WO2011051246A1 - Katalysatoren und ihre verwendung - Google Patents
Katalysatoren und ihre verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011051246A1 WO2011051246A1 PCT/EP2010/066102 EP2010066102W WO2011051246A1 WO 2011051246 A1 WO2011051246 A1 WO 2011051246A1 EP 2010066102 W EP2010066102 W EP 2010066102W WO 2011051246 A1 WO2011051246 A1 WO 2011051246A1
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- RRBMVWQICIXSEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [O-]c(c([O-])c(c(Cl)c1Cl)Cl)c1Cl Chemical compound [O-]c(c([O-])c(c(Cl)c1Cl)Cl)c1Cl RRBMVWQICIXSEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
- B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
- B01J31/223—At least two oxygen atoms present in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
- C08G18/222—Catalysts containing metal compounds metal compounds not provided for in groups C08G18/225 - C08G18/26
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/34—Other additions, e.g. Monsanto-type carbonylations, addition to 1,2-C=X or 1,2-C-X triplebonds, additions to 1,4-C=C-C=X or 1,4-C=-C-X triple bonds with X, e.g. O, S, NH/N
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/40—Complexes comprising metals of Group IV (IVA or IVB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/46—Titanium
Definitions
- the invention relates to new catalysts and their use, for example in the production of polyisocyanate polyaddition products.
- Polyurethanes have been known for a long time and are used in many fields. Frequently, the actual polyurethane reaction must be carried out using catalysts, since otherwise the reaction takes place too slowly and, if appropriate, leads to polyurethane products having poor mechanical properties. In most cases, the reaction between the hydroxyl component and the NCO component must be catalyzed. In the conventional catalysts, a distinction is made between metal-containing and non-metal-containing catalysts. Typical catalysts are, for example, amine catalysts, such as 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU), 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO) or triethanolamine.
- DBU 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene
- DABCO 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane
- Metal-containing catalysts are usually Lewis acid compounds, such as dibutyltin dilaurate, lead octoate, tin octoate, titanium and zirconium complexes, but also cadmium, bismuth (for example bismuth neodecanoate) and iron compounds.
- One requirement of the catalyst is that it catalyzes as defined as possible only one of the many polyurethane reactions, such as only the reaction between OH and NCO groups. Side reactions, such as Di- or trimerization of the isocyanate, allophanatization, biuretization, water reactions or urea formations should not be catalyzed here.
- this also refers to latent catalysts and in the thermal case of thermolatenten catalysts. These catalysts rest until the reaction mixture reaches a certain temperature. Above this temperature, they are then active, preferably abruptly active. These latent catalysts enable long pot lives and fast demolding times.
- the latent catalysts known to date and preferably used are mercury compounds.
- the most prominent representatives here is the Phenylquecksilberneodecanoat (Thorcat ® 535 and COCURE ® 44). This catalyst reveals a latent reaction profile, with the catalyst "
- a particular advantage of the latent catalysts is that, in the finished polyurethane material, they cause the cleavage of urethane groups, for example due to their decreasing catalytic activity. accelerate only slightly at room temperature compared to conventional catalysts. They thus contribute to favorable long-term use properties of the polyurethanes.
- carboxylates and quaternary ammonium salts for example, also catalyze the polyisocyanurate reaction, which must absolutely be ruled out in certain applications, for example high-performance elastomers.
- catalysts cause the gel reaction to be largely separate from the curing reaction, since many of these catalysts are only selective.
- bismuth (III) neodecanoate is combined with zinc neodecanoate and neodecanoic acid.
- WO 2005/058996 describes the combination of titanium and zirconium catalysts with bismuth catalysts.
- a decisive disadvantage of the catalyst combinations described, however, is that they are not as broad and universally applicable as the mercury catalysts and are susceptible to formulation fluctuations.
- the titanium catalysts described in WO 2008/155569 also have some disadvantages compared with the mercury catalysts. For acceptable results, the addition of an amine-based co-catalyst is necessary. This is a trimerization catalyst, which has negative effects on the physical properties of the polyurethanes in certain applications (eg cast elastomers).
