Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/12—Cyclic peptides, e.g. bacitracins; Polymyxins; Gramicidins S, C; Tyrocidins A, B or C
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/33—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans derived from pro-opiomelanocortin, pro-enkephalin or pro-dynorphin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/13—Amines
  • A61K31/155—Amidines (), e.g. guanidine (H2N—C(=NH)—NH2), isourea (N=C(OH)—NH2), isothiourea (—N=C(SH)—NH2)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/33—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans derived from pro-opiomelanocortin, pro-enkephalin or pro-dynorphin
  • A61K38/34—Melanocyte stimulating hormone [MSH], e.g. alpha- or beta-melanotropin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/665—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans derived from pro-opiomelanocortin, pro-enkephalin or pro-dynorphin

Definitions

• POMC pro-hormone pro-opiomelanocortin
• melanocortin receptors Five melanocortin receptors (MC-R) have been characterized to date. These include melanocyte-specific receptor (MCl-R), corticoadrenal-specific ACTH receptor (MC2-R), melacortin-3 (MC3-R), melanocortin-4 (MC4-R) and melanocortin- 5 receptor (MC5-R). All of the melanocortin receptors respond to the peptide hormone class of melanocyte stimulating hormones (MSH) (Cone et al, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 680:342-363 (1993); Cone et al., Recent Prog. Horm. Res., 51:287-318 (1996)).
• MSH melanocyte stimulating hormones
• MC-R melanocortin
• Hepatic steatosis may also affect persons considered to be normal or even underweight. Left unaddressed, heaptic steatosis can progress into fatty liver disease, inflammation of the liver, lesions, fibrosis and cancer. Concurrent with the rising occurrence of obesity, fatty liver disease is quickly becoming a global health problem for both adults and children (see Reddy et al., Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol., 290:G852-858, (2006) and references therein).
• the present invention is directed to the use of peptides which are ligands of one or more of the melanocortin receptors (MC-R), or the pharmaceutically- acceptable salts thereof, to treat mammals suffering from dyslipidemia.
• the ligands are agonists to the melanocortin 4 receptor.
• the melanocortin receptor ligands are according to the formulae described herein or are selected from particular peptides described herein.
• the subject mammals suffering from dyslipidemia may be obese or overweight.
• the dyslipidemic subject mammals may also be normal weight or lean.
• the subject mammals may be human subjects of any age, such as an infant, a child, an adult or an elderly adult.
• the subject mammals suffering from dyslipidemia by also suffer from increased levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or free fatty acids or a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration in the blood.
• the subject mammals suffering from dyslipidemia may also suffer from hepatic steatosis.
• the hepatic steatosis may be non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease or alcoholic fatty acid liver disease.
• the non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease or alcoholic fatty acid liver disease may be accompanied by steatohepatitis, steatonecrosis, lobular inflammation, ballooning degeneration, fibrosis, cirrhosis or cancer or any combination thereof.
