WO2011050554A1

WO2011050554A1 - Method for directly burning and dispersedly supplying heat in biomass pyrolysis furnace

Info

Publication number: WO2011050554A1
Application number: PCT/CN2010/000022
Authority: WO
Inventors: 韩剑锋
Original assignee: 中节环(北京)能源技术有限公司
Priority date: 2009-11-02
Filing date: 2010-01-06
Publication date: 2011-05-05
Also published as: CN101693840A

Abstract

A method for directly burning and dispersedly supplying heat in a biomass pyrolysis furnace is provided, wherein a heat supply combustion device of the pyrolysis furnace is composed of several burner groups (2), all of which are dispersedly arranged at the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace along the axial direction. Each burner group (2) is composed of several small burner nozzles (3). The highest temperature in the combustion area of the furnace is controlled at less than 1600 ⁰C. The fuel supplying heat for the furnace and the oxidizer are separated before entering into the furnace and burnt in a non-premixed combustion mode in the furnace. The pyrolysis furnace is horizontally arranged and has a fixed casing (1). The biomass in the furnace is stirred by a mixing shaft (4) with bars (5). The highest temperature in the combustion area is regulated by adjusting the heat supplied from the external fuel and/or the content of the inert component in the oxidizer and/or rotating speed of the mixing shaft (4) with bars (5) in the process.

Description

Direct combustion and dispersion heating method for biomass pyrolysis furnace

The direct combustion and dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace of the invention relates to the technical field of energy chemical industry; in particular to the field of thermochemical technology of biomass; in particular, the medium temperature is rapid for biomass gasification of the entrained flow of biomass The technical field of pyrolysis treatment; specifically relates to the technical field of direct combustion dispersion heating method of biomass pyrolysis furnace. Background technique

Biomass is an organic substance produced by the absorption of carbon dioxide in the air through photosynthesis. It is widely distributed, widely available, and is the only renewable natural raw material that contains hydrocarbon components and heat. It can be used as energy source. Utilization and chemical production, with the characteristics of C0 ₂ zero emissions. With the decreasing of traditional fossil energy reserves and the environmental pollution caused by the use of fossil energy, it has become the consensus of governments of all countries to attach importance to and develop renewable and environmentally friendly energy. Through thermochemical, biochemical and other methods, it can transform biomass into clean gas or liquid fuel, produce synthetic diesel/gasoline, chemical products and meet power demand, etc. It has the potential to completely replace fossil energy and become a priority for countries around the world. New energy.

There are many ways to convert biomass into clean gas or liquid fuel. Among them, biomass high-temperature entrained gas gasification technology can adapt to all kinds of biomass compared with other technologies. The gasification temperature is higher, and the furnace temperature is compared. Uniform, the tar is completely cracked in the entrained flow bed, the CH ₄ content is less, and the gasification is refined to obtain refined syngas; The bed has excellent magnification characteristics and is especially suitable for large industrial applications. 5%。 Refined synthesis gas refers to: in the synthesis gas directly obtained by gasification, CO and the main component, no tar, CH ₄ content <0. 5%. Refined syngas is mainly used in the production of synthetic diesel/gasoline, olefins, alkanes, naphtha, lubricating oil, and as a fuel cell raw material, etc. It is suitable for the production of various chemical products and new energy utilization of various ultra-clean oil products. Especially in the field of renewable bio-energy utilization, it is the key technology of bio-shield chemical industry and biomass-based synthetic oil new energy industry. However, the entrained flow gasification has strict limits on the particle size of the raw materials, and the raw materials entering the entrained flow bed need to be ground into ultrafine micron-sized particles. However, according to the existing crushing or milling technology, it is impossible to contain more fibers. The biomass feedstock is ground to meet the particle size required for the operation of the entrained flow bed, which results in the inability to directly use the biomass feedstock for gasification of the entrained flow bed; preferably, the biomass is pyrolyzed into pyrolysis gas and solid state. The charcoal is then sent to the gas stream bed for gasification together with the solid carbon powder and the pyrolysis gas.

