WO2010143742A1 - 液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010143742A1 WO2010143742A1 PCT/JP2010/060153 JP2010060153W WO2010143742A1 WO 2010143742 A1 WO2010143742 A1 WO 2010143742A1 JP 2010060153 W JP2010060153 W JP 2010060153W WO 2010143742 A1 WO2010143742 A1 WO 2010143742A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light source
- liquid crystal
- light
- film
- crystal display
- Prior art date
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0045—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide
- G02B6/0046—Tapered light guide, e.g. wedge-shaped light guide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device used for a liquid crystal television, a liquid crystal monitor, a personal computer, and the like.
- liquid crystal display devices are rapidly expanding as thin display devices used in liquid crystal televisions, liquid crystal monitors, personal computers, and the like.
- market for liquid crystal televisions is remarkably expanding, and the demand for cost reduction is very high.
- a normal liquid crystal display device includes a surface light source using a cold cathode tube or an LED, a light diffusion plate, one or more diffusion sheets, a light collecting sheet, and a liquid crystal panel on which a polarizing plate is bonded.
- a surface light source using a cold cathode tube or an LED a light diffusion plate, one or more diffusion sheets, a light collecting sheet, and a liquid crystal panel on which a polarizing plate is bonded.
- a method of directly bonding a condensing prism sheet to one surface of a polarizing plate disposed between a liquid crystal cell constituting a liquid crystal panel and a surface light source for example, JPH11-295714-A and JP2008) -262132-A
- a method using a condensing prism sheet for example, JP2008-262132-A and JP2005-17355-A
- the technique which reduces a number of parts except a some member is known.
- the light condensing function expected from the sheet member may depend on the light emission characteristics of the surface light source used. In some cases, the display characteristics such as luminance and contrast are deteriorated due to insufficient display.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having high luminance and contrast and excellent display characteristics.
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device including a surface light source and a liquid crystal panel provided on the surface light source and including a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate laminated on the surface of the liquid crystal cell on the surface light source side.
- the polarizing plate includes a polarizing film and a prism sheet having a surface composed of prismatic protrusions laminated on the surface of the polarizing film via an adhesive layer. The sheet is disposed such that the surface formed by the prismatic protrusions faces the surface light source.
- the light intensity distribution of the emitted light from the surface light source in a plane orthogonal to the ridge line direction of the prismatic protrusion is expressed by the following formula (1): A2 / A1> 10 (1) It satisfies.
- A1 in the above formula (1) is defined by the normal direction of the light emission surface of the surface light source and the emission direction of the emitted light of the surface light source in a plane perpendicular to the ridge line direction of the prism-shaped protrusion.
- the angle is the exit angle ⁇ (where 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 °)
- the exit angle ⁇ is the average light intensity of the exit light within the range of 0 ° to x
- A2 is the exit angle ⁇ is x It is the average light intensity of outgoing light within a range of ⁇ 80 °.
- ⁇ in the above formula (2) represents the apex angle of the prismatic protrusion
- n represents the refractive index of the prismatic protrusion
- the surface light source preferably includes a light guide plate and a light source device disposed on the side of the light guide plate.
- the light source device is a light source device composed of a light source device in which point light sources are arranged in a line or a rod-like light source, and the light source device and the prism sheet are parallel or substantially parallel to the ridge line of the light source device and the prismatic protrusion. It is preferable to arrange so that.
- the surface light source preferably has one light source device arranged on one side of the light guide plate or two light source devices arranged on two sides facing the light guide plate.
- the apex angle ⁇ of the prismatic protrusion is preferably 60 ° or more.
- the cross-sectional shape of the prismatic protrusion is preferably an isosceles triangle.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is thin, has high brightness and contrast, and has excellent display characteristics.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be suitably applied as a liquid crystal display device for a large-screen liquid crystal television, in particular, a liquid crystal display device for a liquid crystal television that can be wall-mounted.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a light intensity distribution (luminance distribution) of the liquid crystal display device manufactured in Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a light intensity distribution (luminance distribution) of a liquid crystal display device manufactured in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a light intensity distribution (luminance distribution) of the liquid crystal display device manufactured in Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a light intensity distribution (luminance distribution) of a liquid crystal display device manufactured in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a preferred example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- a liquid crystal display device 100 shown in FIG. 1 according to the present invention includes a light source plate 21 and a surface light source 20 including a light source device 21 that is disposed on the side of the light guide plate 22 and along one side of the light guide plate 22.
