WO2011042154A1

WO2011042154A1 - Method for producing fins for a friction coupling and method for producing friction linings for fins of a friction coupling

Info

Publication number: WO2011042154A1
Application number: PCT/EP2010/006068
Authority: WO
Inventors: Henning Rosenow; Guido Hopf
Original assignee: Getrag Ford Transmissions Gmbh
Priority date: 2009-10-06
Filing date: 2010-10-05
Publication date: 2011-04-14
Also published as: DE102009048377B4; DE102009048377A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing fins for a friction coupling, a brake or the like, wherein each fin has a main body (10, 20), wherein the form and contour of the main body is substantially determined in a shaping step of the method and wherein the main body is processed or coated in at least one other processing step following the shaping step. The method according to the invention is further characterized in that at least two main bodies remain interconnected in the shaping step by way of connecting means (30, 40) or are interconnected after the shaping step, wherein a group of the at least two main bodies thus obtained or formed is supplied to the at least one other processing step as a compound structure, and friction linings as composite bodies remain interconnected by way of connection means and are not separated from each other until the end of the process chain, after application to a plurality of main bodies that may be connected to each other, by way of a suitable method.

Description

Method for producing lamellae for a friction clutch and method for producing friction linings for lamellae of a friction clutch

Description:

The invention relates to a method for producing lamellae for a friction clutch, a brake or the like, wherein each lamella has a main body, wherein in a shaping step of the method, the shape and contour of the base body is substantially determined and wherein in at least one further, the shaping step subsequent processing step, the body edited and / or coated. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing friction linings for slats of a friction clutch.

EP 1 074 758 B1 describes a process for the production of lamellae, wherein a pre-treated basic body made of steel has a previously prepared one

Reibbelagmischung is applied by powder spraying. Thereafter, the applied to the body friction lining mixture is prefixed, compacted and cured in a final process step.

Since the pretreatment of the steel base may comprise several individual steps, e.g. Washing, hot-smoothing, etching and coating, a variety of process steps for the production of friction linings provided with a friction clutch is necessary. The multitude of successive process steps

CONFIRMATION COPY leads to a comparatively complicated production and thus to high manufacturing costs of the slats.

From EP 0 305 582 B1 a method for producing a lamella is known in which a paper-like material is used as a friction lining, which is applied to the base body. The friction lining has a plurality of grooves through which a desired flow direction for oil to be achieved when the blade is installed in a wet friction clutch. The introduction of the grooves in the friction lining leads to further process steps in the production of a lamella.

From DE 43 32 466 C2 discloses a method for the production of fins for a friction clutch is also disclosed, which is designed as a double clutch. The dual clutch has two clutches arranged one inside the other in the radial direction, that is to say a radially inner clutch and a radially outer clutch. Each clutch is assigned a disc pack. An inner diameter of a lamella of the radially outer coupling is greater than an outer diameter of a lamella of the radially inner coupling. DE 43 32 466 C2 proposes to produce a Rohlamelle that covers the outer diameter of the blade of the outer clutch and the inner diameter of the blade of the inner clutch, and from each of both a blade for the inner clutch and a blade for the external clutch is made. Thus, unnecessary waste can be avoided, which makes the production of fins of such a double clutch cheaper.

However, there is a continuing need for additional methods of manufacturing slats for a friction clutch, a brake or the like, which make it possible to produce the slats easily and inexpensively.

The object underlying the invention is achieved by the method according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments may be taken from the subclaims. Furthermore, the object is achieved by a method for producing friction linings according to claim 13. The method according to claim 1 is characterized in that at least two main body remain connected by connecting means in the forming step with each other or are connected to each other after the forming step.

A group of at least two basic bodies obtained thereby or formed is supplied as a composite to at least one further processing step.

The basic idea of the invention is to supply a plurality of base bodies, which are made of steel for example and shape and contour during the shaping step by punching or other shaping processes, not as separate workpieces of the further process sequence, but only after at least one further processing step or possibly only at the end the manufacturing process to separate them. The shaping step may include, for example, fine blanking, laser beam cutting or water jet cutting.

