WO2010149608A2 - Batterie dotée d'un conducteur de chaleur pour électrodes permettant un équilibrage de température - Google Patents

Batterie dotée d'un conducteur de chaleur pour électrodes permettant un équilibrage de température Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010149608A2
WO2010149608A2 PCT/EP2010/058711 EP2010058711W WO2010149608A2 WO 2010149608 A2 WO2010149608 A2 WO 2010149608A2 EP 2010058711 W EP2010058711 W EP 2010058711W WO 2010149608 A2 WO2010149608 A2 WO 2010149608A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
electrode
battery cell
housing
cell according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/058711
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010149608A3 (fr
Inventor
Christian Pankiewitz
Sylvain Guenon
Original Assignee
Sb Limotive Company Ltd.
Sb Limotive Germany Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sb Limotive Company Ltd., Sb Limotive Germany Gmbh filed Critical Sb Limotive Company Ltd.
Publication of WO2010149608A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010149608A2/fr
Publication of WO2010149608A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010149608A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
    • H01M50/51—Connection only in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/654—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6553—Terminals or leads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the temperature control of the cell nucleus is realized by means of external temperature management systems, which include a heat flow from the housing surface of a cell to a heat exchanger.
  • external temperature management systems which include a heat flow from the housing surface of a cell to a heat exchanger.
  • the heat In order to avoid temperature gradients within the cell, in particular within the cell nucleus, the heat must be able to be conducted as free of resistance as possible between the housing, which is easily accessible for temperature control, and the temperature-sensitive and heat-producing cell nucleus. This has so far been insufficiently resolved.
  • the roll is formed mainly of three different thin layers wound around an axis and surrounded in the housing with liquid electrolyte.
  • the anode for example made of copper
  • the cathode made of aluminum, for example
  • the separator which forms the third layer has both electrical and thermal insulation effects.
  • the anode layer and the cathode layer are combined at respective opposite, axial ends of the coil of the cell into an electrode, the anode or the cathode, and then with the Cell poles connected, the anode is connected to the negative cell pole and the cathode to the positive cell pole.
  • the housing can be connected to one of the electrodes, one then speaks of a floating housing.
  • the housing can also be electrically isolated from the two electrodes and then has no electrical potential itself.
  • the main heat conduction path between the cell core (winding) and the housing does not extend axially over the base surfaces of the coil but radially over the side surfaces of the roll. This has significant effects on the temperature distribution in the winding. Due to the different characteristics of the various wound layers, especially the poor heat conducting properties of the separator layer, the winding conducts the heat relatively poorly in the radial direction, the direction of the main heat conduction path. As a result, large temperature gradients can occur in the cell nucleus.
  • the battery cell according to the invention is preferably a lithium-ion battery cell or a lithium-ion polymer battery cell.
  • the main heat conduction path is changed and no longer leads radially out of the winding, but extends axially along the winding axis out of the core.
  • There are no longer intermittent sections with good thermal conductivity (cathode and anode layers) and sections with poor thermal conductivity (separator layer) must be overcome in total reduces the thermal resistance of the winding inside to the housing and a temperature control by means of an external heat exchanger can take place faster and more efficient.
  • the resulting reorientation of the main heat conduction path in the axial direction of the coil results in a significant reduction of the temperature gradients in the cell nucleus due to the good thermal conductivity in this direction.
  • the battery cell according to the invention comprises a housing.
  • the housing can have a variety of shapes and designs.
  • the housing may be prismatic. No unusual requirements are placed on the housing, so that housings can be used made of materials that have already been used in the prior art as materials for battery cell housing.
  • the housing comprises or consists of aluminum.
  • the battery cell according to the invention has at least one electrode heat conductor arranged in the housing, which is connected directly to one of the two electrodes in a heat-conducting manner.
  • the electrode heat conductor is such that via the electrode heat conductor heat, which is passed from the electrode from the winding, can be effectively passed to a heat exchanger located outside the housing.
  • the electrode heat conductor may be designed such that it has a heat-conducting resistance which is not higher than the thermal resistance of the electrode connected to the electrode heat conductor.
  • the at least one electrode heat conductor can contain or be made of a material which has a thermal conductivity that corresponds at least to the thermal conductivity of the electrode connected to the electrode heat conductor.
  • the electrode heat conductor preferably consists of the same material as the electrode to which it is connected. Particularly preferably, the at least one electrode heat conductor may comprise or consist of aluminum.
  • the at least one electrode heat conductor is connected to one of the electrodes of the battery cell at a first end.
  • a battery cell with potential-charged housing of the electrode heat conductor is usually connected to the cathode.
  • the at least one electrode heat conductor can be connected to either the cathode or the anode.
  • the battery cell according to the invention can also have a plurality of electrode heat conductors, wherein both an electrode can be connected to more than one electrode heat conductor, and both electrodes can each be independently connected to one or more Elektrodenzieleiter.
  • Battery cell electrode heat conductor existing which are available for the transmission of heat from the electrode heat conductors in the direction of the heat exchanger.
  • the electrode heat conductors are designed such that at least 50% of the heat derived from the cell nucleus can be fed to the heat exchanger via the resulting heat-conducting surface.
  • the heat-conducting surface can cover at least 5% and at most 50% of the inner surface of the housing directly or indirectly and / or form at least 5% and at most 50% of the housing wall.
  • the at least one electrode heat conductor can be in direct contact with the heat exchanger via the heat-conducting surface.
  • the housing may be shaped such that in the region of the contact between the electrode heat conductor and the heat exchanger, the heat-conducting surface replaces the housing wall.
  • the transfer of heat energy from the electrode heat conductor in the heat storage can be done indirectly, wherein between the heat conduction and heat exchanger several, preferably thermally conductive layers may be present.
  • these additional layers may comprise or consist of the housing wall and / or an electrical insulating layer.
  • the housing of the battery cell according to the invention be designed to be potential neutral or are both electrodes, both the anode and the cathode, each independently connected to at least one Elektrodenzieleiter, it is necessary that between diceleitization the electrode heat conductor and housing wall an insulating layer is present, although is electrically insulating, but which is sufficiently thermally conductive to ensure heat transfer between the electrode heat conductor and heat exchanger.
  • the insulating layer may contain or consist of a material which has a thermal conductivity which corresponds at least to the thermal conductivity of the at least one electrode heat conductor.
  • the battery cell according to the invention is connected to a heat exchanger arranged outside the housing in such a way that a transfer of heat from the at least one electrode heat conductor to the heat exchanger is possible.
