WO2011026428A1 - 一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2011026428A1
WO2011026428A1 PCT/CN2010/076526 CN2010076526W WO2011026428A1 WO 2011026428 A1 WO2011026428 A1 WO 2011026428A1 CN 2010076526 W CN2010076526 W CN 2010076526W WO 2011026428 A1 WO2011026428 A1 WO 2011026428A1
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matrix
constant
channel information
information matrix
constant mode
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PCT/CN2010/076526
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周永行
高驰
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP10813350.5A priority Critical patent/EP2475107B1/en
Publication of WO2011026428A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011026428A1/zh
Priority to US13/409,742 priority patent/US8693567B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621Feedback content
    • H04B7/0626Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0417Feedback systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/046Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account
    • H04B7/0465Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account taking power constraints at power amplifier or emission constraints, e.g. constant modulus, into account
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621Feedback content
    • H04B7/0632Channel quality parameters, e.g. channel quality indicator [CQI]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a precoding method in a multi-input multi-output system, which is submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on September 2, 2009, and the application number is 200910168949.1.
  • the priority of the Chinese Patent Application the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a precoding method and apparatus in a multiple input multiple output system.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A mode of "central base station-distributed terminal" is used in mobile communication. In this mode, it is difficult for a mobile terminal to perform cooperative transmission and reception, and the user equipment (User Equipment) is used for data detection and channel improvement.
  • a MIMO precoding technique is generally employed at the base station.
  • the MIMO precoding technique when the CSI (Channel State Information) is known, the base station performs pre-processing on the data to be transmitted.
  • the channel information matrix transmitted by the UE to the base station is as close as possible to the base station.
  • the channel state that is, non-constant.
  • the base station After receiving the non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE, the base station directly conjugates the non-constant-mode channel information matrix and pre-codes the data to be transmitted as a pre-coding matrix, but this causes loss of transmission power.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a precoding method and apparatus in a multiple input multiple output system to reduce transmission power loss on a transmitting antenna.
  • the technical solution is as follows: An embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding method in a multiple input multiple output system, where the method includes:
  • the data to be transmitted is precoded using the precoding matrix.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for feeding back a channel quality indicator, where the method includes: removing amplitude information of each element in the non-constant mode channel information matrix to obtain a constant mode channel information matrix, according to the constant mode
  • the channel information matrix is obtained by a precoding matrix
  • a channel quality indicator CQI is calculated based on the precoding matrix, and the CQI is transmitted to the base station.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding apparatus in a multiple input multiple output system, where the apparatus includes:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE
  • a processing module configured to remove amplitude information of each element in the non-constant channel information matrix received by the receiving module, and obtain a precoding matrix according to the constant modulus channel information matrix
  • a precoding module configured to precode the data to be sent by using the precoding matrix obtained by the processing module.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for feeding back a channel quality indicator, where the apparatus includes: a processing module, configured to remove amplitude information of each element in the non-constant mode channel information matrix, to obtain a constant mode channel information matrix, Obtaining a precoding matrix according to the constant modulus channel information matrix; and a calculating module, configured to calculate a channel quality indicator CQI according to the precoding matrix obtained by the processing module, and send the CQI to the base station.
  • a processing module configured to remove amplitude information of each element in the non-constant mode channel information matrix, to obtain a constant mode channel information matrix, Obtaining a precoding matrix according to the constant modulus channel information matrix
  • a calculating module configured to calculate a channel quality indicator CQI according to the precoding matrix obtained by the processing module, and send the CQI to the base station.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a precoding method in a multiple input multiple output system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a precoding method in a multiple input multiple output system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a precoding method in a multiple input multiple output system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding apparatus in a multiple input multiple output system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding apparatus in a multiple input multiple output system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding apparatus in a multiple input multiple output system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for feeding back a channel quality indicator according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for feedback channel quality indication according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below.
  • Example 1
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding method in a multiple input multiple output system, by which the base station can be maintained.
  • the efficiency of the power amplifier is transmitted, reducing power loss. Referring to Figure 1, the method includes:
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: removing the amplitude information of each element in the non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE, that is, making all elements in the non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE equal in amplitude, and only retaining Phase information, obtaining a constant modulus channel information matrix, and obtaining a precoding matrix according to the constant modulus channel information matrix; after precoding the data to be transmitted by using the precoding matrix, each emission of each element in the precoding matrix is equal
  • the antenna can simultaneously transmit the data to be transmitted with the maximum transmit power, and there is no imbalance factor, thus reducing the power loss.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a precoding method in a multiple input multiple output system, by which the efficiency of a base station transmitting power amplifier can be maintained, and power loss can be reduced.
  • the method includes:
  • 201 Receive a non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE, where the non-constant channel information matrix is N l-dimensional; N indicates that the number of transmitting antennas is N;
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix may be a non-constant mode channel matrix, or may be a non-constant mode feature space, wherein when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant mode channel matrix, in the Nxl dimension, 1 represents the UE.
  • the number of receiving antennas is 1; when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant mode feature space, 1 in the Nxl dimension, the rank of the non-constant model feature space is 1, and the rank 1 is 1 stream.
  • the throughput rate is the largest when lost.
  • non-constant mode channel information matrix may also be referred to as non-constant mode CSI (Channel State Information).
  • the base station first needs to obtain the non-constant CSI, and then performs precoding according to the non-constant CSI.
  • the manner in which the base station obtains the non-constant CSI is obtained by the UE feeding back to the base station, specifically, the UE.
  • the non-constant mode channel matrix or non-constant mode feature space fed back to the base station can be found in equation (1):
  • c is a non-constant CSI, that is, a non-constant mode channel information matrix, which is a positive real number, which is also the amplitude information on the transmitting antenna j, is the phase information, j represents the transmitting antenna label, from the equation (1)
  • N the number of transmitting antennas
  • i the amplitude information on the jth transmitting antenna
  • c is non-constant
  • i the ith codeword
  • 0 ⁇ is the amplitude information on the jth transmit antenna of the ith codeword.
  • the transmitting antenna of the base station transmits the data to be transmitted at the maximum transmission power.
  • the base station uses the received constant modulus channel information matrix as a precoding matrix to precode the data to be transmitted. Since the amplitudes of the elements in the non-constant mode channel information matrix are not always equal, each transmitting antenna cannot simultaneously transmit the data to be transmitted at the maximum power, thus causing power loss on the partial antenna. For example, a two-transmit antenna system (with a total transmit power limit of 23 dbm and a maximum transmit power of 20 dbm per transmit antenna) is used as an example.
