215 such as DVD or BD, or an encoded bit stream in which those data are multiplexed are read and decoded, or audio data, video data or these are recorded on the recording medium ex215.
  • the image decoding apparatus or the image encoding apparatus described in the above embodiment can also be mounted on the reader / recorder ex218 that encodes the data and records the multiplexed data as multiplexed data.
  • the reproduced video signal is displayed on the monitor ex219.
  • the recording medium ex215 on which the encoded bit stream is recorded allows other devices and systems to reproduce the video signal.
  • the other reproduction device ex212 can reproduce the video signal on the monitor ex213 using the recording medium ex214 on which the encoded bitstream is copied.
  • an image decoding device may be mounted in the set-top box ex217 connected to the cable ex203 for cable television or the antenna ex204 for satellite / terrestrial broadcasting and displayed on the monitor ex219 of the television.
  • the image decoding apparatus may be incorporated in the television instead of the set top box.
  • FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating a television (receiver) ex300 that uses the image decoding method and the image encoding method described in the above embodiment.
  • the television ex300 obtains or outputs a bit stream of video information via the antenna ex204 or the cable ex203 that receives the broadcast, and a tuner ex301 that outputs or outputs the encoded data that is received or demodulated.
  • Modulation / demodulation unit ex302 that modulates data for transmission to the outside, and multiplexing / separation unit ex303 that separates demodulated video data and audio data, or multiplexes encoded video data and audio data Is provided.
  • the television ex300 decodes each of the audio data and the video data, or encodes the respective information, the audio signal processing unit ex304, the signal processing unit ex306 including the video signal processing unit ex305, and the decoded audio signal. And an output unit ex309 including a display unit ex308 such as a display for displaying the decoded video signal.
  • the television ex300 includes an interface unit ex317 including an operation input unit ex312 that receives an input of a user operation.
  • the television ex300 includes a control unit ex310 that controls each unit in an integrated manner, and a power supply circuit unit ex311 that supplies power to each unit.
  • the interface unit ex317 includes a bridge ex313 connected to an external device such as a reader / recorder ex218, a slot unit ex314 for enabling recording media ex216 such as an SD card, and an external recording such as a hard disk
  • a driver ex315 for connecting to a medium, a modem ex316 for connecting to a telephone network, and the like may be included.
  • the recording medium ex216 is capable of electrically recording information by using a nonvolatile / volatile semiconductor memory element to be stored.
  • Each part of the television ex300 is connected to each other via a synchronous bus.
  • the television ex300 receives a user operation from the remote controller ex220 or the like, and demultiplexes the video data and audio data demodulated by the modulation / demodulation unit ex302 by the multiplexing / separation unit ex303 based on the control of the control unit ex310 having a CPU or the like. . Furthermore, the television ex300 decodes the separated audio data by the audio signal processing unit ex304, and the separated video data is decoded by the video signal processing unit ex305 using the decoding method described in the above embodiment. The decoded audio signal and video signal are output to the outside from the output unit ex309.
  • these signals may be temporarily stored in the buffers ex318, ex319, etc. so that the audio signal and the video signal are reproduced in synchronization.
  • the television ex300 may read the encoded bitstream encoded from the recording media ex215 and ex216 such as a magnetic / optical disk and an SD card, not from a broadcast or the like. Next, a configuration will be described in which the television ex300 encodes an audio signal and a video signal and transmits them to the outside or writes them to a recording medium or the like.
  • the television ex300 receives a user operation from the remote controller ex220 or the like, and encodes an audio signal with the audio signal processing unit ex304 based on the control of the control unit ex310, and the video signal with the video signal processing unit ex305 in the above embodiment. Encoding is performed using the described encoding method.
  • the encoded audio signal and video signal are multiplexed by the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit ex303 and output to the outside. When multiplexing, these signals may be temporarily stored in the buffers ex320 and ex321 so that the audio signal and the video signal are synchronized.
  • a plurality of buffers ex318 to ex321 may be provided as shown in the figure, or a configuration in which one or more buffers are shared may be used. Further, in addition to the illustrated example, data may be stored in the buffer as a buffer material that prevents system overflow and underflow even between the modulation / demodulation unit ex302 and the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit ex303, for example.