  • No special requirements are made on the heat exchanger for the purposes of the invention, so that in principle any known heat exchanger can be used, provided that the heat exchanger has a capacity which is large enough to absorb the expected waste heat quantity of the relevant battery cell according to the invention.
  • a battery cell according to the invention is connected to one or more heat exchangers.
  • one or more battery cells according to the invention to be connected to a heat exchanger in a heat-conducting manner.
  • active heat exchangers are used, which are operated with a coolant or refrigerant. It is also possible to use latent heat storage as a heat exchanger.
  • the present invention also relates to a battery containing one or more battery cells according to the invention.
  • the battery has a plurality of series-connected battery cells of the same type.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a battery cell with a temperature control according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of a battery cell according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of a second embodiment of a battery cell according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional representation of a third embodiment of a battery cell according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows, in a schematic sectional view in FIG. 5A, B, C, D, E, F, five different profiles of electrode heat conductors according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a prismatic battery cell of the prior art, in which the main heat conduction path runs radially to the winding axis.
  • the battery cell has a housing 1 in which a winding 3 is arranged.
  • the coil 3 comprises three layers, an anode layer, a separator layer and a cathode layer, which are wound together about an axis of the coil 3.
  • the battery cell On the outside of the housing 1, the battery cell on langeleitbleche 2, which receive the radially derived from the winding and delivered to the exterior of the housing heat and can conduct to a outside of the battery cell mounted active heat exchanger 4 on.
  • Parallel to the winding axis of the coil 3, a cutting plane 5 extends through the battery cell.
  • the known battery cell according to the sectional plane 5 is shown.
  • the anode layer 6 is combined at one axial end of the coil 3 to form an electrode 7, the anode, and is connected to a negative cell pole 8.
  • the cathode layer 9 is at the opposite axial end of the coil 3 to a E- lektrode 10, the cathode, summarized and connected to a positive cell pole 1 1.
  • the heat transfer from the winding 3 to the active heat exchanger 4 is indicated by arrows. It becomes clear that in this type of heat conduction, the heat must occur over many layer boundaries of the coil 3.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic section through a first embodiment of a battery cell according to the invention.
  • the structure of the embodiment essentially follows the structure of the previously shown in FIG. 1 described above, in particular the differences between the battery cell of FIG. 1 and the battery cell of FIG. 2 is received.
  • the in FIG. 2A and 2B illustrated battery cell according to the invention has no, on the outside of the housing 1 arranged bathleitbleche 2 on.
  • the electrode 10 the cathode
  • FIG. 2B is connected directly to a heat conductor 12 with a Elektrodenzieleiter.
  • This connection is shown in FIG. 2B as a direct contact 13 between the electrode heat conductor 12 and the
  • the electrode heat conductor 12 is configured with a T-shaped profile, wherein the contact 13 between a vertical extension of the electrode heat conductor 12 and the electrode 10 is formed.
  • the horizontal region of the T-profile of the electrode heat conductor 12 replaces and / or forms part of the wall of the housing 1. This results in the open contacts 14a and 14b, where the electrode heat conductor 12 is connected to the housing 1 such that at least a part of a Outside surface of the battery cell is not formed by a wall of the housing 1, but by a surface of the electrode heat conductor 12.
  • the horizontal region of the T-profile of the electrode heat conductor 12 also forms the heat-conducting surface 15 of the battery cell according to the invention. As shown in FIG.
  • the electrode heat conductor 12 is in direct contact with an active heat exchanger 4 via the heat-conducting surface 15 such that at least 50% of the heat derived from the coil 3 or from the cell nucleus is supplied to the heat exchanger.
  • the main heat conduction path is shown in FIG. 2B again indicated by arrows.
  • FIG. 3 a second embodiment of a battery cell according to the invention is shown in schematic section. This second embodiment differs from the first one in FIG. 2 shown in that now not only the electrode 10, the cathode, is connected to a Elektroden Knoxleiter 12, but also the electrode 7, the anode of the battery cell according to the invention, is connected to a separate electrode heat conductor 12.
  • each electrode heat conductor 12 derives the heat in each case to a separate heat exchanger 4.
  • the electrical insulating layer consists of a material which is electrically insulating, but remains thermally conductive and heat from the electrode connected to the electrode 7 heat conductor 12 can pass in the direction of a heat exchanger 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of a battery cell according to the invention.
  • This battery cell has a heat-conducting electrical insulating layer 16 between both the electrode heat conductor 12 connected to the anode (electrode 7) and the electrode heat conductor 12 connected to the cathode (electrode 10) and the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 can be designed to be potential-neutral.
  • FIG. 5 different profiles of the electrode heat conductor 12 are shown.
  • the profiles in FIG. FIGS. 5A and 5B show T-profiles which have open contacts 14a and 14b with the housing 1, so that a heat transfer from the electrode heat conductor 12 via the heat-conducting surface 15 to a heat exchanger 4 Thus, not via a housing wall layer takes place but a direct contact between the heat conduction surface 15 of the electrode heat conductor 12 with a heat exchanger 4 is possible.
  • 5C, 5D, 5E and 5F illustrate T and L profiles that have no open contacts 14a and 14b and are in contact with a portion of the wall of the housing 1 via their heat-conducting surface 15 such that heat transfer from the electrode heat conductor 12 over the heat exchanger 12 is accomplished Heat conducting surface 15 towards a heat exchanger 4 is not possible via a direct contact between the heat conducting surface 15 with a heat exchanger 4, but indirectly takes place at least over a housing wall layer away.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de batterie, comprenant un carter et un noyau de cellule disposé dans le carter, ledit noyau de cellule contenant un enrouleur qui présente un enroulement axial d'au moins trois couches, une couche d'anodes, une couche de cathodes et une couche de séparateurs, ladite couche d'anodes étant repliée à une extrémité axiale de l'enrouleur en une électrode et reliée à un pôle de cellule négatif, ladite couche de cathodes étant repliée à une extrémité axiale opposée de l'enrouleur en un électrode et reliée à un pôle de cellule positif, caractérisée en ce que i) une des électrodes est reliée directement par conduction de chaleur à au moins un conducteur de chaleur d'électrodes disposé dans le carter et ii) le ou les conducteurs de chaleur est/sont relié(s) par conduction de chaleur à un échangeur de chaleur disposé en dehors du carter de telle manière que de la chaleur peut être extraite du noyau de cellule dans le direction axiale de l'enrouleur et finalement peut être acheminé vers l'échangeur de chaleur, l'ensemble des conducteurs de chaleur d'électrode de l'élément de batterie forment une surface conductrice de chaleur au moyen de laquelle au moins 50% de la chaleur issue du noyau de cellule peut être acheminé à l'échangeur de chaleur.
PCT/EP2010/058711 2009-06-25 2010-06-21 Batterie dotée d'un conducteur de chaleur pour électrodes permettant un équilibrage de température WO2010149608A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910027178 DE102009027178A1 (de) 2009-06-25 2009-06-25 Batterie mit Elektrodenwärmeleiter zur effizienten Temperierung
DE102009027178.3 2009-06-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010149608A2 true WO2010149608A2 (fr) 2010-12-29
WO2010149608A3 WO2010149608A3 (fr) 2011-03-17