- the liquid crystal panel 10 is disposed on the surface light source 20.
- the liquid crystal panel 10 includes a liquid crystal cell 3, a polarizing plate 1 that is a back side polarizing plate laminated on the surface of the liquid crystal cell 3 on the surface light source 20 side, and a front side polarized light laminated on the viewing side surface of the liquid crystal cell 3.
- the polarizing plate 2 is a plate.
- the polarizing plate 1 and the polarizing plate 2 are bonded to the liquid crystal cell 3 through the adhesive layer 17.
- a polarizing plate 1 which is a back side polarizing plate is a surface (hereinafter referred to as a prism surface) composed of a polarizing film 12 and a prism-shaped protrusion 13a laminated on the surface light source 20 side surface of the polarizing film 12 with an adhesive layer 14 interposed therebetween. And a resin film 15 laminated on the surface of the polarizing film 12 via the adhesive layer 16. The polarizing plate 1 is bonded to the liquid crystal cell 3 on the resin film 15 side.
- the liquid crystal cell 3 and the polarizing plate 1 are arranged such that the surface of the polarizing film 12 opposite to the surface on which the prism sheet 13 is laminated faces the liquid crystal cell 3, that is, the prism sheet 13
- the prism surface forms a surface light source side surface of the liquid crystal panel 10 and is bonded so that the prism surface faces the surface light source 20.
- the back side polarizing plate does not need to have such a resin film, and is the structure by which the polarizing film 12 is directly bonded to the liquid crystal cell 3 through an adhesive layer etc. Also good.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device using a back-side polarizing plate having a prism sheet laminated on the surface of a polarizing film via an adhesive layer.
- the surface has a specific light emission characteristic, specifically a light distribution characteristic (how much light is emitted in which direction) in relation to the configuration of the prismatic protrusions of the prism sheet.
- a light source is applied.
- ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is a liquid crystal display device using the back side polarizing plate which has a prism sheet, Comprising: A brightness
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel in which a thinned polarizing plate is bonded to the back side of the liquid crystal cell, and thus has sufficient mechanical strength while supporting thinning. Since the prism sheet is disposed on the back side of the liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal panel and the surface light source are prevented from coming into close contact with each other, thereby improving the display characteristics.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a preferred example of the back-side polarizing plate used in the present invention, and the configuration thereof is the same as that of the polarizing plate 1 in FIG. 1 (reference numerals are also the same).
- the back side polarizing plate used in the present invention was laminated on the polarizing film 12 and one surface (surface light source side surface) of the polarizing film 12 via the adhesive layer 14.
- a prism sheet 13 having a surface (prism surface) composed of the prismatic protrusions 13a.
- the back-side polarizing plate was laminated on the surface opposite to the surface on which the prism sheet 13 was laminated (surface on the liquid crystal cell side) via the adhesive layer 16 like the polarizing plate 1 shown in FIG.
- a resin film 15 may be provided.
- the polarizing film 12 used for the back polarizing plate is obtained by adsorbing and orienting a dichroic dye on a uniaxially stretched polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- a saponified polyvinyl acetate resin can be used as the polyvinyl alcohol resin constituting the polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- Polyvinyl acetate resins include polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and other monomers copolymerizable therewith, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. Etc.
- Examples of other monomers copolymerizable with vinyl acetate include unsaturated carboxylic acids, olefins, vinyl ethers, unsaturated sulfonic acids, and acrylamides having an ammonium group.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is usually about 85 to 100 mol%, preferably 98 mol% or more.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be modified, for example, polyvinyl formal modified with aldehydes, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl butyral, and the like can be used.
- the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is usually about 1000 to 10000, and preferably about 1500 to 5000.
- a film obtained by forming such a polyvinyl alcohol resin is used as an original film of a polarizing film.