  • the amplitude of the second transmitting antenna is I, that is, the transmitting power is 2, and the amplitude of the first transmitting antenna is 1, that is, the transmitting power is 1, and the second transmitting antenna
  • the transmit power is twice the transmit power of the first transmit antenna, so that when the power of the second transmit antenna is 20dbm
  • the transmission power of the first transmitting antenna is reduced by 3 dbm, that is, the transmitting power of the first transmitting antenna is 17 dbm. Since the maximum transmitting power of each transmitting antenna is 20 dbm, the transmission of the first transmitting antenna is performed. Power lost 3dbm.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention processes the non-constant-mode channel information matrix after receiving the non-constant-mode channel information matrix fed back by the UE, and processes the non-constant-mode channel information matrix into a constant-mode channel information matrix after processing. That is, the amplitudes of the % of the channel information matrix are equal.
  • the transmitting antenna of the base station can be transmitted to be transmitted at the maximum transmitting power. The data reduces power loss. See below for details:
  • the amplitude of each element in the formula (1) can be set to a fixed value, for example, both are set to 2, 3 or 4, etc., but are set to no. After the value of 1, the magnitude of each element in equation (1) is finally 1 after the calculation and the approximation of the denominator in equation (1).
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: removing all the elements in the non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE by removing the amplitude information of each element in the non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE.
  • the amplitude is equal, only the phase information is reserved, and the processed constant modulus channel information matrix is conjugated as a precoding matrix, and the precoding matrix is used to precode the data to be transmitted, because the amplitude of each element in the precoding matrix
  • the values are equal.
  • equation (2) as an example, the first transmit antenna and the second transmit antenna can simultaneously transmit the data to be transmitted at the maximum transmit power, without unbalanced factors, thus reducing power loss.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding method in a multiple input multiple output system, where the method includes:
  • 301 Receive a non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE, where the non-constant channel information matrix is Nxr, and N indicates that the number of transmitting antennas is N, and r is an integer greater than 1.
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix may be a non-constant mode channel matrix, or may be a non-constant mode feature space, wherein when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant mode channel matrix, in the Nxr dimension, r represents the UE.
  • r represents the rank of the non-constant mode feature space is r, and the rank r represents the maximum throughput rate when the r stream is transmitted.
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix may also be referred to as non-constant mode CSI.
  • step 202 For each X obtained in step 202, "constant orthogonal expansion is performed, and one column is expanded to N columns.
  • each column vector of the constant mode channel information matrix is , and each corresponding NxN dimensional constant modulus orthogonal expansion matrix is f;
  • X; (A; -Q), that is, let X be any column of the matrix (A.Q), get ⁇ ; 'corresponding diagonal matrix ⁇ ;'; where Q is any constant modulus NxN dimension a matrix, for example, Q may be a NxN dimensional DFT (discrete Fourier transform) matrix;
  • the 304 Select a matrix with the smallest distance from the non-constant mode channel information matrix from the obtained r Nxr dimensional matrices, and perform conjugate as a precoding matrix. Further, the obtained precoding matrix may be subjected to a column switching operation, or each column vector may be multiplied by a complex number of modulo 1, and the precoding matrix after performing these operations may still be used as a precoding precoding for the data to be transmitted. Coding matrix
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: Nxr-dimensional non-constant mode channel information fed back to the UE
  • Each column vector in the matrix is processed to remove the amplitude information of the non-constant mode channel information matrix, that is, the amplitude of each column of the non-constant mode channel information matrix is equal, and the phase information is retained to obtain a constant mode channel information matrix.
  • Each column vector of the constant mode channel information matrix is subjected to constant modulus orthogonal expansion to obtain r NxN-dimensional extended matrices.
  • the r-column with the smallest distance from the non-constant-mode channel information matrix is selected from each NxN-dimensional extended matrix to obtain r Nxr.
  • Example 4 the transmitting antenna of the base station can transmit at the maximum transmit power without any unbalanced factors, thus reducing power loss.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding apparatus in a multiple input multiple output system, where the apparatus includes:
  • a receiving module 401 a processing module 402 and a precoding module 403;
  • the receiving module 401 is configured to receive a non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the user equipment UE.
  • the processing module 402 is configured to remove amplitude information of each element in the non-constant channel information matrix received by the receiving module 401, retain phase information, and obtain a precoding matrix according to the constant mode channel information matrix;
  • the specific implementation of the processing module 402 can be divided into two types.
  • the processing module 402 is specifically configured to remove the non-constant received by the receiving module 401.
  • the amplitude information of each element in the mode channel information matrix, that is, the phase information is retained, and the obtained constant modulus channel information matrix is conjugated as a precoding matrix;
  • the processing module 402 specifically removes the amplitude information of each element in the non-constant channel information matrix received by the receiving module 401, that is, retains the phase information, and obtains the constant Modal channel information matrix, and the obtained constant modulus channel information matrix
  • Each column vector is subjected to constant modulus orthogonal expansion to obtain r Nx N-dimensional constant modulus orthogonal expansion matrices, and an Nxr dimensional matrix is selected from each NxN dimensional constant modulus orthogonal expansion matrix to obtain r Nxr dimensional matrices.
  • each selected Nxr-dimensional matrix has the smallest distance from the non-constant-mode channel information matrix, and then selects a matrix with the smallest distance from the non-constant-mode channel information matrix from the r Nxr-dimensional matrices, and performs the selected matrix on the selected matrix.
  • the conjugate is used as a precoding matrix.
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix may be a non-constant mode channel matrix or a non-constant mode feature space.
  • 1 indicates a UE reception.
  • the number of antennas is 1, in the Nxr dimension, r indicates that the number of receiving antennas of the UE is r; when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant model feature space, in the Nxl dimension, 1 indicates that the rank of the non-constant modulus feature space is 1 , a rank of 1 indicates that the throughput is the largest in the case of 1 stream transmission, and in the Nxr dimension, r indicates that the rank of the non-constant modulus feature space is r, and the rank r indicates that the throughput rate of the r stream is the largest.
  • the precoding module 403 is configured to precode the data to be sent by using the precoding matrix obtained by the processing module 402.
  • the constant-mode channel information matrix is obtained. Obtaining a precoding matrix according to the constant modulus channel information matrix. After precoding the data to be transmitted by using the precoding matrix, each of the transmitting antennas can be sent at the maximum transmit power simultaneously because the amplitude of each element in the precoding matrix is equal. The data sent has no imbalance factors, thus reducing power loss.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding apparatus in a multiple input multiple output system, where the apparatus includes:
  • the receiving module 501 is configured to receive a non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE, where the non-constant channel information matrix is Nxl-dimensional; N indicates that the number of transmitting antennas is N;
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix may be a non-constant mode channel matrix, or may be a non-constant mode feature space, wherein when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant mode channel matrix, in the dimension, 1 represents the UE.
  • the number of receiving antennas is 1; when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant modulus feature space, 1 indicates that the rank of the non-constant model feature space is 1, and the rank of 1 indicates that the throughput is the largest when the stream is transmitted. .
  • the non-constant mode CSI may also be referred to as a non-constant mode channel information matrix.
  • the base station first needs to obtain the non-constant CSI, and then performs precoding according to the non-constant CSI.
  • the manner in which the base station obtains the non-constant CSI is obtained by the UE feeding back to the base station, specifically, the UE.