Family

ID=43217665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2010/058711 WO2010149608A2 (fr) 2009-06-25 2010-06-21 Batterie dotée d'un conducteur de chaleur pour électrodes permettant un équilibrage de température

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102009027178A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010149608A2 (fr)

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DE102015115602A1 (de) 2015-09-16 2017-03-16 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Batteriezelle für die Traktionsbatterie eines elektrisch betriebenen Fahrzeugs und entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren

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DE102011110876A1 (de) * 2011-08-17 2013-02-21 Li-Tec Battery Gmbh Energiespeichervorrichtung
DE102012204595A1 (de) 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Anordnung zum Hindurchführen eines Strompfades durch ein Gehäuse einer Batteriezelle, Batteriezelle sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102013220171A1 (de) * 2013-10-07 2015-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Batteriezelle und Herstellungsverfahren für diese, sowie Batterie
EP3232491A1 (fr) * 2016-04-11 2017-10-18 SK Innovation Co., Ltd. Batterie secondaire au lithium
DE102016214318B4 (de) 2016-08-03 2023-12-07 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Batteriezelle und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Batteriezelle

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DE102015115602A1 (de) 2015-09-16 2017-03-16 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Batteriezelle für die Traktionsbatterie eines elektrisch betriebenen Fahrzeugs und entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010149608A3 (fr) 2011-03-17
DE102009027178A1 (de) 2010-12-30

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