WO2010146553A1

WO2010146553A1 - Device for protecting a recuperative air exchange device against frost and method for operating the device

Info

Publication number: WO2010146553A1
Application number: PCT/IB2010/052729
Authority: WO
Inventors: Juri Landa
Original assignee: Meltem Lüftungsgeräte GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date: 2009-06-17
Filing date: 2010-06-17
Publication date: 2010-12-23
Also published as: DE102009025651A1

Abstract

The application discloses an auxiliary device against the icing of a heat exchanger (2) for a decentralized air exchange device (1). The application further discloses an air exchange device (1) and to a method for operating the air exchange device (1). The auxiliary device comprises a housing for attaching to an air exchange device (1) having a heat exchanger (2). The housing comprises an outside air inlet opening (56) and a closure device having a gate (59; 78; 92), which can be moved between a closed position and a bypass position. The closure device releases an outside air inlet opening (56) in the closed position, partially releases the outside air inlet opening (56) in a mixed position, and closes the outside air inlet opening (56) in the bypass position. Furthermore, an inside air inlet area (200) for connecting to an inside air outlet opening (54) of the air exchange device (1) and an inside air outlet area (201) for connecting to a supply air inlet opening (4) of the air exchange device (1) are provided. The gate (59; 78; 92) establishes an air channel between the inside air inlet area (200) and the inside air outlet area (201) in the bypass position and closes said air channel in the closed position.

Description

description

Title of Invention: FROST PROTECTION DEVICE

A REPAIRATIVE AIR EXCHANGE DEVICE

AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE DEVICE

[1] Recuperative air exchange devices can be installed in an exterior wall of living or working spaces, and provide sufficient air exchange with the outside air without having to open windows or doors. In order to avoid, in particular in the cold season due to ventilation additional heating costs, such room fans are equipped with a heat recovery device. In conventional room fans, the heat recovery device is formed by a heat exchanger, which returns the heat dissipated to the outside in the exchange of heat into the interior of the room. In room fans with integrated heat exchanger, especially in the cold season there is a risk that the heat exchanger freezes because the humidity of the exhaust air condenses in the heat exchanger and freezes on further cooling by the cold outside air in the heat exchanger. As a result, the heat exchanger can be partially or even completely blocked on the exhaust side. As a result, reduces the heat recovery performance, the preheating of the outside air is therefore lower and must be compensated by a correspondingly larger sized reheater.

[2] In order to prevent the freezing of the heat exchanger in such room fans, it is known from the prior art to preheat the outside air by electric air heaters or by glycol heating batteries or by admixing exhaust air. Furthermore, the use of defrosting circuits is known, the cooling of the exhaust air below the freezing point of the condensate is avoided by briefly switching off a supply air fan.

According to the application, an additional device is specified against icing of a heat exchanger with a housing for attachment to a decentralized air exchange device with a heat exchanger. The housing has a Außenlufteinlas- opening and a closure device with a movable between a closed position and a bypass position aperture. The aperture may be slidable or rotatable. The closure device releases an outside air inlet opening in the closed position and closes the outside air inlet opening in the bypass position. In the bypass position, the shutter of the closure device establishes an air channel between an inside air inlet area and an inside air outlet area and closes this air channel in the closed position. [4] In a mixing position, warm indoor air is supplied to the heat exchanger

Outside air added. In the bypass position, the outside air is replaced by the circulated inside air. In the closed position, only external air is supplied to the heat exchanger. An outside air inlet port of the accessory device communicates with an outside air inlet port of the air exchange device except when the shutter closes the outside air inlet port of the auxiliary device in the bypass position.

[5] There is a space between the outside air inlet and the inlet air inlet

An inner air inlet area is formed around the inner air outlet opening, wherein the diaphragm in the bypass position produces an air channel between the inner air inlet area and the inner air outlet area and wherein the aperture also closes this air channel in the closed position. An exhaust air supply area of the heat exchanger is an area in which an exhaust air filter can be provided. The inner air outlet port draws its air from this area.

[6] Advantageously, the warm additional air which heats the heat exchanger comes from the air exchange device itself and not directly from a room. This makes it easy to roast the additional device, because the air exchange device does not need to be changed on one of the visible sides. Rather, it is sufficient to provide an internal air outlet on the rear wall, where the additional device is mounted, or to open later. In addition, the internal air discharged from the inside air outlet port can be previously filtered with air filters already present in the air exchange device, whereby no additional air filters need be provided in the auxiliary device. The inner air outlet opening may, in particular, be one or more openings which are arranged in the vicinity of the exhaust air filter and which may be located in the exhaust air flow in front of or behind the exhaust air filter.

[7] A decentralized air exchange device is in particular an air exchange device, in which an exhaust air filter is provided in an exhaust air supply region of the heat exchanger and in which a supply air filter is provided in an area of a supply air inlet opening. In central systems such filters are not provided in the same housing in which the heat exchanger is located.

For retrofitting the additional device special areas can be provided in the additional device, via which it is fastened with fasteners to the air exchange device or additionally aligned.

[9] Furthermore, the application gives a decentralized air exchange device with a

A heat exchanger having an inner air outlet opening, which is in communication with an exhaust air supply region of the heat exchanger and in the area Exhaust filter is provided. The air exchange device according to the application has a Zulufteinlassöffnung, in the area of a supply air filter is provided, and further an outdoor air inlet opening and a closure device with a movable between a closed position and a bypass position aperture. Here, the closure device and the aperture in the manner described above between a closed position and a bypass position are movable.

[10] Also provided is a method for preventing frost of a heat exchanger, which comprises the following steps. Change to a frost protection operation. Detecting the exhaust air temperature of an exhaust air flow near a cold corner of the heat exchanger. When an exhaust air temperature lower than a predetermined first threshold is detected, the inner air outlet port is opened and the outer air inlet port is closed. Then the exhaust air temperature of an exhaust air flow near a cold corner of the heat exchanger is detected again. Upon detecting a temperature of the exhaust air that is greater than a predetermined second threshold, the Zulufteinlassöffnung is opened by M step units of a stepping motor, and the exhaust air temperature of an exhaust air flow near a cold corner of the heat exchanger is detected again.

[11] Further, there is provided a method of defrosting a heat exchanger, which comprises the following steps.

[12] When changing over to normal operation, an air passage is released from the air intake port to the outside air intake port, and an air passage is closed from the inside air exhaust port to the air intake port. During a defrost operation, a sensor is turned on, which generates a sensor signal and is checked by means of the sensor signal for an indication of icing of the heat exchanger. If no signs of icing are detected, normal operation will be performed. If a sign of icing is detected, the exhaust air temperature of an exhaust air flow near a cold corner of the heat exchanger is detected.

[13] When detecting an exhaust air temperature that is less than a given first

Threshold is closed, the Zulufteinlassöffnung and the Innenluftauslassöffnung open. It is then checked again for signs of icing of the heat exchanger. Upon detection of an exhaust air temperature which is greater than a predetermined second limit value, the air intake opening is opened by M step units of a stepper motor and the Innenluftauslassöffnung opened by M step units of a stepper motor. It is checked again for signs of icing of the heat exchanger.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of an air exchange device according to an exemplary embodiment, FIG.

[15] FIG. 2 shows a first cross-section of an outer wall of a building. constructed air exchange device according to Figure 1 with a bypass device in a closed position,

[16] FIG. 3 shows a second cross section of the air exchange device with the bypass device in a closed position,

[17] FIG. 4 shows a first cross section of the air exchange device with the bypass device in a bypass position,

[18] FIG. 5 shows a second cross section of the air exchange device with the bypass device in a bypass position, [19] FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the bypass device,

[20] FIG. 7 shows a detailed view of an aperture of the bypass device,

[21] FIG. 8 is a plan view of a stepper motor of the bypass device;

[22] FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the bypass device,

[23] FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a bypass device according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[24] FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of a bypass device according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[25] FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of a bypass device according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[26] FIG. 13 shows a partial view of a bypass device according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[27] FIG. 14 shows a further partial view of the bypass device according to FIG. 13,

[28] FIG. 15 shows a sliding closure device of the bypass device according to FIG. 13, [29] FIG. 16 shows a slide of the sliding closure device according to FIG.