  • the television ex300 In addition to acquiring audio data and video data from broadcast and recording media, the television ex300 has a configuration for receiving AV input of a microphone and a camera, and even if encoding processing is performed on the data acquired therefrom Good.
  • the television ex300 has been described as a configuration capable of the above-described encoding processing, multiplexing, and external output. However, all of these processing cannot be performed, and the above reception, decoding processing, and external
  • the configuration may be such that only one of the outputs is possible.
  • the decoding process or the encoding process may be performed by either the television ex300 or the reader / recorder ex218.
  • the television ex300 and the reader / recorder ex218 may be shared with each other.
  • FIG. 32 shows the configuration of the information reproducing / recording unit ex400 when data is read from or written to the optical disk.
  • the information reproducing / recording unit ex400 includes elements ex401 to ex407 described below.
  • the optical head ex401 irradiates a laser spot on the recording surface of the recording medium ex215 that is an optical disc to write information, and detects information reflected from the recording surface of the recording medium ex215 to read the information.
  • the modulation recording unit ex402 electrically drives a semiconductor laser built in the optical head ex401 and modulates the laser beam according to the recording data.
  • the reproduction demodulator ex403 amplifies a reproduction signal obtained by electrically detecting reflected light from the recording surface by a photodetector built in the optical head ex401, separates and demodulates a signal component recorded on the recording medium ex215, and is necessary. To play back information.
  • the buffer ex404 temporarily holds information to be recorded on the recording medium ex215 and information reproduced from the recording medium ex215.
  • the disk motor ex405 rotates the recording medium ex215.
  • the servo control unit ex406 moves the optical head ex401 to a predetermined information track while controlling the rotational drive of the disk motor ex405, and performs a laser spot tracking process.
  • the system control unit ex407 controls the entire information reproduction / recording unit ex400.
  • the system control unit ex407 uses various types of information held in the buffer ex404, and generates and adds new information as necessary. This is realized by recording / reproducing information through the optical head ex401 while the unit ex403 and the servo control unit ex406 are operated cooperatively.
  • the system control unit ex407 includes, for example, a microprocessor, and executes these processes by executing a read / write program.
  • the optical head ex401 has been described as irradiating a laser spot, but it may be configured to perform higher-density recording using near-field light.
  • FIG. 33 shows a schematic diagram of a recording medium ex215 that is an optical disk.
  • Guide grooves grooves
  • address information indicating the absolute position on the disc is recorded in advance on the information track ex230 by changing the shape of the groove.
  • This address information includes information for specifying the position of the recording block ex231 which is a unit for recording data, and the recording and reproducing apparatus specifies the recording block by reproducing the information track ex230 and reading the address information. be able to.
  • the recording medium ex215 includes a data recording area ex233, an inner peripheral area ex232, and an outer peripheral area ex234.
  • the area used for recording user data is the data recording area ex233, and the inner circumference area ex232 and the outer circumference area ex234 arranged on the inner circumference or outer circumference of the data recording area ex233 are used for specific purposes other than recording user data. Used.
  • the information reproducing / recording unit ex400 reads / writes encoded audio data, video data, or encoded data obtained by multiplexing these data, with respect to the data recording area ex233 of the recording medium ex215.
  • an optical disk such as a single-layer DVD or BD has been described as an example.
  • the present invention is not limited to these, and an optical disk having a multilayer structure and capable of recording other than the surface may be used. It also has a structure that performs multidimensional recording / reproduction, such as recording information using light of various different wavelengths at the same location on the disc, and recording different layers of information from various angles. It may be an optical disk.
  • the car ex210 having the antenna ex205 can receive data from the satellite ex202 and the like, and the moving image can be reproduced on a display device such as the car navigation ex211 that the car ex210 has.
  • the configuration of the car navigation ex211 may include a configuration in which a GPS receiving unit is added in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 31, and the same may be applied to the computer ex111 and the mobile phone ex114.
  • the mobile phone ex114 and the like can be used in three ways: a transmitting terminal having only an encoder and a receiving terminal having only a decoder. The implementation form of can be considered.
