WO2011048252A1 - Élément de construction et procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de construction - Google Patents

Élément de construction et procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011048252A1
WO2011048252A1 PCT/ES2010/070679 ES2010070679W WO2011048252A1 WO 2011048252 A1 WO2011048252 A1 WO 2011048252A1 ES 2010070679 W ES2010070679 W ES 2010070679W WO 2011048252 A1 WO2011048252 A1 WO 2011048252A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
formwork
semi
construction
construction element
construction material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2010/070679
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Luís GARCÍA VIAR
Original Assignee
Garcia Viar Luis
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Garcia Viar Luis filed Critical Garcia Viar Luis
Priority to AU2010309719A priority Critical patent/AU2010309719A1/en
Publication of WO2011048252A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011048252A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms
    • E04B2/8641—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms using dovetail-type connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/0023—Building characterised by incorporated canalisations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8647—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties going through the forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2002/8688—Scaffoldings or removable supports therefor

Definitions

  • the invention can be included in the field of construction technique, in particular in the field of construction systems and elements.
  • the object of the present invention relates to a construction element that is especially fast and efficient, as well as precision in its finishes.
  • the prefabricated elements are, today, protagonists of all the construction works of buildings either for the structural work itself or for the complementary works of formation of roofs, walls or partitions of all kinds.
  • a second object of the present invention constitutes a construction process for said constructive element.
  • a construction element comprising a set construction material arranged inside a lost formwork, in which said lost formwork is adapted in its geometry to remain jointly fixed to the construction material during the setting of said construction material.
  • the lost formwork is constituted by a pair of semi-formwork, equipped with protuberances and / or fixing recesses to the construction material.
  • the semi-formwork are arranged in a facing manner, and between said half-formwork the construction material is poured.
  • the lost formwork is composed of an interior half-formwork, located inside the construction, and an exterior half-formwork, located outside the construction.
  • the inner half-formwork is adapted to accommodate the electrical, telephone and water conduits in the protrusions and recesses, for example, while the external half-formwork is adapted to accommodate in its protuberances and incoming auxiliary elements for mooring an exterior covering, where appropriate .
  • the space provided by the entrances and protuberances may be used as pipes to house any type of pipe, conduction, cable or similar, or any other element associated with the different services and supplies, so that in addition to allowing an easy and fast installation of this type of elements, it guarantees an adequate protection of them.
  • the protrusions and recesses can adopt very varied cross sections, both of regular and irregular geometries, being able to be consequently rectangular, circular, trapezoidal or in any other way, leaving a sufficient interior space to admit the insertion of the mentioned anchoring accessories of lining elements, of the type of profiles or with any other configuration.
  • the anchoring accessories can be integral with respective internal accessories with the help of pins, screws or similar that, passing through a frontal opening, are interlocked in the corresponding internal accessory.
  • the recesses and the protuberances are used for anchoring external accessories with the help of pins or screws that pass through the longitudinal openings and whose heads, larger in diameter than said opening, are housed inside .
  • the recesses and the protuberances allow the application of intermediate separators that maintain constant the separation between the half-forms of both faces, in accordance with the thickness provided for the wall or partition to be constructed.
  • the half-forms are made of metal sheets, such as black sheet, galvanized sheet, galvanized sheet, lacquered sheet, laminated sheet, or any other similar, of a thickness preferably between 0.50 and 0.75 mm, shaped as usual in this field of the art, for example, by folding or drawing.
  • the bumps and the recesses are defined in the sheet by the forming procedure itself, since be it folded, stuffed or any of the known and usually used in the field of art.
  • said half-formwork can incorporate stiffening projections that, similar to the protuberances and recesses, can be formed by drawing or folding, preferably, and which provide said semi-formwork stiffness and resistance.
  • the projections have a rectangular shape of substantially smaller dimensions than those of the protuberances and the recesses.
  • the half-forms are constituted by plates constructed from plastic or polymeric materials, reinforced or not, such as polyester with fiberglass, PVC, etc.
  • the entrances can be generated in the process of manufacturing the semi-formwork, according to molding or any of the methods usually used in the field of the art.
  • the protuberances can be materialized by slats, preferably of wood, fixed internally to the semi-formwork.
  • the shape (trapecially or functionally equivalent) of the cross-section of the slats allows a clamping between the semi-formwork, the slat and the building material in which the wall or partition is made.
  • a second object of the invention is a process for developing construction elements of the type of walls and partitions using the semi-formwork described above.
  • the procedure comprises three main phases, in addition to a preliminary phase (which is not an object of the present invention) for the preparation of a construction project with its plans and details for staking. This defines the measure of the formwork to be used and the trace of the facilities that must run through each of the construction elements.
  • the planned facilities electrical, water, communications, etc.
  • said installations are preferably vertical, notwithstanding that it may eventually be convenient to make a cut to place, according to dimensions, the junction boxes, mechanism boxes, or some horizontal or oblique canalization of reduced length. This is based on the physical design of the semi-formwork that, as is known, have the grooves in vertical orientation. At the top or bottom, as appropriate, appropriate deliveries will be left for subsequent connections that will run through a suspended ceiling or floating floor.
  • the second phase is executed, which consists of lifting the semi-formwork with all the installations and accessories pre-installed in the first phase, until positioning them vertically and using them in the traditional way as lost formwork.
  • Semi-formwork are arranged in pairs, to define both sides of the construction elements, supporting them on foundation plinths, securing them vertically with struts, or as deemed convenient, and ensuring the distance between semi-formwork with distance elements, so that when making the filling with the filling material (concrete, lightened mortar or plastic foams, for example) both the verticality and the distance between the semi-formwork, which are decisive in the final finish, are maintained.
  • the filling material concrete, lightened mortar or plastic foams, for example
