EP2461916B1 - Device and method for separating planar and three-dimensional solids - Google Patents

Device and method for separating planar and three-dimensional solids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2461916B1
EP2461916B1 EP09763826.6A EP09763826A EP2461916B1 EP 2461916 B1 EP2461916 B1 EP 2461916B1 EP 09763826 A EP09763826 A EP 09763826A EP 2461916 B1 EP2461916 B1 EP 2461916B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
air
apertures
solids
material flow
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EP09763826.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2461916A1 (en
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Dirk Barnstedt
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE200920011601 external-priority patent/DE202009011601U1/en
Priority claimed from DE200910035930 external-priority patent/DE102009035930A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/08—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to weight

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for separating sheet and body solids, as well as light and heavy solids, in particular with a drum to which the solids to be separated are supplied and separated during rotation of the drum, the separation mass into flat and body-shaped solids becomes.
  • Such devices are from the DE 93 06 556 U1 known in the art.
  • This document shows a trained as a perforated plate drum drum with a limited Aufschlag description, which should lie opposite the suction port of a suction hood.
  • an intake hood and an exhaust hood are pivotably arranged, the intake and exhaust openings pointing in the direction of the inner drum wall.
  • the drive unit is arranged with a geared motor axially to the drum axis. The pressure and suction lines are led to the inside of the drum volume at the fixed end face opposite the drive unit.
  • the drum volume of the above publication is divided into four virtual quadrants, in which funnel-shaped hoods are arranged in cross-section, one of which is designed as an intake hood and the other as an exhaust hood.
  • drum screens are mentioned, which have one or two fixed end walls. In one case it is discussed that there is only one fixed end wall. In this case, then the screen drum could be connected to the other end wall and fixedly driven. At the fixed end wall is then a Attached intermediate wall air duct, through which the air is sucked out of the discharge space and fed to the discharge space.
  • the publication DE 102 05 064 A1 discloses a drum whose volume is divided into three sections. Little details are revealed about the drum itself in terms of construction.
  • the device includes a sorting drum, which has openings on the lateral surface and the lateral surface is arranged axially slightly inclined.
  • the sorting drum is further rotatably supported and flanked from the outside by air intake nozzles, whereby the sorting material located in the drum is partially adhered to the inner drum wall and adheres to the inner drum wall until the sorting material has arrived at a vertex and then in the Sorting drum falls on a longitudinal conveyor belt, whereby a separation between flat and body-shaped waste parts is effected.
  • the fallen onto the conveying surface of the conveyor belt objects are then again singled out by different levels of blowing nozzles in different waste parts from the incoming flow.
  • Another separator for separating materials of different sizes is from the DE 43 35 401 C2 known.
  • This separation device has a rotating drum, the drum walls are equipped with openings through which materials can pass due to their size, which then recognize by control elements with sensors, the different materials and located on the outside of the drum air nozzles or plunger targeted for the removal of materials cause.
  • the devices and methods known from the prior art are generally relatively expensive both in manufacture and in operation and have problems with the required degree of separation.
  • sorting plants are known in the recycling sector for separating recyclable raw materials from input materials, which are incorporated into the material cycle again.
  • Known devices for separating the above-mentioned solids in processing plants are so-called NIR devices, classifiers, oblique graders, ballistic separators and manual sorting.
  • the device for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids and / or light and heavy solids consisting of a rotatable drum with openings in the shell of the drum, wherein the inner drum volume is divided into at least two subregions (D, E), wherein the one Partial area (D) negative pressure (p i ) and the other portion (E) overpressure or atmospheric pressure (p a ) and the two partial areas (D, E) are formed by at least one partition, characterized characterized in that the end faces of the drum is closed by end plates and at least one exhaust air and / or supply air opening is arranged on at least one end face; and the end panels are interconnected by means of at least one elongate pull rod; and the at least one partition wall is attached to at least one elongated pull rod; and the jacket of the drum is rotatably mounted, wherein the bearing is arranged on the circumference of the end face annularly in the region of the periphery of the drum circumference.
  • a basic idea is to provide a device for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids and / or light and heavy solids with a rotatable drum whose shell surface has openings and is characterized in that the inside of the drum volume has a negative pressure (p i ⁇ p a ). prevails, whereby at least partially planar solids is built up on the surface of the separation drum shell due to the suction through the openings in the drum shell and the adhering solids are mechanically and / or pneumatically separated, where p i is the pressure within the separation drum and p a is the atmospheric pressure.
  • the device according to the invention for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids and / or light and heavy solids from a mass flow with various properties can be placed as compact unit between supply and continuation of the sorted material (band transfer, ejection, sieve drum, ejection, hydroreses, ejection, ballistic separators, etc.). ).
  • An advantage of the present invention is that the apertures (A, A ', A ") in the lateral surface of the drum can take arbitrary forms.
  • the shapes of the apertures have a round, oval, star-shaped, cross-shaped, oblong, square, rectangular or a mixture of all the forms mentioned.
  • cross section transverse to the longitudinal axis of the drum is round, polygonal, preferably round.
  • the drum is rotatably mounted, wherein the bearing is arranged annularly in the region of the periphery of the drum circumference.
  • the division of the interior of the drum is formed by at least one partition.
  • Another advantage is that the at least one partition wall at the edge regions to the drum shell have seals which separate the two pressure ranges (positive pressure, negative pressure range) from each other.
  • At least one end face of the drum is closed and at least one end face has at least one exhaust air and / or supply air opening.
  • the at least one partition wall is attached to at least one tie rod which extends within the separation drum over the entire length of the drum.
  • At least one end face of the drum is fixed and does not rotate, wherein the end faces on the circumference have bearings which rotatably support the drum shell.