  • the image encoding method or the image decoding method described in the above embodiment can be used in any of the above-described devices and systems, and by doing so, the effects described in the above embodiment can be obtained. be able to.
  • FIG. 34 shows a configuration of an LSI ex500 that is made into one chip.
  • the LSI ex500 includes elements ex501 to ex509 described below, and each element is connected via a bus ex510.
  • the power supply circuit unit ex505 starts up to an operable state by supplying power to each unit when the power supply is in an on state.
  • the LSI ex500 when performing the encoding process, inputs an AV signal from the microphone ex117, the camera ex113, and the like by the AV I / Oex 509 based on the control of the control unit ex501 having the CPU ex502, the memory controller ex503, the stream controller ex504, and the like. Accept.
  • the input AV signal is temporarily stored in an external memory ex511 such as SDRAM.
  • the accumulated data is appropriately divided into a plurality of times according to the processing amount and the processing speed, and sent to the signal processing unit ex507.
  • the signal processing unit ex507 performs encoding of an audio signal and / or encoding of a video signal.
  • the encoding process of the video signal is the encoding process described in the above embodiment.
  • the signal processing unit ex507 further performs processing such as multiplexing the encoded audio data and the encoded video data according to circumstances, and outputs the result from the stream I / Oex 506 to the outside.
  • the output bit stream is transmitted to the base station ex107 or written to the recording medium ex215. It should be noted that data should be temporarily stored in the buffer ex508 so that the data is synchronized when multiplexed.
  • the LSI ex500 is obtained by reading from the encoded data obtained via the base station ex107 by the stream I / Oex 506 or the recording medium ex215 based on the control of the control unit ex501.
  • the encoded data is temporarily stored in the memory ex511 or the like.
  • the accumulated data is appropriately divided into a plurality of times according to the processing amount and the processing speed and sent to the signal processing unit ex507.
  • the signal processing unit ex507 performs decoding of audio data and / or decoding of video data.
  • the decoding process of the video signal is the decoding process described in the above embodiment.
  • each signal may be temporarily stored in the buffer ex508 or the like so that the decoded audio signal and the decoded video signal can be reproduced in synchronization.
  • the decoded output signal is output from each output unit such as the mobile phone ex114, the game machine ex115, and the television ex300 through the memory ex511 or the like as appropriate.
  • the memory ex511 has been described as an external configuration of the LSI ex500.
  • a configuration included in the LSI ex500 may be used.
  • the buffer ex508 is not limited to one, and a plurality of buffers may be provided.
  • the LSI ex500 may be made into one chip or a plurality of chips.
  • LSI LSI
  • IC system LSI
  • super LSI ultra LSI depending on the degree of integration
  • the method of circuit integration is not limited to LSI, and implementation with a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor is also possible.
  • An FPGA that can be programmed after manufacturing the LSI or a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and setting of circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.
  • the image encoding method, the image encoding device, the image decoding method, and the image decoding device according to the present invention have been described based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Absent. Unless it deviates from the meaning of the present invention, various forms conceived by those skilled in the art are applied to the embodiment, and other forms constructed by combining components and steps in different embodiments are also included in the present invention. It is included in the range.
  • the image encoding method and the image decoding method according to the present invention can be used for, for example, a television, a digital video recorder, a car navigation, a mobile phone, a digital camera, a digital video camera, or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de codage d'image permettant d'améliorer l'efficacité de codage tout en supprimant la détérioration de la qualité d'image. Ce procédé de codage d'une image dans chaque bloc consiste à convertir une pluralité de valeurs de pixel contenues dans un bloc en une pluralité de coefficients de fréquence (S2601), et à quantifier la pluralité de coefficients de fréquence au moyen d'un ensemble de paramètres contenant une matrice de mise à l'échelle de quantification déterminée pour chaque bloc et/ou une matrice de décalage de quantification déterminée pour chaque bloc (S2602).
PCT/JP2010/006384 2009-10-30 2010-10-29 Procédé et dispositif de codage d'image, procédé et dispositif de décodage d'image WO2011052216A1 (fr)

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