- the method for forming the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is not particularly limited, and can be formed by a conventionally known appropriate method.
- the film thickness of the raw film made of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is not particularly limited, but is, for example, about 10 to 150 ⁇ m.
- a polarizing film is usually a process of dyeing an original film made of polyvinyl alcohol resin as described above with a dichroic dye and adsorbing the dichroic dye (dyeing process), and the dichroic dye is adsorbed.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film is produced through a step of treating with a boric acid aqueous solution (boric acid treatment step) and a step of washing with water after the treatment with the boric acid aqueous solution (water washing treatment step).
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film is usually uniaxially stretched, but this uniaxial stretching may be performed before the dyeing treatment step or during the dyeing treatment step, It may be performed after the dyeing process.
- this uniaxial stretching may be performed before the boric acid treatment step or during the boric acid treatment step.
- atmosphere may be sufficient
- stretches in the state swollen with the solvent may be sufficient.
- the draw ratio is usually about 3 to 8 times.
- the dyeing of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film with the dichroic dye in the dyeing process is performed, for example, by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous solution containing the dichroic dye.
- the dichroic dye for example, iodine, a dichroic dye or the like is used.
- dichroic dyes include C.I. I. Dichroic direct dyes composed of disazo compounds such as DIRECT RED 39, dichroic direct dyes composed of trisazo, tetrakisazo compounds and the like are included.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-type resin film performs the immersion process to water before a dyeing process.
- iodine When iodine is used as the dichroic dye, a method of dyeing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous solution containing iodine and potassium iodide is usually employed.
- the content of iodine in this aqueous solution is usually 0.01 to 1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of water, and the content of potassium iodide is usually 0.5 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water. .
- the temperature of the aqueous solution used for dyeing is usually 20 to 40 ° C.
- the immersion time (dyeing time) in this aqueous solution is usually 20 to 1800 seconds.
- a method of immersing and dyeing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble dichroic dye is usually employed.
- the content of the dichroic dye in this aqueous solution usually, 1 ⁇ 10 -4 ⁇ 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -3 ⁇ 1 parts by weight, particularly preferably 1 ⁇ 10 - 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 parts by weight.
- This aqueous solution may contain an inorganic salt such as sodium sulfate as a dyeing assistant.
- the temperature of the dye aqueous solution used for dyeing is usually 20 to 80 ° C.
- the immersion time (dyeing time) in this aqueous solution is usually 10 to 1800 seconds. is there.
- the boric acid treatment step is performed by immersing a polyvinyl alcohol resin film dyed with a dichroic dye in a boric acid-containing aqueous solution.
- the amount of boric acid in the boric acid-containing aqueous solution is usually 2 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 12 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water.
- the boric acid-containing aqueous solution used in this boric acid treatment process preferably contains potassium iodide.
- the amount of potassium iodide in the boric acid-containing aqueous solution is usually 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 12 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of water.
- the immersion time in the boric acid-containing aqueous solution is usually 60 to 1200 seconds, preferably 150 to 600 seconds, and more preferably 200 to 400 seconds.
- the temperature of the boric acid-containing aqueous solution is usually 50 ° C. or higher, preferably 50 to 85 ° C., more preferably 60 to 80 ° C.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film after the boric acid treatment described above is washed with water, for example, by immersing it in water.
- the temperature of water in the water washing treatment is usually 5 to 40 ° C., and the immersion time is usually 1 to 120 seconds.
- a drying treatment is usually performed to obtain a polarizing film.
- the drying process can be performed using, for example, a hot air dryer or a far infrared heater.
- the temperature for the drying treatment is usually 30 to 100 ° C., preferably 50 to 80 ° C.
- the time for the drying treatment is usually 60 to 600 seconds, preferably 120 to 600 seconds.
- a polarizing film is obtained by subjecting the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film to uniaxial stretching, dyeing with a dichroic dye, boric acid treatment and water washing treatment.
- the thickness of this polarizing film is usually in the range of 5 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the prism sheet 13 used for the back-side polarizing plate has a surface (prism surface) composed of prism-shaped protrusions (prism-shaped protrusions 13a).