15

[30] Fig. 17 shows a bypass device according to another embodiment

[31] FIG. 18 shows a detail view of a flap device according to FIG. 17,

[32] FIG. 19 shows a further detail view of the flap device according to FIG. 18,

FIG. 20 shows a detail view of the flap device according to FIG. 18, FIG.

[34] FIG. 21 shows a flap of the flap device according to FIG. 18, FIG.

[35] FIG. 22 shows a shutter device for an inside air outlet port according to another embodiment.

[36] FIG. 23 shows a rear view of the closure device according to FIG. 22,

[37] Fig. 24 shows a method of thawing a heat exchanger with a preset one

defrosting,

[38] FIG. 25 shows another method for thawing a heat exchanger with controlled thawing time, [39] FIG. 26 shows another method for thawing a heat exchanger with controlled thawing time. regular admixture of indoor air,

[40] Fig. 27 shows a method for icing contactor of a heat exchanger with controlled admixture of indoor air,

[41] FIG. 28 shows a frontal view of the bypass device of FIG. 6 in the bypass position, and FIG

[42] FIG. 29 shows a front view of the bypass device of FIG. 6 in the closed position.

[43] The following description contains details intended to describe the embodiments of the application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these details.

[44] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of an air exchange device 1 according to an embodiment.

[45] The air exchange device 1 is enclosed by a square housing 3.

In the plan view shown in Figure 1, the cover plate of the housing 3 is removed.

[46] In the middle of the housing 3, a square plate heat exchanger 2 is arranged.

[47] Above the plate heat exchanger 2 is a cylindrical outside air

Round filter cartridge 5 is arranged. Inside the outside air round filter cartridge 5 is a circular Zulufteinlassöffnung visible 4, which is located on the underside of the housing 3.

[48] Within this wall, a cylindrical exhaust round filter cartridge 6 is arranged approximately centered. At the bottom of the exhaust air round filter cartridge an Innenluftauslas- opening (54) can be seen. In the cover plate of the housing 3, not shown here, an opening is provided which is arranged when placing the cover plate on the housing 3 within the exhaust air round filter cartridge 6, wherein the underside of the cover plate rests on the annular top of the exhaust air round filter cartridge 6.

[49] At the lower right side of the plate heat exchanger 2, an exhaust fan housing 7 having an exhaust fan 8 and a hopper 10 disposed between the exhaust fan 8 and the plate heat exchanger 2 are provided. The funnel 10 starts on the lower right side of the plate heat exchanger 2. On the outlet side of the funnel 10, the exhaust fan 8 starts, of which in the plan view in Figure 1, only the panel can be seen. The exhaust air fan 8 is enclosed by the exhaust air fan housing 7, which has a rectangular exhaust air outlet opening 9 shown in broken lines in FIG. 1 on its underside.

[50] At the lower left-hand side of the plate heat exchanger 2, one of a supply air

Fan housing 11 enclosed supply air 12 at. In the left upper area of the supply air fan 12, a rectangular Zuluftauslassöffnung 13 is arranged, through which a plurality of fan blades of the supply air fan 12 can be seen. [51] A first section line AA runs through the lower left and through the upper right corner of the housing 3. A further section line BB runs through the left upper and the lower right corner of the housing third

[52] Figures 2 to 5 show cross-sectional views of the air exchange device 1 and a bypass device in the closed position and in the bypass position. Parts of a shutter 59 that are in front of or behind a cut line are indicated by dashed lines. The arrangement of the parts of the aperture 59 in the two positions is best seen in Figures 28 and 29.

[53] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a cross section along the

Section line A-A attached to an outer wall 15 air exchange device 1 with an attachment 50 according to a first embodiment. In Figure 2, the heating side of the plate heat exchanger 2 is considered.

[54] The air exchange device 1 is located with the back of the attachment 50 in the

Outside wall 15 and is accordingly inside the building. The attachment 50 is located between the housing 3 and the outer wall 15. Here, the interior of the housing 3 is divided into an uppermost arranged outside air inlet area, in a centrally located heat exchanger area and in a lowermost Zuluftauslassbereich.

[55] In the outside air intake area, the outside air intake port 4 is formed on the rear side of the housing 3. The outside air inlet area also comprises the outside air round filter cartridge 5, the jacket area of which extends horizontally between the front side and the rear side of the housing 3 and terminates in each case with the front side and with the rear side of the housing 3. The final with the back of the housing 3 area of the outside air round filter cartridge 5 defines the Zuluftauslas opening söfnung. 13

[56] A closure device is arranged in a chamber 43 of the attachment 50. The

Closure device is best seen in Fig. 6. By the closure device, an outside air inlet opening 56 of the outside air supply pipe can be opened and closed. In Fig. 2, the position of the closure device is shown in normal operation, in which the outside air inlet opening 56 is opened.

[57] In the heat exchanger region of the plate heat exchanger 2 is arranged, which has air ducts which extend in the illustration of Figure 3 from top to bottom. In the Zuluftauslassbereich a Zuluft- fan 14 is disposed within the Zuluft- fan housing 11. At the same height with the fan blades of Zuluft- fan 14, a Zuluftauslassöffnung 13 is provided in the front of the housing 3 and in the left side of the supply air fan housing 11.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a cross section along the

Section line BB of the attached to the outer wall 15 air exchange device 1 with an attachment 50 according to a first embodiment. In Figure 3, the cooling side of the plate heat exchanger 2 is considered.

[59] The interior of the housing 3 is divided into an upper exhaust air supply area

202, in a middle heat exchanger area and in a lower exhaust air outlet area. The exhaust air supply region 202 includes the exhaust air round filter cartridge 6, whose shell region extends horizontally between the front and the back of the housing 3 and terminates respectively with the front and with the back of the housing 3. In the exhaust air supply region 202, a continuous air inlet opening 17 is provided on the front side of the housing 3, which is delimited by the exhaust air round filter cartridge 6. On the rear side of the exhaust air supply region 202, an inside air outlet port 54 for introducing exhaust air into the air inlet port 4 is provided. The chamber 43 of the attachment 50 connects to the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54. In Fig. 3, the position of the shutter device is shown in normal operation, in which the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54 is closed.

In the heat exchanger region of the plate heat exchanger 2 is arranged, which has a plurality of parallel, vertically extending air ducts, three of which are shown in Fig. 5. The exhaust air outlet region includes a design according to the type, in terms of size and in terms of alignment with the supply air fan 14 shown in Figure 3 identical Fortlüftlüfterrad 19. The exhaust air impeller 19 is centered within the exhaust air fan housing 7. Horizontal at the same level with the exhaust fan 19, the exhaust air fan housing 7 on the right side and the housing 3 on its back in each case an exhaust air outlet opening 9. At this exhaust air outlet opening 9 sets a exhaust air outlet 20, which extends slightly inclined to the right bottom. Centered on the top of the exhaust fan housing 7, an exhaust air supply port 18 is provided. Between the left and the right end of the underside of the plate heat exchanger 2 and the left and right sides of the top of the exhaust air fan housing 7, the funnel 10 is arranged.

[61] Further features of the air exchange device can be found in WO 03/081141.

[62] FIG. 4 shows the cross-section A-A from FIG. 1, wherein the closure device is in a bypass position, in which the closure device closes the outside air inlet opening. Arrows 22 indicate the supply air stream 22 at. An arrowhead 69 indicates an interior air flow 69 forward in the drawing plane. A web on the aperture 59, through which an inner air flow is directed forward in the plane of the drawing, is indicated by dashed lines.

