WO2011037482A1 - Batterie alcaline zinc-air - Google Patents

Batterie alcaline zinc-air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011037482A1
WO2011037482A1 PCT/PL2010/000085 PL2010000085W WO2011037482A1 WO 2011037482 A1 WO2011037482 A1 WO 2011037482A1 PL 2010000085 W PL2010000085 W PL 2010000085W WO 2011037482 A1 WO2011037482 A1 WO 2011037482A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
layer
cell
cells
cathode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/PL2010/000085
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Krzysztof Szymiczek
Original Assignee
Epin Krzysztof Szymiczek
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Epin Krzysztof Szymiczek filed Critical Epin Krzysztof Szymiczek
Publication of WO2011037482A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011037482A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
    • H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H01M4/244—Zinc electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Alkaline zinc-air battery Alkaline zinc-air battery .
  • the subject of the invention is an electric battery for supplying with electric power electric signaling devices, especially signaling devices for road building purposes, such as traffic signal lights used for marking road work sections, but also for use in parking meters, in electric fences for agriculture, in signal buoys, and for supplying with power emergency phones, for instance at expressways.
  • the battery according to the invention is a direct current source and is assembled from galvanic cells.
  • Such accumulator batteries are usually assembled of a number of single cells in order to increase the total capacity and thus extend the maximum duration of operation with satisfactory parameters.
  • a number of kinds of batteries are known, based on cells of diverse designs, such as zinc-graphite, lithium- carbon, lithium-magnesium, nickel-metal hydride, nickel- cadmium, mercury or zinc-air cells.
  • the subject of the invention belongs to the last group of batteries, based on alkaline zinc-air cells.
  • Zinc-air batteries contain a zinc anode, partition, electrolyte and air cathode. Potassium hydroxide is the electrolyte most commonly used. The theoretical specific energy of such cells and their voltage are equal to 1080 h/kg and about 1600 mV, respectively. The low voltage and short operating life are the main unfavorable features of cells of that kind. Thus, the main efforts have been devoted to improving the structure of the air cathode and zinc anode. The progress in investigations concerning the zinc anode made it possible to optimize the cell dimensions and extend the life of the zinc powder, which may be produced as an
  • a porous zinc anode ensures a higher effectiveness of utilization and lower anode passivation as compared to a plate zinc anode.
  • Gel compounds added in the process of porous zinc anode production are usually used as binding agents for zinc powders.
  • potassium hydroxide in the form of an agar layer has been used in many known solutions in order to improve the conductivity of that layer.
  • a coiled sheet of zinc has always been used as an anode in the research of zinc-air batteries. That, however, has led to inevitable significant passivation of the surface in the course of battery discharging.
  • the plate zinc anode according to that known solution is based on a modified Zn-Al alloy, said alloy having the form of ZnxAlyMz, where M means a component of the alkali metals group or rare earth metals group or their combination.
  • Metal oxide and zinc are used in a number of battery solutions.
  • the metal oxide is subjected to reduction and in the same reaction oxidation occurs, which leads to
  • Oxygen needed for that chemical reaction is taken from air.
  • Alkaline zinc hydroxide dissolved in water is used as the electrolyte in the known solutions.
  • cells of that kind either take up or loose water, which may unfavorably affect their lifetime.
  • Membranes of various types are used to avoid that effect.
  • Zinc in the form of a water electrolyte or paste is the anode in cells of such kind, while oxygen from air is the cathode.
  • a zinc paste made of a semi-plastic mixture of divalent zinc chloride is used in another known solution of a zinc-air cell.
  • the zinc paste of such kind fills the cell container, such cell containers having usually been made of plastic, for instance of polyvinyl chloride, due to its corrosion
  • the upper surface of the zinc paste is in the known solutions usually covered with a layer of gel containing potassium hydroxide and a thickener.
  • the gel layer protects the zinc paste against a too abundant access of air.
  • Cells of that kind have the gel layer usually covered with a cathode mixture and a cathode steel plate, which often is provided with openings to facilitate access of air penetrating the gel layer to reach the zinc paste layer.
  • a metal conductor leads the potential outside from the anode layer of zinc paste. A similar metal conductor is led out from the cathode steel plate.
  • Zinc-air cells as described above are assembled into batteries and placed in collective containers, from which the anode and cathode conductors are led out.
  • Such a set of single cells placed in a collective metal housing has been shown in a Polish patent application No. P 357864.
  • the metal housing of the battery contains an organic inner coat of foil deposited by
  • the alkaline zinc-air battery has the form of a set of zinc-air cells, where each cell is a complex of layers of chemical compounds laid in a container.
  • An anode paste layer, on which a gel layer is placed, is situated on the cell bottom.
  • a cathode mixture layer is placed on said gel layer.
  • On the cathode mixture layer a cathode plate with a system of openings for air access is laid.
  • a collector is led out of the cell anode paste layer to the cathode plate of the next cell.
  • the output cathode conductor and the output anode conductor are
  • the alkaline battery according to the invention is a
  • Said cells of the battery are formed in pockets of a multi-pocket form made of non-conducting material and constituting a battery housing closed by a cover.
  • the battery cells are formed in pockets of a four-pocket form made of non-conducting material.
  • the connecting collector is placed inside the layers of anode paste, gel and cathode mixture and connected to the cathode plate of the next cell.