• the invention provides a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a melanocortin receptor 4 ligand according to Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates or prodrugs thereof (see International Patent Application Publication Number WO 2007/008704, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety):
• a 1 is Ace, HN-(CH 2 )m-C(O), L- or D-amino acid, or deleted;
• a 2 is Cys, D-Cys, hCys, D-hCys, Pen, D-Pen, Asp, or GIu;
• a 3 is GIy, Ala, /3- Ala, Gaba, Aib, D-amino acid, or deleted;
• a 4 is His, 2-Pal, 3-Pal, 4-Pal, Taz, 2-Thi, 3-Thi, or (X ⁇ X ⁇ X ⁇ X ⁇ X ⁇ Phe;
• a 5 is D-Phe, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-Trp, D-BaI, D-(X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe, L-Phe or D-(Et)Tyr;
• a 6 is Arg, hArg, Dab, Dap, Lys, Orn, or HN-CH((CH 2 )n-N(R 4 R 5 ))-C(O);
• a 7 is Trp, 1-Nal, 2-Nal, BaI, Bip, D-Trp, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-BaI or D-Bip;
• a 8 is GIy, D-AIa, Ace, Ala, ⁇ -Ala, Gaba, Apn, Ahx, Aha, HN-(CH 2 )S-C(O), or deleted;
• a 9 is Cys, D-Cys, hCys, D-hCys, Pen, D-Pen, Dab, Dap, Orn, or Lys;
• a 10 is Ace, HN-(CH 2 )t-C(O), L- or D-amino acid, or deleted;
• R 1 is OH or NH 2 ;
• n is, independently for each occurrence, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
• s is, independently for each occurrence, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7;
• t is, independently for each occurrence, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7;
• X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , and X 5 each is, independently for each occurrence, H, F, Cl, Br, I,
• R 4 is (Ci-C4o)acyl, aryl(Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted aryl(Ci-C 40 )acyl, (Ci-C 4 o)alkylsulfonyl, or -C(NH)-NH 2 , then R 5 is (Ci-C4o)acyl, aryl(Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted aryl(Ci-C 40 )acyl, (Ci-C 4 o)alkylsulfonyl, or -C(NH)-NH 2 , then R 5 is
• R 2 is (Ci-C3o)acyl, aryl(Ci-C3o)acyl, substituted (Ci-C3o)acyl, or substituted aryl(Ci-C3o)acyl
• R 3 is H, (Ci-C3o)alkyl, (Ci-C3o)heteroalkyl,
• the invention provides a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a subgroup of melanocortin receptor ligands of the immediate foregoing Formula I, wherein:
• a 1 is A6c, Arg, D-Arg, Cha, D-Cha, hCha, Chg, D-Chg, Gaba, He, Leu, hLeu,
• a 2 is Asp, Cys, D-Cys, hCys, D-hCys, GIu, Pen, or D-Pen;
• a 3 is D- Abu, Aib, Ala, ⁇ -Ma, D-AIa, D-Cha, Gaba, D-GIu, GIy, D-IIe, D-Leu,
• a 4 is His or 3-Pal
• a 5 is D-BaI, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-Phe, D-Trp, or D-(Et)Tyr;
• a 6 is Arg, or hArg
• a 7 is BaI, Bip, 1-Nal, 2-Nal, Trp, D-Trp;
• a 8 is A6c, D-AIa, Aha, Ahx, Ala, ⁇ -Ma, Apn, Gaba, GIy or deleted;
• a 9 is Cys, D-Cys, hCys, D-hCys, Lys, Pen, or D-Pen;
• a 10 is Thr, or deleted
• More preferred compounds of the immediately foregoing group of ligands according to Formula (I) useful to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject are compounds of the formula:
• the invention provides a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a melanocortin receptor ligand according to Formula (II) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates or prodrugs thereof (see International Patent Application Publication Number WO 2007/008704 incorporated herein by reference in its entirety):