[63] FIG. 5 shows the cross-section BB of FIG. 1, with the closure device in the bypass position, which is also shown in FIG. In this case, the closure device releases the Innenluftauslassöffnung. Arrows 23 show the exhaust air flow 23 on.

[64] Fig. 6 shows a bypass device according to a first embodiment. The bypass device has an attachment 50, which is attached to a rear wall 52 of the air exchange device 1. For the sake of clarity, the attachment 50 is shown in an opened state. In the following description, however, the closed state is described, in which the attachment 50 terminates with the rear wall 52 of the air exchange device 1.

[65] On a rear wall 52 of the air exchange device 1 are the inlet air inlet 4 for supply air and the outlet 9 for exhaust air. In addition, the rear wall 52 has an inner air outlet opening 54. This Innenluftauslas- opening 54 is slightly smaller in diameter than the other two openings 4, 9 and is disposed above an exhaust air guide channel, which is tapped thereby. In the attachment 50 there is an inlet opening 56 for supply air, which is opposite to the Zuluf- teinlassöffnung 4 of the rear wall 52 and an outlet opening 57 for exhaust air, which is the exhaust air outlet opening 9 of the rear wall 52 opposite.

On the rear wall 52 is also located about an axis 58 rotatably mounted aperture 59. The aperture 59 abuts against the rear wall 52 and is reciprocable in the plane of the rear wall 52 between a bypass position and a closed position. The rotational movement from the bypass position to the closed position is marked by an arrow 60. In the bypass position of the shutter 59, which is shown in Fig. 6, the air inlet opening 4 of the rear wall 52 is released and the outside air inlet opening 56 is covered by the shutter 59. Arrows 69 indicate the air flow in the bypass position of the aperture 59. The air flow partly runs behind the diaphragm, which is indicated by a dashed arrow 69. An arrow 68 shows the air flow in the closed position of the shutter 59. The arrows 68 and 69 show air flows in a mixing position of the shutter 59.

At the height of the axis of rotation 58 of the diaphragm is a hole 61 in the

Rear wall 52. A rod-shaped axis of the diaphragm is passed through the hole 61 in the rear wall 52. The rod-shaped axis is not visible in FIG. On the inside of the rear wall 52 is a stepping motor for rotating the diaphragm, with its output shaft, the rod-shaped axis of the diaphragm is connected. The position of the stepping motor on the inside of the rear wall 52 is shown in more detail in FIG. 8.

[68] On an inner side 63 of the attachment 50 there is a web 64, which delimits an approximately semicircular closed area 55, which tapers perpendicularly upwards. The web 64 has a rectangular cross-section. The upper side of the web 64 facing the rear wall contacts the rear wall 52, so that the web 64 terminates with the rear wall 52. The bridge 64 can with a felt covering be sealed. The area 55 bounded by the land 64 includes the area that the gate 59 passes over when moved from the bypass position to the closed position. The web 64 further comprises the Zulufteinlassöffnung 4 and the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54 of the rear wall 52 and the Außenlufteinlas- opening 56 of the essay. The exhaust air outlet opening 57 of the attachment sits on the exhaust air outlet opening 9 of the rear wall 52 so that the exhaust air outlet opening 57 of the attachment closes tightly with the exhaust air outlet opening 9 of the rear wall 52.

[69] FIG. 7 shows a detailed view of the panel 59. A cylindrical attachment 65 is installed on the panel 59. By the cylindrical cap 65, the inner air outlet port 54 is closed in the closed position of the shutter 59. Furthermore, on the side of the aperture 59, which faces the rear wall 52 on the edge of the aperture 59, a web 62 for guiding the air flow is attached. Through the web 62, in the bypass position of the orifice 59, the air flow 69 is directed from the inside air outlet opening 54 to the air inlet opening 4. To seal the cylindrical cap 65 and the top of the web 62 can be covered with felt.

FIG. 8 shows the attachment of a stepping motor 70 to the rear wall 52 of the air exchange apparatus 1. As shown in FIG. 8, the dimensions of the stepping motor 70 are so compact as to be provided in a housing cavity between two mounting screws 70 and 71 can be. The housing cavity in which the stepper motor 70 is housed is located between the outside air filter 5 and the exhaust air circular filter 6. Left and right of the stepper motor 70 is ever a load eye, with which the stepper motor is attached to the housing.

The schematic diagrams 9 to 12 show schematically several embodiments of a closable bypass channel.

[72] FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of an air exchange device 1. The schematic diagram shows the plate heat exchanger 2 in the housing 3, which is traversed by a supply air flow 22 and an exhaust air flow 23.

[73] In the supply air stream 22 is an outside air inlet opening 56, which can be released or closed by a closure device 24. The dashed line here means that the closure device 24 acts on the outside air inlet opening 56 and the inside air outlet opening 54. For this purpose, the closure device 24 can either be designed in two parts, with a respective closure element being provided for the outside air inlet opening 56 and the inside air outlet opening 54, or it can be made in one piece, wherein a closure element is provided which opens both the outside air inlet opening 56 and the inside air outlet opening 54 and closes. [74] In the following, a "sliding closure element" is to be understood as meaning a closure element which is pushed in front of an opening, such as a diaphragm or a slider. 'Closing element' in this context is a component which can release or close an opening. A "displaceable closure device" is to be understood as a closure device whose closure elements are designed as displaceable closure elements.

[75] Exhaust air is to be understood as meaning the interior air aspirated from the interior, while exhaust air is to be understood as meaning the air blown outwards from the exhaust air ventilator 8. The proportion of the exhaust air flowing through the heat exchanger is also called exhaust air for the sake of simplicity.

[76] In the supply air stream 22 behind the outside air inlet opening 56 is the

Outside air circular filter 5, the plate heat exchanger 2, the Zuluflüfter 12 and a supply air flap 39. In the exhaust air stream 23 is an exhaust air flap 38 and an exhaust air filter round 6. At the bottom of the exhaust air circular filter 6 an Innenluftauslas- opening 54 is provided by the closure device 24 can be released or closed. As can already be seen in FIG. 2, the exhaust air stream 23 leads through the outer wall of the exhaust air circular filter to the plate heat exchanger 2. A 'cold corner' 25 indicates the area the plate heat exchanger 2, which cools the most during operation.

In the air exchange device 1 there is a chamber which, for reasons of

Clarity in Figure 4 is not shown. This chamber is located in the supply air stream 22 and has three openings, namely the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54, the outside air inlet opening 56 and the air inlet opening 4. The exhaust air flap 38 and the air inlet flap 39 are located on the cover plate, which is not shown in Fig. 1-3.

[78] FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an air exchange device with a closable bypass channel similar to FIG. 9. In this case, the input of the bypass channel is located in the air flow in front of the supply air filter. Thus, FIG. 9 is a special case of FIG. 10.

[79] FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of an air exchange device with a bypass channel. Here, the input of the bypass channel in the air flow is behind the Zuluftfilter. This can be implemented, for example, by providing holes in the rear wall 50 in the outer region of the exhaust filter 5 in the first exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2-8 or in the second exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 13-16, in the manner as shown in FIG is shown. As a result, the admixed bypass air is filtered and less dust gets into the air exchange device.

[80] FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of an air exchange device with a bypass right channel. The inlet of the bypass duct in the air flow is behind the intake air filter. In contrast to FIG. 11, a closure element, each with a drive motor, is attached to the inside air outlet opening and to the inlet air inlet opening. An embodiment according to FIG. 12 is shown in detail in FIGS. 17-23.

The chamber mentioned in connection with FIG. 4 is formed in the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5 by the rear wall 52, the web 64 and the wall of the attachment 50. In the embodiment of FIGS. 13-16, the chamber is formed by the rear wall 52 and the rectangular recess 79 of the slider device 74.