- a trimerization catalyst which has negative effects on the physical properties of the polyurethanes in certain applications (eg cast elastomers).
- the catalyst combinations described must therefore be adjusted with respect to their mixing ratio to the respective requirements, ie you can not cover all applications with a combination of catalysts, which is a major disadvantage. ⁇
- the marketed product DABCO DC-2 from the company Air Products Chemicals Europe BV is a catalyst mixture of l, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO) and dibutyltin diacetate.
- DABCO 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane
- dibutyltin diacetate The disadvantage of this mixture is that the amine acts directly activating.
- Alternative systems are for example POLYCAT ® SA-1 / 10th (Fa. Air Products Chemicals Europe BV). This is acid-blocked DABCO. Although this system is thermolatent, such systems are not used because of their poor catalytic effect on curing; the elastomers prepared in the presence of these systems remain sticky at the end of the reaction; One also speaks of the "starvation" of the reaction.
- the invention relates to polyisocyanate polyaddition products having good mechanical properties, obtainable from a) polyisocyanates and b) NCO-reactive compounds in the presence of c) latent catalysts d) optionally other c) different catalysts and / or activators with the addition of e) optionally propellants f) optionally fillers and / or fiber materials g) optionally auxiliaries and / or additives, characterized in that as latent catalysts tetravalent mononuclear titanium, zirconium and / or hafnium compounds of the formula I having at least one bonded via at least two oxygen or sulfur atoms , a single nitrogen-containing ligand with nl 1 or 2, n2 and n3 0 or 1, Me Ti, Zr or Hf and L 1 two-, three- or demobindiger and L 2 , L 3 single- or divalent ligands or based thereon tetravalent polynuclear titanium, zirconium and / or
- R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4 are independently saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic, branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, optionally interrupted by hetero atoms hydrocarbon radicals or R 2, R 3, R 4 are independently hydrogen, R 1 -X or R 2 and R 3 or R 2 and R 1 or R 3 and R 1 or R 4 and R 1 or R 4 and R 2 form a ring and -XY is bonded to one Me atom with at least two oxygen or sulfur atoms and the remaining ligands are independently -XY as defined above or following Meaning:
- a single nitrogen atom-containing ligand is meant in this application ligands having a nitrogen atom and ligands containing two nitrogen atoms directly bonded to each other, preferred are ligands having a nitrogen atom.
- Another object of the invention is a process for the preparation of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products according to the invention, wherein
- Polyisocyanates (a) with NCO-reactive compounds (b) in the presence of latent catalysts (c) and optionally additional of (c) different catalysts and / or activators with the addition of optional blowing agents, optionally fillers and / or fiber materials and optionally auxiliary and / or additives are reacted, characterized in that as latent catalysts (c) tetravalent mononuclear titanium, zirconium and / or hafnium compounds of the formula I having at least one bonded via at least two oxygen or sulfur atoms, a single nitrogen atom-containing ligands with nl 1 or 2, n2 and n3 0 or 1, Me Ti, Zr or Hf and L 1 two-, three- or demobindiger and L 2 , L 3 single- or divalent ligands or based thereon tetravalent polynuclear titanium, zirconium and / or hafnium compounds are used, wherein at least one ligand per Me atom has the following meaning
- R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4 are independently saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic, branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, optionally interrupted by hetero atoms hydrocarbon radicals or R 2, R 3, R 4 are independently hydrogen, R 1 -X or R 2 and R 3 or R 2 and R 1 or R 3 and R 1 or R 4 and R 1 or R 4 and R 2 form a ring and -XY is bonded to one Me atom with at least two oxygen or sulfur atoms and the remaining ligands are independently -XY as defined above or following Meaning:
- the invention further provides latent catalysts consisting of tetravalent mononuclear titanium, zirconium and / or hafnium compounds of the formula I having at least one ligand bound via at least two oxygen or sulfur atoms and containing one single nitrogen atom or of tetracyclic or polynuclear tetravalent titanium.
