WO2011015165A1

WO2011015165A1 - Device and method for separating planar and three-dimensional solids

Info

Publication number: WO2011015165A1
Application number: PCT/DE2009/001493
Authority: WO
Inventors: Dirk Barnstedt
Original assignee: Dirk Barnstedt
Priority date: 2009-08-04
Filing date: 2009-10-23
Publication date: 2011-02-10
Also published as: DE112009005170A5; EP2461916A1; EP2461916B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device or a separating drum (1) for separating planar and three-dimensional solids, and light and heavy solids, which device or separating drum can be installed and integrated in existing systems (15) for separating different material streams, such as garbage and waste. The separating drum (1) is substantially composed of a cylindrical shell having openings (A, A', A''), the end faces of which cylindrical shell are closed with fixed plates (8, 8'). The inner volume of the separating drum (1) is divided into an overpressure area (E) and a vacuum area (D) by means of a partition (10, 10'), whereby the separation of planar and three-dimensional solids is at least partially effected.

Description

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DISCONNECTING

OF SURFACE AND BODY SOLIDS

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for separating sheet and body solids, as well as light and heavy

Solids, in particular with a drum to which the solids to be separated are supplied and during rotation of the drum, the separation mass is separated into flat and body-shaped solids.

Such devices are known in the art from DE 37 26 808 Al. This document discloses a method with a screen drum, in which a suction tube is guided, so that a negative pressure is generated virtually in the entire inner volume of the drum, as a result of which flat parts get caught on the surface of the screen drum. These parts are then in the lower part of the drum by two

Strippers wiped off the surface of the screen drum. The stripping of the individual parts is also supported by a further cover, which is arranged inside the drum close to the drum wall and is provided at each end with a sealing edge, so that the negative pressure inside the drum can not affect the surface of the cover , whereby the adhesion of the individual parts to be reduced. A disadvantage of this method and the corresponding device, it is felt that due to the relatively weak sealing effect of the end seals the

Adhesive action on the surface of the screen drum is not completely repealed and thus it must come to fixations of the sheet-like parts between the screen drum and stripper, whereby the operability of the entire system is finally strongly adversely affected. Furthermore, from DE 92 04 985.0 a device for sorting the reusable recyclables of plastic and composite waste in the dual

Disposal system to take. The device includes a sorting drum attached to the Has lateral surface breakthroughs and the lateral surface is arranged axially slightly inclined. The sorting drum is also rotatably mounted and is flanked from the outside by Luftansaugdüsen, whereby the sorting material located in the drum partially at the inner

Drum wall is adhered and adheres to the inner drum wall until the sorting material has arrived at a vertex and then dropped in the sorting drum on a longitudinal conveyor belt, whereby a separation between flat and body-shaped waste parts is effected. The fallen onto the conveying surface of the conveyor belt objects are then again by different levels of blowing nozzles in different waste parts from the incoming flow

discarded.

Another separation device for the separation of materials of different sizes has become known from DE 43 35 401 C2. This separation device has a rotating drum, the drum walls are equipped with openings through which materials can pass due to their size, which then recognize by control elements with sensors, the different materials and located on the outside of the drum air nozzles or plunger targeted for the removal of materials cause. The devices and methods known from the prior art are generally relatively expensive both in manufacture and in operation and have problems with the required degree of separation. Furthermore, sorting plants are known in the recycling sector for separating recyclable raw materials from input materials, which are incorporated into the material cycle again. Known devices for separating the above-mentioned solids in processing plants are so-called NIR devices, classifiers, oblique graders, ballistic separators and manual sorting.

All previously used systems and methods are very expensive to purchase and have problems both with the necessary degree of separation of the mass flow, as well as with the reliability. Also, it is not possible in most cases

Make changes that fit seamlessly into the existing system.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device which are able to easily sort a mass flow of various constituents into its components and integrated into an existing system to become, wherein the manufacture of the device is inexpensive and easy to use and operating mode.

This object is achieved with the characterizing features of the main claims.

According to the invention, the device for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids and / or light and heavy solids with a rotatable drum whose shell surface has openings, characterized in that the

Drum volume is divided into at least two areas (D, E) with comparable large volumes, where one volume range (D) negative pressure (p; <p _a ) and the other

Volume range (E) overpressure or atmospheric pressure (p;> p _a ), where p; the pressure within the regions D and E and p _{a is} the atmospheric pressure.