  • the third phase is undertaken, which includes, first of all, finishing the installations of electricity, water, communications or any other type and, then, the placement of the cladding elements provided in the project, holding them as appropriate in each case by means of nails, screws, screws / nuts, etc.
  • the main advantage is the lowering of the final product derived from the significant reduction in labor costs as a result of the speed with which the construction is carried out.
  • the programming, the meticulous preparation of the work to be carried out and the speed of the construction have a direct impact on an improvement in efficiency, in global returns and in the reduction of financial expenses.
  • the process of the invention stands out for reducing transport costs, since only semi-formwork, finishing materials and installation accessories must be collected;
  • the construction material, such as mortar or the like is supplied in concrete mixers and pumped, resulting in that when using fillers based on lightened mortars and polyurethane foams, the total loads are lower than those of traditional construction systems.
  • the semi-formworks provide for themselves not only the waterproofing of the facades but also sensible improvements from the acoustic and thermal point of view.
  • radial installations In said radial electrical installations, the main electrical panel, as well as all the wiring of the house or, in general, of the building, arrives prepared to the workshop, the cables with the terminals installed and properly numbered, in such a way that the installation on site It can be executed by the operators themselves, since the route and installation of each cable are specified in a plan. With this system of radial electrical installations a gain in quality of the installation is achieved, as well as a saving of labor and, in general, of costs.
  • Fig. 1 shows two half-forms occupying opposite positions and arranged in an upright position.
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective of a semi-formwork made of sheet metal comprising stiffener projections interspersed between the protuberances.
  • Figs. 3a and 3b show two examples of preferred embodiment in which the semi-formwork is constituted by a plate of plastic material filled with a water-repellent agglomerate, in a first case (fig. 3a) provided with recesses and, in a second case, (fig. 3b) equipped with slats as a protuberance.
  • Fig. 4 represents the general arrangement of the different elements involved in the formwork and concreting process for the formation of a partition.
  • Fig. 5 represents the last phase of the construction process, in which the auxiliary structures are removed and the interior and exterior surfaces are coated according to the type of finish chosen. In this case, we have chosen coating tiles on the outside and plastered on the inside.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic view, in perspective from above, of a lost formwork (1) according to the invention composed of two half-forms (1 1, 12) made of folded sheet metal or embedded, and that adopt a substantially flat configuration, where from one of whose faces project multiple protrusions (2) and recesses (5), integral with the body of the half-formwork (1 1, 12), extended according to the longitudinal direction of said half-formwork (1 1, 12), equal and parallel to each other, and in successively equidistant positions.
  • the protuberances (2) and the recesses (5) have a profile whose cross section can take different alternative forms, to form interior housings which are accessed through a longitudinal groove (3) of considerably smaller width than that of the space of accommodation
  • Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment in which the semi-formwork (1 1, 12) additionally incorporates stiffeners (32) interleaved between the recesses (5), which provide greater rigidity and strength.
  • a wall or similar under construction is schematically shown in Figure 4, whose external faces are delimited by a set of semi-formwork (1 1, 12) successively aligned on each side of the wall, and separated by a predetermined distance that goes to define the thickness of the wall or partition once it is filled with a construction material (20).
  • the protuberances (2) and the recesses (5) constitute the means of maintaining said semi-formwork (1 1, 12) in their position by insertion into the material (20) once said material (20) has set.
  • the grooves (3) are exposed for fixing the outer lining (7).
  • FIG. 5 a schematic view can be seen in which semi-formwork (1 1, 12) positioned vertically on both sides of a wall or similar under construction appear with the use of mortar, concrete or other material (20), where the thickness The wall is determined precisely by the separation between the half-forms (1 1, 12). Thanks to the configuration of the recesses (5), a multiplicity of separators (13) can be coupled, which will be described later in more detail.
  • Said coupling by means of spacers (13) immobilizes a half-formwork (1 1, 12) on one side of the wall with respect to the half-formwork (1 1, 12) on the opposite side of the wall, thereby guaranteeing the maintenance of the uniformity of the thickness of the wall, and these separators (13) being buried by the material (20) of the wall, thereby helping to reinforce said wall after the setting of the material (20).
  • Figures 3a and 3b show two examples of embodiment of half-formwork (1 1, 12) on plastic plates.
  • the protuberances (2) and the recesses (5) have a profile whose cross section can take different alternative forms, to form interior housings that are accessed through a longitudinal groove (3) of considerably smaller width than that of the space accommodation.
  • Figure 3a shows a semi-formwork (1 1, 12) made of plastic plates provided with a water-repellent chipboard filling (33).
  • Figure 3b also shows an outer formwork half (12) made with plastic plates filled with water-repellent chipboard (33), comprising protrusions (2) materialized according to wooden slats (30) fixed inside the half-formwork (1) 1, 12).
  • THIRD EMBODIMENT MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE
  • said half-forms (1 1, 12) are placed horizontally or in the position that is considered most comfortable and in the interior half-form (1 1) they are presenting flexible pipes for electrical conduits (4), the register boxes (24), the boxes for switches or plugs (25), the pipes for water conduction (26) with their stopcocks (27) and fittings of outlet for hoses (28), leaving deliveries at the top and bottom so that, at the time, you can proceed to the joint with the facilities that run on a false ceiling or under a floating floor.
  • a padding (29) of polyurethane foam or similar product are secured and immobilized in position with a padding (29) of polyurethane foam or similar product.
  • the outer half-formwork (12) is equipped with accessories adapted for the mooring of cladding elements (7), such as slats (30) of wood, hooks, threaded studs, special screws etc., whose operation is very easy because all these elements can be secured on grooves (3).
  • slats (30) of wood, hooks, threaded studs, special screws etc. whose operation is very easy because all these elements can be secured on grooves (3).
  • slats (30) that are perfectly adjusted in said grooves (3) because its cross section has been prepared so that they can slide through the interior of said grooves (3 ) without the possibility of detachment when they must work as a support for the lining elements (7).
  • Another possibility is to fasten the slats (30) to the half-forms (1 1, 12) by means of screws (not shown).
  • the construction material (20) which can be concrete, mortar or the type of mass chosen in the project, is pumped through a supply hose (19) in the space between both semi-formwork (1 1, 12) which, as indicated, act as lost formwork (1).
  • the support structure (14), scaffolding boards (15) and other elements such as nuts (17) and threaded bars (16) are removed.
  • Third phase.- see figure 5