In order to reduce the material requirements of the pyrolysis furnace equipment, the best method is to carry out the medium temperature rapid pyrolysis treatment and decompose the biomass at a medium pyrolysis temperature of 400 °C ~ 60 TC (referred to as medium temperature pyrolysis). The hot degassing and solid carbon (grinding the solid carbon into carbon powder) are then sent to an entrained gas bed for gasification. The key to realizing the rapid pyrolysis technology of biomass is the heating method of pyrolysis furnace, which is the heat utilization efficiency, pyrolysis rate, pyrolysis product quality, and pyrolysis equipment cost and pyrolysis of biomass pyrolysis. The core of safe operation of furnace heating.

At present, the heating methods for pyrolysis of biomass are mainly divided into two types, one is indirect heat transfer pyrolysis, and the other is direct heat transfer pyrolysis. Indirect heat transfer pyrolysis is the transfer of heat to the heating element of the pyrolysis furnace, which then transfers the heat to the biomass to be pyrolyzed, as in the application number.

2000480005170. 3 Chinese patent, application number 200610124521. 3 Chinese patents, etc., are typical indirect heat transfer pyrolysis heating devices, which can better meet the needs of slow pyrolysis, but the disadvantage is the pyrolysis heating rate. Slow, low heat transfer efficiency, large heat supply, low heat utilization, especially for the large industrialized bio-shield medium temperature rapid pyrolysis demand, resulting in large external heat supply, heat transfer efficiency and low heat utilization, heating The temperature of the parts is very high or the heating parts are huge, the heating parts are extremely high in material quality and easily damaged, which basically cannot meet the requirements of rapid pyrolysis of industrial biomass.

There are two ways to directly transfer heat to the heat. One is to directly input the heat medium (such as external high-temperature flue gas) into the pyrolysis furnace; the other is to directly burn the oxidant and/or external fuel in the pyrolysis furnace. Heating, mixing directly with the biomass to be pyrolyzed. The common feature is that the heat transfer efficiency is high and the heat utilization rate can reach 100%. However, in industrial applications, if the heating method is improper, there will be great operational safety hazards.

The method of directly inputting the external high-temperature flue gas into the pyrolysis furnace will result in high temperature of the externally entering flue gas, a large amount of flue gas, extremely high requirements of the flue material, a large amount of pyrolysis furnace gas, and a subsequent gas flow. The bed gasification efficiency is low, and this direct heat transfer pyrolysis method is obviously not suitable for industrial application. At present, direct heat transfer pyrolysis generally uses direct combustion of heat in a pyrolysis furnace with oxidant and/or external fuel. For example, the pyrolysis furnace in the Carbon-V process of Colin Company of Germany burns and supplies heat. In its publicly publicized materials, its oxidant is oxygen or air, which is arranged in the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace, and the oxidant is imported into the charcoal with a sintered plate. Separated, oxidant and wood produced in the pyrolysis furnace The charcoal and the pyrolysis gas are subjected to combustion reaction for heating; the temperature of the sintered plate is extremely high, and there is a large safety hazard in the combustion state of the pyrolysis furnace. Another example is the application number

200810236614. 4 Chinese patents propose that the direct combustion reaction takes place in the pyrolysis furnace by using the externally supplied combustible gas and oxygen. The heat released by the reaction is directly used to provide the heat required for pyrolysis of the biomass, but does not explain how to carry out the combustion. The organization only mentions controlling the average temperature of the pyrolysis furnace by controlling the amount of oxidant, but does not explain how to burn the tissue heating in the pyrolysis furnace. The key to the direct combustion of the pyrolysis furnace is how to burn the structure and how to control the maximum temperature of the combustion zone. This is the key to the safe and stable operation of the pyrolysis furnace and the core of the material requirements for the pyrolysis furnace equipment.

In order to meet the various needs of biomass medium-temperature rapid pyrolysis, direct heat transfer pyrolysis is a better method, and the best method that can be implemented by engineering is direct combustion and heat pyrolysis. However, as can be seen from the above description, all known direct combustion and heat pyrolysis methods have various deficiencies and safety hazards, and cannot simultaneously satisfy high heat transfer efficiency, high heat utilization efficiency, combustion heat supply safety, and operation. Industrialized implementation requirements such as safety and stability, low investment in pyrolysis furnace equipment.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace of the present invention is a key technology that must be preferentially solved in the medium temperature rapid pyrolysis technology of biomass renewable solid fuel.