- R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4 are independently saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic, branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted, optionally interrupted by hetero atoms hydrocarbon radicals or R 2, R 3, R 4 are independently hydrogen, R 1 -X or R 2 and R 3 or R 2 and R 1 or R 3 and R 1 or R 4 and R 1 or R 4 and R 2 form a ring and -XY is bonded to one Me atom with at least two oxygen or sulfur atoms and the remaining ligands are independently -XY as defined above or following Meaning: Halides, hydroxide, amide radicals, oxygen, sulfur or XR 2, more preferably alcoholates or carboxylates.
- the latent catalysts consisting of the abovementioned titanium, zirconium or hafnium (IV) compounds are preferably used in the preparation of polyisocyanate polyaddition compounds, in particular polyurethanes.
- the ligands other than the particular ligand are the ligands known from titanium, zirconium and hafnium chemistry. In the present invention, these are the ligands known from titanium, zirconium and hafnium chemistry. In the present invention, these are
- Ligands independently bound exclusively via non-carbon atoms to the titanium, zirconium or hafnium (inorganic metal compounds).
- the inorganic metal compounds - ie metal compounds without metal-carbon bonds - are preferred because of their lower toxicity to corresponding organometallic compounds.
- the ligands other than the specific ligand are preferably oxygen bridges, hydroxide, amide radicals, alcoholates, carboxylates, sulfur bridges, thiolates (each preferably having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, particularly preferably having 1 to 12 carbon atoms) and halides (preferably chloride and bromide) , Particularly preferably, the binding of the ligands to titanium, zirconium and hafnium via oxygen, eg as alkoxy group (alkoxide) or as carboxylate.
- Preferred alkoxide ligands are MeO, EtO, PrO, iPrO, BuO, tBuO, PhO and:
- carboxylate ligands are formate, acetate, propanoate, butanoate, pentanoate, hexanoate, ethylhexanoate, laurate, lactate and benzoate, more preferably ethylhexanoate, laurate and benzoate.
- the titanium, zirconium and hafnium compounds - as is well known - tend to oligomerize, so that there are often polynuclear metal compounds or mixtures of mononuclear and polynuclear metal compounds.
- the metal atoms are preferably linked to one another via oxygen atoms.
- Typical oligomeric complexes are formed, for example, by condensation of the metal atoms via oxygen or sulfur, eg, [OMe (O-R1-N (R2) -RI-O)] n where n> 1.
- oxygen or sulfur eg, [OMe (O-R1-N (R2) -RI-O)] n where n> 1.
- X is preferably oxygen, sulfur or -O-C (O) -.
- the ligand -XY is a ligand wherein X is sulfur or oxygen and Y is -CH 2 CH 2 N (R) CH 2 CH 2 S or -CH 2 CH 2 N (R) CH 2 CH 2 O.
- R is Me, Et, Bu, tBu, Pr, iPr or Ph.
- the ligand -XY is a ligand in which X is -OC (O) - and Y is -CH 2 -N (R) CH 2 C (O) O with R being Me, Et, Bu, tBu , Pr, iPr or Ph.
- Preferred as a special ligand is also:
- Preferred special ligands -X-Y are:
- the radicals R 1 can be different or the same and have the abovementioned meaning.
- the radical R2 has the abovementioned meaning.
- the radicals R' and R" and R 2 are preferably alkyl radicals.
- the radicals R 1 are preferably - (CH 2 ) n -, where n is preferably 2.
- R2 and R 'and R are preferably methyl, butyl, propyl or isopropyl, and instead of the radicals R'O and R" 0, oxygen atoms can also be present, a dinuclear metal compound connected via two oxygen bridges then being obtained.
- titanium, zirconium and hafnium catalysts the titanium and zirconium catalysts are preferred, and the titanium catalysts are particularly preferred.
- the catalyst can be incorporated into the product in the polyisocyanate polyaddition reaction. It is also possible to carry out incorporation via free NH or NH 2 groups of the ligands.
