CN101003739A - Internal combustion type thermal cracking in low pressure gasification method and equipment for solid biomass - Google Patents
Internal combustion type thermal cracking in low pressure gasification method and equipment for solid biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101003739A CN101003739A CNA2007100193108A CN200710019310A CN101003739A CN 101003739 A CN101003739 A CN 101003739A CN A2007100193108 A CNA2007100193108 A CN A2007100193108A CN 200710019310 A CN200710019310 A CN 200710019310A CN 101003739 A CN101003739 A CN 101003739A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
This invention discloses a method for internal-combustion-type low-pressure pyrolysis of solid biomass. The method comprises: pyrolyzing and retorting biomass raw materials in a horizontal pressure container during incomplete combustion and stirring-moving process to obtain gas phase containing tar and CO2 and coalchar, performing catalytic cracking and redox reactions on coalchar and tar as well as on coalchar and CO2, respectively, to obtain combustible gaseous hydrocarbon compounds and CO, introducing from the exhaust mouth into a gas tank, and discharging the obtained ash residues from the residue discharg mouth. The temperature and pressure in the pressure container is 400-800 deg.C and 0.5-4 kg/cm2, respectively. Through the control of the temperature and pressure, the method realizes pyrolysis, retortion, redox and catalytic cracking in one pressure container, and realizes direct gasification of biomass. The energy conversion efficiency is higher than 90%.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus that utilizes of biomass energy, exactly is a kind of solid biomass internal combustion type thermal cracking in low pressure gasification method and device.
Two, background technology
Agricultural crop straw and forestry waste claim solid biomass usually.Direct gasification is a kind of main method that industrialized developing utilizes the solid biomass energy.Pyrolytic gasification and destructive gasifying are the main two kinds of technologies that adopt at present under the normal pressure.Pyrolytic gasification is vaporized chemical with the air, and obtaining with CO by redox reaction is the inflammable gas of main component, the common 4000～5000KJ/M of its calorific value
3With the hydrocarbon polymer is the inflammable gas of main component, and its calorific value is up to 12000～15000KJ/M
3The former finger secluding air of destructive distillation heating raw makes it the technological process that charing obtains volatile matter simultaneously, but uses the internal combustion type destructive distillation usually in the art, promptly at first makes the part material pyrolysis, utilizes the gasification heat release to heat all the other raw materials.Pyrolysis and destructive distillation also generate charcoal except that generating inflammable gas, this part charcoal can be converted into hydrocarbon polymer.As the disclosed combined bio matter of CN 2813616Y vapourizing furnace, pyrogenous origin splitting gas and charcoal are sent into the inflammable gas that generates hydrocarbon-containiproducts in the high temperature reaction stove by chemical reaction again in the vapourizing furnace.
Three, summary of the invention
Gasification process provided by the present invention, be intended to a pressurized vessel solid biomass is converted into the inflammable gas of high heating value, technical problem to be solved is to finish pyrolysis, destructive distillation, catalytic pyrolysis, redox homenergic switching process in an equipment.
The device that the present invention uses is a horizontal pressure vessel, claim internal combustion type thermal cracking in low pressure gasification stove (calling vapourizing furnace in the following text), comprise the band thermal insulation layer and be the body of heater of seat supports and feed inlet and outlet and necessary safety valve of pressurized vessel and relief valve etc., it is characterized in that opening for feed and slag-drip opening are positioned at the two ends of body of heater, make biomass material in body of heater, have enough residence times to make and react completely; Opening for feed and slag-drip opening use two-stage screw sealing feed appliance to guarantee the sealing of system respectively; Be provided with the axial advance device of band blade in the body of heater, in stirring, push the material of feed end to discharge end, use metal seal to guarantee the sealing of roller end; The required temperature and pressure of reaction in furnace is provided by the incendiary air mixture, by regulating combustion gas and compressed-air actuated ratio of mixture control temperature of combustion, by the pressure in the relief valve control stove; Air mixture can use injector tangentially to send in the stove from body of heater, also can use turbulent burner to send in the stove on the end socket of opening for feed one end.Injector, turbulent burner all should use with air compressor machine and pressure spot firearm combination accessory.For making full use of heat energy, on inboard wall of furnace body, scribble far ultrared paint and be provided with reflector.