Based on the inventor's professional knowledge and years of rich practical experience and the relentless pursuit of excellence in the business, based on the careful and thorough investigation, understanding, analysis and summarization of the above-mentioned well-known technologies and status quo, based on biomass gasification bed gasification Want Under the premise of satisfying the technical requirements of "medium temperature rapid pyrolysis and pyrolysis gas multiple cracking" in the pyrolysis process of biomass, the key technology of "direct combustion and decentralized heating" is adopted for the horizontal pyrolysis furnace. , successfully developed the "direct combustion and dispersing heating method for biomass pyrolysis furnace", which can efficiently meet the requirements of raw material pretreatment for refined synthesis gas with high efficiency, safe combustion, safe and stable operation, and low investment in pyrolysis furnace equipment. , with very important practical significance and far-reaching strategic significance. Summary of the invention

The biomass pyrolysis furnace of the invention adopts the key technology of "direct combustion and dispersion heating", and the heating and burning device of the pyrolysis furnace is composed of a plurality of burner groups, all of which are arranged in the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace, and Disposed in the axial direction in the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace, and each burner group is composed of a plurality of small burner nozzles, and the maximum temperature of the combustion zone in the pyrolysis furnace is controlled below 1600 ° C; heating for the pyrolysis furnace The fuel and oxidant are separated before entering the pyrolysis furnace, and are non-premixed combustion in the pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolysis furnace is horizontally arranged, and the outer casing is fixed, and the stirring furnace is stirred in the pyrolysis furnace. The shaft rotates to agitate the biomass; according to the pyrolysis temperature requirement of the biomass feedstock entering the pyrolysis furnace, the average temperature in the pyrolysis furnace can be controlled by adjusting the amount of the oxidant; the pyrolysis furnace can be adjusted during operation The amount of fuel supplied externally and the content of the inert component in the oxidant to adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone, and the combustion zone can also be adjusted by adjusting the rotational speed of the agitator shaft with the stirring rod The highest temperature.

The objects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1. To create the preconditions for the gasification of biomass by applying an entrained flow bed; 2. To make full use of the new biomass of natural biomass, large quantity, wide distribution and renewable "biomass" Waste is a treasure and effectively protect the environment; 3. The application adopts the horizontal pyrolysis furnace. Under the premise of meeting the technical requirements of "medium temperature rapid pyrolysis", the key technology of "direct combustion and dispersion heating" is provided, and the direct combustion dispersion of the biomass pyrolysis furnace is provided. The thermal method has realized the technical requirements of high efficiency of biomass pyrolysis furnace, safety of combustion and heat supply, safe and stable operation, and low investment in equipment;

4. Lay a solid technical support for the development of biomass chemical industry and synthetic oil new energy industry; 5. Effectively protect the environment and improve comprehensive economic benefits.

The present invention achieves the intended purpose. To achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

A direct combustion dispersion heating method for a biomass pyrolysis furnace, the heating combustion device of the pyrolysis furnace is composed of a plurality of burner groups, all of which are arranged in the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace, and in the pyrolysis furnace The upper part is arranged in the axial direction, and each burner group is composed of a plurality of small burner nozzles, and the maximum temperature of the combustion zone in the pyrolysis furnace is controlled at

Below 1600 °C.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, wherein the fuel and the oxidant for heating the pyrolysis furnace are separated before entering the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis furnace is Non-premixed combustion.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace is arranged horizontally, and the furnace body shell of the pyrolysis furnace is fixed, and the pyrolysis furnace adopts a stirring rod The agitator shaft rotates to agitate the biomass. .