  • At least two collecting devices are arranged below the drum, which receive the separate conveyed.
  • the rotational speed of the drum shell is variably selectable, whereby a further sorting of the material flow is effected.
  • a ring gear for driving the drum is arranged on the jacket of the drum at a suitable location.
  • the exhaust port is connected to the exhaust duct of the blower and the supply air pipe is connected to the pressure line of the blower.
  • Another advantage is the distance between the drum shell and the conveyor is variably adjustable.
  • the Fig. 1 shows an isomerism of the device 1 according to the invention with a view of the connection piece for the exhaust air 5 and the supply air 6.
  • the separation drum 1 is formed from a drum shell and two end faces 8, 8 ', wherein the jacket of the separation drum 1 in the form of different openings
  • the drum shell is supported in the region of the end faces 8, 8 'by a bearing 4, which may be of annular design.
  • the separating drum 1 is seated on two bearings, which are configured in diameter such that the end faces 8, 8 'of the drum shell enough surface is available to guide the exhaust air or supply air by means of fixed supply and exhaust stub 5, 6 in the drum or lead out of the drum are connected to the blower, not shown here, wherein the supply air pipe 6 is connected to the pressure line of the blower and the exhaust pipe with the vacuum line of the blower otierenden end faces 8, 8 ', the areas in the drum 1 in a negative pressure range D (p i ⁇ p a ) and an overpressure or atmospheric pressure E (p i ⁇ p a ) can be divided.
  • the separation drum 1 is fixedly or adjustably mounted by means of two mounting brackets 7, 7 'at the end of a conveyor belt, not shown here. Further, the drum 1 is rotated by means of a drive 2 via a drive roller 12 in rotation. The drive 2 is fastened via a bracket 3 to the non-rotating end face 8 '. The drive roller 12 lies on the outer side of the drum shell of the separating drum 1 to be driven, whereby it can be set in rotation in two directions C. The complete unit is placed with the mounting brackets 7 on site. Depending on the application and intended use, the drum can also be driven with other, not shown here drive means, such as belt chain toothed drives.
  • the Fig. 2 shows a sectional view transverse to the drum axis 14.
  • the drum volume is divided in the present embodiment in two subregions D, E, wherein the subregion D is the negative pressure region in which the internal pressure p i is smaller than the outer Air pressure p a and in the other portion E of the pressure p i is greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure p a .
  • the partition consists in the present embodiment of two partitions 10, 10 ', which are attached to tie rods 11, 11'.
  • the tie rods 11, 11 ' extend over the entire length of the separating drum 1 and are fixed to the end faces 8, 8' of the drum 1.
  • the partitions 10, 10 ' have at their ends in the region of the inner drum wall seals 9, 9', which separate the negative pressure or the overpressure area within the drum from each other.
  • the bearings 4 have a diameter adapted to the geometrical conditions.
  • the Fig. 3 shows a front view of the Zu poverty- 6 and the exhaust port 5, which are arranged on the end face 8 of the drum 1.
  • the supply air nozzle 6 is smaller in diameter than the exhaust port 5 on the front page 8.
  • the surface of the face 8 must be selected so that the supply and exhaust air services are guaranteed for the individual sections within the separation drum 1 ,
  • the supply air pipe 6 is to be selected smaller in the present embodiment than the exhaust port 5, since the negative pressure volume is generally designed to be larger than the positive pressure volume.
  • the end face 8 is firmly connected to a mounting bracket 7, so that the separating drum 1 can be mounted in any position.
  • the drive roller 12 is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the separation drum 1, whereby due to the friction between the shell and the drive roller 12, the separation drum 1 is rotated.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a front view of the end face 8 '.
  • the sorting drum 1 is mounted on two mounting brackets 7, 7 'fixed or adjustable in the horizontal and vertical axis / direction, the console 7' on the front side 8 opposite end face 8 'is arranged.
  • the face plate of the front side 8 ' is fixedly connected to the console 7'.
  • the two end faces 8, 8 ' are in the present embodiment by two elongate tie rods 11, 11' connected to each other.
  • the at least one partition wall 10, 10 ' is fastened to the inside of the drum at the two tie rods.
  • the drum 1 is rotatably supported by a bearing 4 on the end faces 8, 8 '.
  • the drive 2 by means of a bracket 3, which is fixedly connected to the end plate 8, pivotally attached to the console.
  • the Fig. 5 shows a side view of the separation drum 1 according to the invention with the two bearings 4, 4 'at the end faces 8, 8'.
  • the rotation of the drum 1 is in the present Embodiment effected by friction of a rubber wheel 12 on the surface of the shell of the drum.
  • a gear wheel which engages in a ring gear 17 (symbolized by dashed lines) at a suitable location on the jacket of the drum 1.
  • the nozzles 5, 6 for the supply and exhaust air are arranged on the front side 8 and the drive 2 with the drive roller 12 on the opposite end face 8 'is arranged.
  • the Fig. 6 shows a plan view of the separation drum 1, wherein it can be seen that the weight ratios between the drive 2 and exhaust stub 5, 6 are approximately in equilibrium, which reduces the static and dynamic loads and increases the stability.
  • the Fig. 7 shows a system 15 for the separation of streams of material with different size distributions and dimensions of the individual pieces in the material flow.
  • the material flow falling from the conveyor belt 16 falls onto the separation drum 1 provided with apertures A, A ', A "which rotates in the direction of the arrow C.
  • the light or planar solid becomes By means of the apertures A, A ', A "sucked and held by the negative pressure in the portion D within the drum 1.
  • the solid is deposited at the desired location of the drum circumference In this area, the suction effect is reversed in a blowing effect or at normal pressure, the adhesion of the solids at the openings A, A ', A "of the drum is lost and thus separated from the separating drum.
  • the thus detected material is in an underlying collecting device, in the present embodiment, a hopper 17 on another conveyor belt 16 'o. deposited.
  • the distance F between the drum 1 and the conveyor 16 plays a certain role, which influences the degree of separation of the material flow.
  • the distance F between the drum 1 and the conveyor 16 is therefore dependent material flow adjustable.
  • the separated light and two-dimensional solids fall by centrifugal force and the support of the blowing effect to the desired position.
  • the body-shaped and heavy solids slip past the drum and fall by centrifugal force into an adjacent hopper 17 ', belt or similar conveyor.
  • the invention has many adjustment and execution options for improvement and adjusting the degree of separation of the solids.
  • the change in the peripheral speed and the suction and blowing effect in the drum can be adjusted or changed at any time without considerable effort.