- the prism sheet 13 is laminated on the polarizing film 12 so that the surface opposite to the prism surface faces the polarizing film 12.
- a prism sheet 13 having a prism surface is disposed on the surface of the back-side polarizing plate, and the prism surface is opposed to a surface light source to be described later, thereby exiting from the light emitting surface of the surface light source (surface facing the prism surface).
- the direction of the emitted light can be changed intentionally (deflected).
- the outgoing light from the surface light source, particularly the outgoing light having directivity [the main outgoing direction is different from the normal direction of the light outgoing surface of the surface light source (the front direction of the liquid crystal display device).
- the emission direction of the emitted light can be deflected in the front direction of the liquid crystal display device by the prism sheet, thereby improving the brightness and contrast of the front surface of the liquid crystal display device.
- the prism sheet 13 also serves as a protective film for the polarizing film 12.
- the “prism-like protrusion” is a columnar shape indicated by a locus obtained by translating a triangular shape (which may include a substantially triangular shape including a curve in part, a sawtooth shape, etc.) perpendicularly to the triangular surface.
- a triangular shape which may include a substantially triangular shape including a curve in part, a sawtooth shape, etc.
- the prism surface refers to the prismatic protrusion on the columnar body.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the surface shape of the prism sheet, and the cross-sectional shape of the prism-shaped protrusion is an isosceles triangle.
- the apex angle (vertex angle) of the prismatic protrusion 13a of the prism sheet 13 can be set to, for example, 30 to 100 °.
- the emitted light from the surface light source, particularly the emitted light having directivity. Is more preferably 60 ° or more and 100 ° or less, and more preferably 60 ° or more and 80 ° or less in order to more efficiently deflect the light in the front direction of the liquid crystal display device.
- the height of the prismatic protrusion 13a can be set to 10 to 200 ⁇ m, for example. Further, the pitch of the prismatic protrusions 13a (the distance between the ridge lines of adjacent protrusions) is appropriately determined in consideration of the apex angle and height of the prismatic protrusions 13a, for example, 5 to 300 ⁇ m. it can.
- the two sides constituting the projection in the triangular cross section of the prismatic projection 13a may have the same length or different lengths, but at least the light source device of the surface light source used is When arranged on two sides facing each other of the light guide plate, it is preferable that the two sides have the same length. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the prismatic protrusion 13a is preferably an isosceles triangle. The heights of the plurality of prismatic protrusions 13a may all be the same or different. The shape of the groove formed between the protrusions may be a straight line or a curved line.
- polystyrene resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene
- polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resin and polyethylene naphthalate resin
- polyvinyl chloride resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resin and polyethylene naphthalate resin
- polyvinyl chloride resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resin and polyethylene naphthalate resin
- polycarbonate resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resin and polyethylene naphthalate resin
- norbornene resins such as polyurethane resins
- acrylic resins polymethyl methacrylate resins
- Synthetic polymers such as polystyrene resin, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, natural diacetate resin, cellulose triacetate resin, etc.
- Polymers can be used.
- polyolefin resin polyacrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, polystyrene resin, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene Any one of a thermoplastic copolymer and an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer is suitable.
- These polymer materials can contain additives such as ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, and plasticizers as necessary.
- the prism sheet 13 is a known material such as a photopolymer process method, a profile extrusion method, a press molding method, an injection molding method, a roll transfer method, a laser ablation method, a mechanical cutting method, or a mechanical grinding method using the transparent polymer material as a base material. It can be manufactured by the method. Each of these methods may be used alone, or two or more methods may be combined.
- the thickness of the prism sheet 13 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 20 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of thinning the polarizing plate.
- a resin film 15 such as a protective film or an optical compensation film may be laminated on the surface of the polarizing film 12 opposite to the surface on which the prism sheet is laminated.
- the polarizing plate 1 is bonded to the liquid crystal cell via the adhesive layer laminated on the resin film 15.
- the optical functional film mentioned later can also be laminated
- the resin film 15 examples include cellulose resin films such as a triacetyl cellulose film (TAC film), polyolefin resin films, acrylic resin films, and polyester resin films such as polyethylene terephthalate.