[82] By a bypass device according to the application, it is possible in a particularly simple and cost-saving manner to equip an air exchange device with an energy-saving device for defrosting or to avoid freezing. For this purpose, attaching an essay on a rear wall of the air exchange device and some simple structural measures is sufficient.

[83] According to the application, the admixed internal air is diverted from the exhaust air supply region of the heat exchanger. Thus, an additional air inlet opening, which is visible from the interior, in a bypass device according to the application is not required. The design of the air exchange device does not need to be changed, and the bypass device is suitable for both surface mounting and interior wall mounting.

[84] When in a mixed position, the air passage from the outside air inlet port 56 to

Zulufteinlassöffnung 4 is not completely closed, the supply of outside air is not completely prevented. This ensures that an air exchange takes place in the mixing position.

[85] Furthermore, in the mixing position by adjusting the fan power of

Supply air to exhaust fan low pressure in the building kept low or even prevented. Thereby, a suction of the air, e.g. from fireplaces and sanitary facilities avoided and appropriate building standards are met.

[86] A bypass device with a closure device according to the application makes it possible to adjust the mixing ratio of supply air to sucked inside air continuously. This can also be used for a partial circulation operation.

[87] According to the application, the condensation produced during the defrosting of the heat exchanger can simply be expelled by the exhaust air flow. This advantageous mode of operation is made possible by the inclination of the exhaust air outlet pipe 20.

[88] Furthermore, depending on the operating mode, a bypass device according to the application can be used both for frost prevention and for defrosting the heat exchanger.

[89] The aperture 59 of the first embodiment may also be considered a flat panel be executed without a cylindrical attachment. In this case, it is expedient to bring a tube from an air inlet or outlet opening to the diaphragm, so that the air supply is effectively limited.

[90] When the air exchange device does not have the circular filter shown in FIG. 3, it may be desirable to provide a bypass passage from the inner air outlet port 54 on the rear wall 52 to a suitable location in the exhaust air supply section 202 of the air exchange device 1.

[91] In an embodiment not shown here, the aperture 59 may be provided together with the stepper motor 104 and possibly also with the associated part of the control in the attachment 50. The control for the stepper motor 70 is then connected via contacts in the attachment 50 and in the rear wall 52 with the control of the air exchange device 1. The attachment 50 can then be manufactured separately and retrofitted to an air exchange device 1, i.a. by providing an inner air outlet opening 54 there.

[92] FIG. 6 shows the guidance of the air flow during a defrosting operation of the air exchange apparatus 1.

[93] The exhaust air fan 8 draws in the interior air. The interior air is over the

Plate heat exchanger 2 is blown through the exhaust air outlet opening 9 of the rear wall and through the exhaust air outlet opening 57 of the cap 50 via the exhaust air outlet pipe 20 to the outside. The air flow of the exhaust air is marked by arrows 67.

[94] During normal operation, the shutter 59 is in a closed position. In the closed position, the supply air fan 12 sucks the outside air via the air inlet opening 4 through the closed area 55 and over the outside air inlet opening 56 of the top 50. Subsequently, the supply air is passed through a plate heat exchanger 2 in the interior of the room. The influx of outside air is indicated by the arrow 68. By the cylindrical cap 65 of the aperture 59, an air channel is simultaneously closed by the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54 to the Zulufteinlassöffnung 4.

[95] In a bypass position, the shutter 59 is turned to the side, so that the cylindrical cap 65 no longer closes the inner air inlet opening 54 and an air passage from the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54 is released to the Zulufteinlassöffnung 4. The air flow through the air duct is marked by arrows 69. At the same time, the outside air inlet opening 56 is partially closed by the shutter 59 in a mixing position and closed in a bypass position. Thus, an air passage from the outside air inlet port 56 to the air inlet port 4 is partially or completely closed.

[96] Furthermore, in the mixing position, the fan power of the supply air fan 12 to the exhaust fan 8 is adjusted so that the ratio of the supply promoted by the supply air fan 12 is increased. amount of air to the funded by the exhaust fan 8 exhaust air amount per time as close to one.

[97] FIGS. 24 to 27 show methods for operating an air exchange device according to the application. These methods can be implemented in particular in a computer program or in an electronic circuit.

[98] Fig. 24 shows steps during defrosting according to a first method of defrosting a heat exchanger. During a Entfrostbetriebs is determined in a first decision step 110 by means of a temperature signal, whether the temperature of the exhaust air is below a minimum temperature, here 0 ⁰ C. If this is not the case, the device changes to normal operation in step 112. In normal operation, the outside air inlet opening is opened and an inside air outlet opening 54 is closed. In contrast, if the exhaust air temperature is below the minimum temperature, it is determined in a second decision step 111 whether icing of the heat exchanger is present. If this is not the case, the device changes to normal operation in step 112. On the other hand, if there is icing of the heat exchanger, a defrost timer is started in step 113. In step 114, the exhaust fan is turned off for a preset period of time 114. In a step 115, the outside air inlet opening 56 is closed for the preset period of time and the inside air outlet opening 54 is opened, so that the inside air is circulated.

[99] After the expiration of the preset time period, in a step 116, the outside air inlet opening 56 is opened again and the inside air outlet opening 54 is closed again. In a step 112, the system returns to normal operation.

[100] Fig. 25 shows steps during a defrosting operation according to a second defrosting method of a heat exchanger. During a defrosting operation, it is determined in a first decision step 110 'by a measurement signal whether the exhaust air temperature is below a minimum temperature, in this case 0 ^° C. If an exhaust air temperature greater than or equal to the minimum temperature is measured, in a step 116 'the outside air inlet opening 56 is opened and the inside air outlet opening 54 is closed and the device changes to normal operation in step 112'. In a second decision step 110 ', it is tested whether an icing of the heat exchanger is present. If no icing is detected in step 110 ', in a step 116' the outside air inlet opening 56 is opened and the inside air outlet opening 54 is closed and the appliance changes to normal operation in step 112 '.

[101] If, on the other hand, icing of the heat exchanger is detected in step 110 ', the outside air inlet opening 56 is closed and the inside air outlet opening 54 is opened in step 115'. In a further step 113 ', a defrost timer is set, which is set to a preset defrost duration. In a further step 114, the exhaust fan is turned off for a preset defrost duration. In In a subsequent step 118, the exhaust fan is turned on for a short period of time to remove condensation. The condensation water drains over the downwardly inclined exhaust air outlet pipe 20. In a further decision step 119, it is again determined whether icing of the heat exchanger is present. If icing of the heat exchanger is detected in decision step 119, the apparatus returns to step 113 'and turns on the defrost timer.

[102] If no icing of the heat exchanger is detected in the decision step, in a step 116 'the outside air inlet opening 56 is opened and the inside air outlet opening 54 is closed and the device changes to normal mode in step 112'.

[103] Fig. 26 shows a process for defrosting the heat exchanger with air exchange. In a first step 121 is changed to a defrosting operation. For example, step 121 may be in response to an outside temperature signal. In a decision step 122, it is determined whether there is an indication of icing of the heat exchanger. This can be done, for example, with one of the methods described below.

[104] If no evidence of icing of the heat exchanger is found in decision step 122, in a step 127 the outside air inlet 56 is opened and the inside air outlet 54 is closed, and in a step 128 the appliance is switched to normal operation. In a further decision step 123, it is determined on the basis of a measurement signal whether the temperature of the exhaust air is below a minimum temperature, here 0 ^° C. If an exhaust air temperature greater than or equal to the minimum temperature is measured, then in a step 127, the outside air inlet opening 56 is opened and the inside air outlet opening 54 is closed and in a step 128, the device switches to normal operation. As long as the frost protection is switched on, it is further checked during normal operation whether there is any indication of icing of the heat exchanger and go through the subsequent steps. This eliminates step 127, since the outside air inlet opening 56 and the inside air outlet opening 54 are already open or closed.