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung befasst sich mit einer Vorrichtung und einem Verfahren zum Trennen von flächigen und körperförmigen Feststoffen, sowie leichten und schweren Feststoffen, insbesondere mit einer Trommel, der die zu trennenden Feststoffe zugeführt werden und bei Rotation der Trommel die Trennmasse in flächige und körperförmigen Feststoffe getrennt wird.The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for separating sheet and body solids, as well as light and heavy solids, in particular with a drum to which the solids to be separated are supplied and separated during rotation of the drum, the separation mass into flat and body-shaped solids becomes.

Derartige Vorrichtungen sind aus der DE 93 06 556 U1 im Stand der Technik bekannt. Diese Druckschrift zeigt eine als Lochblechtrommel ausgebildete Trommel mit einer begrenzten Auffallfläche, die gegenüber der Ansaugöffnung einer Ansaughaube liegen soll. Im Innern des Trommelvolumens ist verschwenkbar eine Ansaughaube und eine Ausblashaube angeordnet, deren Ansaug- und Ausblasöffnungen in Richtung der inneren Trommelwand weisen. Darüber hinaus ist im nächstliegenden Stand der Technik die Antriebseinheit mit einem Getriebemotor axial zur Trommelachse angeordnet. Die Druck - und Saugleitungen sind an der der Antriebseinheit gegenüber liegenden feststehenden Stirnseite in das Innere des Trommelvolumens geführt. Das Trommelvolumen der o.g. Druckschrift ist in vier virtuelle Quadranten aufgeteilt, in denen im Querschnitt trichterförmige Hauben angeordnet sind, von denen eine als Ansaughaube und die andere als Ausblashaube ausgebildet ist.Such devices are from the DE 93 06 556 U1 known in the art. This document shows a trained as a perforated plate drum drum with a limited Aufschlagfläche, which should lie opposite the suction port of a suction hood. In the interior of the drum volume, an intake hood and an exhaust hood are pivotably arranged, the intake and exhaust openings pointing in the direction of the inner drum wall. In addition, in the closest prior art, the drive unit is arranged with a geared motor axially to the drum axis. The pressure and suction lines are led to the inside of the drum volume at the fixed end face opposite the drive unit. The drum volume of the above publication is divided into four virtual quadrants, in which funnel-shaped hoods are arranged in cross-section, one of which is designed as an intake hood and the other as an exhaust hood.

In der Druckschrift DE 10 2006 045 042 A1 werden u. a. Trommelsiebe erwähnt, die eine oder zwei feste Stirnwände haben. In einem Fall wird diskutiert, dass nur eine feste Stirnwand vorhanden ist. In diesem Falle könnte dann die Siebtrommel mit der anderen Stirnwand verbunden und fest gelagert angetrieben werden. An der feststehenden Stirnwand ist dann ein Zwischenwandluftkanal befestigt, über den die Luft aus dem Abwurfraum abgesaugt und dem Abwurfraum zugeführt wird.In the publication DE 10 2006 045 042 A1 Among other things, drum screens are mentioned, which have one or two fixed end walls. In one case it is discussed that there is only one fixed end wall. In this case, then the screen drum could be connected to the other end wall and fixedly driven. At the fixed end wall is then a Attached intermediate wall air duct, through which the air is sucked out of the discharge space and fed to the discharge space.

Die Druckschrift DE 102 05 064 A1 offenbart eine Trommel, deren Volumen in drei Teilbereiche eingeteilt ist. Über die Trommel selbst im Hinblick auf die Konstruktion werden wenig Einzelheiten offenbart.The publication DE 102 05 064 A1 discloses a drum whose volume is divided into three sections. Little details are revealed about the drum itself in terms of construction.

Ferner ist im Stand der Technik die DE 37 26 808 A1 bekannt geworden. Dieser Druckschrift ist ein Verfahren mit einer Siebtrommel zu entnehmen, in die ein Saugrohr geführt wird, so das praktisch im gesamten Innenvolumen der Trommel ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird, infolge dessen flächige Teile auf der Oberfläche der Siebtrommel hängen bleiben. Diese Teile werden dann im unteren Bereich der Siebtrommel durch zwei Abstreifvorrichtungen von der Oberfläche der Siebtrommel abgestreift. Das Abstreifen der einzelnen Teile wird noch von einer weiteren Abdeckung unterstützt, die im Innern der Trommel eng an der Trommelwand angeordnet ist und endseitig mit jeweils einer Dichtkante versehen ist, so dass sich der Unterdruck im Innern der Siebtrommel über die Fläche der Abdeckung nicht auswirken kann, wodurch die Haftwirkung der einzelnen Teile verringert werden soll. Als nachteilig an diesem Verfahren und der entsprechenden Vorrichtung wird es empfunden, dass infolge der relativ schwachen Dichtwirkung der Enddichtungen die Haftwirkung auf der Oberfläche der Siebtrommel nicht vollständig aufgehoben wird und es somit zu Festsetzungen der flächigen Teile zwischen Siebtrommel und Abstreifvorrichtung kommen muss, wodurch die Betriebsfähigkeit der gesamten Anlage schließlich stark negativ beeinflusst wird. Ferner ist aus der DE 92 04 985.0 eine Vorrichtung zum Sortieren der wiederverwendbaren Wertstoffe von Kunststoff- und Verbundabfällen im dualen Entsorgungssystem zu entnehmen. Die Vorrichtung enthält eine Sortiertrommel, die an der Mantelfläche Durchbrüche aufweist und die Mantelfläche axial leicht geneigt angeordnet ist. Die Sortiertrommel ist ferner drehbar gelagert und wird von außen von Luftansaugdüsen flankiert, wodurch das in der Trommel befindliche Sortiergut teilweise an der inneren Trommelwand zum Haften gebracht wird und solange an der inneren Trommelwand haftet, bis das Sortiergut an einem Scheitelpunkt angekommen ist und dann in der Sortiertrommel auf ein Längsförderband herabfällt, wodurch eine Trennung zwischen flächigen und körperförmigen Abfallteilen bewirkt wird. Die auf die Förderfläche des Förderbandes herabgefallenen Gegenstände werden anschließend noch einmal durch unterschiedlich stark blasende Düsen in verschiedene Abfallteile aus dem ankommenden Förderstrom ausgesondert.Furthermore, in the prior art DE 37 26 808 A1 known. This document discloses a method with a screen drum, in which a suction tube is guided, so that a negative pressure is generated virtually in the entire inner volume of the drum, as a result of which flat parts get caught on the surface of the screen drum. These parts are then stripped in the lower part of the screen drum by two scrapers from the surface of the screen drum. The stripping of the individual parts is also supported by a further cover, which is arranged inside the drum close to the drum wall and is provided at each end with a sealing edge, so that the negative pressure inside the drum can not affect the surface of the cover , whereby the adhesion of the individual parts to be reduced. A disadvantage of this method and the corresponding device, it is felt that due to the relatively weak sealing effect of the end seals the adhesive effect on the surface of the drum is not completely repealed and thus it must come to fixing the flat parts between the drum and stripping, whereby the operability Finally, the entire system is strongly negatively affected. Furthermore, from the DE 92 04 985.0 to take a device for sorting the reusable recyclables of plastic and composite waste in the dual disposal system. The device includes a sorting drum, which has openings on the lateral surface and the lateral surface is arranged axially slightly inclined. The sorting drum is further rotatably supported and flanked from the outside by air intake nozzles, whereby the sorting material located in the drum is partially adhered to the inner drum wall and adheres to the inner drum wall until the sorting material has arrived at a vertex and then in the Sorting drum falls on a longitudinal conveyor belt, whereby a separation between flat and body-shaped waste parts is effected. The fallen onto the conveying surface of the conveyor belt objects are then again singled out by different levels of blowing nozzles in different waste parts from the incoming flow.