- the particular advantage of these installable catalysts is their greatly reduced fogging behavior, which is particularly important when using polyurethanes in automotive interiors. ⁇
- the formulas Ik and II show oligomerized (eg dimerized) compounds.
- An advantage of these oligomeric substances is their greatly reduced vapor pressure. This leads to low fogging values in the polyurethanes produced with these compounds, for example. Low fogging values are very important in particular in the use of polyurethanes in the automotive industry. _
- the ligands on the metal can exchange with each other or with the solvent (coordinating solvent) and form further, alternatively bridged or condensed structures with higher or differing metal core content, as is known from the titanium,
- Zirconium and hafnium chemistry is known. It is a dynamic balance.
- the latent catalysts may be combined with other catalysts / activators known in the art; For example, titanium, zirconium, bismuth, tin and / or iron-containing catalysts, as described for example in WO 2005/058996.
- the latent catalyst is added via the NCO-reactive compound or in a solvent of the reaction mixture. Also conceivable is a metered addition via the isocyanate component.
- polyisocyanates (a) which are suitable for the preparation of polyisocyanate polyaddition compounds, in particular polyurethanes, are the organic aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic polyisocyanates known to the person skilled in the art having at least two isocyanate groups per molecule and mixtures thereof.
- suitable aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates are di- or triisocyanates, e.g.
- aromatic diisocyanate e.g. 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexyl isocyanate), 3,5,5-trimethyl-1-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (isophorone diisocyan
- Polyisocyanates may be, for example, 1,5-naphthalenediisocyanate, diisocyanatodiphenylmethane (2,2'-, 2,4'- and 4,4'-MDI or mixtures thereof), diisocyanatomethylbenzene (2,4- and 2,6-tolylenediisocyanate).
- cyanate, TDI) and technical mixtures of the two isomers and l, 3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) - benzene (XDI) can be used.
- TODI (3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyl diisocyanate)
- PPDI 1,4-paraphenylene diisocyanate
- CHDI cyclohexyl diisocyanate
- the known by-products of the abovementioned organic aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic polyisocyanates with carbodiimide, uretonimine, uretdione, allophanate, biuret and / or isocyanurate structure, as well as prepolymers which by Reaction of the polyisocyanate with compounds containing isocyanate-reactive groups are used.
- the polyisocyanate component (a) may be in a suitable solvent.
- suitable solvents are those which have sufficient solubility of the polyisocyanate component and are free of isocyanate-reactive groups. Examples of such solvents are acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl isoamyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, ethylene glycol diacetate, butyrolactone, diethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N methylpyrrolidone,
- N-ethyl pyrrolidone methylal, ethylal, butylal, 1, 3-dioxolane, glycerol formal, benzene, toluene, n-hexane, cyclohexane, solvent naphtha, 2-methoxypropyl acetate (MPA).
- the isocyanate component may also contain conventional auxiliaries and additives such as rheology improvers (for example, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dibasic esters, citric acid esters), stabilizers (for example, Bronsted and Lewis acids such as hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, benzoyl chloride, organomercinic acids such as Dibutyl phosphate, furthermore adipic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, grape acid or citric acid), UV stabilizers (for example 2,6-di-butyl-4-methylphenol), hydrolysis stabilizers (for example sterically hindered carbodiimides), emulsifiers and catalysts (for example trialkylamines, Diazabicyclooctane, tin dioctoate, dibutyltin dilaurate, N-alkylmorpholine, lead, zinc, tin, calcium, magnesium octoate, the corresponding naphthenates and p-nitro
- NCO-reactive compounds (b) it is possible to use all compounds known to the person skilled in the art which have an average OH or NH functionality of at least 1.5. These may be, for example, low molecular weight diols (for example 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3- or 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol), triols (for example glycerol, trimethylolpropane) and tetraols (for example pentaerythritol), but short-chain polyamines also higher molecular weight polyhydroxy compounds such as polyether ⁇
- diols for example 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3- or 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol
- triols for example glycerol, trimethylolpropane
- tetraols for example pentaerythritol
- short-chain polyamines also higher molecular weight polyhydroxy
- polyester polyols polyethylene glycols
- polycarbonate polyols polysiloxane polyols
- polyamines and polyether polyamines polybutadiene polyols.