  • the base station For the non-constant mode channel matrix or non-constant mode feature that is fed back to the base station, see equation (5):
  • c is a non-constant CSI, that is, a non-constant-mode channel information matrix, which is a positive real number, and is also amplitude information on each transmitting antenna, e is the phase information, j represents the transmitting antenna label, and the equation (4) It can be seen that the number of transmitting antennas is N; if c is a non-constant mode channel matrix, then there is no i in equation (4); if c is a non-constant modulus feature space, then i represents the i-th codeword.
  • the processing module 502 is configured to remove the amplitude information of each element in the non-constant channel information matrix received by the receiving module 501, that is, retain the phase information, and conjugate the obtained constant modulus channel information matrix as a precoding matrix.
  • the precoding matrix can perform column switching operations, or each column vector can be multiplied by a complex number of modulo 1, and after performing these operations, it can still be used as a precoding matrix for precoding the data to be transmitted;
  • each element in the non-constant mode channel information matrix represented by the formula (5) is removed, that is, each element in the channel information matrix represented by the formula (4) is 1 and only the phase is reserved.
  • Information obtain a constant modulus channel information matrix, and conjugate the constant modulus channel information matrix as a precoding matrix w, . See equation (5): w , ... ] 7 " (5)
  • the amplitude of each element in equation (4) can be set to a fixed value, for example, both are set to 2, 3 or 4. Etc., but after setting the value not to 1, after the calculation and the division of the denominator in equation (4), the magnitude of each element in equation (4) is finally one.
  • the precoding module 503 is configured to precode the data to be sent by using the precoding matrix obtained by the processing module 502.
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: removing the amplitude information of each element in the non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE, that is, making all elements in the non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE equal in amplitude, leaving only the phase
  • the information is conjugated to the processed constant modulus channel information matrix as a precoding matrix.
  • the formula is still used ( 2)
  • the first transmitting antenna and the second transmitting antenna can simultaneously transmit data to be transmitted at the maximum transmitting power, without imbalance factors, thereby reducing power loss.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding apparatus in a multiple input multiple output system, where the apparatus includes:
  • the receiving module 601 is configured to receive a non-constant channel information matrix fed back by the UE, where the non-constant channel information matrix is Nxr, and N indicates that the number of transmitting antennas is N;
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix may be a non-constant mode channel matrix or a non-constant mode feature space, wherein when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant mode channel matrix, Nxr In the dimension, r means that the number of receiving antennas of the UE is r; when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant mode feature space, in the Nxr dimension, r represents the rank of the non-constant model feature space is r, and the rank r represents r The throughput is the highest when streaming.
  • the non-constant mode CSI may also be referred to as a non-constant mode channel information matrix.
  • the processing module 602 is configured to remove the amplitude information of each element in the non-constant channel information matrix received by the receiving module 601, retain the phase information, obtain a constant modulus channel information matrix, and obtain a precoding matrix according to the constant modulus channel information matrix;
  • the processing module 602 specifically includes: a processing unit 6021, an extension unit 6022, and a selection unit 6023.
  • the processing unit 6021 is configured to remove the amplitude information of each element in the non-constant channel information matrix received by the receiving module 601, and retain the phase information. , obtaining a constant mode channel information matrix;
  • the expansion unit 6022 is configured to perform constant modulus orthogonal expansion on each column vector of the constant modulus channel information matrix obtained by the processing unit 6021, to obtain r NxN-dimensional constant modulus orthogonal expansion matrices, and each Nx N-dimensional constant modulus An Nx r-dimensional matrix is selected from the orthogonal expansion matrix to obtain r Nx r-dimensional matrices, wherein each of the selected Nxr-dimensional matrices and the non-constant-mode channel information matrix have the smallest distance;
  • each X obtained by the processing unit 6021 is subjected to constant modulus orthogonal expansion, that is, one column is expanded into a matrix.
  • the expansion unit 6022 may specifically include: a first calculation subunit 6022a and a second calculation subunit 6022b;
  • each column vector of the constant mode channel information matrix be X, and the N X N-dimensional constant modulus orthogonal extension matrix corresponding to each X is if;
  • any one column ie ⁇ is a matrix In any column of (A ⁇ Q), a corresponding diagonal matrix A is obtained; wherein Q is any constant modulus NxN dimensional matrix, for example, Q can be an NxN dimensional DFT matrix;
  • the second calculation subunit 6022b is configured to obtain f according to ⁇ A ⁇ Q .
  • the selecting unit 6023 is configured to select, from the r Nxr dimensional matrices obtained by the expanding unit 6022, a matrix having the smallest distance from the non-constant mode channel information matrix, perform conjugate as a precoding matrix, and further obtain the precoding.
  • the matrix performs column switching operations, or each column vector can be multiplied by a complex number of modulo 1, and the precoding matrix after performing these operations can still be used as a precoding matrix for precoding the data to be transmitted.
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiment of the present invention are: removing the amplitude information of the non-constant mode channel information matrix by processing each column vector in the Nxr-dimensional non-constant-mode channel information matrix fed back by the UE, that is, making the non-constant mode channel information
  • Each column of the matrix has the same amplitude, and the phase information is retained to obtain a constant-mode channel information matrix.
  • the constant-mode orthogonal expansion of each column vector of the constant-mode channel information matrix is performed to obtain r NxN-dimensional extended matrices, which are extended from each NxN dimension.
  • the r columns with the smallest distance from the non-constant mode channel information matrix are selected in the matrix, and r Nxr dimensional matrices are obtained, and then the matrix with the smallest distance from the non-constant mode channel information matrix is selected from the r Nxr dimensional matrices, and conjugated.
  • the transmitting antenna of the base station can transmit at the maximum transmitting power, and there is no imbalance. Factors, thus reducing power loss.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for feeding back a channel quality indicator, where the method includes:
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix may be a non-constant mode channel matrix or a non-constant mode feature space.
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant mode channel matrix, 1 indicates a UE reception.
  • the number of antennas is 1, in the Nxr dimension, r indicates that the number of receiving antennas of the UE is r; when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant model feature space, in the Nxl dimension, 1 indicates that the rank of the non-constant modulus feature space is 1 , a rank of 1 indicates that the throughput is the largest in the case of 1 stream transmission, and in the Nxr dimension, r indicates that the rank of the non-constant modulus feature space is r, and the rank r indicates that the throughput rate of the r stream is the largest.
  • the precoding matrix is obtained according to the constant modulus channel information matrix, and specifically: the obtained constant modulus channel information matrix is conjugated as a precoding matrix.
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix may also be referred to as non-constant mode CSI.
  • CQI is a measure of the communication quality of a wireless channel.
  • a high value CQI indicates that a channel has a high quality and vice versa.
  • the CQI for a channel can be calculated by using performance metrics such as SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio, SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) and Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) Wait.
  • the CQI is directly calculated according to the non-constant mode channel information matrix, and the obtained CQI may not be very accurate, and the non-constant mode channel information in the embodiment of the present invention is not accurate.