Eine weitere Trennvorrichtung zur Trennung von Materialien unterschiedlicher Größe ist aus der DE 43 35 401 C2 bekannt geworden. Diese Trennvorrichtung weist eine rotierende Trommel auf, deren Trommelwände mit Öffnungen ausgestattet sind, durch die aufgrund ihrer Größe Materialien hindurchtreten können, die anschließend durch Steuerorgane mit Sensoren die unterschiedlichen Materialien erkennen und die auf der Außenseite der Trommel befindlichen Luftdüsen oder Stößel gezielt zur Entfernung der Materialien veranlassen. Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt gewordenen Vorrichtungen und Verfahren sind im Allgemeinen sowohl in der Herstellung als auch im Betrieb verhältnismäßig kostenintensiv und haben Probleme mit dem geforderten Trenngrad. Weiterhin sind Sortieranlagen im Recyclingbereich zum Trennen von wiederverwertbaren Rohstoffen aus Inputmaterialien bekannt, welche in den Materialkreislauf wieder einfließen. Bekannte Vorrichtungen zum Trennen der oben genannten Feststoffe in Aufbereitungsanlagen sind sogenannte NIR-Geräte, Sichter, Schrägsortierer, Ballistikseparatoren sowie manuelle Sortierungen.Another separator for separating materials of different sizes is from the DE 43 35 401 C2 known. This separation device has a rotating drum, the drum walls are equipped with openings through which materials can pass due to their size, which then recognize by control elements with sensors, the different materials and located on the outside of the drum air nozzles or plunger targeted for the removal of materials cause. The devices and methods known from the prior art are generally relatively expensive both in manufacture and in operation and have problems with the required degree of separation. Furthermore, sorting plants are known in the recycling sector for separating recyclable raw materials from input materials, which are incorporated into the material cycle again. Known devices for separating the above-mentioned solids in processing plants are so-called NIR devices, classifiers, oblique graders, ballistic separators and manual sorting.

Alle bisher eingesetzten Systeme und Verfahren sind in der Anschaffung sehr kostenintensiv und haben Probleme sowohl mit dem notwendigen Trennungsgrad des Massenflusses, als auch mit der Betriebssicherheit. Auch ist es in den meisten Fällen nicht möglich, Ümcüstungen vorzunehmen, die sich nahtlos in das bestehende System einordnen.All previously used systems and methods are very expensive to purchase and have problems both with the necessary degree of separation of the mass flow, as well as with the reliability. Also, in most cases, it is not possible to make armor that fits seamlessly into the existing system.

Daher ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren bereitzustellen, das in der Lage ist, den Massestrom eines Schüttgutes in seine verschiedenen Bestandteile mit einer verhältnismäßig kleinen energiesparenden Vorrichtung zu trennen, die einfach und kostengünstig in der Konstruktion ist und der erzielte Trennungsgrad den Anforderungen der Abfallwirtschaft genügt.Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method capable of separating the mass flow of a bulk material into its various constituents with a relatively small energy-saving device that is simple and inexpensive to construct and the degree of separation achieved meets the requirements of waste management.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen der Hauptansprüche gelöst.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of the main claims.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Vorrichtung zum Trennen von flächigen und körperförmigen Feststoffen und/oder leichten und schweren Feststoffen, bestehend aus einer drehbaren Trommel mit Durchbrüchen im Mantel der Trommel, wobei das innere Trommelvolumen in mindestens zwei Teilbereiche (D, E) aufgeteilt ist, wobei der eine Teilbereich (D) Unterdruck (pi) und der andere Teilbereich (E) Überdruck oder Atmosphärendruck (pa) aufweist und die beiden Teilbereiche (D,E) durch mindestens eine Trennwand gebildet werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stirnflächen der Trommel durch Stirnbleche geschlossen ist und an mindestens einer Stirnfläche mindestens eine Abluft- und/oder Zuluftöffnung angeordnet ist; und die Stirnbleche mittels mindestens einer langgestreckten Zugstange miteinander verbunden sind; und die mindestens eine Trennwand an mindestens einer langgestreckten Zugstange befestigt ist; und der Mantel der Trommel drehbar gelagert ist, wobei die Lagerung am Umfang der Stirnfläche ringförmig im Bereich der Peripherie des Trommelumfangs angeordnet ist.According to the invention, the device for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids and / or light and heavy solids, consisting of a rotatable drum with openings in the shell of the drum, wherein the inner drum volume is divided into at least two subregions (D, E), wherein the one Partial area (D) negative pressure (p i ) and the other portion (E) overpressure or atmospheric pressure (p a ) and the two partial areas (D, E) are formed by at least one partition, characterized characterized in that the end faces of the drum is closed by end plates and at least one exhaust air and / or supply air opening is arranged on at least one end face; and the end panels are interconnected by means of at least one elongate pull rod; and the at least one partition wall is attached to at least one elongated pull rod; and the jacket of the drum is rotatably mounted, wherein the bearing is arranged on the circumference of the end face annularly in the region of the periphery of the drum circumference.

Das entsprechende erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Trennen von flächigen und körperförmigen Feststoffen mit einer Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 ist gekennzeichnet durch nachfolgende Verfahrensschritte:

  • Auswahl der Drehgeschwindigkeit des Trommelmantels in Abhängigkeit vom Materialstrom; und
  • Auswahl der Form und Größe der Durchbrüche (A, A', A") in Abhängigkeit vom Materialstrom; und
  • Auswahl des Abstands (F) zwischen dem Trommelmantel und der Fördereinrichtung in Abhängigkeit vom Materialstrom; und
  • Auswahl der Drücke (p p) in den Teilbereichen (D, E), sowie der Saug- und Blaswirkung in der Trommel.
The corresponding method according to the invention for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids with a device according to claim 1 is characterized by the following method steps:
  • Selection of the rotational speed of the drum shell as a function of the material flow; and
  • Selection of the shape and size of the apertures (A, A ', A ") depending on the material flow; and
  • Selection of the distance (F) between the drum shell and the conveyor depending on the material flow; and
  • Selection of the pressures (pp) in the subregions (D, E) as well as the suction and blowing effect in the drum.