[105] If, on the other hand, it is determined in the decision step 123 that the exhaust air temperature is below the minimum temperature, in a step 124 the outside air inlet opening 56 is closed and the inside air outlet opening 54 is opened. In a third decision step 125 is determined based on a temperature signal whether the exhaust air temperature is above a predetermined threshold, which is here 4 ⁰ C. If it is determined in the decision step 125 that the exhaust air temperature is not above the predetermined temperature threshold, it is checked again in step 122 whether there is an indication of icing of the heat exchanger and carried out the subsequent steps. If it is determined in decision step 125, however, that the exhaust air temperature is above the predetermined temperature threshold, then is for for a predetermined period of time, in a step 126, the outside air inlet opening 56 is opened by M-step units and the inside air outlet opening 54 is closed by M step units. After expiration of the predetermined period of time, it is checked again in decision step 122 whether there is icing of the heat exchanger and the subsequent steps are carried out.

[106] Fig. 27 shows a method for frost protection of the heat exchanger with air exchange. In a first step 121 'is changed to a defrosting operation. In a decision step 123 ', it is checked whether the exhaust air temperature is below a minimum temperature, here 0 ⁰ C. If it is determined in the decision step 123 'that the exhaust air temperature is below the minimum temperature, in a step 124 the outside air inlet opening 56 is closed and the inside air outlet opening 54 is opened. In a further step 129, the room and the outside temperature are measured. In a further step 130, the power of the supply air fan and of the continuous fan are set on the basis of sensor measured values such that the supply air flow is approximately equal to the exhaust air flow. Thereafter, in the decision step 123 'again checked whether the exhaust air temperature is below the minimum temperature and carried out the subsequent steps.

[107] If it is determined in decision step 123 'that the temperature of the exhaust air is greater than or equal to the minimum temperature, then in a second decision step 125' it is checked whether the temperature of the exhaust air is above a predetermined temperature threshold, in this case 4 ^° C. If it is determined in decision step 125 'that the temperature of the exhaust air is not above the predetermined temperature threshold, the method branches back to decision step 123', in which it is checked whether the temperature of the exhaust air is below the minimum temperature. On the other hand, if it is determined in decision step 125 'that the temperature of the exhaust air is above the predetermined temperature threshold, then in a step 131 the outside air inlet port 56 is opened by M step units for a predetermined duration and the inside air outlet port 54 is closed by M step units. After a predetermined period of time, it is checked again in step 123 'whether the temperature of the outside air is above the minimum temperature and the subsequent steps executed

[108] A sign of icing according to the decision steps 111, 111 ', 122 can be determined in various ways.

[109] A sign of acidification can be identified by

[110] - a measurement of the exhaust air temperature and determining that the exhaust air temperature has been below 0 ^° C for a predetermined period of time, for example 1 hour.

[111] - a measurement of the differential pressure between two points in the exhaust air flow. By icing of the heat exchanger, the exhaust air flow is obstructed and thus the Pressure difference influenced.

[112] - a measurement of the power consumption of the fan motor, in particular a measurement of the motor current,

[113] - a measurement of the temperature of the supply air flow. By icing of the heat exchanger, the heated area is lower and the exhaust air flow decreases. This reduces the temperature of the supply air. In this case, it is expedient to also measure the outside temperature and the power of the supply air fan and to consider mathematically.

[114] - a measurement of the supply air flow behind the heat exchanger to at least two

Put. Since the heat exchanger initially only partially freezes, the cold supply air is not heated by warm exhaust air only at these points. Therefore, the temperature distribution of the supply air changes behind the heat exchanger. Here, the temporal evolution of the temperature can be taken into account mathematically.

[115] - a measurement of the exhaust air flow against the 'cold corner' of the heat exchanger. With icing, the exhaust air flow decreases at this point. It is expedient to measure and account for the power consumption of the exhaust fan.

In this case, the measurement of temperature, pressure difference or air flow on the basis of sensor signals suitably attached sensors. A combination of these measurements can also be used.

[117] A method of antifreezing the heat exchanger of FIG. 27 may also be combined with one of the previously described defrosting methods. For this purpose, an icing of the heat exchanger is tested after step 123 'and the heat exchanger first defrosted by one of the previously described methods when icing is detected. A step of adjusting the ratio of supply air to exhaust air can always take place when the outside air inlet opening is partially open, that is to say in particular in the method according to FIG. 26.

[118] By the number of step units of a stepping motor, the degree of closure of a shutter member such as a shutter, a slider, a pivotal shutter is set. The number of step units may also be different for the individual closure elements of the closure device. The stepper motor advantageously allows for angular adjustment without the need for an angle sensor. To adapt the step size and torque, in particular a gear stepper motor can be used, for example with planetary gear. Alternatively, the closure elements can also be controlled continuously by means of a suitable motor.

[119] The number of step units can be determined, for example, by a PI, PID or similar controller. As input signal for the controller, the Difference of the exhaust air temperature of a desired temperature, for example 0 ⁰ C, can be used.

[120] An air exchange device 1 can be retrofitted with a bypass device. For this purpose, the back wall is already designed in such a way that the rear wall has openings for the axis of the motor as well as an inner air outlet opening 54, which are closed by a blanking plug or the like or are already pre-cut.

[121] If retrofitted with the bypass device, the

Stepper motor screwed by means of the load eyes shown in Fig. 8 to the rear wall 52 and guided the rod-shaped axis through the hole 62 in the rear wall 52 and plugged onto the stepper motor. The blind plug is removed.

[122] If the air exchange device 1 does not already have a temperature sensor for the exhaust air, a temperature sensor is mounted in a suitable position in the exhaust air flow. This temperature sensor is connected to the power supply of the heat exchange device and to the control electronics. Furthermore, the stepping motor is connected to the power supply of the air exchange device 1. A switching device for switching the current on and off as well as for adjusting the current direction is connected to the control electronics and to the power supply line for the stepper motor. In order to enable the control of the stepping motor, circuits of the control electronics are exchanged or reprogrammed suitable.

An attachment 50, on which the openings shown in FIG. 5 and the web shown in FIG. 5 are provided, is plugged onto the rear wall 52 of the air exchange device 1.

[124] Figures 13 to 16 show the components of a bypass device for an air exchange device 1 according to a second embodiment. The bypass device according to the second embodiment includes a slider for concealing an outside air inlet port and an inside air outlet port.

[125] Fig. 13 shows the components of a bypass device on the rear wall 52 of the air exchange device 1. An exhaust air flow is indicated by an arrow 22 'and an influx of outside air is indicated by an arrow 23'. In Fig. 13, instead of the shutter shown in Fig. 6, a slider device 74 is provided. The slider device 74 provides a sealable air passage between the inside air outlet port 54 and the air inlet port 4. The slider 74 has a rectangular circumference sized so that the inside air outlet port 54, the air inlet port 4 and a hole 61 shown in FIG Stepper motor is covered by the pusher. [126] The pusher 74 is disposed in a flat box which is open on the side of the rear wall and which abuts against the rear wall 52. In the flat box, a round opening for a tube 76 is further provided. The tube 76 connects the outside air inlet opening 56, not shown here, of the attachment to the inlet inlet opening 4 of the rear wall 52.

[127] The tube 76 is laterally slit on the side facing the air inlet opening 4. The slot 77 in the tube is guided parallel to the plane of the rear wall 52. An outside air inlet port 56 is defined by a cross section of the tube that is in airflow ahead of the slider device 74.