  • the form of non-conducting material makes a flat multi- pocket housing closed by a cover. Additional partitions separating the cells are formed in the battery cover.
  • the battery housing is provided with sockets, in which elastic external contacts are mounted.
  • the elastic external contacts contain shaped vertical contact pins, which pass through the battery housing. To each of those two pins the proper, that is the positive or negative collector, is connected.
  • said sockets of the battery housing are bipartite. One part of each socket is located at the battery housing edge and the other part of each socket is placed at the battery cover edge.
  • the housing of the battery according to the invention connected with the cover, has the shape of a cuboid with at least two edges chamfered.
  • the housing of the battery together with the cover has four edges, parallel to each other, chamfered.
  • the battery cover together with the housing has a linear circumferential weld and at least one cruciform central weld.
  • the cuboid of the housing together with the cover has the width of 30 mm to 34 mm, length of 78 mm to 82 mm and height of 96 mm to 100 mm.
  • the alkaline zinc-air battery according to the invention makes it possible to produce a number of cells in one flat multi-pocket form in a single manufacturing process.
  • Adoption of a battery of the proposed structure in the warning traffic lights devices as well as in electric fences for agriculture, in place of traditional lead-acid cells as currently used, will result in a multi fold reduction of the amount of chemical raw materials and metals used for manufacturing them, as compared to the current solutions, with a larger specific energy of the battery.
  • Fig. 1 view of the battery onto the cover
  • Fig. 4 section of the battery with an A-A plane parallel t the cover plane
  • Fig. 8 view of the battery in a power supply chamber for a warning traffic device or in a power supply chamber for an electric fence.
  • the battery according to the invention has the form of an assembly of four zinc-air cells.
  • Each cell is formed of a set of layers of chemical compounds placed in a pocket 11,12,13,14.
  • On the bottom of the cell in pocket 11 a layer of anode paste 21 is placed and a layer of gel 22 is deposited on that layer 21, a cathode mixture layer 23 is placed on said gel layer 22 and a cathode plate 24 containing a set of openings 25 for air access is put on the cathode mixture layer 23.
  • a collector 31 is led out of the cell anode paste layer 21 to the cathode plate 24 of the next cell in the neighboring pocket 12 of the battery.
  • the cells in pockets 11,12,13,14 are connected in series, to form a battery of cells.
  • the output anode conductor 32 and the output cathode conductor 33 are connected with the elastic external contacts in the form of conical springs 41,42 for power supply of external loads, as for instance a warning traffic signal light or an electric fence in agriculture.
  • the battery according to the invention has the respective flat cells placed in one plane, these flat cells of the battery having been formed in pockets 11,12,13,14 of the multi-pocket form of non-conducting material 10 of the battery closed by the cover 15.
  • the battery cells are formed in pockets 11,12,13,14 of a four-pocket flat form 10 made of non-conducting plastic.
  • pockets 11,12,13,14 of a four-pocket flat form 10 made of non-conducting plastic.
  • other example embodiments of the battery according to the invention, with forms having a larger or smaller number of pockets, are not excluded.
  • the connecting collector 31 is placed inside the layer 21 of the anode paste, gel layer 22 and cathode mixture layer 23 of the cell and connected to the cathode plate 24 of the next cell.
  • the form 10 of a non-conducting plastic makes a flat multi-pocket body closed by the cover 15. Additional
  • the battery housing is provided with sockets 40.
  • Elastic external contacts in the form of conical springs 41,42 are placed in these sockets 40.
  • the conical springs 41,42 contain shaped vertical contact pins 43 which pass through the battery form housing 10. To each of those two pins 43 the proper, that is the positive or negative, anode 32 or cathode 33 output conductor is
  • said sockets 40 in the battery housing are bipartite.
  • One half-socket 44 of each socket 40 is located at the edge of the battery form 10, while the other half-socket 44 of each socket 40 is situated at the edge of the battery cover 15
  • the battery form 10 according to the invention connected with the cover 15, has the form of a cuboid with chamfered four edges parallel to each other.
  • the cuboid of the closed battery housing has in that example of realization four oblique walls 45 rather than four edges.
  • the battery cover together with the housing has a linear circumferential weld 46 and at least one cruciform central weld 47.
  • the cuboid of the housing form 10 together with the cover 15 has the width of 32mm or more, length of 80mm or more and height of 98mm or more.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une batterie qui a la forme d'un ensemble de cellules zinc-air, où chaque cellule est formée d'un ensemble de couches de composés chimiques placées dans des poches (11, 12, 13, 14). Sur la partie inférieure de la cellule, une couche de pâte anodique (21) est placée, puis une couche de gel (22) et sur la couche de gel (22), il y a une couche de mélange cathodique (23) avec une plaque de cathode (24) avec des ouvertures (25) pour l'accès de l'air. Un collecteur (1) sort de la couche de cellule (21) jusqu'à la plaque cathodique (24) de la cellule suivante dans la poche voisine de la batterie. Des conducteurs de sortie (32, 33) sont connectés à des contacts externes sous la forme de ressorts (41, 42) pour alimenter en puissance les charges externes. Les cellules respectives de la batterie sont situées dans un plan et formées en poche (11, 12, 13, 14) d'une forme multi-poche (10) faite d'une matière plastique non conductrice fermée par un couvercle (15).
PCT/PL2010/000085 2009-09-23 2010-09-13 Batterie alcaline zinc-air WO2011037482A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL389103A PL389103A1 (pl) 2009-09-23 2009-09-23 Bateria alkaliczna cynkowo-powietrzna
PLP389103 2009-09-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011037482A1 true WO2011037482A1 (fr) 2011-03-31