Ein Grundgedanke liegt darin, eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen von flächigen und körperförmigen Feststoffen und/oder leichten und schweren Feststoffen mit einer drehbaren Trommel, deren Manteloberfläche Durchbrüche aufweisen und dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das im Innern des Trommelvolumens ein Unterdruck (pi < pa) herrscht, wodurch zumindest teilweise flächige Feststoffe an der Oberfläche des Trenntrommelmantels aufgrund der Saugwirkung mittels der Durchbrüche im Trommelmantel aufgebaut wird und die haftenden Feststoffe mechanisch und/oder pneumatisch abgetrennt werden, wobei pi der Druck innerhalb der Trenntrommel ist und pa der Atmosphärendruck ist.A basic idea is to provide a device for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids and / or light and heavy solids with a rotatable drum whose shell surface has openings and is characterized in that the inside of the drum volume has a negative pressure (p i <p a ). prevails, whereby at least partially planar solids is built up on the surface of the separation drum shell due to the suction through the openings in the drum shell and the adhering solids are mechanically and / or pneumatically separated, where p i is the pressure within the separation drum and p a is the atmospheric pressure.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Trennen von flächigen und körperförmigen Feststoffen und/oder leichten und schweren Feststoffen aus einem Massenstrom mit verschiedenen Eigenschaften ist als kompakte Baueinheit zwischen Zuführung und Fortführung des Sortierguts platzierbar (Bandübergabe, Auswurf, Siebtrommel, Auswurf, Hydrorinnen, Auswurf, Ballistikseparatoren usw.).The device according to the invention for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids and / or light and heavy solids from a mass flow with various properties can be placed as compact unit between supply and continuation of the sorted material (band transfer, ejection, sieve drum, ejection, hydroreses, ejection, ballistic separators, etc.). ).

Vorteilhaft bei der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, dass die Durchbrüche (A, A', A") in der Mantelfläche der Trommel beliebig wählbare Formen annehmen können.An advantage of the present invention is that the apertures (A, A ', A ") in the lateral surface of the drum can take arbitrary forms.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass die Formen der Durchbrüche rundförmig, ovalförmig, sternförmig, kreuzförmig, länglich, quadratisch, rechteckig oder eine Mischung aus allen genannten Formen aufweisen.Another advantage is that the shapes of the apertures have a round, oval, star-shaped, cross-shaped, oblong, square, rectangular or a mixture of all the forms mentioned.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass der Querschnitt quer zur Längsachse der Trommel rundlich, polygonförmig, vorzugsweise rund ist.Another advantage is that the cross section transverse to the longitudinal axis of the drum is round, polygonal, preferably round.

Vorteilhaft ist es auch, dass die Trommel drehbar gelagert ist, wobei die Lagerung ringförmig im Bereich der Peripherie des Trommelumfangs angeordnet ist.It is also advantageous that the drum is rotatably mounted, wherein the bearing is arranged annularly in the region of the periphery of the drum circumference.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass die Aufteilung des Innenraums der Trommel durch mindestens eine Trennwand gebildet wird.It is also advantageous that the division of the interior of the drum is formed by at least one partition.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass die mindestens eine Trennwand an den Randbereichen zum Trommelmantel Dichtungen aufweisen, welche die beiden Druckbereiche (Überdruck-, Unterdruckbereich) voneinander trennen.Another advantage is that the at least one partition wall at the edge regions to the drum shell have seals which separate the two pressure ranges (positive pressure, negative pressure range) from each other.

Vorteilhaft ist es auch, dass mindestens eine Stirnfläche der Trommel geschlossen ist und mindestens eine Stirnfläche mindestens eine Abluft- und/oder Zuluftöffnung aufweist.It is also advantageous that at least one end face of the drum is closed and at least one end face has at least one exhaust air and / or supply air opening.

Die mindestens eine Trennwand ist an mindestens einer Zugstange, die sich innerhalb der Trenntrommel über die gesamte Länge der Trommel erstreckt, befestigt.The at least one partition wall is attached to at least one tie rod which extends within the separation drum over the entire length of the drum.

Weiterhin steht mindestens eine Stirnfläche der Trommel fest und rotiert nicht, wobei die Stirnflächen am Umfang Lagerungen aufweisen, die den Trommelmantel drehbar lagern.Furthermore, at least one end face of the drum is fixed and does not rotate, wherein the end faces on the circumference have bearings which rotatably support the drum shell.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass unterhalb der Trommel mindestens zwei Auffangvorrichtungen angeordnet sind, die das getrennte Fördergut aufnehmen.It is also advantageous that at least two collecting devices are arranged below the drum, which receive the separate conveyed.

Vorteilhaft für das Verfahren ist es auch, dass die Drehgeschwindigkeit des Trommelmantels variabel wählbar ist, wodurch ein weiteres Sortieren des Materialstroms bewirkt wird.It is also advantageous for the method that the rotational speed of the drum shell is variably selectable, whereby a further sorting of the material flow is effected.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, das am Mantel der Trommel an geeigneter Stelle ein Zahnkranz zum Antrieb der Trommel angeordnet ist.It is also advantageous that a ring gear for driving the drum is arranged on the jacket of the drum at a suitable location.

Vorteilhaft ist es auch, dass der Abluftstutzen mit dem Abluftkanal des Gebläses verbunden ist und der Zuluftstutzen mit der Druckleitung des Gebläses verbunden ist.It is also advantageous that the exhaust port is connected to the exhaust duct of the blower and the supply air pipe is connected to the pressure line of the blower.

Vorteilhaft ist es weiterhin, dass die Drücke in den Teilbereichen (D, E) Variabel einstellbar sind.It is also advantageous that the pressures in the subregions (D, E) are variably adjustable.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht der Abstand zwischen dem Trommelmantel und der Fördereinrichtung variabel einstellbar ist.Another advantage is the distance between the drum shell and the conveyor is variably adjustable.

Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale sind den Unteransprüchen und der Detailbeschreibung zu entnehmen.Further advantageous features can be found in the dependent claims and the detailed description.

Im nun Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen im Einzelnen näher erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1:
eine Isomerie der erfindungsgemäßen Trenntrommel (1) mit Ansicht auf die Anschluss-Stutzen der Zu- und Abluft (5, 6) und den Antrieb (2);
Fig.2
eine Schnittdarstellung quer zur Längsachse Trenntrommel (1);
Fig.3
eine Vorderansicht auf die Zu- und Abluftstutzen (5, 6) in einer Stirnfläche (8);
Fig.4
eine Vorderansicht auf die Stirnfläche (8') der Antriebsseite;
Fig.5
eine Seitenansicht der Trenntrommel (1) mit Stutzen (5, 6) und Antrieb (2,12);
Fig.6
eine Draufsicht auf die Trenntrommel (1) mit Stutzen (5, 6) und Antrieb (2,12);
Fig.7
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines möglichen Einsatzfalles der erfindungsgemäßen Trenntrommel (1) in einem System mit Bandzuführung (16);
In the following, the invention will be explained in detail with reference to drawings. It shows
Fig. 1:
an isomerism of the separation drum (1) according to the invention with a view of the connection stubs of the supply and exhaust air (5, 6) and the drive (2);
Fig.2
a sectional view transverse to the longitudinal axis separating drum (1);
Figure 3
a front view of the supply and exhaust nozzles (5, 6) in an end face (8);
Figure 4
a front view of the end face (8 ') of the drive side;
Figure 5
a side view of the separating drum (1) with nozzle (5, 6) and drive (2,12);
Figure 6
a plan view of the separating drum (1) with nozzle (5, 6) and Drive (2,12);
Figure 7
a perspective view of a possible application of the separation drum (1) according to the invention in a system with tape feed (16);

Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine Isomerie der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 mit Ansicht auf die Anschluss-Stutzen für die Abluft 5 und die Zuluft 6. Die Trenntrommel 1 wird aus einem Trommelmantel und zwei Stirnflächen 8, 8' gebildet, wobei der Mantel der Trenntrommel 1 in der Form unterschiedliche Durchbrüche A, A', A" aufweist. Der Trommelmantel wird im Bereich der Stirnflächen 8, 8' durch eine Lagerung 4 getragen, die ringförmig ausgebildet sein kann. Die Trenntrommel 1 sitzt demgemäß auf zwei Lagern, welche im Durchmesser so ausgestaltet sind, dass an den Stirnseiten 8, 8' des Trommelmantels genug Fläche vorhanden ist, um die Abluft bzw. Zuluft mittels feststehender Zu- und Abluft-Stutzen 5, 6 in die Trommel zu leiten bzw. aus der Trommel herauszuführen. Die Zu- und Abluftstutzen 5. 6 sind mit dem hier nicht gezeigten Gebläse verbunden, wobei der Zuluftstutzen 6 mit der Druckleitung des Gebläses und der Abluftstutzen mit der Unterdruckleitung des Gebläses verbunden ist. Durch die nicht rotierenden Stirnflächen 8, 8' können die Bereiche in der Trommel 1 in einen Unterdruckbereich D (pi < pa) und einen Überdruck- bzw. Atmosphärendruck E (pi ≥ pa) aufgeteilt werden. Mit dem Stutzen 5 wird Luft aus dem Unterdruckbereich D abgesaugt und durch den Stutzen 6 wird Luft in die Trommel 1 des Überdruckbereichs E eingeblasen. Die Trenntrommel 1 wird mittels zweier Montagekonsolen 7, 7' am Ende eines hier nicht gezeigten Förderbandes fest oder verstellbar montiert. Ferner wird die Trommel 1 mittels eines Antriebs 2 über eine Antriebsrolle 12 in Drehung versetzt. Der Antrieb 2 wird über eine Konsole 3 an der nicht rotierenden Stirnseite 8' befestigt. Die Antriebsrolle 12 liegt auf der äußeren Seite des Trommelmantels der anzutreibenden Trenntrommel 1, wodurch sie in Rotation in zwei Richtungen C versetzt werden kann. Die komplette Einheit wird mit den Montagekonsolen 7 am Einsatzort platziert. Je nach Einsatzfall und Verwendungszweck kann die Trommel auch mit anderen, hier nicht gezeigten Antriebsmitteln, z.B. Riemen- Ketten- Zahntriebe angetrieben werden.The Fig. 1 shows an isomerism of the device 1 according to the invention with a view of the connection piece for the exhaust air 5 and the supply air 6. The separation drum 1 is formed from a drum shell and two end faces 8, 8 ', wherein the jacket of the separation drum 1 in the form of different openings The drum shell is supported in the region of the end faces 8, 8 'by a bearing 4, which may be of annular design. Accordingly, the separating drum 1 is seated on two bearings, which are configured in diameter such that the end faces 8, 8 'of the drum shell enough surface is available to guide the exhaust air or supply air by means of fixed supply and exhaust stub 5, 6 in the drum or lead out of the drum are connected to the blower, not shown here, wherein the supply air pipe 6 is connected to the pressure line of the blower and the exhaust pipe with the vacuum line of the blower otierenden end faces 8, 8 ', the areas in the drum 1 in a negative pressure range D (p i <p a ) and an overpressure or atmospheric pressure E (p i ≥ p a ) can be divided. With the nozzle 5, air is sucked from the negative pressure region D and through the nozzle 6 air is blown into the drum 1 of the overpressure region E. The separation drum 1 is fixedly or adjustably mounted by means of two mounting brackets 7, 7 'at the end of a conveyor belt, not shown here. Further, the drum 1 is rotated by means of a drive 2 via a drive roller 12 in rotation. The drive 2 is fastened via a bracket 3 to the non-rotating end face 8 '. The drive roller 12 lies on the outer side of the drum shell of the separating drum 1 to be driven, whereby it can be set in rotation in two directions C. The complete unit is placed with the mounting brackets 7 on site. Depending on the application and intended use, the drum can also be driven with other, not shown here drive means, such as belt chain toothed drives.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung quer zur Trommelachse 14. Das Trommelvolumen ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel in zwei Teilbereiche D, E aufgeteilt, wobei der Teilbereich D der Unterdruckbereich ist, in dem der innere Druck pi kleiner ist als der äußere Luftdruck pa und im anderen Teilbereich E der Druck pi größer oder gleich dem Atmosphärendruck pa ist. Die Trennwand besteht im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel aus zwei Teiltrennwänden 10, 10', die an Zugstangen 11, 11' befestigt sind. Die Zugstangen 11, 11' erstrecken sich über die gesamte Länge der Trenntrommel 1 und sind an den Stirnflächen 8, 8' der Trommel 1 befestigt. Die Trennwände 10, 10' weisen an ihren Enden im Bereich der inneren Trommelwand Dichtungen 9, 9' auf, die den Unterdruck- bzw. den Überdruckbereich innerhalb der Trommel voneinander trennen. Die Lagerungen 4 haben einen den geometrischen Verhältnissen angepassten Durchmesser.The Fig. 2 shows a sectional view transverse to the drum axis 14. The drum volume is divided in the present embodiment in two subregions D, E, wherein the subregion D is the negative pressure region in which the internal pressure p i is smaller than the outer Air pressure p a and in the other portion E of the pressure p i is greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure p a . The partition consists in the present embodiment of two partitions 10, 10 ', which are attached to tie rods 11, 11'. The tie rods 11, 11 'extend over the entire length of the separating drum 1 and are fixed to the end faces 8, 8' of the drum 1. The partitions 10, 10 'have at their ends in the region of the inner drum wall seals 9, 9', which separate the negative pressure or the overpressure area within the drum from each other. The bearings 4 have a diameter adapted to the geometrical conditions.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine Vorderansicht auf den Zuluft- 6 und den Abluft-Stutzen 5, die an der Stirnseite 8 der Trommel 1 angeordnet sind. Im hier vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Zuluft-Stutzen 6 im Durchmesser kleiner als der Abluft-Stutzen 5 an der Stirnseite 8. Die Fläche der Stirnseite 8 muss so gewählt werden, dass die Zu- und Abluftleistungen für die einzelnen Teilbereiche innerhalb der Trenntrommel 1 gewährleistet sind. Dabei ist der Zuluft-Stutzen 6 im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel kleiner zu wählen als der Abluft-Stutzen 5, da das Unterdruckvolumen im Allgemeinen größer auszulegen ist als das Überdruckvolumen. Die Stirnseite 8 ist mit einer Montagekonsole 7 fest verbunden, so dass die Trenntrommel 1 in beliebige Positionen montiert werden kann. Die Antriebsrolle 12 steht in engem Kontakt mit der äußeren Mantelfläche der Trenntrommel 1, wodurch aufgrund der Reibung zwischen Mantel und Antriebsrolle 12 die Trenntrommel 1 gedreht wird.The Fig. 3 shows a front view of the Zuluft- 6 and the exhaust port 5, which are arranged on the end face 8 of the drum 1. In the present embodiment, the supply air nozzle 6 is smaller in diameter than the exhaust port 5 on the front page 8. The surface of the face 8 must be selected so that the supply and exhaust air services are guaranteed for the individual sections within the separation drum 1 , In this case, the supply air pipe 6 is to be selected smaller in the present embodiment than the exhaust port 5, since the negative pressure volume is generally designed to be larger than the positive pressure volume. The end face 8 is firmly connected to a mounting bracket 7, so that the separating drum 1 can be mounted in any position. The drive roller 12 is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the separation drum 1, whereby due to the friction between the shell and the drive roller 12, the separation drum 1 is rotated.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt eine Vorderansicht auf die Stirnfläche 8'. Die Sortiertrommel 1 ist auf zwei Montagekonsolen 7, 7' ortsfest oder verstellbar in horizontaler und vertikaler Achse/Richtung aufmontiert, wobei die Konsole 7' auf der der Stirnseite 8 gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite 8' angeordnet ist. Das Stirnblech der Stirnseite 8' ist mit der Konsole 7' fest verbunden. Die beiden Stirnflächen 8, 8' sind im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel durch zwei langgestreckte Zugstangen 11, 11' miteinander verbunden. An den beiden Zugstangen ist darüber hinaus die mindestens eine Trennwand 10, 10' im Innern der Trommel befestigt. Die Trommel 1 ist durch eine Lagerung 4 drehbar an den Stirnseiten 8, 8' gelagert. Ferner ist der Antrieb 2 mittels einer Konsole 3, die fest mit dem Stirnblech 8 verbunden ist, an der Konsole schwenkbar befestigt.The Fig. 4 shows a front view of the end face 8 '. The sorting drum 1 is mounted on two mounting brackets 7, 7 'fixed or adjustable in the horizontal and vertical axis / direction, the console 7' on the front side 8 opposite end face 8 'is arranged. The face plate of the front side 8 'is fixedly connected to the console 7'. The two end faces 8, 8 'are in the present embodiment by two elongate tie rods 11, 11' connected to each other. In addition, the at least one partition wall 10, 10 'is fastened to the inside of the drum at the two tie rods. The drum 1 is rotatably supported by a bearing 4 on the end faces 8, 8 '. Further, the drive 2 by means of a bracket 3, which is fixedly connected to the end plate 8, pivotally attached to the console.