- cellulose resin films such as a triacetyl cellulose film (TAC film), polyolefin resin films, acrylic resin films, and polyester resin films such as polyethylene terephthalate.
- TAC film triacetyl cellulose film
- acrylic resin films acrylic resin films
- polyester resin films such as polyethylene terephthalate.
- Examples of the cellulose-based resin constituting the cellulose-based resin film include a partially esterified product or a completely esterified product of cellulose, such as cellulose acetate ester, propionate ester, butyrate ester, and mixed esters thereof. Can be mentioned. More specifically, triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate and the like can be mentioned. When such a cellulose resin is formed into a film, a known method such as a solvent casting method or a melt extrusion method is appropriately used.
- Examples of commercially available cellulose ester resin films include “Fujitac TD80” (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.), “Fujitac TD80UF” (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.), and “Fujitac TD80UZ” (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.). , “KC8UX2M” (manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto), “KC8UY” (manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto), and the like.
- an optical compensation film comprising a cellulose resin film
- a film containing a compound having a retardation adjusting function in the cellulose resin film a compound having a retardation adjusting function is applied to the surface of the cellulose resin film.
- a film obtained by uniaxially or biaxially stretching a cellulose resin film examples include “WV BZ 438” and “WV EA” manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd., “KC4FR-1” and “KC4HR” manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd. -1 "and the like.
- the thickness of the protective film or optical compensation film made of a cellulose resin film is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 20 to 90 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 30 to 90 ⁇ m.
- the thickness is less than 20 ⁇ m, it is difficult to handle the film.
- the thickness exceeds 90 ⁇ m, the workability is inferior, and it is disadvantageous in reducing the thickness and weight of the resulting polarizing plate. .
- the optical compensation film made of the polyolefin resin film examples include a uniaxially stretched or biaxially stretched cycloolefin resin film.
- a stretched product of a cycloolefin-based resin film has optical characteristics and durability. It is suitable also from this point.
- the cycloolefin resin film is a film made of a thermoplastic resin having a unit of a monomer made of a cyclic olefin (cycloolefin) such as norbornene or a polycyclic norbornene monomer.
- the cycloolefin-based resin film may be a hydrogenated product of a ring-opening polymer using a single cycloolefin or a hydrogenated product of a ring-opening copolymer using two or more cycloolefins. And an addition copolymer of a chain olefin and / or an aromatic compound having a vinyl group. Further, those having a polar group introduced into the main chain or side chain are also effective.
- thermoplastic cycloolefin-based resins are “Topas” sold by TOPAS ADVANCED POLYMERS GmbH in Germany, “Arton” sold by JSR Corporation, and Nippon Zeon Corporation. There are “ZEONOR” and “ZEONEX”, “APEL” (both trade names) sold by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., and the like, which can be preferably used.
- a cycloolefin resin film can be obtained by forming such a cycloolefin resin.
- a film forming method a known method such as a solvent casting method or a melt extrusion method is appropriately used.
- the thickness of the optical compensation film made of the stretched cycloolefin-based resin film is too thick, the workability will be inferior, and the transparency will be lowered, and it will be disadvantageous in reducing the thickness and weight of the polarizing plate. Therefore, the thickness is preferably about 20 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the back side polarizing plate used in the present invention can be obtained by laminating the prism sheet on one surface of the polarizing film described above using an adhesive.
- stacked through the adhesive bond layer 14 on the surface of the polarizing film 12 is obtained.
- the resin film 15 is laminated on the other surface of the polarizing film 12, the polarizing film 12 and the resin film 15 are similarly bonded using an adhesive.
- This adhesive forms the adhesive layer 16.
- the adhesive used for bonding the prism sheet 13 and the adhesive used for bonding the resin film 15 may be the same type of adhesive, Different types of adhesives may be used. Examples of the adhesive used for laminating these films include a water-based adhesive, that is, an adhesive in which an adhesive component is dissolved or dispersed in water and a photocurable adhesive.
- the aqueous adhesive is preferably used in that the adhesive layer can be thinned.