Gasification is as follows, and pulverized biomass material adds from opening for feed, at first under the incomplete combustion condition by pyrolysis and destructive distillation, generate and to contain tar and CO
2, CO etc. gas phase and charcoal, the solid phase that contains charcoal continues by pyrolysis and destructive distillation in being stirred the process of passing, gas phase and charcoal constantly generate, simultaneously tar and the CO in charcoal and the gas phase
2Reaction, charcoal catalytic pyrolysis tar generates hydrocarbon polymer, with CO
2Be reduced to CO, last remaining lime-ash is discharged from slag-drip opening, and combustible gas is introduced gas-holder from the air outlet.This conversion process of energy needs certain temperature and pressure, 400～800 ℃ of temperature, pressure 0.5～4Kg/cm
2By controlling different temperature and pressures, the inflammable gas that obtains different hydrocarbons content (being the calorific value difference) is to adapt to different needs.The content of hydrocarbon polymer and temperature inverse correlation are with pressure positive correlation.
The present invention is by controlled temperature and pressure, in a pressurized vessel, finish multiple energy transformation forms such as pyrolysis, destructive distillation, redox, catalytic pyrolysis, realize the biomass direct gasification, and move, generate incessantly the higher and adjustable inflammable gas of calorific value continuously, simplified the technical process and the equipment of gasification greatly, energy transformation efficiency is up to more than 90%.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is depicted as the structural representation of this vapourizing furnace.
Five, embodiment
As shown in drawings.This vapourizing furnace comprises that the inflammable gas band thermal insulation layer and that be the horizontal cylindrical furnace body 3 of seat supports and thermometer socket 14, safety valve 15, the tensimeter 16 of being with relief valve and band reducing valve 11 exports, and opening for feed 19 and slag-drip opening 20 are positioned at the two ends of body of heater 3; Connect two-stage screw sealing feed appliance 2 between opening for feed 19 and the hopper 1; Slag-drip opening 20 is connected and is isolated by air locking device 9 with two-stage screw sealing feed appliance 10; Rotating shaft 5 is arranged in body of heater 3, and there is metal seal 4 end, and frame agitating vane 6 is arranged in the rotating shaft 5; Inboard wall of furnace body scribbles far-infrared radiation coating 12 and reflector 13 is set.To be arranged on the body of heater of opening for feed 19 1 ends after shaped element injector 17 and 7 assemblings of pressure spot firearm, injector 17 also is connected with gas line 18 with air compressor machine 8 outlets respectively, and the air mixture of formation is tangentially sent in the stove after being lighted by pressure spot firearm 7.
Concrete operations are as follows:
Start stirring thruster and pressure spot firearm lights air mixture preheating body of heater to 400 ℃ and keeps 1Kg/cm
2Pressure adds the biomass material that is crushed to 1～2cm size from opening for feed then, because of oxygen supply deficiency in the stove, forms incomplete combustion, and raw material is by continuous pyrolysis and destructive distillation, and generation contains tar and CO
2Deng gas phase and charcoal, charcoal catalytic pyrolysis tar generates hydrocarbon polymer, makes CO simultaneously
2Be reduced to CO, the inflammable gas of Sheng Chenging causes gas-holder from the air outlet at last, and lime-ash is discharged from slag-drip opening.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of solid biomass internal combustion type thermal cracking in low pressure gasification method, it is characterized in that: in a pressurized vessel, pulverized biomass material adds from the opening for feed of an end, and by continuously pyrolysis and destructive distillation, generation contains tar and CO under the incomplete combustion condition and in the stirring passing process
2Gas phase and charcoal, simultaneously charcoal respectively with tar and CO
2Carry out catalytic pyrolysis and redox reaction, the inflammable gas of generation is introduced gas holder from the air outlet, and the lime-ash of generation is discharged from the other end slag-drip opening, and this process is at 400～800 ℃, 0.5～4Kg/cm
2Finish under the condition.