For the production of fins for friction clutches, starting from the main body, various individual steps are required, such as e.g. Washing, hot-smoothing, etching, coating, application of friction linings, hot pressing, trimming, milling, grinding, flame, measuring. The capacity and operating costs of manufacturing equipment for these different process steps are directly dependent on the number of manufactured parts. Since, according to the invention, at least two main bodies are supplied as a composite to the at least one further processing step or to the many further processing steps, the number of parts that have to undergo the various processing steps is reduced. As a result, the capacity of each individual production plant can be multiplied in accordance with the number of interconnected basic bodies. The share of personnel, operating and depreciation costs in the production costs per lamella or basic body is thereby significantly reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, a first base body and a second base body are arranged concentrically in the composite. It is also possible for more than two basic bodies (for example three or four basic bodies) to be arranged concentrically in the composite. Each base body has substantially the shape of a disc, wherein an outer diameter of the disk-shaped base body is smaller than an inner diameter of the nearest outer base body. Prefers Thus, the method for producing double-clutch vanes with radially nested couplings can be used. The base bodies can also be arranged side by side in a composite, for example as a quadruple composite with a square arrangement of the lamination centers or the centers of the base bodies. Also, a combination of concentrically arranged and juxtaposed basic bodies is possible.

The arrangement of the lamination centers of side by side arranged bodies can also mark the vertices of a rhombus, which can lead to less waste of the starting material for the body. Also, base bodies of different sizes can be arranged so that the material loss is minimized.

The main body (preferably made of steel, but other materials such as carbon or plastic come into question) may be internally and / or externally toothed. For example, a composite is possible in which the first base body is internally toothed and the second base body is externally toothed. It is also possible that in composite both main body or all basic body are only internally or externally toothed.

The connecting means may comprise at least one connecting member, by which the two base bodies are interconnected. In a preferred embodiment, the connecting member is formed integrally with the at least two main body. The connecting member may be a web whose thickness is less than the thickness of the base body. Any burrs that occur when cutting the web for the purpose of separating the base body, then do not protrude beyond the surface levels of the body, so that can be dispensed with a subsequent removal of the burrs.

Preferably, a plurality of connecting members are used, so that a firm bond of at least two basic bodies arises via the connecting members. The requirement for the degree of stability or strength of the composite depends on which forces the composite is exposed to in the one or more subsequent processing steps. In a composite with concentrically arranged basic bodies, a plurality of connecting members may be provided, which extend between the two coaxially arranged basic bodies and are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. For example, three connecting members may be provided, which are arranged at a distance of 120 ° on the circumference between the basic bodies. However, it may also be appropriate to position the links at irregular intervals to each other.

The connecting member is preferably designed so that it is easily separable, without damaging the body or the base. Also should be caused by any residues after the separation no functional impairment of the slats. The connecting member may have a predetermined breaking point, through which a defined separation of the interconnected base body can take place.

The production of the connecting member may be carried out by a separation method (e.g., stamping, fine blanking, laser beam cutting, water jet cutting). Also, the connecting member may be manufactured by a primary molding or forming method (e.g., die casting or sintering). Another possibility of production consists of detachable or non-detachable joint connections (for example welding, soldering or gluing).

The connecting means may also comprise a friction lining, by which the at least two basic bodies are connected to one another. Thus, the friction lining in the production of the lamellae has the special task of connecting two or more base bodies with each other, so that this composite can be supplied to the further processing steps. Regardless of the particular function of the friction lining to couple two basic body together so that a composite is formed, the inventive method can be equally applied to uncoated body, coated on one side and coated on both sides body.

The connecting means may comprise alignment means (eg bores, pins, etc.), by means of which it is possible to align the at least two basic bodies over only one component. With a concentric arrangement of the basic body in the composite, the base body can be centered on the alignment means together for processing. The necessary separation of the jointly connected basic body can be integrated in an already provided process step. As a result, the costs for separating the main body can be minimized. The separation is expedient, as already stated above, at the end of the process chain, but can also be done before the end.