• a 1 is NIe or deleted
• a 2 is Cys or Asp
• a 3 is GIu or D-AIa
• a 4 is His
• a 5 is D-Phe
• a 6 is Arg
• a 7 is Trp, 2-Nal or BaI
• a 8 is GIy, Ala, D-AIa, ⁇ -Ala, Gaba or Apn;
• a 9 is Cys or Lys
• each of R 2 and R 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of H or
• the invention provides a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a melanocortin receptor compound according to Formula (III), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates or prodrugs thereof (see International Application Publication Number WO 2007/008684, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety):
• B 1 is a peptide moiety which contains 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 ,or 15 amino acids, wherein at least 5 amino acids are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Arg, D-Arg, L-hArg and D-hArg, or B 1 is optionally deleted;
• a 1 is Ace, HN-(CH 2 )m-C(O), L- or D-amino acid or deleted;
• a 2 is Cys, D-Cys, hCys, D-hCys, Pen, D-Pen, Asp or GIu;
• a 3 is GIy, GIu, Ala, ⁇ -AIa, Gaba, Aib, D-amino acid or deleted;
• a 4 is His, 2-Pal, 3-Pal, 4-Pal, Taz, 2-Thi, 3-Thi or (X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe;
• a 5 is D-Phe, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-Trp, D-BaI, D-(X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe, D-(Et)Tyr, D-Dip, D-Bip or D-Bpa ;
• A" is Arg, hArg, Dab, Dap, Lys, Orn or HN-CH((CH 2 )n-N(R 4 R 5 ))-C(O);
• a 7 is Trp, 1-Nal, 2-Nal, BaI, Bip, Dip, Bpa, D-Trp, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-BaI, D- Bip, D-Dip or D-Bpa;
• a 8 is GIy, D-AIa, Ace, Ala, ⁇ -AIa, Gaba, Apn, Ahx, Aha, HN-(CH 2 ) S -C(O) or deleted;
• a 9 is Cys, D-Cys, hCys, D-hCys, Pen, D-Pen, Dab, Dap, Orn or Lys;
• a 10 is Ace, HN-(CHi) 4 -C(O), Pro, hPro, 3-Hyp, 4-Hyp, Thr, an L- or D-amino acid or deleted;
• a 11 is Pro, hPro, 3-Hyp, 4-Hyp or deleted;
• a 12 is Lys, Dab, Dap, Arg, hArg or deleted;
• a 13 is Asp, GIu or deleted
• B 2 is a peptide moiety containing 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 amino acids or deleted
• B 3 is a peptide moiety which contains 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 amino acids wherein at least 5 amino acids are independently selected from the group consisting of L-Arg, D-Arg, L-hArg and D-hArg, or is deleted;
• R 1 is OH or NH 2 ;
• R 2 and R 3 each is , independently for each occurrence, selected from the group consisting of H, (Ci-C3o)alkyl, (Ci-C3o)heteroalkyl, (Ci-C3o)acyl, (C2-C3o)alkenyl, (C2- C3o)alkynyl, aryl(Ci-C3o)alkyl, aryl(Ci-C3o)acyl, substituted (Ci-C3o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C3o)heteroalkyl, substituted (Ci-C3o)acyl, substituted (C2-C3o)alkenyl, substituted (C2-C3o)alkynyl, substituted aryl(Ci-C3o)alkyl and substituted aryl(Ci-C3o)acyl;
• R 4 and R 5 each is, independently for each occurrence, H, (Ci-C4o)alkyl, (Ci- C4o)heteroalkyl, (Ci-C4o)acyl, (C2-C4o)alkenyl, (C2-C4o)alkynyl, aryl(Ci-C4o)alkyl, aryl(Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)heteroalkyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted (C2-C4o)alkenyl, substituted (C2-C4o)alkynyl, substituted aryl(Ci-C4o)alkyl, substituted aryl(Ci-C4o)acyl, (Ci-C4o)alkylsulfonyl or C(NH)-NH 2 ; n is, independently for each occurrence, 1, 2, 3,