2, be an internal combustion type thermal cracking in low pressure gasification stove by the used device of the described gasification process of claim 1, comprise the air outlet of body of heater (3), hopper (1), opening for feed (19), slag-drip opening (20), thermometer socket (14), safety valve (15), tensimeter (16) and band reducing valve (11), it is characterized in that: body of heater (3) two ends are respectively arranged with opening for feed (19), slag-drip opening (20); Be connected with two-stage screw sealing feed appliance (2) between opening for feed (19) and the hopper (1); Slag-drip opening (20) is connected with two-stage screw sealing feed appliance (10), and air locking device (9) is arranged between the two-stage; In body of heater (3), be provided with the axial stirring thruster of band blade (6), metal seal (4) arranged in the end of rotating shaft (5); On body of heater (3) inwall, scribble far-infrared radiation coating (12) and be provided with reflector (13); The body of heater of opening for feed (19) one ends is provided with pressure spot firearm (7), and pressure spot firearm (7) is connected with injector (17), and injector (17) is connected with the outlet and the gas line (18) of air compressor machine (8) respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100193108A CN101003739A (en) | 2007-01-15 | 2007-01-15 | Internal combustion type thermal cracking in low pressure gasification method and equipment for solid biomass |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100193108A CN101003739A (en) | 2007-01-15 | 2007-01-15 | Internal combustion type thermal cracking in low pressure gasification method and equipment for solid biomass |
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| CN101003739A true CN101003739A (en) | 2007-07-25 |
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| CNA2007100193108A Pending CN101003739A (en) | 2007-01-15 | 2007-01-15 | Internal combustion type thermal cracking in low pressure gasification method and equipment for solid biomass |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101709223A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-05-19 | 中节环(北京)能源技术有限公司 | Pyrolysis furnace device for mesophilic fast pyrolysis of biomass |
| CN101805647A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-08-18 | 倪建辉 | Method for preparing natural gas by biomass material thermal cracking and thermal cracking furnace used by same |
| CN101962558A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2011-02-02 | 娄底华剑科技园有限公司 | Biomass combustible gas high-temperature oxygen-free reinforced dry-distillation pyrolysis plant |
| WO2011050554A1 (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-05 | 中节环(北京)能源技术有限公司 | Method for directly burning and dispersedly supplying heat in biomass pyrolysis furnace |
| CN102492509A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 山东农业大学 | Process and equipment for automatic temperature control continuous production of biological activated carbon |
| CN102559220A (en) * | 2010-12-11 | 2012-07-11 | 苏州格瑞展泰再生能源有限公司 | Precisely controlled biomass gas and biomass carbon preparation system |
| CN102719262A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 合肥天焱绿色能源开发有限公司 | Destructive distillation and gasification method of solid biomass |
| CN101643653B (en) * | 2008-08-06 | 2013-01-02 | 李云飞 | High-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly stalk gasifier |
| CN101693839B (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2013-03-27 | 中节环(北京)能源技术有限公司 | Combustion heat supplying technology of biomass pyrolysis furnace |
| CN103160298A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-19 | 苏州格瑞展泰再生能源有限公司 | Preparation system of biomass gas and biomass charcoal |
| CN109554198A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-04-02 | 大庆庭裕清洁能源开发有限公司 | Biological fuel gas manufacturing machine |
-
2007
- 2007-01-15 CN CNA2007100193108A patent/CN101003739A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101643653B (en) * | 2008-08-06 | 2013-01-02 | 李云飞 | High-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly stalk gasifier |
| CN101693839B (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2013-03-27 | 中节环(北京)能源技术有限公司 | Combustion heat supplying technology of biomass pyrolysis furnace |
| WO2011050554A1 (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-05 | 中节环(北京)能源技术有限公司 | Method for directly burning and dispersedly supplying heat in biomass pyrolysis furnace |
| CN101709223A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-05-19 | 中节环(北京)能源技术有限公司 | Pyrolysis furnace device for mesophilic fast pyrolysis of biomass |
| CN101709223B (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2014-01-15 | 中节环(北京)能源技术有限公司 | Pyrolysis furnace device for mesophilic fast pyrolysis of biomass |
| CN101805647A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-08-18 | 倪建辉 | Method for preparing natural gas by biomass material thermal cracking and thermal cracking furnace used by same |
| CN101962558A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2011-02-02 | 娄底华剑科技园有限公司 | Biomass combustible gas high-temperature oxygen-free reinforced dry-distillation pyrolysis plant |
| CN101962558B (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2013-01-30 | 娄底华剑科技园有限公司 | Biomass combustible gas high-temperature oxygen-free reinforced dry-distillation pyrolysis plant |
| CN102559220A (en) * | 2010-12-11 | 2012-07-11 | 苏州格瑞展泰再生能源有限公司 | Precisely controlled biomass gas and biomass carbon preparation system |
| CN102559220B (en) * | 2010-12-11 | 2014-08-06 | 苏州格瑞展泰再生能源有限公司 | Precisely controlled biomass gas and biomass carbon preparation system |
| CN103160298A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-19 | 苏州格瑞展泰再生能源有限公司 | Preparation system of biomass gas and biomass charcoal |
| CN102492509A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 山东农业大学 | Process and equipment for automatic temperature control continuous production of biological activated carbon |
| CN102719262A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 合肥天焱绿色能源开发有限公司 | Destructive distillation and gasification method of solid biomass |
| CN109554198A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-04-02 | 大庆庭裕清洁能源开发有限公司 | Biological fuel gas manufacturing machine |
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Open date: 20070725 |