[128] A hole 61 in the rear wall 52 is located above the two openings 4, 54 between the inlet air inlet opening 4 and the inside air outlet opening 54. A rod-shaped drive axis is passed through the hole 61 in the rear wall 52. On the underside of the rear wall 52 is a stepper motor for moving a slider. The position of the stepping motor on the back of the rear wall is shown in more detail in FIG. 9.

[129] On the rear wall 52, a frame 83 is placed outside, the height of which corresponds at least to the thickness of the pusher device shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 shows further features of the bypass device according to FIG. 13. Here, the inside air inflow is indicated by an arrow 69 ', the outside air inflow by an arrow 68' and the exhaust air flow by an arrow 67 '. On the tube 76, a slot is provided on the side of the Zulufteinlassöffnung 4. In the fitted state, the pusher 74 is at the level of the slot 77 in the tube 76, so that the slot 77 is covered to the outside by the pusher 74. In the rear wall 52, a hole for a rod-shaped axis of a stepping motor is provided between the inner air outlet opening 54 and the Zulufteinlassöffnung 4.

[131] Figures 15 and 16 show further details of the pusher 74 and a pusher 78 therein.

FIG. 15 shows a detailed view of the sliding device 74. The viewing direction of FIG. 15 is from the rear wall 52. The pusher 74 has a rectangular recess 79 which is flared on one side by an area 80 for receiving a drive. In the bottom of the rectangular recess 79, the opening 75 for the tube 76 is inserted, which is shown in Fig. 15 in section.

[133] Further, the slider 74 has a slider 78 disposed in the rectangular recess 79 so as to be movable parallel to the bottom surface of the recess 79. The slider 78 consists of a plate whose outline is formed by a rectangular area 81 and a semicircular area 82 adjoining it. The semicircular region 82 is here such that the semi-circular portion 82 of the slider 78 completely closes the opening 75 in the slider 74 in the closed state. Thus, the outside air inlet opening 56, not shown here, is also closed in the closed state.

The rectangular area 81 of the slider 78 has the same width as the rectangular recess 79. However, the slider 78 is dimensioned shorter than the rectangular recess 79 so that it can be moved back and forth between a bypass position and a closed position. The direction of movement is along the longitudinal sides of the rectangular recess between the Zulufteinlassöffnung 4 and the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54. This direction of movement is indicated by a double arrow 88. An inside air inlet portion 200 is defined by an area around the inside air outlet port, and an inside air outlet portion 201 is defined by an area around the slot 77.

[135] A cylindrical attachment 87 is provided on the slide 78. This cylindrical cap 87 has at least the diameter of the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54. As a result, the slider 78 covers the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54 in the closed position. Furthermore, on the slider 78, two guide rails 84, 85 are mounted, which extend parallel to the longitudinal sides of the rectangular recess 79.

[136] On one longitudinal side of the rectangular portion 81 of the slider 78 is a perforation

86 attached. In the region of the recess 80 is a gear, not shown here, which is in engagement with the teeth 86. The gear is mounted at the end of a rod-shaped axle which is connected to a drive shaft of a stepper motor.

[137] To seal the slider 78, the top of the cylindrical attachment

87 and the top of the guide rails 84, 85 are covered with felt. Furthermore, for sealing purposes, the underside of the slider 78, on which the slider 78 slides along, can be provided with a felt coating.

[138] During normal operation, the spool 78 is in a closed position. In the closed position, the supply air fan 12 sucks the outside air via the slotted tube 76 and the outside air supply pipe 16. The influx of outside air is indicated by an arrow 68 'in FIG. By the cylindrical attachment of the slider 78, the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54 is closed at the same time.

The slide 78 is displaceable from the inner air outlet opening 54 to the tube 76, so that the slide 78 in a bypass position closes the slotted tube 76 on its cross section or partially closes it in a mixing position. At the same time, the cylindrical cap is moved away from the inner air outlet port 54. As a result, an air passage is released from the inside air outlet opening 54 to the air inlet opening 4. The air flow through the air duct is shown in FIG. 15 marked by an arrow 69 '. The influx of outside air is reduced by the slider 78. Thus, an air passage from the outside air inlet port 56 to the air intake port 4 is partially closed.

[140] Furthermore, in the mixing position, the fan power of supply air fan 12 is adapted to fan 2 so that a negative pressure in the interior is avoided or kept low.

[141] As with the first embodiment of a bypass device according to FIG. 5, it is also possible in the second embodiment of a bypass device according to FIGS. 13-17 to retrofit an air exchange device.

[142] For retrofitting, a tube 76 with a slot is inserted into the inner air outlet opening 54. Furthermore, a stepping motor is mounted on the inside of the rear wall 22. Subsequently, a rod-shaped axis, to which a gear is attached at one end, is guided through the hole 61 in the rear wall 52 and connected to a drive shaft of the stepping motor.

[143] The remaining steps involving the mounting of a temperature sensor and the

Adaptation of the electrical system and electronics relate to the air exchange device, correspond to the already mentioned steps in the retrofitting of a bypass device according to the first embodiment.

[144] Instead of a frame 83 an essay can be used. In an embodiment not shown here, the slider device 74 and the slotted tube 76 may then be provided together with the stepper motor 104 and possibly also with the associated part of the controller in an essay. The control for the stepping motor of the slider device 74 is then connected via contacts in the attachment and in the rear wall 52 with the control of the air exchange device 1.

[145] FIG. 17 shows a bypass device according to a further exemplary embodiment. Here, a perforated tube 76 'is provided between the outside air inlet opening 56 and the 4. In the perforated tube 76 ', a pivotable flap 90 is mounted, which is designed in the manner of a throttle valve. Furthermore, an inner air outlet opening 54 is provided in the rear wall 52, which can be closed by a rotatable aperture 92.

[146] Holes 94 of the perforated tube 76 'are in the airflow past the hinged flap and near the rear wall 52 along the circumference of the perforated tube 76'. The pivotable flap 90 is rotatable about an axis of rotation which is perpendicular to the axis of the tube. The axis of rotation is farther from the rear wall 52 than the holes 94, such that the pivotable flap 90 is fully air-flowed in front of the holes 94 up to a certain opening angle, for example 45 degrees. An outside air inlet port 56 is defined by a cross-section of the tube 76 which is in the air flow in front of the pivotable Flap 90 is located.

The pivotable flap 90 is pivotable between a horizontal position and a vertical position so that the pivotable flap 90 in a bypassed position closes the perforated tube 76 'on its cross section or partially closes it in a mixing position. The influx of outside air decreases when the hinged flap 90 is pivoted to the vertical position. Thus, an air passage from the outside air inlet port 56 to the air inlet port 4 at the rear wall 52 is partially closed.

[148] In the embodiment of FIG. 17, the inner air outlet opening is formed by a plurality of holes 95 in the rear wall 52. The holes 95 are arranged on a radius about an axis of rotation of the rotary aperture 92. The axis of rotation of the rotatable aperture is perpendicular to the rear wall 52. On the rotatable aperture 92 openings 96 are further provided. In Fig. 17, the bypass position of the rotary aperture 92 is shown, in which the openings 96 are located above the holes 95 and the holes 95 release. The movement of the rotatable aperture 92 in a closed position is indicated by an arrow 93. A not shown in Figure 17 flat box is placed on the rear wall 52. Similarly as shown in Figure 17, the flat box has an opening for the perforated tube 76 '.

[149] A cavity of the box comprises the holes 94 of the perforated tube 76 'and the holes 95 of the inner air outlet opening 54 and provides an air passage between the holes 95 of the inner air outlet opening 54 and the holes 94 of the perforated tube 76'. An inside air inlet portion 200 is defined by an area around the holes 95, and an inside air outlet portion 201 is defined by an area around the perforated tube 76 '.

[150] Figures 18 to 21 show further details of the perforated tube 76 ', the pivotal flap 90 mounted therein, and a pivotal flap actuator 90.