  • the matrix is processed to change the non-constant channel information matrix into a constant modulus channel information matrix, obtain a precoding matrix according to the constant modulus channel information matrix, and then calculate a CQI according to the precoding matrix to obtain a relatively accurate CQI.
  • the CQI may be a multi-user MIMO CQI or a single-user MIMO CQL.
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: by removing the amplitude information of each element in the non-constant mode channel information matrix, obtaining a precoding matrix according to the constant modulus channel information matrix, and obtaining the pre-prepared matrix
  • the coding matrix calculates an accurate CQT and sends it to the base station, so that the base station can obtain the accurate quality condition of the downlink channel, and then performs corresponding operations according to the quality of the accurate downlink channel to improve the performance of the system.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for feeding back a channel quality indicator, and the device includes: a processing module 801 and a computing module 802;
  • the processing module 801 is configured to remove amplitude information of each element in the non-constant mode channel information matrix, obtain a constant modulus channel information matrix, and obtain a precoding matrix by using the constant modulus channel information matrix;
  • the non-constant mode channel information matrix may be a non-constant mode channel matrix or a non-constant mode feature space.
  • 1 indicates a UE reception.
  • the number of antennas is 1, in the Nxr dimension, r indicates that the number of receiving antennas of the UE is r; when the non-constant mode channel information matrix is a non-constant model feature space, in the Nxl dimension, 1 indicates that the rank of the non-constant modulus feature space is 1 , a rank of 1 indicates that the throughput is the largest in the case of 1 stream transmission, and in the Nxr dimension, r indicates that the rank of the non-constant modulus feature space is r, and the rank r indicates that the throughput rate of the r stream is the largest.
  • the calculating module 802 is configured to calculate a CQI according to the precoding matrix obtained by the processing module 801, and send the CQI to the base station.
  • processing module 801 For the implementation of the processing module 801, reference may be made to the processing module 402 of the embodiment 4, the processing module 502 of the embodiment 5, and the processing module 602 of the embodiment 6.
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: by removing the amplitude information of each element in the non-constant mode channel information matrix, obtaining a precoding matrix according to the constant modulus channel information matrix, and calculating an accurate CQI by using the obtained precoding matrix. And sending to the base station, so that the base station can obtain the accurate quality condition of the downlink channel, and then perform corresponding operations according to the quality of the accurate downlink channel to improve the performance of the system.
  • Embodiments of the invention may be implemented in software, and the corresponding software program may be stored in a readable storage medium, such as a hard disk, a cache, or an optical disk of a computer.
  • a readable storage medium such as a hard disk, a cache, or an optical disk of a computer.

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Description

一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法和装置 本申请要求于 2009 年 9 月 2 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200910168949.1、 发明名称为"一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法和装 置"的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域 本发明实施例涉及通信技术领域, 特别涉及一种多输入多输出系统中 的预编码方法和装置。 背景技术 在移动通信中釆用"中心基站-分散终端 "的模式, 在这种模式下, 移动 终端很难进行协作发送和接收, 为了方便 UE(User Equipment, 用户设备) 进行数据检测以及提高信道容量, 在下行系统的点对点系统中, 一般在基 站采用 MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output, 多输入多输出)预编码技术。 MIMO预编码技术,就是在已知 CSI(Channel State Information,信道状态信 息)的情况下, 基站对待发送的数据进行预先处理。
现有技术中, LTE-A(Long Term Evolution- Advanced, 长期演进技术的 高级演进)系统为了提供更高的小区平均 /边缘 /峰值频谱效率,需要 UE向基 站发送的信道信息矩阵尽可能的逼近信道状态, 也就是非恒模的。 基站收 到 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵后,直接将该非恒模信道信息矩阵进行共 轭后作为预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码, 但是这样会造成发射功率 的损失。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法和装置, 以减小发射天线上的发射功率损失。 所述技术方案如下: 本发明实施例提供了一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法, 所述方 法包括:
接收 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵;
去除所述非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道 信息矩阵, 根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵;
利用所述预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码。
本发明实施例提供了一种反馈信道质量指示的方法, 所述方法包括: 去除所述非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道 信息矩阵, 根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵;
根据所述预编码矩阵计算信道质量指示 CQI, 并将所述 CQI发送给基 站。
本发明实施例提供了一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码装置, 所述装 置包括:
接收模块, 用于接收 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵;
处理模块, 用于去除所述接收模块接收的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个 元素的幅值信息, 根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵;
预编码模块, 用于利用所述处理模块得到的预编码矩阵对待发送数据 进行预编码。
本发明实施例提供了一种反馈信道质量指示的装置, 所述装置包括: 处理模块,用于去除所述非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵; 计算模块 , 用于根据所述处理模块得到的预编码矩阵计算信道质量指 示 CQI, 并将所述 CQI发送给基站。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案的有益效果是: 通过对非恒模信道矩阵 进行处理, 去除非恒模信道信息矩阵的幅值信息, 保留相位信息, 得到的 恒模信道信息矩阵, 根据该恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵, 利用该预 编码矩阵计算精确的 CQT或者对待发送数据进行预编码, 可使得基站得到 精确的下行链路信道的质量情况, 然后根据该精确的下行链路信道的质量 情况进行相应的操作, 可以提高系统的性能; 或者使得发射天线能同时以 最大发射功率发送待发送的数据, 减小功率损失。 附图说明 图 1是本发明实施例 1提供的多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法流程 示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例 2提供的多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法流程 示意图;
图 3是本发明实施例 3提供的多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法流程 示意图;
图 4是本发明实施例 4提供的多输入多输出系统中的预编码装置结构 示意图;
图 5是本发明实施例 5提供的多输入多输出系统中的预编码装置结构 示意图;
图 6是本发明实施例 6提供的多输入多输出系统中的预编码装置结构 示意图;
图 7是本发明实施例 7提供的一种反馈信道质量指示的方法流程示意 图;
图 8是本发明实施例 8提供的一种反馈信道质量指示的装置结构示意 图。 具体实施方式 为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图对本 发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。 实施例 1
为了使基站的发射天线都能以最大发射功率发送待发送的数据, 减小 功率损失, 本发明实施例提供了一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法, 通过该预编码方法可以保持基站发送功率放大器的效率, 减小功率损失。 参见图 1 , 该方法包括:
101: 接收 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵;
102: 去除该非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 保留相位信 息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 根据恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵;
103: 利用得到的预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码。
本发明实施例的有益效果是: 通过去除 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵 中每个元素的幅值信息 , 也就是使得 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵中所有 元素幅值相等, 只保留相位信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 根据恒模信道 信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵; 利用该预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码后 , 由于该预编码矩阵中每个元素的幅值相等, 各个发射天线同时能以最大发 射功率发送待发送的数据, 没有不平衡的因素, 因此减小了功率损失。 实施例 2
本发明实施例提供了一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法, 通过该 预编码方法可以保持基站发送功率放大器的效率,减小功率损失。参见图 2, 该方法包括:
201: 接收 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵, 该非恒模信道信息矩阵为 N l维; N表示发射天线个数为 N;
本实施例中, 非恒模信道信息矩阵可以是非恒模信道矩阵, 也可以是 非恒模特征空间, 其中, 在非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, Nxl 维中, 1表示 UE的接收天线个数为 1; 在非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特 征空间时, Nxl维中, 1表示非恒模特征空间的秩为 1 , 秩为 1表示 1流传 输时吞吐率最大。
本实施例中,非恒模信道信息矩阵也可以称为非恒模 CSI( Channel State Information, 信道状态信息 )。
其中, MIMO预编码技术中, 基站首先要获知非恒模 CSI, 然后才根据 该非恒模 CSI进行预编码, 基站获取非恒模 CSI的方式是通过 UE向基站 反馈获得的, 具体的, UE向基站反馈的非恒模信道矩阵或者非恒模特征空 间可以参见式 (1):
Figure imgf000007_0001
式 (1)中, c,是非恒模 CSI即非恒模信道信息矩阵, 是正实数, 也是 发射天线 j上的幅值信息, 是 的相位信息, j表示发射天线标号, 从式 (1)中可以看出, 发射天线个数是 N个; 若 c,是非恒模信道矩阵, 则式 (1)中没 有 i, 即《.是第 j个发射天线上的幅值信息; 若 c,是非恒模特征空间, 则 i表示 第 i个码字, 0^是第 i个码字的第 j个发射天线上的幅值信息。
为了使 UE保持良好的接收性能, 基站的发射天线将待发送的数据以最 大发送功率发送, 而现有技术中基站采用收到的 恒模信道信息矩阵作为 预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码, 由于非恒模信道信息矩阵中各个元 素的幅值不总是相等, 所以各个发射天线并不能同时以最大功率发送待发 送的数据, 因而会导致部分天线上的功率损失。 例如, 以一个两发射天线 系统 (设发送总功率限制为 23dbm, 每个发射天线最大的发射功率为 20dbm) 为例进行说明, 若有
Figure imgf000007_0002
从式 (2)中可以看出, 第二个发射天线的幅值为 I , 即发射功率为 2, 第一个发射天线的幅值为 1 , 即发射功率为 1 , 第二个发射天线的发射功率 为第一个发射天线发射功率的两倍,这样当第二个发送天线的功率为 20dbm 时, 通过计算, 第一个发射天线的发射功率就降 3dbm, 即第一个发射天线 的发射功率为 17dbm, 由于每个发射天线的发最大发射功率为 20dbm, 因此 第一个发送天线的发射功率就损失了 3dbm。
而本发明实施例提供的方法在收到 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵后 , 对该非恒模信道信息矩阵进行处理, 处理后使非恒模信道信息矩阵变为恒 模信道信息矩阵, 也就是使信道信息矩阵矩阵的%的幅值相等, 用该幅值 相等的信道信息矩阵作为预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码后 , 可以保 持基站的发射天线都能以最大发射功率发送待发送的数据, 减小了功率损 失。 详见如下:
202: 去除该非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 也即保留相 位信息, 将得到的恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后作为预编码矩阵。 还可以进一 步的对得到的预编码矩阵进行列交换操作, 或者各列矢量可以与模为 1 的 复数相乘, 进行完这些操作后的预编码矩阵仍可以作为对待发送数据进行 预编码的预编码矩阵;
具体的, 去除式 (1)所表示的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信 息, 即使得式 (1)中每个元素的%均为 1 , 只保留相位信息, 得到恒模信道 信息矩阵, 将该恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后作为预编码矩阵 w,, 见公式 (3):
Figure imgf000008_0001
需要说明的是, 只要使得式 (1)中幅值信息相等, 可以将式 (1)中各个元 素的幅值设置为固定值, 比如均设为 2、 3或 4等等, 但设为不为 1的数值 后, 经过式 (1)中分母的计算和约分后, 式 (1)中各个元素的幅值最终还是为 1。
203: 利用得到的预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码。
本发明实施例的有益效果是: 通过去除 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵 中每个元素的幅值信息, 即使得 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵中所有元素 幅值相等, 只保留相位信息, 将处理后的恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后作为预 编码矩阵, 利用该预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码后, 由于该预编码 矩阵中每个元素的幅值相等, 以式 (2)为例, 第一个发射天线和第二个发射 天线同时能以最大发射功率发送待发送的数据, 没有不平衡的因素, 因此 减小了功率损失。 实施例 3
参见图 3, 本发明实施例提供了一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方 法, 该方法包括:
301: 接收 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵, 该非恒模信道信息矩阵为 Nxr维, N表示发射天线个数为 N, r为大于 1的整数;
具体的, 设 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵为 C,.=[c:.Cf...c;], 该非恒模 信道信息矩阵中 c为模为 1的列矢量, " = 1,2, ...r, 每个 与实施例 2中式 (1) 的表现形式相同, 即为