• t is, independently for each occurrence, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7;
• X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 and X 5 each is, independently for each occurrence, H, F, Cl, Br, I, (Ci-io)alkyl, substituted (Ci-io)alkyl, (C2-io)alkenyl, substituted (C2-io)alkenyl, (C2- io)alkynyl, substituted (C2-io)alkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, OH, NH2, NO2 or CN; provided that:
• R 4 when R 4 is (G-C4o)acyl, aryl(Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted aryl(Ci-C4o)acyl, (Ci-C4o)alkylsulfonyl or C(NH)-NH 2 , then R 5 is H, (Ci- C4o)alkyl, (Ci-C4o)heteroalkyl, (C2-C4o)alkenyl, (C2-C4o)alkynyl, aryl(Ci-C4o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)heteroalkyl, substituted (C2-C4o)alkenyl, substituted (C2-C4o)alkynyl or substituted aryl(Ci-C4o)alkyl;
• R 2 is (Ci-C3o)acyl, aryl(Ci-C3o)acyl, substituted (Ci-C3o)acyl or substituted aryl(Ci-C3o)acyl
• R 3 is H, (Ci-C3o)alkyl, (Ci-C3o)heteroalkyl, (C2- C3o)alkenyl, (C2-C3o)alkynyl, aryl(Ci-C3o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C3o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C3o)heteroalkyl, substituted (C2-C3o)alkenyl, substituted (C2-C3o)alkynyl or substituted aryl(Ci-C3o)alkyl;
• B 1 nor B 2 contains one or more of the following amino acid sequences: Arg-(Lys)2-(Arg) 2 -Gln-(Arg)3 (SEQ ID NO:1), Tyr-Ala-Arg-Lys-Ala- (Arg)2-Gln-Ala-(Arg) 2 (SEQ ID NO:2), Tyr-Ala-Arg-(Ala)2-(Arg)2-(Ala)2-(Arg) 2 (SEQ ID NO:3), Tyr-Ala-(Arg) 9 (SEQ ID NO:4), Tyr-(Ala)3-(Arg) 7 (SEQ ID NO:5), Tyr-Ala- Arg-Ala-Pro-(Arg) 2 -Ala-(Arg)3 (SEQ ID NO:6) or Tyr-Ala-Arg-Ala-Pro-(Arg) 2 -Pro- (Arg) 2 (SEQ ID NO:7);
• the invention is directed to the use of compounds of Formula (III) to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject wherein B 1 is Arg-Lys-Gln-Lys-(Arg) 5 (SEQ ID NO:8), Arg-(Lys)2-Arg-Gln-(Arg) 4 (SEQ ID NO:9), Arg-(Lys)2-(Arg)3-Gln-(Arg) 2 (SEQ ID NO: 10), Arg-(Lys)2-(Arg) 4 -Gln-Arg (SEQ ID NO:11), Arg-(Lys)2-(Arg) 5 -Gln (SEQ ID NO:12), Arg-(Lys)2-Gln-(Arg) 5 (SEQ ID NO:13), Arg-Gln-(Lys)2-(Arg)s (SEQ ID NO:14), Arg-Gln-(Arg) 7 (SEQ ID NO:15), Arg- Gln-(
• B 2 is ⁇ -Ala, ⁇ -Ala-Gly, ⁇ -Ala-Tyr, ⁇ -Ala-Tyr-Gly, (JS-AIa)-, (JS-AIa) 2 -GIy, (J3-Ala)2-Ty ⁇ , ( ⁇ -Ala) 2 -Tyr-Gly (SEQ ID NO:39), Doc, Doc-Gly, Doc-Tyr, Doc-Tyr-Gly, (Doc) 2 , (Doc) 2 -Gly, (Doc) 2 -Tyr, (Doc) 2 -Tyr-Gly (SEQ ID NO:40), or deleted;
• B 3 is Arg-Lys-Gln-Lys-(Arg)s (SEQ ID NO: 8), Arg-Lys-(Arg) 3 -Gln-(Arg) 3 (SEQ ID NO:41), Arg-(Lys) 2 -Arg-Gln-(Arg) 4 (SEQ ID NO:9), Arg-(Lys) 2 -Gln-(Arg)s (SEQ ID NO: 13), Arg-(Lys) 2 -(Arg) 2 -Gln-(Arg) 3 (SEQ ID NO:1), Arg-(Lys) 2 -(Arg) 3 -Gln-(Arg) 2 (SEQ ID NO:10), Arg-(Lys) 2 -(Arg) 4 -Gln-Arg (SEQ ID NO:11), Arg-(Lys) 2 -(Arg)s-Gln (SEQ ID NO:12), Arg-Gln-(Lys) 2 -(
• a 1 is A6c, Cha, hCha, Chg, D-Chg, hChg, Gaba, hLeu, Met,
• a 2 is Cys
• a 3 is D-Abu, Aib, Ala, ⁇ -Ma, D-AIa, D-Cha, Gaba, GIu, GIy, D-IIe, D-Leu, D- Met, D-NIe, D-Phe, D-TIe, D-Trp, D-Tyr, D-VaI, or deleted;
• a 4 is His
• a 5 is D-BaI, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-Phe, D-(X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe, D-Trp, or D- (Et)Tyr;