The production of lamellae for a friction clutch of a brake or the like can also lead to a cost-effective method for producing friction linings for these lamellae to a cost savings. The method for producing friction linings for fins of a friction clutch, a brake according to claim 13 is characterized in that at least two friction linings remain connected to each other by connecting means in the forming step in which the friction linings receive substantially their final shape and contour or after this shaping step be connected to each other, wherein a group of the at least two friction linings obtained thereby or is supplied as a composite at least one further processing step or a plurality of processing steps. Thus, not only the production of the body can be significantly simplified, but also the production of the friction linings, with which the body are coated. Of course, it is also possible to pass only the friction linings according to claim 13 in the composite through the different processing steps and the main body of the slats as known after the shaping step separately supplied to the other processing steps.

In a preferred embodiment of the method for producing friction linings, the connecting means comprise a carrier ring which projects beyond an outer edge of a main body of a lamella and connects the linings to one another. The friction linings can be friction lining segments, which are arranged side by side on the circumference of the base body.

Thus, a method for producing lamellae of a friction clutch, a brake or the like, and for producing friction linings for the slats is proposed, each lamella having a base body, wherein in a basic body-forming step of the method, the shape and contour of the base body in wherein the basic body is machined or coated in at least one further processing step following the basic body shaping step, the shape and contour of the friction lining being substantially determined in a friction lining shaping step of the method, and wherein in at least one other the friction lining Forming step following processing step, the friction lining is processed or coated. This method is characterized in that at least two friction linings remain connected to one another by first connecting means in the friction lining forming step or are joined together after the friction lining forming step, whereby a group of the at least two friction linings obtained or formed thereby form a friction lining composite and the basic bodies coated with this friction lining composite.

At least two basic bodies can remain connected to each other by second connecting means in the basic body forming step or be connected to each other after the basic body forming step, whereby a group of the two basic bodies obtained or formed thereby form a basic body composite and this basic body composite with the friction lining composite is coated. Preferably, the coating of the base body with the friction lining composite is carried out by hot pressing.

Reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, the invention is explained in detail. Show it:

Fig. 1 concentrically arranged and interconnected main body (Fig.

1a to 1 b);

Fig. 2 concentrically arranged and interconnected basic body, partially with alignment means (Figure 2a to 2c).

3 shows two basic bodies with friction linings aligned in a form in cross section (FIGS. 3a to 3c);

4 shows a composite of eight interconnected basic bodies; Fig. 5 is a composite of eight interconnected primitives in another arrangement

6 shows various method steps for producing lamellae for a friction clutch; and

7 shows various method steps for producing lamellae for a friction clutch with basic bodies in the composite and friction linings in the composite.

Figure 1 shows various annular or disc-shaped base body for a lamella, which can be used for example in a friction clutch, a brake or the like. FIG. 1a shows a composite of two basic bodies 10, 20 which are arranged concentrically with respect to one another and which are connected to one another via three differently designed connecting members 30, 40, 50. The connecting members 30, 40, 50 extend in the radial direction from a first, outer body 10 to a second, inner body 20. The connecting members 30, 40, 50 are uniformly spaced at 120 ° in the circumference of the base body 10, 20 arranged.

The first main body 10 has an internal toothing 11, by means of which a positive connection in the circumferential direction is possible with a correspondingly toothed disk carrier of the friction clutch. Also, the second base body 20 has an internal toothing 21 for the corresponding positive connection with a plate carrier.