FIG. 18 shows a detail from FIG. 17, in which the axis of rotation 100 of the pivotable flap 90 is drawn.

[152] Fig. 19 shows the perforated tube, the hinged flap and an associated drive mechanism seen from the side of the rear wall 52. At the rear of the hinged flap 90, a semicircular toothed top 101 is provided. A gear 102 on an axis of a stepping motor 104 is mounted so that the gear 102 is engaged with the semicircular toothed cap 101. Arrows 98 indicate movement of the hinged flap 90 to an open position.

[153] FIG. 20 shows the elements depicted in FIG. 19 without the pivotable flap from a diagonally offset viewing angle. In Fig. 20, a bearing 105 of the pivotable flap is shown and a sealing ring 106. In the closed Position the pivotal flap 90 rests on the sealing ring 106 and thereby closes the outside air inlet opening 56th

Fig. 21 shows the pivotable flap 90 with the semicircular serrated attachment 101. The radius of the pivotable flap 90 corresponds to the radius of the perforated tube 76 '.

[155] Figures 22 and 23 show a rotatable shutter 59 'as shown in Figure 17. Here, the shape and number of holes 95 of the inner air outlet opening and the associated openings of the rotary shutter 92 of Figure 17 are different.

Fig. 22 shows a section of the rear wall 52, on which the inner air outlet opening and the rotatable diaphragm are provided. In Fig. 22, the inner air-round filter 6 is also shown.

[157] As shown in FIG. 23, the holes of the inside air outlet opening outside the inside air circular filter 6 are at a radius around the axis of the inside air circular filter 6. A stepping motor is located on the rear wall 52 on the axis of the inside air circular filter 6. An axis of the stepping motor 104 is passed through the rear wall 52 and connected to the rotatable shutter 92. The stepper motors 104 and 107 are driven by a motor controller. They can also be controlled independently of one another, for example to replace the exhaust air flap 38 and the supply air flap 39 from FIG. 9.

[158] During normal operation, the closure device comprising the rotatable bezel 92 and the pivotable flap 90 is in a closed position. In the closed position, the rotatable bezel 92 is in a closed position and the pivotable flap 90 is in a horizontal position. In the closed position of the closure device, the supply air fan 12 draws in the outside air via the perforated tube 76 'and the outside air supply pipe 16.

[159] In the bypass position and in the mixing position, the rotatable shutter 92 is rotated relative to the closed position, so that the holes 95 are released. This releases an air channel from the inner air outlet opening 54 'to the holes 94 of the perforated tube 76' and thus to the air inlet opening 4. The air flow through the air duct is marked in FIG. 17 by an arrow 69. In the mixing position, the pivotable flap 90 is located between the horizontal and vertical positions and partially exposes the outside air inlet port 56. In the bypass position, the pivotable flap 90 is in the vertical position and closes the outside air inlet opening 56.

[160] Furthermore, in the mixing position, the fan power of supply air fan 12 is adapted to drive fan 8 so that a negative pressure in the interior is avoided or kept low.

[161] The pipes 76, 76 'for the supply air flow can be used as an extension of the outside air supply. Fork 16 and the tube 66 for the exhaust air flow may be formed as an extension of the outer air supply pipe 16 and the exhaust air outlet pipe 20. In particular, the tube 66 may be inclined downwardly for easier drainage of condensed water.

[162] When a box is used to form the bypass channel as shown in FIG. 13, it suffices to place only one frame 83 on the rear wall 52 instead of an attachment 50. However, an essay can be used.

[163] Instead of a frame 83, an essay can also be used. In an embodiment not shown here, the rotatable diaphragm 92 and the perforated tube 76 'with the pivotable flap 90 together with the stepper motors 104, 107 and possibly also with the associated part of the control can be provided in an essay. The control for the stepper motors 104, 107 is then connected via contacts in the attachment and in the rear wall 52 with the control of the air exchange device 1.

[164] The term air outlet opening 'includes an embodiment consisting of a plurality of individual openings, as shown for example in FIGS. 17, 22 and 23. Likewise, the other mentioned inlet and outlet openings may consist of several individual openings.

[165] The closing of an opening with respect to an air flow through a closure element is to be understood more generally as meaning that this opening is sealed off from the air flow without the closure element having to be located directly in front of the opening for this purpose. The partial closure of an opening with respect to an air flow through a closure element is to be understood as meaning that the air flow through the opening is reduced in relation to an open position of the closure element.

[166] An embodiment with a hinged flap 90 has several advantages. The hinged flap is compact and easy to assemble. During assembly, one can simply break out small pre-cut windows in the supply air pipe, insert the flap and fasten it (eg by gluing the fastening ring 106). The hinged flap 90 also has a small contact surface with sealing elements, and is therefore resistant to freezing.

[167] An embodiment in which the sucked inside air is sucked in behind the exhaust filter as shown in Figs. 11, 12, 17 - 23 has the advantage that the bypass air is cleaned and the air exchange device is not clogged.

[168] FIG. 28 shows the bypass device of FIG. 6 in the bypass position. An air flow from the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54 to the Zulufteinlassöffnung 4 is indicated by an arrow 69. As shown in Fig. 28, the web 62 is disposed on the shutter 59, that the sucked from the Innenluftauslassöffnung 54 air is deflected into the Zulufteinlassöffnung 4. For clarity, not all are shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 shown in this view visible parts of the air exchange device.

[169] FIG. 29 shows the bypass device of FIG. 6 in the closed position. The cylindrical attachment 65 closes the inner air outlet opening 54 in the closed position, so that only the fresh air from the outside air inlet opening 56 (not shown in FIG. 29) is sucked into the air inlet opening 4.

[170] list of reference numerals

[171] Fig. 1

[172] 1 air exchange device

[173] 2 heat exchangers

[174] 3 housings

[175] 4 Air intake opening

[176] 5 Outdoor air round filter cartridge, supply air filter

[177] 6 exhaust air round filter cartridge, exhaust air filter

[178] 7 exhaust fan housing

[179] 8 exhaust air fans

[180] 9 exhaust air outlet

[181] 10 funnels

[182] 11 Supply air fan housing

[183] 12 supply air fans

[184] 13 Supply air outlet

[185] Fig. 2

[186] 14 Supply fan

[187] 15 outer wall

[188] 16 outdoor air supply pipe

[189] Fig. 3

[190] 17 exhaust air inlet

[191] 18 exhaust air supply opening

[191] 19 exhaust fan

[193] 20 exhaust air outlet pipe

[194] Fig. 4

[195] 22 supply air flow

[196] 23 exhaust air flow

[197] 24 Closure device

[198] 25 cold corner

[199] 38 exhaust air damper

[200] 39 Supply air flap

[201] 43 Chamber

[202] FIG. 5 [203] 50 essay

[204] 51 Rear of the air exchange device

[205] 52 Rear wall of the air exchange device

[206] 54 indoor air outlet

[207] 55 closed area

[208] 56 outside air inlet opening of the attachment

[209] 57 Exhaust air outlet opening of the attachment

[210] 58 Rotation axis of the aperture

[211] 59 aperture

[212] 60 Rotation of the aperture

[213] 61 hole for rod-shaped axis

[214] 62 footbridge

[215] 63 Inside of the essay 50

[216] 64 footbridge

[217] 65 cylindrical tower

[218] 66 tubes for exhaust air flow

[219] 67 exhaust air flow

[220] 68 outdoor air inflow

[221] 69 indoor air inflow

[222] 67 'exhaust air flow

[223] 68 'outside air inflow

[224] 69 'indoor air inflow

[225] Fig. 6-7

[226] see above

[227] Fig. 8

[228] 70 part of the stepper motor

[229] 71 Fixing screw

[230] 72 fixing screw

[231] Fig. 15 - 16

[232] 74 Slider device

[233] 75 opening for tube 76

[234] 76 tubes for supply air flow

[235] 77 slot in tube 76

[236] 78 slides

[237] 79 rectangular recess

[238] 80 Extension of the recess 79

[239] 81 rectangular area of the slide 78

[240] 82 semicircular area of the slider 78 [241] 83 frames

[242] 84 leadership

[243] 85 leadership

[244] 86 perforation

[245] 87 cylindrical attachment

[246] 88 Movement direction of the slider

[247] Fig. 17

[248] 76 'perforated tube

[249] 90 hinged flap

[250] 92 rotatable bezel

[251] 93 Movement in closed position

[252] 94 holes of the perforated tube 76 '