- Polyether polyols are accessible in a manner known per se by alkoxylation of suitable starter molecules with base catalysis or use of double metal cyanide compounds (DMC compounds).
- Suitable starter molecules for the preparation of polyether polyols are, for example, simple, low molecular weight polyols, water, organic polyamines having at least two N-H bonds or any mixtures of such starter molecules.
- Preferred starter molecules for the preparation of polyether polyols by alkoxylation, in particular by the DMC process are in particular simple polyols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol-1, 3 and butanediol-1, 4, hexanediol-1, 6, neopentyl glycol, 2-ethylhexanediol-l , 3, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and low molecular weight, hydroxyl-containing esters of such polyols with dicarboxylic acids of the type exemplified below or low molecular weight ethoxylation or propoxylation of such simple polyols or any mixtures of such modified or unmodified alcohols.
- Alkylene oxides which are suitable for the alkoxylation are, in particular, ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, which can be used in any desired sequence or else in a mixture in the alkoxylation.
- Polyester polyols may carboxylic acid derivatives in a known manner by polycondensation of low-molecular-weight poly-, such as succinic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, dimer fatty acid, trimer acid, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride , Isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, citric acid or trimellitic acid, with low molecular weight polyols, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hexanediol, butanediol, propylene glycol, gly
- polyester polyols such as, for example, lactic acid, cinnamic acid or ⁇ -hydroxycaproic acid can also be polycondensed to form polyester polyols.
- polyester polyols of oleochemical origin can, for example, by complete ring opening of epoxidized triglycerides of an at least partially olefinically unsaturated fatty acid-containing fat mixture with one or more alcohols having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and subsequent partial transesterification of the triglyceride D derivatives to Alkylesterpolyolen having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in Alkyl residue can be produced.
- suitable polyacrylate polyols are known per se to the person skilled in the art. They are obtained by radical polymerization of hydroxyl-containing, olefinically unsaturated monomers or by free-radical copolymerization of hydroxyl-containing, olefinically unsaturated monomers with optionally other olefinically unsaturated monomers, such as ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate,
- Suitable hydroxyl-containing olefinically unsaturated monomers are, in particular, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, the hydroxypropyl acrylate isomer mixture obtainable by addition of propylene oxide onto acrylic acid, and the hydroxypropyl methacrylate isomer mixture obtainable by addition of propylene oxide over methacrylic acid
- Suitable free radical initiators are those from the group of azo compounds, such as azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN), or from the group of peroxides, such as di-tert-butyl peroxide.
- Component (b) may be in a suitable solvent.
- suitable solvents are those which have sufficient solubility of the component. Examples of such solvents are acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl isoamyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, ethylene glycol diacetate, butyrolactone, diethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, N, N-dimethylformamide, ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone , N-ethyl pyrrolidone, methylal, ethylal, butylal, 1,3-dioxolane, glycerol formal, benzene, toluene, n-hexane, cyclohexane, solvent naphtha,
- the solvents may also carry isocyanate-reactive groups.
- reactive solvents are those which have an average functionality towards isocyanate-reactive groups of at least 1.8.
- These may be, for example, low molecular weight diols (for example 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3- or 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol), triols (for example glycerol, trimethylolpropane), but also low molecular weight diamines, for example polyaspartic esters, be.
- polyetheramines which can be used as component (b) are in particular diamines or triamines. Such compounds are sold, for example, by Huntsman under the name Jeffamine® or by BASF as polyetheramines.
- Crosslinker components or chain extenders are usually short-chain polyols or polyamines.