The corresponding erfmdungsgemäße method for separating flat and

body-shaped solids with a breakthrough drum to which the solids to be separated are supplied is characterized in that the inner

Volume are divided by at least one partition in two comparably large volumes, wherein in a volume range of negative pressure (p; <p _a ) and in the other

Volume range overpressure or atmospheric pressure (p;> p _a ) prevails.

Another basic idea according to the invention is a device for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids and / or light and heavy solids with a rotatable drum, the jacket surface of which has openings and is characterized in that the inside of the drum volume has a negative pressure (p _t <p _a ) prevails, whereby at least partially planar solids is built up on the surface of the separation drum shell due to the suction effect by means of the openings in the drum shell and the adhering solids are mechanically and / or pneumatically separated, where p; the pressure inside the separation drum is and p _{a is} the atmospheric pressure.

The device according to the invention for separating solids from a mass flow of various properties can be placed as a compact structural unit between feeding and continuation of the sorting material (strip transfer, ejection, sieve drum, ejection, hydroreses, ejection, ballistic separators, etc.). An advantage of the present invention is that the apertures (A, A ', A ") in the lateral surface of the drum can take arbitrary forms.

Another advantage is that the shapes of the apertures have a round, oval, star-shaped, cross-shaped, oblong, square, rectangular or a mixture of all the forms mentioned.

Another advantage is that the cross section transverse to the longitudinal axis of the drum is round, polygonal, preferably round.

It is also advantageous that the drum is rotatably mounted, wherein the bearing is arranged annularly in the region of the periphery of the drum circumference.

It is also advantageous that the division of the interior of the drum is formed by at least one partition.

Another advantage is that the at least one partition wall at the edge regions to the drum shell have seals which separate the two pressure ranges (positive pressure, negative pressure range) from each other.

It is also advantageous that at least one end face of the drum is closed and at least one end face has at least one exhaust air and / or supply air opening.

It is also advantageous that the at least one partition wall is fastened to at least one pull rod which extends within the separation drum over the entire length of the drum.

Another advantage is that at least one end face of the drum is fixed and does not rotate, the end faces on the periphery have bearings that the

Rotate drum casing.

It is also advantageous that at least two collecting devices are arranged below the drum, which receive the separate conveyed. It is also advantageous for the method that the rotational speed of the drum shell is variably selectable, whereby a further sorting of the material flow is effected.

It is also advantageous that a ring gear for driving the drum is arranged on the jacket of the drum at a suitable location.

It is also advantageous that the exhaust port is connected to the exhaust duct of the blower and the supply air pipe is connected to the pressure line of the blower.

It is also advantageous that the pressures in the subregions (D, E) are variable.

Another advantage is the distance between the drum shell and the conveyor is variable adjustable.

Further advantageous features can be found in the dependent claims and the detailed description.

In the following, the invention will be explained in detail with reference to drawings. It shows

Fig. 1: an isomerism of the inventive separation drum (1) with a view of the

Connecting piece of the supply and exhaust air (5, 6) and the drive (2);

A sectional view transverse to the longitudinal axis separating drum (1);

3 shows a front view of the supply and exhaust air nozzles (5, 6) in an end face (8);

4 is a front view of the end face (8 ') of the drive side;

5 shows a side view of the separating drum (1) with connecting piece (5, 6) and drive (2, 12);

6 shows a plan view of the separating drum (1) with nozzles (5, 6) and Drive (2,12);

7 is a perspective view of a possible application of the

Separating drum (1) according to the invention in a system with tape feed (16);

Fig. 1 shows an isomerism of the device 1 according to the invention with a view of the connection piece for the exhaust air 5 and the supply air 6. The separation drum 1 is formed from a drum shell and two end faces 8, 8 ', wherein the jacket of the separation drum 1 in The drum shell is supported in the region of the end faces 8, 8 'by a bearing 4, which may have an annular shape. The separating drum 1 therefore sits on two bearings, which are configured in diameter are that at the end faces 8, 8 'of the drum shell enough surface is available to direct the exhaust air or supply air by means of fixed supply and exhaust air nozzle 5, 6 in the drum or lead out of the drum Exhaust port 5. 6 are connected to the fan, not shown here, the supply air pipe 6 with the