[253] 95 holes of the inside air inflow port 54

[254] 96 openings of the rotary aperture 92

[255] 98 Movement in open position

[256] 100 axis of rotation of the hinged flap

[257] 101 semicircular serrated attachment

[258] 102 gear

[259] 104 stepper motor

[260] 105 Storage

[261] 106 sealing ring

[262] 107 stepper motor

[263] Fig. 24

[264] 110 first decision step

[265] 111 second decision step

[266] 112 step

[267] 113 step

[268] 114 step

[269] 115 step

[270] 116 step

[271] Fig. 25

[272] 110 'first decision step

[273] 111 'second decision step

[274] 112 'step

[275] 113 'step

[276] 114 'step

[277] 115 'step

[278] 116 'step [279] 118 step

[280] 119 third decision step

[281] Fig. 26

[282] 121 step

[283] 122 first decision step

[284] 123 second decision step

[285] 124 step

[286] 125 third decision step

[287] 126 step

[288] 127 step

[289] 128 step

[290] Fig. 27

[291] 121 'step

[292] 123 'step

[293] 124 'step

[294] 125 'step

[295] 129 step

[296] 130 step

[297] 131 step

[298] 200 indoor air inlet area

[299] 201 indoor air outlet area

[300] 202 exhaust air supply area

Claims

claims

[Claim 1] Additional device with a housing for mounting on an air exchange device (1) with a heat exchanger, characterized in that the housing has an outside air inlet opening (56) and a closure device with a shutter (59; 78; 92.) Movable between a closed position and a bypass position ), wherein in the closed position the closure device releases an outside air inlet opening (56), partially releases the outside air inlet opening (56) in a mixing position and closes the outside air inlet opening (56) in the bypass position, and wherein an inside air inlet area (200) connects to one Inner Luftauslassöffnung (54) of the air exchange device (1) and an inner air outlet area (201) for connection to a Zulufteinlassöffnung (4) of the air exchange device (1) are provided, wherein the aperture (59; 78; 92) in the bypass position an air duct between the inside air inlet area (200) and the inside air outlet region (201) produces and further wherein the diaphragm (59; 78; 92) closes this air duct in the closed position.

[Claim 2] An air exchange device comprising a housing (3) having a heat exchanger (2) and further having the following features:

an inner air outlet opening (54), which is connected to an exhaust air supply region (202) of the heat exchanger (1) and in whose region an exhaust air filter (6) is provided,

a supply air inlet opening (4), in the region of which a supply air filter (5) is provided,

an outside air inlet opening (56),

a closure device with an aperture (59; 78; 92) movable between a closed position and a bypass position, wherein the closure device releases the outside air inlet opening (56) in the closed position, partially releases the outside air inlet opening (56) in a mixing position and the outside air inlet opening in the bypass position (56) closes, wherein the shutter (59; 78; 92) in the closed position closes an air passage between the Innenluftauslassöffnung (54) and the Zulufteinlassöffnung (4), and further wherein the aperture (59; 78; 92) in the bypass position the Air duct opens.

[Claim 3] Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the diaphragm (59; 78) also releases a second air channel between the inlet air inlet opening (4) and the outside air inlet opening (56) in the closed position and the diaphragm (59; 78) closes the second air channel in the bypass position.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the diaphragm (59; 78; 92) is designed as a rotatable diaphragm (59) with a cylindrical attachment (65), and wherein the cylindrical attachment (65) in the Closed position closes an air passage between the Innenluftauslassöffnung (54) and the Zulufteinlassöffnung (4).

Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shutter (59; 78; 92) is designed as a slide (78) in a slide device and the slide (78) releases a slotted tube in the closed position and in the bypass position closes the slotted tube.

Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the shutter (59; 78; 92) is designed as a rotatable shutter (92), and the rotatable shutter (92) in the closed position holes (95) which a Zuluft round filter (6) are arranged around, closes and the rotatable aperture (92) in the bypass position, the holes (95) opens.

Device according to one of claims 1, 2 or 6, characterized in that as part of the closure device, a pivotable flap (90) is provided which has a second air channel between the inlet air inlet opening (4) and the outside air inlet opening (56) releases in the closed position and closes the second air channel in the bypass position.

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diaphragm (59; 78; 92) is moved by a stepping motor.

[Anspruch9] Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Innenluftauslassöffnung is arranged in the air stream behind an exhaust filter.

[Claim 10] Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the bypass position, the power of a supply air fan (12) in relation to the performance of an exhaust air fan (8) is adjusted so that a through the supply fan ( 12) funded supply air amount per time is substantially equal to one of the exhaust air fan (8) promoted exhaust air flow per time.

[Anspruchl l] Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that further comprises a temperature sensor is provided in the air exchange device.

[Claim 12] A method for frost prevention of a heat exchanger of an air exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the following steps:

- Change to a frost protection operation;

- Detecting the exhaust air temperature of an exhaust air flow near a cold corner of the heat exchanger (2); upon detecting an exhaust air temperature which is less than a predetermined first limit value,

- Opening the inside air outlet opening (54)

Closing the outside air inlet opening (56),

- Detecting the exhaust air temperature of an exhaust air flow near a cold corner of the heat exchanger (2); upon detecting a temperature of the exhaust air that is greater than a predetermined second threshold

- Opening the air inlet opening (4) by M step units of a stepper motor

- Detecting the exhaust air temperature of an exhaust air flow near a cold corner of the heat exchanger (2).

[Claim 13] Method for defrosting a heat exchanger (2) of an air exchange device according to one of Claims 1 to 11, comprising the following steps: when changing to normal operation,

- releasing an air passage from the air intake port (4) to the outside air intake port (56);

Closing an air duct from the inside air outlet opening (54) to the air inlet opening (4); such as during a defrosting operation,

Switching on a sensor which generates a sensor signal,

- Check for signs of icing of the heat exchanger (2) by means of the sensor signal; if there is no indication of icing,

- Change to normal operation; if there is any indication of icing

- Detecting the exhaust air temperature of an exhaust air flow near a cold corner of the heat exchanger (2); upon detection of an exhaust air temperature which is less than a predetermined first limit value,

Closing the air inlet opening (4);

- Opening the Innenluftauslassöffnung (54);

- Check for signs of icing of the heat exchanger; upon detecting an exhaust air temperature that is greater than a predetermined second threshold

Opening the air inlet opening (4) by M step units of a stepper motor,

Closing the inner air outlet opening by M step units of a stepper motor;

- Check for signs of icing of the heat exchanger.

[Claim 14] The method of claim 12 or claim 13, further comprising

- Detecting the temperature of the exhaust air, which is sucked in with the exhaust fan (8) in the exhaust air supply region (202);

- Detecting the temperature of the outside air, which is sucked with the supply air fan (12) from the outside;

- Determining the ratio of supply air to exhaust air based on the detected exhaust air temperature in the exhaust air supply area and based on the detected outside temperature, and adjusting the power ratio of Zuluftlüfer to exhaust air, so that the determined ratio of supply air to exhaust air is close to one.

[Claim 15] A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the test for icing is based on a measurement of a

Power consumption of the exhaust air fan is done with a sensor.