- Typical chain extenders are diethyltoluenediamine (DETDA), 4,4'-methylenebis- (2,6-diethyl) -aniline (MDEA), 4,4'-methylenebis- (2,6-diisopropyl) -aniline (MDIPA), 4, 4'-methylenebis (3-chloro-2,6-diethyl) -aniline (MCDEA), dimethylthiotoluenediamine (DMTDA, Ethacure® 300), N, N'-di (sec-butyl) -amino-biphenylmethane (DBMDA , Unilink ® 4200) or ⁇ , ⁇ '- di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine (Unilink® 4100), 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (MBOCA), trimethylene
- Aliphatic aminic chain extenders may also be used or co-used. 1,3-propanediol, 1,4- Butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and HQEE (hydroquinone di ( ⁇ -hydroxyethyl) ether).
- the process for the preparation of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products can be carried out in the presence of customary rheology improvers, stabilizers, UV protectants, catalysts, hydrolysis inhibitors, emulsifiers, fillers, optionally incorporable dyes (which therefore have Zerewitoff-active hydrogen atoms) and / or color pigments be performed. Preference is also given to adding zeolites.
- auxiliaries and additives are blowing agents, fillers, chalk, carbon black or zeolites, flameproofing agents, color pastes, water, microbial protectants, flow improvers, thixotropic agents, surface modifiers and retarders in the preparation of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products.
- Other auxiliaries and additives include defoamers, emulsifiers, foam stabilizers and cell regulators.
- Typical foaming agents are fluorohydrocarbons, pentane, cyclopentane, water and / or carbon dioxide.
- the latent catalysts can be used for the production of polyisocyanate polyaddition products, rigid and flexible foams, coatings, adhesives and sealants, semi-rigid foams, integral foams, spray and cast elastomers, resins and binders in polyurethane chemistry and of thermoplastic polyurethanes.
- Polyesters are used.
- Catalyst 1 (i-PiO) 2Ti (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2NCH 3
- Catalyst 2 Ti [(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2NCH 3] 2
- the casting time is the time after which the PUR reaction mixture significantly changes the flow behavior due to appreciable viscosity increase when poured onto a flat steel plate.
- the demolding time is the time after which the PUR specimen can be manually pressed out of the steel cylinder without deformation.
- Example 2 (polyurethane production with the catalyst 2): 280 g Desmodur ® MS 192 (. MDI prepolymer from Bayer Material Science AG, 19.2% NCO salary) (containing 470 g Baytec ® VP.PU 20GE12 Polyol from Bayer MaterialScience AG, OH number: 64 mg KOH / g), 30 g of 1,4-butanediol and 0.003 g (0.00038 wt .-%) of the catalyst 2 at 50 ° C in a 1.5 1 tin can (diameter: 120 mm, height: 135 mm) mixed. The mixture was poured into a tempered at 80 ° C and provided with release agent (Indrosil 2000) hollow steel cylinder (diameter: 40 mm, height: 80 mm). The specimen was removed. , "
- Desmodur ® MS 192 (. MDI prepolymer from Bayer Material Science AG, 19.2% -NCO) were (with 470 g Baytec ® VP.PU 20GE12 polyol from Bayer Material Science AG, hydroxyl number.: 64 mg KOH / g), 30 g of 1,4-butanediol and 0.3 g (0.038% by weight) of Thorcat 535 at 50 ° C. in a 1.5 l tinplate tin (diameter: 120 mm, height: 135 mm) mixed.
- Desmodur MS 192 (. MDI prepolymer from Bayer Material Science AG, 19.2% -NCO) Bayer Material Science AG, OH number (containing 470 g Baytec ® VP.PU 20GE12 polyol of Fa. 64 mg KOH / g), 30 g of 1, 4-butanediol and 0.024 g (0.003 wt .-%) DABCO at 50 ° C in a 1, 5 1 tinplate can (diameter: 120 mm, height: 135 mm) mixed. The mixture was heated to 80 ° C and equipped with release agent (Indrosil 2000) hollow steel cylinder
- the hardness was measured after 72 h at room temperature according to DIN 53505.
- Comparative Examples 3-6 catalysts based on blends of a titanium compound and an amine were used.