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'élément de construction selon l'invention comprend un matériau de construction ayant pris disposé à l'intérieur d'un coffrage perdu constitué d'une paire de demi-coffrages pourvus de saillies et/ou de retraits de fixation au matériau de construction, et définissant des rainures. Les demi-coffrages sont disposés face à face et ils sont conçus pour permettre le déversement du matériau de construction dans le creux existant entre lesdits demi-coffrages. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant a) à placer dans les rainures des installations de l'eau, de la lumière et de la fibre optique, et b) à mettre en place deux demi-coffrages puis à les remplir avec un matériau de construction jusqu'à la prise; et les étapes éventuelles qui consistent à relier les installations et/ou à installer les éléments d'habillage.
PCT/ES2010/070679 2009-10-22 2010-10-22 Élément de construction et procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de construction WO2011048252A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2010309719A AU2010309719A1 (en) 2010-10-22 2010-10-22 Construction element and method for producing said construction element

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2683299A CA2683299A1 (fr) 2009-10-22 2009-10-22 Element de construction et procede de fabrication
CA2683299 2009-10-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011048252A1 true WO2011048252A1 (fr) 2011-04-28

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ID=43618739

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2010/070679 WO2011048252A1 (fr) 2009-10-22 2010-10-22 Élément de construction et procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de construction

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CA (1) CA2683299A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011048252A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2139197A1 (de) * 1971-08-05 1973-02-22 Konrad Schweiker Bauelement mit einer verlorenen schalung
BE902661A (fr) * 1985-06-14 1985-09-30 Meester Leopold E J M J De Coffrages perdus pour la construction de parois equipees.
EP0757137A1 (fr) * 1995-08-01 1997-02-05 Willibald Fischer Coffrage
WO2007084005A1 (fr) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-26 Leif Berland Element de mur

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2139197A1 (de) * 1971-08-05 1973-02-22 Konrad Schweiker Bauelement mit einer verlorenen schalung
BE902661A (fr) * 1985-06-14 1985-09-30 Meester Leopold E J M J De Coffrages perdus pour la construction de parois equipees.
EP0757137A1 (fr) * 1995-08-01 1997-02-05 Willibald Fischer Coffrage
WO2007084005A1 (fr) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-26 Leif Berland Element de mur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2683299A1 (fr) 2011-04-22

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