• a 6 is Arg or hArg
• a 7 is BaI, Bip, 1-Nal, 2-Nal, Trp, or D-Trp;
• a 8 is A5c, A6c, Aha, Ahx, Ala, /3- Ala, Apn, Gaba, GIy, or deleted;
• a 9 is Cys, D-Cys, hCys, D-hCys, Lys, Pen, or D-Pen;
• a 10 is Pro, Thr or deleted
• a 11 is Pro or deleted
• a 12 is arg, Lys, or deleted
• a 13 is Asp or deleted
• each of R 2 and R 3 is, independently, H or acyl
• Preferred ligands of the immeduiately foregoing group of compounds according to Formula (III), useful to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject are compounds of the formula:
• the invention provides a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a melanocortin receptor compound according to Formula (IV), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates and prodrugs thereof, with a compound having the following formula (formula (IV)):
• a 1 is the D-isomer of X-Phe or 2-Nal where X is halogen
• a 2 is BaI, 1-Nal, 2-Nal, or Trp;
• a 3 is Aib, Ala, _/?-Ala or GIy,
• Preferred compounds of the immediately foregoing formula discovered to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject include the following:
• the invention additionally provides a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a melanocortin receptor compound modified with a hydantoin moiety according to Formula (V), (VI) or (VII), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates or prodrugs thereof.
• the invention provides a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a melanocortin receptor ligand according to the following formula (Formula (V)), pharmaceutically-acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates and/or prodrugs thereof (see International Patent Application Number PCT/US08/06675 incorporated herein by reference in its entirety):
• X is selected from the group consisting of -CH2-S-S-CH2-, -C(CH3)2-S-S-CH2-, -CH 2 -S-S-C(CHs) 2 -, -C(CHs) 2 -S-S-C(CHs) 2 -, -(CHi) 2 -S-S-CH 2 -, -CH 2 -S-S-(CH.) ⁇ , -(CH 2 ) 2 -S-S-(CH 2 ) 2 -, -C(CHs) 2 -S-S-(CH 2 ) 2 -, -(CH 2 ) 2 -S-S-C(CHs) 2 -, -(CH 2 Jt-C (O)-NR 8 - (CH 2 ),- and -(CH 2 Jr- NR 8 -C(O)-(CH 2 >-;
• R 1 and R 2 each is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl;
• R 3 is -OH or -NH 2 ;
• R 4 and R 5 each is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl; R 6 R 7
• a 1 is His, 2-Pal, 3-Pal, 4-Pal, (X ⁇ X 2 r X 3 r X 4 r X 5 )Fhe r Taz, 2-Thi, 3-Thi or is deleted;
• a 2 is D-BaI, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-Phe or D-(X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe;
• a 3 is Arg, hArg, Dab, Dap, Lys or Orn;
• a 4 is BaI, 1-Nal, 2-Nal, (X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe or Trp;
• R 6 and R 7 each is, independently for each occurrence thereof, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl, (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl, aryl(Ci-Cs)alkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl, substituted (Ci- Cio)heteroalkyl or substituted aryl(Ci-Cs)alkyl provided that R 6 and R 7 may be joined together to form a ring;
• R 8 is H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl;
• r is, independently for each occurrence thereof, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
• t is, independently for each occurrence thereof, 1 or 2.