Die Fig. 5 zeigt eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Trenntrommel 1 mit den beiden Lagerungen 4, 4' an den Stirnflächen 8, 8'. Die Rotation der Trommel 1 wird im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel durch Reibung eines Gummirades 12 auf der Oberfläche des Mantels der Trommel bewirkt. Ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel weist anstelle des Gummirades 12 ein Zahnrad auf, das in einen Zahnkranz 17 (gestrichelt symbolisiert) an geeigneter Stelle am Mantel der Trommel 1 eingreift. Die Stutzen 5, 6 für die Zu- und Abluft sind an der Stirnseite 8 angeordnet und der Antrieb 2 mit der Antriebsrolle 12 an der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite 8' angeordnet.The Fig. 5 shows a side view of the separation drum 1 according to the invention with the two bearings 4, 4 'at the end faces 8, 8'. The rotation of the drum 1 is in the present Embodiment effected by friction of a rubber wheel 12 on the surface of the shell of the drum. Another embodiment, instead of the rubber wheel 12, a gear wheel which engages in a ring gear 17 (symbolized by dashed lines) at a suitable location on the jacket of the drum 1. The nozzles 5, 6 for the supply and exhaust air are arranged on the front side 8 and the drive 2 with the drive roller 12 on the opposite end face 8 'is arranged.

Die Fig. 6 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf die Trenntrommel 1, wobei ersichtlich ist, dass die Gewichtsverhältnisse zwischen Antrieb 2 und Abluft-Stutzen 5, 6 etwa im Gleichgewicht stehen, was die statischen und dynamischen Belastungen mindert und die Stabilität erhöht.The Fig. 6 shows a plan view of the separation drum 1, wherein it can be seen that the weight ratios between the drive 2 and exhaust stub 5, 6 are approximately in equilibrium, which reduces the static and dynamic loads and increases the stability.

Die Fig. 7 zeigt ein System 15 zur Trennung von Materialströmen mit unterschiedlichen Größenverteilungen und Ausdehnungen der einzelnen Stücke im Materialstrom. Der von dein Förderband 16 herabfallende Materialstrom fällt auf die mit Durchbrüchen A, A', A" versehene Trenntrommel 1, die in Richtung des Pfeils C rotiert. Der leichte bzw. flächige Feststoff wird
mittels der Durchbrüche A, A', A" durch den Unterdruck im Teilbereich D innerhalb der Trommel 1 angesaugt und festgehalten. Durch die Anordnung eines Überdruck- bzw. Normaldruckbereiches E in der Trommel 1 wird der Feststoff an der gewünschten Stelle des Trommelumfangs abgeschieden, da in diesem Bereich die Saugwirkung in eine Blaswirkung umgekehrt wird oder bei Normaldruck die Haftwirkung der Feststoffe an den Durchbrüchen A, A', A" der Trommel verloren geht und damit von der Trenntrommel abgetrennt werden. Das dadurch erfasste Material wird in eine darunter liegende Auffangvorrichtung, im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ein Trichter 17 auf ein weiteres Förderband 16' o.ä. abgeschieden. Dabei spielt der Abstand F zwischen der Trommel 1 und der Fördereinrichtung 16 eine gewisse Rolle, der den Trennungsgrad des Materialstromes mit beeinflusst. Der Abstand F zwischen der Trommel 1 und der Fördereinrichtung 16 ist daher Materialstrom abhängig einstellbar. Die abgeschiedenen leichten und flächigen Feststoffe fallen durch Fliehkraft und der Unterstützung der Blaswirkung an die gewünschte Position. Die körperförmigen und schweren Feststoffe rutschen an der Trommel vorbei und fallen durch die Fliehkraft in einen danebenliegenden Trichter 17', Band oder ähnliche Fördereinrichtung.The Fig. 7 shows a system 15 for the separation of streams of material with different size distributions and dimensions of the individual pieces in the material flow. The material flow falling from the conveyor belt 16 falls onto the separation drum 1 provided with apertures A, A ', A "which rotates in the direction of the arrow C. The light or planar solid becomes
By means of the apertures A, A ', A "sucked and held by the negative pressure in the portion D within the drum 1. By the arrangement of an overpressure or normal pressure range E in the drum 1, the solid is deposited at the desired location of the drum circumference In this area, the suction effect is reversed in a blowing effect or at normal pressure, the adhesion of the solids at the openings A, A ', A "of the drum is lost and thus separated from the separating drum. The thus detected material is in an underlying collecting device, in the present embodiment, a hopper 17 on another conveyor belt 16 'o. deposited. The distance F between the drum 1 and the conveyor 16 plays a certain role, which influences the degree of separation of the material flow. The distance F between the drum 1 and the conveyor 16 is therefore dependent material flow adjustable. The separated light and two-dimensional solids fall by centrifugal force and the support of the blowing effect to the desired position. The body-shaped and heavy solids slip past the drum and fall by centrifugal force into an adjacent hopper 17 ', belt or similar conveyor.