Pressure line of the blower and the exhaust port is connected to the vacuum line of the blower. By the non-rotating end faces 8, 8 ', the areas in the drum 1 in a negative pressure range D (pi <p _a ) and a pressure or

Atmospheric pressure E (p;> p _a ) can be divided. With the nozzle 5, air is sucked from the negative pressure region D and through the nozzle 6 air is blown into the drum 1 of the overpressure region E. The separation drum 1 is fixedly or adjustably mounted by means of two mounting brackets 7, 7 'at the end of a conveyor belt, not shown here. Further, the drum 1 is rotated by means of a drive 2 via a drive roller 12 in rotation. The drive 2 is fastened via a bracket 3 to the non-rotating end face 8 '. The drive roller 12 is located on the outer side of the drum shell of the driven

Separating drum 1, whereby they can be set in rotation in two directions C. The complete unit is placed with the mounting brackets 7 on site. Depending on

Use case and intended use, the drum with other, not shown here drive means, e.g. Belt-driven chain drives are driven.

2 shows a sectional view transversely to the drum axis 14. The drum volume is divided in the present embodiment in two subregions D, E, wherein the

Partial area D is the negative pressure area in which the internal pressure p; is smaller than the outer one Air pressure p _a and in the other portion E of the pressure pi is greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure p _a . The partition consists in the present embodiment of two partitions 10, 10 ', which are attached to tie rods 11, 11'. The tie rods 11, 11 'extend over the entire length of the separation drum 1 and are connected to the

End surfaces 8, 8 'of the drum 1 attached. The partitions 10, 10 'have at their ends in the region of the inner drum wall seals 9, 9', which separate the negative pressure or the overpressure area within the drum from each other. The bearings 4 have a diameter adapted to the geometrical conditions.

3 shows a front view of the Zuluft- 6 and the exhaust port 5, which are arranged on the end face 8 of the drum 1. In the present embodiment, the supply air nozzle 6 is smaller in diameter than the exhaust port 5 on the front page 8. The surface of the face 8 must be selected so that the supply and exhaust air services are guaranteed for the individual sections within the separation drum 1 , In this case, the supply air pipe 6 is to be selected smaller in the present embodiment than the exhaust port 5, since the negative pressure volume is generally designed to be larger than the excess pressure volume. The end face 8 is firmly connected to a mounting bracket 7, so that the separating drum 1 can be mounted in any position. The drive roller 12 is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the separation drum 1, whereby due to the friction between the shell and the drive roller 12, the separation drum 1 is rotated.

4 shows a front view of the end face 8 '. The sorting drum 1 is mounted on two mounting brackets 7, T fixed or adjustable in the horizontal and vertical axis / direction, the console T on the front side 8 opposite end face 8 'is arranged. The face plate of the front side 8 'is firmly connected to the console T. The two end faces 8, 8 'are in the present exemplary embodiment by two elongated tie rods 11, 11' connected to each other. In addition, the at least one partition wall 10, 10 'is fastened to the inside of the drum at the two tie rods. The drum 1 is rotatably supported by a bearing 4 on the end faces 8, 8 '. Further, the drive 2 by means of a bracket 3, which is fixedly connected to the end plate 8, pivotally attached to the console.

5 shows a side view of the separating drum 1 according to the invention with the two bearings 4, 4 'on the end faces 8, 8'. The rotation of the drum 1 is in the present Embodiment effected by friction of a rubber wheel 12 on the surface of the shell of the drum. Another embodiment, instead of the rubber wheel 12, a gear wheel which engages in a ring gear 17 (symbolized by dashed lines) at a suitable location on the jacket of the drum 1. The nozzles 5, 6 for the supply and exhaust air are arranged on the front side 8 and the drive 2 with the drive roller 12 on the opposite end face 8 'is arranged.

6 shows a plan view of the separating drum 1, wherein it can be seen that the weight ratios between the drive 2 and exhaust stub 5, 6 are approximately in equilibrium, which reduces the static and dynamic loads and increases the stability.