The connecting member 30 has a substantially bulbous basic shape 31. The connecting member 30 can be produced in the shaping step, in which the main body 10, 20 receive their substantially final shape and contour. The shaping can be done, for example, by punching, whereby the connecting member 30 remains by corresponding recess during punching. Thus, the link has the same material as the main body 10, 20, namely preferably steel. Preferably, irrespective of shape and manufacture, the connecting element thus has the same material as the connected basic bodies 10, 20. The connecting member 40 has two circular end portions 41, 42, which are connected to a central web 43 with each other (so-called bone shape). The circular end portions 41, 42 form with correspondingly shaped recesses in the basic bodies 10, 20 a positive connection. The connecting member 40 is a separate component, which is formed integrally with neither the first base body 10 nor with the second base body 20. Such a one-piece is given at link 30.

The connecting member 50, however, is integrally formed with the first base body 10 and has a circular end portion 51 which forms a positive connection with a correspondingly shaped recess in the second body 20. The embodiment of Figure 1a thus shows that the connecting members can be designed differently and can be made in one piece or (partially) separately.

Components or features which are similar or identical to the components or features described in FIG. 1a are also provided with the same reference numbers in the other figures.

FIG. 1b shows a composite consisting of two basic bodies 10, 20. The first and outer basic body 10 has an external toothing 12 in contrast to FIG. 1a. The second and inner base body 20 has an internal toothing 21, as in FIG. 1 a.

The main body 10, 20 are connected to each other via three identically constructed connecting members 60. The connecting member 60 consists essentially of a web 61, which extends in one piece from the inner second base body 20 in the radial direction to the first base body 10. As in Figure 1a, a total of three connecting members for connecting the base body 10, 20 are provided, which are arranged uniformly on the circumference.

FIG. 1 c shows a composite which, in addition to the first main body 10 and the second main body 20, has another, a third main body 70. The first base body 10 is formed with an internal toothing 11, while the second Base body 20, which lies in the radial direction between the first base body 10 and the third base body 70, is provided with an external toothing 22. The third base body 70, like the first base body 10, has an internal toothing 71.

While the first base body 10 and the second base body 20 are connected via circumferentially uniformly distributed connecting members 60, the connection between the second base body 20 and the third base body 70 via connecting members 80, which are arranged irregularly on the circumference.

FIG. 1 d is intended to make clear that the connection between the base body 10, 20 can also take place via a friction lining 90. The friction lining 90 is shown only in segments. The friction lining 90 has grooves 91 which are open at an inner end 92 and closed at an outer end 93. The friction lining 90 can, as already mentioned, extend over the entire circumference or even cover only peripheral areas. FIG. 1d shows further friction linings 100, 110, wherein here too these friction linings are shown only in one segment and can extend over the entire circumference of the base bodies 10, 20. The friction lining 100 has no grooves. The friction lining 110, however, has internal grooves 111 and external grooves 112 extending in the radial direction.

It is clear from the combination of FIGS. 1a to 1d that the base bodies (two or more base bodies) can be connected to one another with differently shaped connecting members or else with differently formed friction linings. The arrangement of the links can be done regularly or irregularly. It is also possible to combine different connecting means with each other. For example, a connection between the bodies may be made by integrally molded links (such as link 30) and at the same time by a friction pad (e.g., friction pad 90).

For example, Figure 2a shows such an embodiment in which the first base body 10 and the second base body 20 via integrally formed connecting members 60 and, for example via the friction lining 120 are interconnected. The friction lining 120, which is also shown only in sections, has inner segments 121 and outer segments 122, wherein the inside ing segments 121 are connected to the inner second body 20. The outer segments 122 are connected to the first base body 10. A connection of the segments 121, 122 via webs 123 which extend in the radial direction.

Further embodiments of the friction lining are designated 130, 140. The inner segments 141 of the friction lining 140 are connected to each other via a protruding edge 142. Outer lying segments 141 of the friction lining 140 are flush with the first base body. The connection of the inner segments 143 with the inner segments 141 takes place as with friction lining 120 via radially extending webs 144. The protruding edge 142 can be separated in a processing step, so that then the half-closed grooves 145 (as shown in Figure 2a) then to Both sides would be open.

The friction lining 130 has two protruding edges 131, 132. The inner protruding edge 132 connects the inner segments 133, while the outer protruding edge 131 outer segments 134 connects to each other. By removing the protruding edges 131, 132, the half-closed grooves 135 shown in FIG. 2a are opened on both sides.