Die Erfindung hat sehr viele Einstell- und Ausführungsmöglichkeiten zur Verbesserung und Anpassung des Trenngrades der Feststoffe. Die Änderung der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit sowie der Saug- und Blaswirkung in der Trommel kann jederzeit ohne erheblichen Aufwand eingestellt bzw. geändert werden. Der Durchmesser und die Position der Trommel sowie die Öffnungs- bzw. Lochgröße ändern das Trennergebnis deutlich und wird an die jeweils zugeführten Feststoff Massenströme in Art und Menge angepasst.The invention has many adjustment and execution options for improvement and adjusting the degree of separation of the solids. The change in the peripheral speed and the suction and blowing effect in the drum can be adjusted or changed at any time without considerable effort. The diameter and the position of the drum as well as the opening or hole size change the separation result significantly and are adapted to the respectively supplied solid mass flows in kind and quantity.

Claims (12)

  1. A device (1) for separating planar and three-dimensional solids and / or light and heavy solids, consisting of a rotatable drum (1) with apertures (A, A', A'') in the casing of the drum (1), wherein the internal drum volume is divided into at least two sub-areas (D, E), wherein the one portion (D) under pressure (pi) and the other part region (E) over-pressure or atmospheric pressure (pa) and the two partial regions (D, E) by at least one partition (10, 10 ') are formed, characterized in that
    - the end faces (8, 8') of the drum (1) are closed by end plates and at least one end face (8) shows at least one exhaust air and / or air inlet opening (5, 6); and
    - the end plates by means of at least one elongated rod (11, 11 ') are connected to each other; and
    - at least one partition (10, 10') is secured on at least one elongated rod (11, 11'); and
    - the shell of the drum (1) is rotatably mounted, wherein the bearing (4) on the circumference of the end face (8, 8') is arranged in a ring in the region of the periphery of the drum circumference.
  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance (F) between the drum (1) and a conveyor (16) in dependence on the material flow is adjustable.
  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the partitions (10, 10') at the edge regions to the drum casing shows seals (9, 9').
  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the apertures (A, A', A") in the lateral surface of the drum (1) may assume any selected shapes whose size is freely selectable, wherein the shapes of the apertures (A, A', A") are round, oval, star-shaped, cross-shaped, oblong, square, rectangular, or a mixture of all forms.
  5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the drum (1) round, polygonal, preferably round.
  6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratios between drive (2) and exhaust and air inlet (5, 6) are in equilibrium about.
  7. The Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one end face (8, 8') of the drum (1) is fixed and does not rotate.
  8. The Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressures in the partions (D, E) are adjustable variable.
  9. The Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that arranged underneath the drum (1) at least two collecting devices (12, 12 ') are mounted.
  10. The Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drum (1) at a suitable location (17) has a ring gear on the casing, effecting the rotation of the drum.
  11. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air vent (5) is connected to the exhaust air duct of the fan and the air inlet pipe (6) is connected to the pressure line of the blower, wherein the suction on air vent (5) is approximately equal to the air power at the air inlet (6).
  12. A method for separating planar and three-dimensional solids with a device according to claim 1, characterized by the following process steps:
    - Select the rotational speed of the drum shell depending on the material flow; and
    - Selection of the shape and size of the apertures (A, A', A") depending on the material flow; and
    - Selection of the distance (F) between the drum shell and the conveyor (16) depending on the material flow; and
    - Selection of pressures (pp) in the partial regions (D, E), as well as the suction and blowing action in the drum (1).
EP09763826.6A 2009-08-26 2009-10-23 Device and method for separating planar and three-dimensional solids Active EP2461916B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200920011601 DE202009011601U1 (en) 2009-08-26 2009-08-26 Device for separating sheet-like and body-shaped solids
DE200910035930 DE102009035930A1 (en) 2009-09-03 2009-09-03 Rotatable drum for e.g. separating planar and three-dimensional solids, has openings, where inner volume of drum is divided in to partial region comprising lower pressure and another partial region comprising over pressure
PCT/DE2009/001493 WO2011015165A1 (en) 2009-08-04 2009-10-23 Device and method for separating planar and three-dimensional solids

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EP2461916A1 EP2461916A1 (en) 2012-06-13
EP2461916B1 true EP2461916B1 (en) 2015-04-08

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DE8718045U1 (en) * 1987-08-12 1993-01-14 Paal's Packpressen-Fabrik GmbH & Co KG, 4504 Georgsmarienhütte Waste sorting device
DE9306556U1 (en) * 1993-04-30 1993-10-07 Höma Maschinenbau GmbH & Co. KG, 48477 Hörstel Device for separating objects
DE9415023U1 (en) * 1994-09-15 1996-01-25 Industriebau in Mölln GmbH, 23879 Mölln Device for separating bulk particles
DE10205064A1 (en) * 2002-02-07 2003-08-21 Cft Gmbh Separator of light constituents, in particular, for building rubble comprises a fall shaft which is located between a feeder unit and a separating drum, and is provided with air flow opposite to the falling material
DE102006045042A1 (en) * 2006-09-25 2008-04-03 Schnorr, Karl-Ernst, Dipl.-Ing. Method for processing refuse material to provide useful material as fuel, removes non-combustible material as a result of higher specific weight via route for separation

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DE112009005170A5 (en) 2012-09-20
EP2461916A1 (en) 2012-06-13
WO2011015165A1 (en) 2011-02-10

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