- the water-based adhesive include a water-based adhesive using a polyvinyl alcohol resin or a urethane resin as an adhesive component.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin is not only partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol and completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol, but also carboxyl group-modified polyvinyl alcohol, acetoacetyl group-modified polyvinyl alcohol, and methylol group-modified polyvinyl. It may be a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin such as alcohol and amino group-modified polyvinyl alcohol.
- the water-based adhesive having a polyvinyl alcohol resin as an adhesive component is prepared as an aqueous solution of a polyvinyl alcohol resin.
- the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol resin in the adhesive is usually about 1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably about 1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.
- a curable component such as glyoxal or a water-soluble epoxy resin or a cross-linking agent
- an adhesive having a polyvinyl alcohol resin as an adhesive component in order to improve adhesiveness.
- water-soluble epoxy resins include polyamide polyamine epoxy resins obtained by reacting epichlorohydrin with polyamide polyamines obtained by reaction of polyalkylene polyamines such as diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine with dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid. Can be suitably used.
- the addition amount of the curable component and the crosslinking agent is less than 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, the effect of improving adhesiveness tends to be reduced, and the curable component, When the addition amount of the crosslinking agent exceeds 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin, the adhesive layer tends to become brittle.
- a urethane resin When a urethane resin is used as the adhesive component, examples of suitable adhesive compositions include a mixture of a polyester ionomer type urethane resin and a compound having a glycidyloxy group.
- the polyester ionomer type urethane resin is a urethane resin having a polyester skeleton, and a small amount of an ionic component (hydrophilic component) is introduced into the skeleton.
- an ionomer-type urethane resin is suitable as a water-based adhesive because it is emulsified directly in water without using an emulsifier to form an emulsion.
- Polyester-based ionomer urethane resins are known per se.
- JP-A-7-97504 describes an example of a polymer dispersant for dispersing a phenol-based resin in an aqueous medium.
- a mixture of a polyester ionomer type urethane resin and a compound having a glycidyloxy group is used as an adhesive, and a polarizing film made of a polyvinyl alcohol resin is used as a cycloolefin resin. It is shown that a resin film is bonded.
- a generally known method may be used as a method of applying an adhesive to the polarizing film and / or a member (prism sheet, protective film or optical compensation film) bonded to the polarizing film.
- a casting method a Meyer bar may be used. Examples thereof include a coating method, a gravure coating method, a comma coater method, a doctor blade method, a die coating method, a dip coating method, and a spraying method.
- the casting method is a method of spreading and spreading an adhesive on the surface of a film to be coated while moving it in a substantially vertical direction, a substantially horizontal direction, or an oblique direction between the two.
- Film bonding using nip rolls is, for example, a method in which an adhesive is applied and then pressurized with a roll or the like to spread uniformly, and after applying an adhesive, it is passed between the rolls and pressed.
- a method of spreading out can be employed.
- the plurality of rolls may be made of the same material or different materials.
- the polarizing plate can be obtained by drying and curing the adhesive layer.
- This drying treatment is performed, for example, by blowing hot air, and the temperature is usually in the range of 40 to 100 ° C., and preferably in the range of 60 to 100 ° C.
- the drying time is usually 20 to 1200 seconds.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer after drying is usually 0.001 to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.01 to 2 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the adhesive layer after drying is less than 0.001 ⁇ m, the adhesion may be insufficient, and if the thickness of the adhesive layer after drying exceeds 5 ⁇ m, the appearance of the polarizing plate is poor. May occur. In addition, it is preferable that the thickness of the adhesive bond layer after bonding using the said nip roll etc. before drying and hardening is 5 micrometers or less, and it is preferable that it is 0.01 micrometers or more.
- sufficient adhesive strength may be obtained by curing at room temperature or higher for at least half a day, usually 1 day or longer. Such curing is typically performed in a state of being wound in a roll.
- the preferable curing temperature is in the range of 30 to 50 ° C, more preferably 35 to 45 ° C. When the curing temperature exceeds 50 ° C., so-called “roll tightening” is likely to occur in the roll winding state.
- the humidity during curing is not particularly limited, but is preferably selected so that the relative humidity is in the range of about 0% RH to 70% RH.
- the curing time is usually about 1 to 10 days, preferably about 2 to 7 days.