Family

ID=43570559

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/PL2010/000085 WO2011037482A1 (fr) 2009-09-23 2010-09-13 Batterie alcaline zinc-air

Country Status (2)

Country Link
PL (1) PL389103A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011037482A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202019101434U1 (de) 2019-03-13 2019-06-12 Gernot Förster Stromversorgungseinheit und Verwendung

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3533845A (en) * 1967-01-27 1970-10-13 Leesona Corp Low-current,low-capacity metal/air battery
WO2000036668A1 (fr) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-22 Electric Fuel Limited Dispositifs d'etancheite equipant des elements d'accumulateur metal-air et destines a empecher une fuite d'electrolyte
WO2000038267A1 (fr) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-29 Aer Energy Resources, Inc. Brasseur d'air pour accumulateur electrique metal-air utilisant une enveloppe a volume variable
PL357864A1 (en) 2000-03-09 2004-07-26 Corus Staal Bv Battery comprising a plurality of series-connected galvanic cells
US20060003228A1 (en) 2004-06-30 2006-01-05 National Tsing Hua University Sheet anodes based on zinc-aluminum alloys and zinc-air batteries containing the same
EP1981116A1 (fr) * 2007-04-06 2008-10-15 High Tech Battery Inc. Dispositif d'alimentation électrique portable

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3533845A (en) * 1967-01-27 1970-10-13 Leesona Corp Low-current,low-capacity metal/air battery
WO2000036668A1 (fr) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-22 Electric Fuel Limited Dispositifs d'etancheite equipant des elements d'accumulateur metal-air et destines a empecher une fuite d'electrolyte
WO2000038267A1 (fr) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-29 Aer Energy Resources, Inc. Brasseur d'air pour accumulateur electrique metal-air utilisant une enveloppe a volume variable
PL357864A1 (en) 2000-03-09 2004-07-26 Corus Staal Bv Battery comprising a plurality of series-connected galvanic cells
US20060003228A1 (en) 2004-06-30 2006-01-05 National Tsing Hua University Sheet anodes based on zinc-aluminum alloys and zinc-air batteries containing the same
EP1981116A1 (fr) * 2007-04-06 2008-10-15 High Tech Battery Inc. Dispositif d'alimentation électrique portable

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202019101434U1 (de) 2019-03-13 2019-06-12 Gernot Förster Stromversorgungseinheit und Verwendung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL389103A1 (pl) 2011-03-28

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