• a compound according the foregoing fourmula found useful to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject include compounds wherein X 1 is selected from the group consisting of:
• the invention provides a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a melanocortin receptor compound according to Formula (VI), pharmaceutically-acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates and/or prodrugs thereof (see International Patent Application Number PCT/US08/06675 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety):
• a 1 is Asp, Cys, D-Cys, Dab, Dap, GIu, Lys, Orn, Pen or D-Pen;
• a 2 is an L- or D-amino acid
• a 3 is His, 2-Pal, 3-Pal, 4-Pal, (X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X ⁇ he, Taz, 2-Thi or 3-Thi;
• a 4 is D-BaI, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-Phe or D-(X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe;
• a 5 is Arg, hArg, Dab, Dap, Lys or Orn;
• a 6 is BaI, 1-Nal, 2-Nal, (X ⁇ X ⁇ X ⁇ X ⁇ X ⁇ Phe or Trp,
• a 7 is Asp, Cys, D-Cys, Dab, Dap, GIu, Lys, Orn, Pen or D-Pen;
• R 1 is H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl;
• R 2 and R 3 each is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl, (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl, aryl(Ci- C5)alkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl or substituted aryl(Ci-C5)alkyl or R 2 and R 3 may be fused together form a cyclic moiety;
• R 5 and R 6 each is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl, (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl, aryl(Ci- Cs)alkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl or substituted aryl(Ci-C5)alkyl or R 5 and R 6 may be fused together form a cyclic moiety;
• R 7 and R 8 each is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl, (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl, aryl(Ci- Cs)alkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl or substituted aryl(Ci-C5)alkyl; or R 7 and R 8 may be fused together form a cyclic moiety;
• R 9 is H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl
• n is, independently for each occurrence thereof, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7;
• a preferred class of compounds according to Formula (VI) useful to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject are those compounds wherein:
• a 1 is Cys
• a 2 is D-AIa, Asn, Asp, GIn, GIu or D-Phe;
• a 3 is His
• a 4 is D-2-Nal or D-Phe
• a 5 is Arg
• a 6 is Trp
• a 7 is Cys or Pen
• each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 9 is, independently, H;
• R 4 is C(O)NH 2 ;
• each of R 5 and R 6 is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl, (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl or substituted (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl or R 5 and R 6 may be fused together form a cyclic moiety;
• each of R 7 and R 8 is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl, (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl or substituted (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl;
• Preferred compounds of the immediately foregoing formula (Formula (VI)) useful to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject include:
• the invention provides a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a melanocortin receptor ligand belonging to a class of cyclic peptide analogs that are ligands for the melanocortin receptors having a structure according to Formula (VII) as depicted below (see International Patent Application Number PCT/US08/06675 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety):
• X is selected from the group consisting of -CH2-S-S-CH2-, -C(CH3)2-S-S-CH2-, -CH 2 -S-S-C(CHs) 2 -, -C(CHs) 2 -S-S-C(CHs) 2 -, -(CHi) 2 -S-S-CH 2 -, -CH 2 -S-S-(CH 2 ) 2 , -(CH 2 ) 2 -S-S-(CH 2 ) 2 -, -C(CHs) 2 -S-S-(CH 2 ) 2 -, -(CH 2 ) 2 -S-S-C(CHs) 2 -, -(CH 2 >-C(O)-NR 8 - (CH 2 ),- and -(CH 2 ) r - NR 8 -C(O)-(CH 2 >-;
• each of R 1 and R 5 is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or substituted