Fig. 7 shows a system 15 for the separation of material streams with different size distributions and expansions of the individual pieces in the material flow. The material flow falling from the conveyor belt 16 falls onto the separating drum 1 provided with apertures A, A ', A ", which rotates in the direction of the arrow C. The light or planar solid becomes

By means of the apertures A, A ', A "sucked by the negative pressure in the portion D within the drum 1 and held by the arrangement of an overpressure or

Normal pressure range E in the drum 1, the solid is deposited at the desired location of the drum circumference, since in this area the suction effect is reversed in a blowing action or at normal pressure, the adhesion of the solids at the openings A, A ', A "of the drum is lost and The material thus captured is transferred to an underlying collecting device, in the present exemplary embodiment a funnel 17 onto a further conveyor belt 16 'or the like

deposited. The distance F between the drum 1 and the conveyor 16 plays a certain role, which influences the degree of separation of the material flow. The distance F between the drum 1 and the conveyor 16 is therefore dependent material flow adjustable. The separated light and two-dimensional solids fall by centrifugal force and the support of the blowing effect to the desired position. The

body-shaped and heavy solids slip past the drum and fall through the centrifugal force into an adjacent hopper 17 ', belt or similar conveyor.

The invention has many adjustment and Ausführungsmöglicikeiten for improvement and adjusting the degree of separation of the solids. The change in the peripheral speed and the suction and blowing effect in the drum can be adjusted or changed at any time without considerable effort. The diameter and the position of the drum as well as the opening or hole size change the separation result significantly and are adapted to the respectively supplied solid mass flows in kind and quantity.

Claims

Reference: PCT application Our reference: DB 8001 int. PATENT CLAIMS

1. Device (1) for separating sheetlike and Körperformigen solids and / or light and heavy solids, consisting of a rotatable drum (1) with openings (A, A ', A "), characterized in that the inner drum volume in at least two subregions (D, E) is divided, wherein the one subregion (D) negative pressure (pi <p _a ) and the other subregion (E) overpressure or atmospheric pressure (p \> p _a ).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings

(A, A ', A ") in the lateral surface of the drum (1) can take arbitrary forms.

3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the forms of

Breakthroughs (A ₅ A ', A ") are round, oval, star-shaped, cruciform, oblong, square, rectangular or a mixture of all shapes.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section transverse to the longitudinal axis of the drum (1) is round, polygonal, preferably round.

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drum (1) is rotatably mounted, wherein the bearing (4) is arranged annularly in the region of the periphery of the drum circumference.

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the division of the interior of the drum (1) by at least one drum wall (10, 10 ') is formed.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one partition wall (10, 10 ') at the edge regions to the drum shell seals (9, 9').

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one

End face (8, 8 ') of the drum (1) is closed, wherein at least one end face (8) at least one exhaust air and / or supply air opening (5, 6) is arranged.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one partition wall (10, 10 ') on at least one tie rod (11, 11') which extends over the entire length of the drum (1) is fixed.

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one end face (8,8 ') of the drum (1) is fixed and not rotated, wherein the end faces (8, 8') at the periphery of bearings (4), the rotatably store the drum shell.

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that below the drum (1) at least two collecting devices (12, 12 ') are arranged.

12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drum (1) at a suitable point (17) has a ring gear on the jacket, with which the rotation of the drum is effected.

13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust pipe (5) is connected to the exhaust duct of the fan and the supply air pipe (6) is connected to the pressure line of the blower.

14. Apparatus (1) for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids and / or light and heavy solids, consisting of a rotatable drum (1) with openings (A, A ', A'), characterized in that inside the drum ( 1), a negative pressure (p; <p _a ) prevails, at least partially laminar solids on the surface of the separating drum shell due to the suction by means of the openings (A, A ', A ") is built on the drum shell and the adhering solids mechanically and / or pneumatically are separated from the surface, where P; the pressure is the pressure inside the drum (1) and p _{a is} the atmospheric pressure.

15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressures in the subregions (D, E) are variable adjustable.

16. A method for separating sheet and body solids with a

Breakthroughs (A, A ', A ") having drum (1) to which the solids to be separated are supplied, characterized in that the inner volume through at least one partition (10, 10') in a negative pressure range D (p; <p _a ) and a pressure range / normal pressure E (pi> p _a ) is divided.

17. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the

Rotation speed of the drum shell is variably selectable.

18. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the shape and size of the apertures (A, A ', A ") are freely selectable.

19. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the distance (F) between the drum shell and the conveyor (16) is variable adjustable.