- Comparative Example 7 a common and common mercury catalyst
- Comparative Example 8 a typical catalyst based on a tertiary amine
- Comparative Example 9 a typical tin (IV) catalyst and in comparison 10 a tin (IV) catalyst with DABCO ligands was used.
- Comparative Experiments 8-10 demonstrate the lack of thermal latency of a common tertiary amine, a typical tin (IV) catalyst, and a catalyst mixture of an amine and a tin (IV) compound. From the data in Table 1 can be further seen that at about the same casting times in the inventive examples 1 and 2 demolding times were obtained which were slightly longer than that which was achieved with the established mercury catalyst (Comparative Example 7). However, the mercury catalyst has the great disadvantage of high toxicity. In comparison with the catalysts based on mixtures of a titanium compound and an amine in Comparative Examples 3-6, the demolding times obtained with the catalysts according to the invention are significantly shorter.
- the catalysts of the invention over the blends of a titanium compound and an amine in Comparative Examples 3-6 have the advantage that they can be used universally without co-catalysts and thus no different mixtures of titanium compound and co-catalyst for different applications required are.
- the catalysts according to the invention irrespective of the latency, generally have the immense advantage of higher activity.
- the catalysts of the invention can therefore _
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
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US13/503,764 US20120232181A1 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-26 | Catalysts and their use |
CN2010800491338A CN102574118A (zh) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-26 | 催化剂以及它们的用途 |
RU2012121583/04A RU2012121583A (ru) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-26 | Катализаторы и их применение |
JP2012535775A JP2013509472A (ja) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-26 | 触媒およびそれらの使用 |
CA2777163A CA2777163A1 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-26 | Catalysts and use of same |
BR112012010051A BR112012010051A2 (pt) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-26 | catalisadores e sua utilização. |
EP10768946A EP2493614A1 (de) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-26 | Katalysatoren und ihre verwendung |
MX2012004949A MX2012004949A (es) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-26 | Catalizadores y su uso. |
ZA2012/03077A ZA201203077B (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2012-04-26 | Catalysts and use of same |
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DE102009051014 | 2009-10-28 | ||
DE102009051014.1 | 2009-10-28 |
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WO2011051246A1 true WO2011051246A1 (de) | 2011-05-05 |
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PCT/EP2010/066102 WO2011051246A1 (de) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-26 | Katalysatoren und ihre verwendung |
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US (1) | US20120232181A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2493614A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2013509472A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20120104526A (de) |
CN (1) | CN102574118A (de) |
BR (1) | BR112012010051A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2777163A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2012004949A (de) |
RU (1) | RU2012121583A (de) |
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CN107922563B (zh) * | 2015-08-17 | 2020-12-08 | 科思创德国股份有限公司 | 使用环状铵盐作为催化剂改性异氰酸酯的方法 |
GB201903452D0 (en) | 2019-03-13 | 2019-04-24 | Lucite Int Uk Ltd | A catalyst and a process for the production of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids for esters |
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2010
- 2010-10-26 EP EP10768946A patent/EP2493614A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-10-26 CA CA2777163A patent/CA2777163A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-10-26 MX MX2012004949A patent/MX2012004949A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-10-26 BR BR112012010051A patent/BR112012010051A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-10-26 CN CN2010800491338A patent/CN102574118A/zh active Pending
- 2010-10-26 JP JP2012535775A patent/JP2013509472A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-10-26 WO PCT/EP2010/066102 patent/WO2011051246A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-10-26 US US13/503,764 patent/US20120232181A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-10-26 KR KR1020127010723A patent/KR20120104526A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-10-26 RU RU2012121583/04A patent/RU2012121583A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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BR112012010051A2 (pt) | 2016-05-24 |
ZA201203077B (en) | 2013-06-26 |
JP2013509472A (ja) | 2013-03-14 |
KR20120104526A (ko) | 2012-09-21 |
CA2777163A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
RU2012121583A (ru) | 2013-12-10 |
MX2012004949A (es) | 2012-06-12 |
EP2493614A1 (de) | 2012-09-05 |
CN102574118A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
US20120232181A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
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