The direct combustion and dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace is a plant root/stem/leaf/flower/fruit, animal carcass, feces, waste rubber, coal and carbohydrate waste. The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, the fuel is divided into an externally supplied fuel, and a part of the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis of the biomass inside the pyrolysis furnace, and the externally supplied fuel It is one of a combustible gas and a fuel; the oxidant is one of oxygen, air, a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace can adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone by adjusting the amount of externally supplied fuel and the inert component content of the oxidant during operation.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the bio-shield pyrolysis furnace can also adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone by adjusting the rotation speed of the stirring shaft with the stirring rod during the operation.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace can control the average temperature in the pyrolysis furnace by adjusting the amount of the oxidant according to the pyrolysis temperature requirement of the biomass raw material entering the pyrolysis furnace. The technical solution provided by the present invention is adopted. Since the pyrolysis furnace of the present invention satisfies the technical requirements of "medium temperature rapid pyrolysis of biomass", the key technology of "direct combustion and dispersion heating" is adopted. Since the heating and burning device of the pyrolysis furnace of the present invention is composed of a plurality of burner groups, all of the burner groups are arranged in the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace, and are arranged in the axial direction in the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace, and each burner is arranged. The groups are composed of a plurality of small burner nozzles, and the maximum temperature of the combustion zone in the pyrolysis furnace is controlled below 1600 ° C; the fuel and oxidant for heating the pyrolysis furnace are separated before entering the pyrolysis furnace. Non-premixed combustion in the pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolysis furnace is horizontally arranged and the outer casing is solid In the pyrolysis furnace, the stirring shaft with the stirring rod is rotated to stir the biomass; according to the pyrolysis temperature requirement of the biomass raw material entering the pyrolysis furnace, the average amount in the pyrolysis furnace can be controlled by adjusting the amount of the oxidizing agent. Temperature; during the operation of the pyrolysis furnace, the maximum temperature of the combustion zone can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied from the outside and the content of inert components in the oxidant, and also by adjusting the rotation speed of the stirring shaft with the stirring rod To adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone. Compared with the prior art, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

1. Since the biomass of the present invention is plant roots/stems/leaves/flowers/fruits, animal carcasses, feces, coal and carbohydrate waste, and according to the pyrolysis temperature requirements of the biomass feedstock entering the pyrolysis furnace, By adjusting the amount of oxidant to control the average temperature in the pyrolysis furnace, the beneficial effects of large amount of natural raw materials, wide distribution, reproducible, convenient material selection, large choice of choice, and pyrolysis average temperature can be adjusted according to changes in raw material requirements. .

2. Since the heating fuel of the present invention can be either an external fuel such as a combustible gas and a fuel oil, or a pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass inside the pyrolysis furnace, the oxidant is a mixture of air, oxygen, oxygen and carbon dioxide gas. One of the mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen, thereby obtaining the advantages of large selection of fuel and oxidant, stable and reliable combustion, and easy implementation.

3. Since the pyrolysis furnace used in the present invention is horizontally arranged and the outer casing is fixed, the pyrolysis furnace is rotated by the stirring shaft with the stirring rod to stir the biomass, thereby obtaining the direct combustion of the pyrolysis furnace. The method of decentralized heating "based on the layout design, engineering implementation and installation operation of the pyrolysis furnace, and achieving uniform temperature in the pyrolysis furnace, Biomass heat transfer efficiency and other effects

4. Since the pyrolysis furnace heating and burning device of the present invention is composed of a plurality of burner groups, all of the burner groups are arranged in an upper portion of the pyrolysis furnace, and are arranged in the axial direction in the upper portion of the pyrolysis furnace, and each The burner group is composed of a plurality of small burner nozzles, and the maximum temperature of the combustion zone in the pyrolysis furnace is controlled below 1600 ° C, thereby satisfying the high efficiency of the medium-temperature rapid pyrolysis of biomass, the safety of combustion heating, and the safe and stable operation. The low investment requirement of the equipment has obtained the beneficial effect of implementing the carrier of the "biomass pyrolysis furnace direct combustion dispersion heating method".

5. Since the fuel and oxidant for providing combustion heat for the pyrolysis furnace are separated before entering the pyrolysis furnace, non-premixed combustion is performed in the pyrolysis furnace; thereby obtaining combustion heat of the pyrolysis furnace The operation process of the mode is safe and reliable, and the urgency and other hidden dangers are eliminated, and the beneficial effects of safe and stable operation of the equipment are guaranteed.