FIGS. 2 b and 2 c each show interconnected main bodies 10, 20, wherein the connection of the main bodies 10, 20 via connecting members 150 and the connection of the friction linings is effected via differently formed friction linings 160, 170, 180 connected by means of connecting webs. Furthermore, FIGS. 2b, 2c show guide elements 190, by means of which the composite of the two base bodies 10, 20 can be aligned to form the composite of the friction linings for the front and rear sides in a mold 200 (see FIG. 3).

FIGS. 3 a to 3 c each show, in cross-section, a shape 200 that is essentially rotationally symmetrical about a central axis 203. The shape 200 has an inner annular edge 201 and an outer annular edge 202. Furthermore, in FIGS. 3b and 3c, the guide element 190 can be seen in the form of a pin. This guide element is not present in FIG. 3a. On the one hand, FIGS. 3a to 3c show different possibilities for centering the base body and the friction linings in the mold 200 and thus aligning them with one another. On the other hand, they show that the composite bodies, the friction linings in the composite or also the base body and friction linings can all be used together in the 200 mold.

FIG. 3 a shows a composite of two basic bodies 10, 20, which are connected via at least one connecting member 210 (and further connecting members, not shown here) and form a composite. This composite is aligned by abutting the outer edge 202 of the mold 200. Good to see that the connecting member 210 is fed relative to the thickness of the base body 10, 20, that is, has a smaller thickness. As a result, the danger can be reduced that any burrs beyond the planes of the surfaces of the base bodies protrude after the connecting member 210 has been severed.

Both underside and upper side friction linings 211, 212, 213, 214 are arranged, wherein the upper friction linings 213, 214 are connected by a likewise constricted connecting member 215 together. The composite, consisting of the friction linings 213, 214, abuts against the inside 201 of the mold 200. This system is, as in the case of the system of the base body 10, 20 on the outer side 202, illustrated by an arrow with a Z arranged therein. The underlying friction linings 211, 212 are connected via a constricted connecting member 216. The corresponding composite abuts against the inside 201 of the mold 200.

FIG. 3b shows a possible alignment of base bodies 10, 20 and friction linings 211, 212, 213, 214, in which only the base bodies 10, 20 are connected to one another by connecting links that are not to be recognized here in FIG. 3b. The centering or alignment in the mold 200 takes place via the guide elements 190 (see also FIG. 2), wherein the composite of the main body 10, 20 abuts either on an inner side 191 or on an outer side 192 of the guide element 190. The friction linings 211, 212, 213, 214 must each be aligned separately in the guide 200. Thus, the friction lining 213 is aligned by contact with the outer side 202, while the friction lining 214 rests against the inner side 201 of the mold 200 for the purpose of centering. FIG. 3c now shows the case in which the friction linings 211, 212 on the one hand and the friction linings 213, 214 on the other hand each represent a composite. The alignment of the friction linings takes place via the guide element 190. The base bodies 10, 20 are not connected to one another, so that they are individually aligned in the mold 200 by corresponding contact with the sides 201, 202.

The pin or the guide member 190 cooperates with alignment means in the form of a bore 181 (see Fig.2c), which are part of the connecting means or the friction lining 180. This is not only a centering, so an orientation in the radial direction, but also in the circumferential direction. However, it is also possible to provide in the circumferential direction no system for aligning.

Figure 4 shows an example of a composite, which consists of eight basic bodies. Connecting members 220 thereby create a waste-optimized connection between the (partial) assemblies to be arranged in an invisible manner, as already illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3. The four centers of the main body lie on the corners of a rhombus. Figure 5 shows another arrangement in which the centers of the main body form a square.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 in particular show a sequence of different method steps, from which it emerges when in the method the alignment / centering according to FIG. 3 of the composite with the friction linings takes place.