Figure imgf000009_0001
本实施例中, 非恒模信道信息矩阵可以是非恒模信道矩阵, 也可以是 非恒模特征空间, 其中当非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, Nxr 维中, r表示 UE的接收天线个数为 r; 当非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征 空间时, Nxr维中, r表示非恒模特征空间的秩为 r, 秩为 r表示 r流传输时吞 吐率最大。
本实施例中, 非恒模信道信息矩阵也可以称为非恒模 CSI。
302: 去除非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 即保留相位信 息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵;
具体的, 经过本步驟处理后, 设非恒模信道信息矩阵 C, =[cX..C;]对 应的恒模信道信息矩阵 Xt = [X; χ,2··' ], 即对 C,中每一个 去除幅值信息 , 得到相应的 x , 该恒模信道信息矩阵中每一个 x 为模为 1的列矢量, w = 1,2,··*Γ。
303: 对得到的恒模信道信息矩阵的每一列矢量进行恒模正交扩展, 得 到 r个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵, 每个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵为 P, 从每 个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵 P中选出一个 Nxr维矩阵 , 得到 r个 Nxr维矩阵 , 其中 , 选择出的每一个 Nxr维矩阵与非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小;
具体的, 对步驟 202得到的每个 X,"进行恒模正交扩展, 将 1列扩展为 N 列。
可以设恒模信道信息矩阵的每一列矢量为 , 每个 对应的 NxN维恒 模正交扩展矩阵为 f;
令 χ;'满足: X;=(A; -Q) , 即令 X为矩阵 (A .Q)的任一列,得到 χ;' 对应的对角阵 Λ;'; 其中, Q为任一恒模 NxN维矩阵, 例如, Q可以 NxN维 DFT(discrete Fourier transform , 离散傅里叶变换)矩阵;
得到 Χ对应的对角阵
根据得到的对角阵 , 按照每个 x对应的 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵 Ρ" =Λ Q, 获得/ 。
304: 从得到的 r个 Nxr维矩阵中选出与非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小 的矩阵, 进行共轭后作为预编码矩阵。 进一步的还可以对得到的预编码矩 阵可以进行列交换操作, 或者各列矢量可以与模为 1的复数相乘, 进行完这 些操作后的预编码矩阵仍可以作为对待发送数据进行预编码的预编码矩 阵;
305: 利用得到的预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码。
需要说明的是, 与非恒模信道信息矩阵 C, 距离最小也就与
C,.=[c; c ...c;]最相似。
本发明实施例的有益效果是: 通过对 UE反馈的 Nxr维非恒模信道信息 矩阵中每一列矢量进行处理, 去除该非恒模信道信息矩阵的幅值信息, 即 使得该非恒模信道信息矩阵的每一列幅值相等, 保留相位信息, 得到恒模 信道信息矩阵, 对该恒模信道信息矩阵每一列矢量进行恒模正交扩展, 得 到 r个 NxN维扩展矩阵 , 从每个 NxN维扩展矩阵中选出与非恒模信道信息 矩阵距离最小的 r列, 得到 r个 Nxr维矩阵, 然后从该 r个 Nxr维矩阵中选出 与非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小的矩阵, 进行共轭后作为预编码矩阵, 利 用该预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码后 , 由于该预编码矩阵中每个元 素的幅值相等, 所以基站的发射天线都能以最大发射功率发送, 没有不平 衡的因素, 因此减小了功率损失。 实施例 4
参见图 4, 本发明实施例提供了一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码装 置, 该装置包括:
接收模块 401 , 处理模块 402和预编码模块 403;
其中, 接收模块 401 , 用于接收用户设备 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩 阵;
处理模块 402, 用于去除接收模块 401接收的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每 个元素的幅值信息, 保留相位信息, ^^据恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩 阵;
本实施例中, 处理模块 402的具体实现可以分为两种, 当接收模块 401 收到的非恒模信道信息矩阵为 Νχ ΐ维时, 处理模块 402具体用于去除接收模 块 401接收的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息 , 即保留相位信 息, 将得到的恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后作为预编码矩阵;
当接收模块 401收到的非恒模信道信息矩阵为 Nxr维时, 处理模块 402 具体去除接收模块 401接收的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 即保留相位信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 并对得到的恒模信道信息矩阵 的每一列矢量进行恒模正交扩展, 得到 r个 Nx N维恒模正交扩展矩阵, 从每 个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵中选出一个 Nxr维矩阵 , 得到 r个 Nxr维矩阵 , 其中, 选出的每一个 Nxr维矩阵与该非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小, 再从该 r个 Nxr维矩阵中选出与非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小的矩阵, 对选择出的 矩阵进行共轭后作为预编码矩阵。
本实施例中, 非恒模信道信息矩阵可以是非恒模信道矩阵, 也可以是 非恒模特征空间, 当非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, Νχΐ维中, 1表示 UE的接收天线个数为 1 , Nxr维中, r表示 UE的接收天线个数为 r; 当 非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征空间时, Nxl维中, 1表示非恒模特征空 间的秩为 1 , 秩为 1表示 1流传输时吞吐率最大, Nxr维中, r表示非恒模特征 空间的秩为 r, 秩为 r表示 r流传输时吞吐率最大。
预编码模块 403 , 用于利用处理模块 402得到的预编码矩阵对待发送数 据进行预编码。
通过去除 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 也就 是使得 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵中所有元素幅值相等, 只保留相位信 息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 根据恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵; 利 用该预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码后, 由于该预编码矩阵中每个元 素的幅值相等, 各个发射天线同时能以最大发射功率发送待发送的数据 , 没有不平衡的因素, 因此减小了功率损失。 实施例 5
参见图 5 , 本发明实施例提供了一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码装 置, 该装置包括:
接收模块 501 , 处理模块 502和预编码模块 503;
其中, 接收模块 501 , 用于接收 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵, 该非 恒模信道信息矩阵为 Nxl维; N表示发射天线个数为 N; 本实施例中, 非恒模信道信息矩阵可以是非恒模信道矩阵, 也可以是 非恒模特征空间, 其中, 在非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, Νχΐ 维中, 1表示 UE的接收天线个数为 1; 在非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特 征空间时, Νχΐ维中, 1表示非恒模特征空间的秩为 1 , 秩为 1表示 1流传 输时吞吐率最大。
本实施例中 , 非恒模 CSI也可以称为非恒模信道信息矩阵。
其中, MIMO预编码技术中, 基站首先要获知非恒模 CSI, 然后才根据 该非恒模 CSI进行预编码, 基站获取非恒模 CSI的方式是通过 UE向基站 反馈获得的, 具体的, UE向基站反馈的非恒模信道矩阵或者非恒模特征工 间可以参见式 (5):
Figure imgf000013_0001
式 (4)中, c,是非恒模 CSI即非恒模信道信息矩阵, 是正实数, 也是 每个发射天线上的幅值信息, e 是 的相位信息, j表示发射天线标号, 从式 (4)中可以看出, 发射天线个数是 N个; 若 c,是非恒模信道矩阵, 则式 (4) 中没有 i; 若 c,是非恒模特征空间, 则 i表示第 i个码字。
处理模块 502,用于去除接收模块 501接收的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每 个元素的幅值信息, 即保留相位信息, 将得到的恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后 作为预编码矩阵, 得到的预编码矩阵可以进行列交换操作, 或者各列矢量 可以与模为 1 的复数相乘, 进行完这些操作后仍可以作为对待发送数据进 行预编码的预编码矩阵;
具体的, 去除式 (5)所表示的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信 息, 即使得式 (4)所表示的信道信息矩阵中每个元素的 均为 1 , 只保留相 位信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 将该恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后作为预编 码矩阵 w,., 见公式 (5): w,
Figure imgf000014_0001
… ]7" (5) 需要说明的是, 只要使得式 (4)中幅值信息相等, 可以将式 (4)中各个元 素的幅值设置为固定值, 比如均设为 2、 3或 4等等, 但设为不为 1的数值后, 经过式 (4)中分母的计算和约分后 , 式 (4)中各个元素的幅值最终还是为 1。