6. The pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention can adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied from the outside and the content of the inert component in the oxidant during operation; and also adjusting the stirring rod by adjusting The rotation speed of the stirring shaft is used to adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone, thereby obtaining the adjustment of the "highest temperature of the combustion zone". The specific implementation is flexible, simple, convenient, fast and effective, and is convenient for engineering implementation and application, and reducing the investment of equipment. effect. The key technology of "direct combustion and dissipative heating" has obtained the technical requirements to meet the "medium temperature rapid pyrolysis of biomass", providing "direct combustion and dispersive heating method for pyrolysis furnace with rapid pyrolysis of biomass". Application of material entrained flow gasification technology Difficulties have been made, and the premise technical conditions have been created, so that the natural biomass, large quantity, wide distribution, and renewable "biomass" new raw materials are turned into waste and fully utilized, and the environment is effectively protected. The development of new energy industry of synthetic oil lays the foundation for technology support, provides technical reserves and technical implementation plan, and the effect is stable and reliable, comprehensive economic benefits are good, and the beneficial effects of dependence on traditional fossil energy are eliminated. DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings are schematic illustrations of a "horizontal pyrolysis furnace" in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The solid arrows in the figure indicate the pulverized biomass feedstock inlet, the dashed arrow indicates the pyrolysis gas outlet, and the double solid arrows indicate the char outlet.

Reference numerals in the figure: 1. Furnace shell of pyrolysis furnace, 2. Burner group, 3. Small burner nozzle (small burner nozzle without premixed combustion), 4. Stirring shaft, 5. Stirring rod. detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in the attached picture:

A direct combustion dispersion heating method for a biomass pyrolysis furnace, the heating combustion device of the pyrolysis furnace is composed of a plurality of burner groups, all of which are arranged in the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace, and in the pyrolysis furnace The upper portion is axially dispersed, and each burner group is composed of a plurality of small burner nozzles, and the maximum temperature of the combustion zone in the pyrolysis furnace is controlled below 1600 °C.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, wherein the fuel and the oxidant for heating the pyrolysis furnace are separated before entering the pyrolysis furnace, The pyrolysis furnace is non-premixed combustion.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace is arranged horizontally, and the furnace body of the pyrolysis furnace is fixed, and the pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a stirring rod The agitator shaft rotates to agitate the biomass.

The direct combustion and dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, the biomass is plant root/stem/leaf/flower/fruit, animal carcass, feces, waste rubber, coal and carbohydrate compound waste.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, the fuel is divided into an externally supplied fuel, and a part of the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis of the biomass inside the pyrolysis furnace, and the externally supplied fuel It is one of a combustible gas and a fuel; the oxidant is one of oxygen, air, a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the bio-shield pyrolysis furnace can adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone by adjusting the amount of externally supplied fuel and the inert component content of the oxidant during operation.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace, in the operation of the pyrolysis furnace, can also adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone by adjusting the rotation speed of the stirring shaft with the stirring rod.

The direct combustion dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace can control the average temperature in the pyrolysis furnace by adjusting the amount of the oxidant according to the pyrolysis temperature requirement of the biomass raw material entering the pyrolysis furnace. In the above specific implementation process: a horizontally arranged pyrolysis furnace, and heat The furnace shell is fixed, and the stirring of the stirring shaft with the stirring rod is used in the pyrolysis furnace to carry out the stirring of the biomass; according to the biomass pyrolysis yield, the burner is arranged on the pyrolysis furnace The groups are arranged in a distributed manner and are implemented in two or more different quantities respectively; likewise, according to the size of the output, the small burner nozzles of each of the burner groups are also respectively carried out in more than four different quantities. Implementing; performing one of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, other combustible gas, and fuel oil separately fueled, and using pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace itself; respectively It is carried out with a mixture of air, oxygen, oxygen and carbon dioxide gas, and a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen. According to the difference in biomass raw materials, it meets the requirements of the pyrolysis temperature of the raw materials, and the heat is satisfied by adjusting the supply of the oxidant. Determining the average pyrolysis temperature of the furnace; taking the maximum temperature of the combustion flame zone in the pyrolysis furnace to be 1600 ° C or less, respectively, by changing the fuel The supply amount is used to adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone and to make it stable, to change the maximum temperature of the combustion zone by changing the content of the inert component in the oxidant and to make it stable, by adjusting the stirring of the pyrolysis furnace The rotation speed of the stirring shaft of the rod is adjusted to adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone and to make it stable. The above-mentioned various methods and implementations of various scales have successively completed a number of principle tests, small tests, medium-sized tests, and large-scale test H productivity tests, all of which have received the expected good results, fully confirming the reliability and reliability of the present invention. Operability.