Process steps 230 to 232 make it possible to produce the friction lining composite workpieces that have to be applied to basic body composite workpieces. In method step 230, paper is scooped and subsequently pressed and dried in method step 231. The result of these method steps is a paper ring, which receives its shape and contour in method step 232.

Parallel to this, the composite is produced from the basic bodies 10, 20 in method steps 233 to 236. After punching 233, that is to say the shaping step in which the basic bodies receive their essentially final shape, the surfaces of the basic bodies are etched (234). This is followed by hot smoothing 235 in which any unevenness or distortion of the base bodies 10, 20 is eliminated. the. After applying adhesive (see process step 236), the base bodies are pre-assembled as sheet (if their material is steel or another metal) and the paper ring (s) (see 237), said centering or orientation taking place as described with reference to FIG. In method step 238, sheet metal and paper ring are hot-pressed for permanent joining, wherein this does not necessarily have to happen in the mold 200, which served for the centering. Finally, the coated bodies are separated (see 239).

FIG. 6 shows, in a more general form, the sequence of the various method steps. Here are also included the cases in which, for example, only the main body or the friction linings as the respective composite undergo the various process steps.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 first body

11 internal toothing

12 external toothing

20 second basic body

21 internal toothing

22 external teeth

30 link

31 bulge

40 link

41 end area

42 end area

43 Middlebridge

50 link

51 end area

60 link

70 third main body

71 internal toothing

80 link

90 friction lining

91 groove

92 inside end

93 outside end

100 friction lining

110 friction lining

111 inside groove

112 outer groove

120 friction lining

121 inside segment

122 outside segment 123 footbridge

130 friction lining

131 protruding edge

132 protruding edge

133 inside segment

134 external segment

135 groove

140 friction lining

141 inside segment

142 protruding edge

143 external segment

144 footbridge

150 link

160 friction lining

170 friction lining

180 friction lining

181 bore

190 guide element

200 shape

201 inboard edge

202 outside edge

203 central axis

210 friction lining

211 friction lining

212 friction lining

213 friction lining

214 friction lining

215 connecting link

216 friction lining

220 connecting link

230-239 different process steps

Claims

claims:

1. A method for producing lamellae for a friction clutch, a brake or the like, wherein each lamella has a base body (10, 20), wherein in a shaping step of the method, the shape and contour of the base body (10, 20) is substantially fixed and wherein the base body (10, 20) is machined or coated in at least one further processing step following the shaping step, characterized in that at least two base bodies (10, 20) remain connected to one another by connecting means in the shaping step or are joined together after the shaping step, wherein a group of the at least two base bodies (10, 20) obtained thereby or formed is supplied as a composite to the at least one further processing step.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a first base body (10) and a second base body (20) are arranged concentrically in the composite.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base bodies are arranged side by side, wherein centers of the base body form the vertices of a triangle, a square, a rhombus or any polygon.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the base body (10, 20) is internally and / or externally toothed.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connecting means comprise at least one connecting member (30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 150), which is preferably formed integrally with at least one of the two main body.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the connecting member (30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 150) has a predetermined breaking point

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the connecting member (30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 150) is produced by a separation process.

8. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the connecting member (30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 150) is produced by a primary molding or forming process.

9. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the connecting members (30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 150) are produced by a joining process.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the connecting means comprise a friction lining (90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 160, 170, 190).

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the connecting means comprise alignment means (181).

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a separation of the interconnected base body (10, 20) is integrated in an already provided process step.

13. A method for producing friction linings for slats of a friction clutch, a brake or the like, in particular for slats, which have been prepared according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein in a shaping step of the method, the shape and contour of the friction lining is substantially fixed and wherein the friction lining is processed or coated in at least one further processing step subsequent to the shaping step, characterized in that at least two friction linings remain connected to each other by connecting means in the forming step or are connected to each other after the forming step, whereby one obtained or formed group of at least two friction linings is supplied as a composite to the at least one further processing step.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the connecting means comprise a carrier ring which projects beyond an outer edge of a base body of a lamella.