预编码模块 503 , 用于利用处理模块 502得到的预编码矩阵对待发送数 据进行预编码。
本发明实施例的有益效果是: 通过去除 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵 中每个元素的幅值信息 , 即使得 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵中所有元素 幅值相等, 只保留相位信息, 将处理后的恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后作为预 编码矩阵 , 利用该预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码后 , 由于该预编码 矩阵中每个元素的幅值相等, 仍以式 (2)为例, 第一个发射天线和第二个发 射天线同时能以最大发射功率发送待发送的数据, 没有不平衡的因素, 因 此减小了功率损失。 实施例 6
参见图 6 , 本发明实施例提供了一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码装 置, 该装置包括:
接收模块 601 , 处理模块 602和预编码模块 603 ;
其中, 接收模块 601 , 用于接收 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵, 该非 恒模信道信息矩阵为 Nxr维, N表示发射天线个数为 N;
具体的, 设 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵为 C, = [c) c^ . c; ] , 该非恒模 信道信息矩阵中 c;'为模为 1的列矢量, " = 1, 2, ... r , 每个 c;'与实施例 5中式 (4) 的表现形式相同。
本实施例中, 非恒模信道信息矩阵可以是非恒模信道矩阵, 也可以是 非恒模特征空间, 其中当非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, Nxr 维中, r表示 UE的接收天线个数为 r; 当非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征 空间时, Nxr维中, r表示非恒模特征空间的秩为 r, 秩为 r表示 r流传输时吞 吐率最大。
本实施例中, 非恒模 CSI也可以称为非恒模信道信息矩阵。
处理模块 602 , 用于去除接收模块 601接收的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每 个元素的幅值信息, 保留相位信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 根据该恒模 信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵;
处理模块 602具体包括:处理单元 6021 ,扩展单元 6022和选择单元 6023 ; 其中, 处理单元 6021 , 用于去除接收模块 601接收的非恒模信道信息矩 阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 保留相位信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵;
具体的, 经过本步驟处理后, 设非恒模信道信息矩阵 C,. = [c; 对 应的恒模信道信息矩阵 X, = [χ] xf… ] , 即对 C,中每一个 C;'去除幅值信息, 得到相应的 , 该恒模信道信息矩阵中每一个 X 为模为 1的列矢量, w = 1,2,· · ·Γ。
扩展单元 6022 , 用于对处理单元 6021处理后得到的恒模信道信息矩阵 的每一列矢量进行恒模正交扩展, 得到 r个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵, 从每 个 Nx N维恒模正交扩展矩阵中选出一个 Nx r维矩阵, 得到 r个 Nx r维矩阵, 其中 , 选择出的每一个 Nxr维矩阵与非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小;
具体的, 对处理单元 6021得到的每个 X进行恒模正交扩展, 即将 1列扩 展为 Ν列。
其中, 扩展单元 6022具体可以包括: 第一计算子单元 6022a和第二计算 子单元 6022b;
设恒模信道信息矩阵的每一列矢量为 X , 每个 X对应的 N X N维恒模正 交扩展矩阵为 if;
第一计算子单元 6022a , 用于根据
Figure imgf000015_0001
. Q ) ;'
' any one column , 即 χ 为矩阵 (A^ Q)的任一列, 得到 对应的对角阵 A ; 其中, Q为任一恒模 NxN维矩 阵, 例如, Q可以 NxN维 DFT矩阵;
第二计算子单元 6022b, 用于根据 ^ A^ Q , 得到 f 。
选择单元 6023 , 用于从扩展单元 6022得到的 r个 Nxr维矩阵中选出与非 恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小的矩阵, 进行共轭后作为预编码矩阵, 进一步 的还可以对得到的预编码矩阵进行列交换操作, 或者各列矢量可以与模为 1 的复数相乘, 进行完这些操作后的预编码矩阵仍可以作为对待发送数据进 行预编码的预编码矩阵。
需要说明的是, 与非恒模信道信息矩阵 C,. = [c) (^ .. c;]距离最小也就与
C,.最相似。
本发明实施例的有益效果是: 通过对 UE反馈的 Nxr维非恒模信道信息 矩阵中每一列矢量进行处理, 去除该非恒模信道信息矩阵的幅值信息, 即 使得该非恒模信道信息矩阵的每一列幅值相等, 保留相位信息, 得到恒模 信道信息矩阵, 对该恒模信道信息矩阵每一列矢量进行恒模正交扩展, 得 到 r个 NxN维扩展矩阵 , 从每个 NxN维扩展矩阵中选出与非恒模信道信息 矩阵距离最小的 r列, 得到 r个 Nxr维矩阵, 然后从该 r个 Nxr维矩阵中选出 与非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小的矩阵, 进行共轭后作为预编码矩阵, 利 用该预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码后 , 由于该预编码矩阵中每个元 素的幅值相等, 所以基站的发射天线都能以最大发射功率发送, 没有不平 衡的因素, 因此减小了功率损失。 实施例 7
参见图 7, 本发明实施例提供了一种反馈信道质量指示的方法, 该方法 包括:
701 : 去除非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 即保留相位信 息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 根据该恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵; 本实施例中, 非恒模信道信息矩阵可以是非恒模信道矩阵, 也可以是 非恒模特征空间, 当非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, Νχΐ维中, 1表示 UE的接收天线个数为 1 , Nxr维中, r表示 UE的接收天线个数为 r; 当非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征空间时, Nxl维中, 1表示非恒模特征 空间的秩为 1 , 秩为 1表示 1流传输时吞吐率最大, Nxr维中, r表示非恒 模特征空间的秩为 r, 秩为 r表示 r流传输时吞吐率最大。
当 r=l时, 根据该恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵, 具体为: 将得到的恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后作为预编码矩阵。
当 r>l 时, 根据该恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵的方法可以参照 实施例 3中步驟 302到 304得到预编码矩阵的方法, 此处不再赘述。
本实施例中, 非恒模信道信息矩阵也可以称为非恒模 CSI。
702: 根据得到的预编码矩阵计算 CQI ( Channel Quality Indicator, 信道 质量指示) , 并将该 CQI发送给基站。
CQI是无线信道的通信质量的测量标准。一个高值的 CQI表示一个信道 有高的质量, 反之亦然。 对一个信道的 CQI能够通过使用性能指标来计算, 例如, SNR (信噪比(Signal to Noise Ratio, 信噪比) , SINR ( Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio , 信号与千扰力口噪声 t匕)等。
由于非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值不总是相等, 直接根据该 非恒模信道信息矩阵计算 CQI, 得到的 CQI可能不是很精确, 而本发明实施 例对非恒模信道信息矩阵进行处理, 使该非恒模信道信息矩阵变为恒模信 道信息矩阵, 根据该恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵, 然后根据该预编 码矩阵计算 CQI, 可以得到的比较精确的 CQI。 具体如何根据预编码矩阵计 算得到 CQI, 属于本领域技术人员的公知常识, 此处不再赘述, CQI可以为 多用户 MIMO CQI , 也可以为单用户 MIMO CQL
本发明实施例的有益效果是: 通过去除非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元 素的幅值信息, 4艮据该恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵, 通过得到的预 编码矩阵计算精确的 CQT, 并发送给基站, 使基站可以得到精确的下行链路 信道的质量情况, 然后根据该精确的下行链路信道的质量情况进行相应的 操作, 以提高系统的性能。 实施例 8
参见图 8, 本发明实施例提供了一种反馈信道质量指示的装置, 该装置 包括: 处理模块 801和计算模块 802;
处理模块 801 , 用于去除非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 根所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵;
本实施例中, 非恒模信道信息矩阵可以是非恒模信道矩阵, 也可以是 非恒模特征空间, 当非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, Νχΐ维中, 1表示 UE的接收天线个数为 1 , Nxr维中, r表示 UE的接收天线个数为 r; 当非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征空间时, Nxl维中, 1表示非恒模特征 空间的秩为 1 , 秩为 1表示 1流传输时吞吐率最大, Nxr维中, r表示非恒 模特征空间的秩为 r, 秩为 r表示 r流传输时吞吐率最大。
计算模块 802, 用于根据处理模块 801得到的预编码矩阵计算 CQI, 并 将该 CQI发送给基站。