Through the above specific implementation description: 1. The pyrolysis furnace adopts the horizontal arrangement, and the outer casing is fixed, and the structural cylinder in which the stirring shaft rotating with the stirring rod is used to stir the biomass in the pyrolysis furnace provides the implementation of the invention. Carrier; 2, application of pyrolysis furnace The direct combustion and dispersive heating method is scientific and reasonable, and satisfies the technical requirements of "medium temperature rapid pyrolysis of biomass"; 3. The burner group of the present invention is dispersedly arranged, and each burner group is composed of a plurality of small burner nozzles. The fuel and the oxidant are non-premixed combustion in the pyrolysis furnace, fully embodying the safety, reliability, operability, and material requirements and cost of the pyrolysis furnace equipment of the present invention; 4. The present invention The pyrolysis furnace can adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied from the outside during operation, and can adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone by adjusting the content of inert components in the oxidant, and can also adjust the The speed of the stirring shaft with the stirring rod is adjusted to adjust the maximum temperature of the combustion zone, thereby realizing the adjustment of the core "highest temperature of the combustion zone" in the pyrolysis furnace technology, and the operation is flexible and convenient in the specific implementation. Fast and effective, easy to implement and promote the application of the project, reduce the investment of equipment, the beneficial effect is significant; 5, adapt to the biomass raw materials Characteristics for the next implementation of efficient entrained flow gasification of biomass to solve the technical difficulties, the completion of the technical process feedstock. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; those skilled in the art can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the above description and the accompanying drawings; The equivalent changes of the modification, modification and evolution which are made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention, and still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

Claim

A direct combustion dispersion heating method for a biomass pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that: the heating combustion device of the pyrolysis furnace is composed of a plurality of burner groups, all of which are arranged in the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace And arranged in the axial direction in the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace, and each burner group is composed of a plurality of small burner nozzles, and the maximum temperature of the combustion zone in the pyrolysis furnace is controlled below 1600 °C.

2. The direct combustion dispersion heating method of a biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the fuel and the oxidant for heating the pyrolysis furnace are separated before entering the pyrolysis furnace. In the pyrolysis furnace, it is non-premixed combustion.

3. The direct combustion dispersion heating method of a biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the pyrolysis furnace is horizontally arranged, and a furnace body casing of the pyrolysis furnace is fixed, The pyrolysis furnace is rotated by a stirring shaft with a stirring rod to stir the biomass.

4. The direct combustion dispersion heating method of a biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the biomass is a plant root/stem/leaf/flower/fruit, animal carcass, feces, waste rubber , coal and carbohydrate waste.

5. The direct combustion dispersion heating method of a biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 2, wherein: said fuel is divided into externally supplied fuel, and heat generated by biomass pyrolysis inside said pyrolysis furnace One part of the degassing, and the externally supplied fuel is one of a combustible gas and a fuel; the oxidizing agent is one of oxygen, air, a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide gas, and a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen.

6. Direct combustion of a biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1 or 2. The method of heat dissipation is characterized in that: during the operation of the pyrolysis furnace, the maximum temperature of the combustion zone can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied from the outside and the content of the inert component in the oxidant.

The direct combustion and dispersion heating method of the biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the pyrolysis furnace is in operation, and at the same time, adjusting the stirring rod The speed of the agitator shaft is adjusted to adjust the maximum temperature in the combustion zone.