• each of R 2 and R 3 is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl, (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl, aryl(Ci-Cs)alkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)alkyl, substituted (Ci-Cio)heteroalkyl or substituted aryl(Ci-Cs)alkyl or R 2 and R 3 may be fused together to form a ring;
• R 4 is OH or NH 2 ;
• each of R 6 and R 7 is, independently, H, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or substituted (Ci- Cio)alkyl;
• a 1 is an L- or D-amino acid or deleted
• a 2 is His, 2-Pal, 3-Pal, 4-Pal, (X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X ⁇ he, Taz, 2-Thi or 3-Thi;
• a 3 is D-BaI, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-Phe or D-(X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe;
• a 4 is Arg, hArg, Dab, Dap, Lys or Orn,;
• a 5 is BaI, 1-Nal, 2-Nal, (X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe or Trp,;
• r is, independently for each occurrence thereof, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
• t is, independently for each occurrence thereof, 1 or 2;
• a 1 is Ala, D-AIa, Asn, Asp, GIn, GIu or GIy;
• Preferred compounds according to Formula (VII) useful in the treatment of dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject include the following compounds:
• the present invention is directed to a method to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject by the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a melanocortin receptor ligand according to Formula (VIII) (see International Patent Application Number PCT/US08/07411, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety):
• a 0 is an aromatic amino acid
• a 1 is Ace, HN-(CH 2 )m-C(O), an L- or D-amino acid;
• a 2 is Asp, Cys, D-Cys, hCys, D-hCys, GIu, Pen, or D-Pen;
• a 3 is Aib, Ala, ⁇ - Ala, Gaba, GIy or a D-amino acid
• a 4 is His, 2-Pal, 3-Pal, 4-Pal, (X ⁇ X 2 ,X ⁇ X ⁇ X 5 )Phe, Taz, 2-Thi, or 3-Thi;
• a 5 is D-BaI, D-I-NaI, D-2-Nal, D-Phe, L-Phe, D-(X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 )Phe, L-Phe, D-Trp or D-(Et)Tyr;
• a 6 is Arg, hArg, Dab, Dap, Lys, Orn, or HN-CH((CH 2 )n-N(R 4 R 5 ))-C(O);
• a 7 is BaI, D-BaI, Bip, D-Bip, 1-Nal, D-I-NaI, 2-Nal, D-2-Nal, or D-Trp;
• a 8 is Ace, Aha, Ahx, Ala, D-AIa, ⁇ -Ala, Apn, Gaba, GIy, HN-(CH 2 ) S -C(O), or deleted;
• a 9 is Cys, D-Cys, hCys, D-hCys, Dab, Dap, Lys, Orn, Pen, or D-Pen;
• a 10 is Ace, HN-(CH 2 )t-C(O), L- or D-amino acid, or deleted;
• R 1 is OH, or NH 2 ;
• n is, independently for each occurrence, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
• s is, independently for each occurrence, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7;
• t is, independently for each occurrence, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7;
• X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , and X 5 each is, independently for each occurrence, H, F, Cl, Br, I, (Ci-io)alkyl, substituted (Ci-io)alkyl, (Q-io)alkenyl, substituted (C 2 -io)alkenyl,
• R 4 is (Ci-C4o)acyl, aryl(Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)acyl, substituted aryl(Ci-C4o)acyl, (Ci-C4o)alkylsulfonyl, or -C(NH)-NH 2
• R 5 is H or (Ci-C4o)alkyl, (Ci-C4o)heteroalkyl, (Q-C4o)alkenyl, (C 2 -C4o)alkynyl, aryl(Ci-C4o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C4o)heteroalkyl, substituted (C2-C4o)alkenyl, substituted (C2-C4o)alkynyl, or substituted aryl(Ci-C4o)alkyl;
• R 3 is H, (Ci-C3o)alkyl, (Ci-C3o)heteroalkyl, (Q- C3o)alkenyl, (C2-C3o)alkynyl, aryl(Ci-C3o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C3o)alkyl, substituted (Ci-C3o)heteroalkyl, substituted (Q-C3o)alkenyl, substituted (C2-C3o)alkynyl, or substituted aryl(Ci-C3o)alkyl;
• a preferred group of compounds of the immediate foregoing formula useful to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject is wherein
• a 0 is 1-Nal, 2-Nal, His, Pff, Phe, Trp, or Tyr;
• a 1 is Arg
• a 2 is Cys
• a 3 is D-AIa
• a 4 is His
• a 5 is D-Phe ⁇
• a 6 is Arg
• a 9 is Cys
• Preferred compounds of the immediately foregoing group of compounds is which are useful to treat dyslipidemia in a mammalian subject of the formula:

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• 2010
  • 2010-07-30 BR BR112012002445A patent/BR112012002445A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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