处理模块 801的实现方式可以参照实施例 4的处理模块 402、 实施例 5中 的处理模块 502以及实施例 6中的处理模块 602。
本发明实施例的有益效果是: 通过去除非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元 素的幅值信息, 4艮据该恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵, 通过得到的预 编码矩阵计算精确的 CQI, 并发送给基站, 使基站可以得到精确的下行链路 信道的质量情况, 然后根据该精确的下行链路信道的质量情况进行相应的 操作, 以提高系统的性能。
本发明实施例可以利用软件实现, 相应的软件程序可以存储在可读取 的存储介质中, 例如, 计算机的硬盘、 緩存或光盘中。 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发 明的精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在 本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包 括:
接收用户设备 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵;
去除所述非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道信 息矩阵, 根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵;
利用所述预编码矩阵对待发送数据进行预编码。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述非恒模信道信息矩 阵为非恒模信道矩阵或非恒模特征空间, 且为 Nxi维, 其中, N表示发射 天线个数, 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, 所述 1 表示 接收天线个数; 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征空间时, 所述 1 表示秩;
所述根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵包括:
将得到的所述恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后作为预编码矩阵。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述非恒模信道信息矩 阵为非恒模信道矩阵或非恒模特征空间, 且为 Nx r维, 其中, N表示发射 天线个数, r为大于 1的整数; 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩 阵时,所述 r表示接收天线个数; 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征 空间时, 所述 r表示秩;
所述根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵包括:
对所述恒模信道信息矩阵的 r列中的每一列矢量进行恒模正交扩展, 得 到 r个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵;
从所述 r个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵中的每一个 NxN维恒模正交扩展 矩阵中选出一个 Nxr维矩阵, 得到 r个 Nxr维矩阵, 其中, 选择出的每一个 Nxr维矩阵与所述非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小;
从所述 r个 Nxr维矩阵中选出与所述非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小的矩 阵, 对选择出的矩阵进行共轭, 作为预编码矩阵。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 对所述恒模信道信息矩 阵的 r列中的每一列矢量进行恒模正交扩展, 得到 r个 NxN维恒模正交扩 展矩阵, 具体包括:
令所述恒模信道信息矩阵的每一列矢量 满足: = (Λ . Q)中的一列, 其中, 为对角阵, Q为任一恒模 ΝχΝ维矩阵, 《 = l,2,...r , 得到所述对角 阵 Λ;' ;
根据所述对角阵 , 按照所述每个 x对应的 Nx N维恒模正交扩展矩阵 Ρ" = Λ Q , 获得所述/ f 。
5. —种反馈信道质量指示的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括: 去除非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩 阵 , 根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵;
根据所述预编码矩阵计算信道质量指示 CQI,并将所述 CQI发送给基站。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述非恒模信道信息矩 阵为非恒模信道矩阵或非恒模特征空间, 且为 Nxl维, 其中, Ν表示发射 天线个数, 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, 所述 1 表示 接收天线个数; 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征空间时, 所述 1 表示秩;
根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵, 具体为:
将得到的恒模信道信息矩阵共轭后作为预编码矩阵。
7. 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述非恒模信道信息矩 阵为非恒模信道矩阵或非恒模特征空间, 且为 Nxr维, 其中, N表示发射 天线个数, r为大于 1的整数; 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩 阵时,所述 r表示接收天线个数; 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征 空间时, 所述 r表示秩;
根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵, 具体为:
对所述恒模信道信息矩阵的 r列中的每一列矢量进行恒模正交扩展, 得 到 r个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵, 从所述 r个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵中 的每一个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵中 ,选出一个 Nxr维矩阵,得到 r个 Nxr 维矩阵, 其中, 选择除的每一个 Nxr维矩阵与所述非恒模信道信息矩阵距 离最小;
从所述 r个 Nxr维矩阵中选出与所述非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小的矩 阵, 对选择出的矩阵进行共轭, 作为预编码矩阵。
8. 一种多输入多输出系统中的预编码装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包 括:
接收模块, 用于接收用户设备 UE反馈的非恒模信道信息矩阵; 处理模块, 用于去除所述接收模块接收的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个 元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得 到预编码矩阵;
预编码模块, 用于利用所述处理模块得到的预编码矩阵对待发送数据 进行预编码。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述非恒模信道信息矩 阵为非恒模信道矩阵或非恒模特征空间, 且为 Nxl维, 其中, N表示发射天 线个数, 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, 所述 1表示为接 收天线个数; 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征空间时, 所述 1表示 为秩;
所述处理模块, 具体用于去除所述接收模块接收的非恒模信道信息矩 阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 将所述恒模信道信息 矩阵共轭后作为预编码矩阵。
10. 根据权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述非恒模信道信息矩 阵为非恒模信道矩阵或非恒模特征空间, 且为 Nx r维, 其中, N表示发射天 线个数, r为大于 1的整数;当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模信道矩阵时, 所述 r表示为接收天线个数; 当所述非恒模信道信息矩阵为非恒模特征空间 时, 所述 r表示为秩;
所述处理模块包括:
处理单元, 用于去除所述接收模块接收的非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个 元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵;
扩展单元 , 用于对所述处理单元得到的恒模信道信息矩阵的 r列中的每 一列矢量进行恒模正交扩展, 得到 r个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵, 从每个 NxN维恒模正交扩展矩阵中选出一个 Nx r维矩阵, 得到 r个 Nxr维矩阵, 其 中 , 选择出的每一个 Nxr维矩阵与所述非恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小; 选择单元, 用于从所述扩展单元得到的 r个 Nx r维矩阵中选出与所述非 恒模信道信息矩阵距离最小的矩阵, 进行共轭后作为预编码矩阵。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述扩展单元包括: 第一计算子单元, 用于根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵的每一列矢量 X;'为 矩阵 (A;' . Q)的任一列, 计算得到对角阵 其中, " = 1,2, ...r , Q为任一恒 才莫 NxN维矩阵; 第二计算子单元 , 用于根据每个 x对应的 N乂 N维恒模正交扩展矩阵 ^ = Λ; Q , 获得所述 f 。
12. 一种反馈信道质量指示的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包括: 处理模块, 用于去除所述非恒模信道信息矩阵中每个元素的幅值信息, 得到恒模信道信息矩阵, 根据所述恒模信道信息矩阵得到预编码矩阵; 计算模块 , 用于根据所述处理模块得到的预编码矩阵计算信道质量指 示 CQI, 并将所述 CQI发送给基站。
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