- examples of the photocurable adhesive include a mixture of a photocurable epoxy resin and a photocationic polymerization initiator.
- examples of the photocurable epoxy resin include alicyclic epoxy resins, epoxy resins having no alicyclic structure, and mixtures thereof.
- the photocurable adhesive may contain an acrylic resin, an okitacene resin, a urethane resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, etc. in addition to the photocurable epoxy resin, and together with the photocationic polymerization initiator or the photocationic polymerization initiator. Instead of this, a radical photopolymerization initiator may be included.
- a photocurable adhesive When using a photocurable adhesive, a photocurable adhesive is applied to the polarizing film and / or a member (prism sheet, protective film, or optical compensation film) to be bonded to the polarizing film and the polarizing film and the same. After bonding the members to be combined, the photocurable adhesive is cured by irradiating active energy rays.
- the application method of a photocurable adhesive and the bonding method of a film can be made the same as that of an aqueous adhesive.
- the light source of the active energy ray is not particularly limited, but an active energy ray having a light emission distribution at a wavelength of 400 nm or less is preferable.
- the low-pressure mercury lamp, the medium-pressure mercury lamp, the high-pressure mercury lamp, the ultrahigh-pressure mercury lamp, the chemical lamp, and the black light lamp A microwave excitation mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp and the like are preferably used.
- the light irradiation intensity to the photocurable adhesive is appropriately determined depending on the composition of the photocurable adhesive and is not particularly limited, but the irradiation intensity in the wavelength region effective for activating the polymerization initiator is 0.1 to 6000 mW. / Cm 2 is preferable.
- the irradiation intensity is 0.1 mW / cm 2 or more, the reaction time does not become too long, and when it is 6000 mW / cm 2 or less, it is caused by heat radiated from the light source and heat generated during curing of the photocurable adhesive. There is little risk of yellowing of the epoxy resin and deterioration of the polarizing film.
- the light irradiation time to the photocurable adhesive is controlled for each photocurable adhesive to be cured and is not particularly limited.
- the integrated light amount expressed as the product of the irradiation intensity and the irradiation time is 10. It is preferably set to be ⁇ 10000 mJ / m 2 .
- the cumulative amount of light to the photocurable adhesive is 10 mJ / m 2 or more, a sufficient amount of active species derived from the polymerization initiator can be generated to allow the curing reaction to proceed more reliably, and 10,000 mJ / m 2. In the case of the following, the irradiation time does not become too long, and good productivity can be maintained.
- the polarizing film functions such as the degree of polarization, transmittance and hue of the polarizing film, and transparency of the prism sheet, protective film and optical compensation film do not deteriorate. It is preferable to perform curing under conditions.
- the plasma treatment, corona, and the like are performed on the bonding surface of the polarizing film and / or a member bonded to the polarizing film.
- Surface treatment such as treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, flame (flame) treatment, and saponification treatment may be performed.
- the saponification treatment include a method of immersing in an aqueous alkali solution such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
- the back side polarizing plate may have an optical functional film laminated on the surface of the polarizing film 12 opposite to the surface on which the prism sheet 13 is laminated.
- an optical functional film for example, an optical compensation film in which a liquid crystal compound is coated on a substrate surface and oriented; a reflection type that transmits polarized light of some kind and reflects polarized light that shows the opposite property Polarizing film; Retardation film made of polycarbonate-based resin; Retardation film made of cycloolefin-based resin film; Film with anti-glare function having uneven shape on surface; Film with surface anti-reflection function; Reflecting film having reflection function on surface And a transflective film having both a reflection function and a transmission function.
- the retardation film which consists of a cycloolefin type resin film for example, "Arton film” (made by JSR Corporation), “Essina” (made by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), “Zeonor film” (Nippon ZEON Co., Ltd.).
- the back side polarizing plate preferably has an adhesive layer for bonding to the liquid crystal cell on the surface opposite to the prism sheet.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive used for such a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer conventionally known appropriate pressure-sensitive adhesives can be used, and examples thereof include acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives, urethane pressure-sensitive adhesives, and silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives. Among these, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably used from the viewpoints of transparency, adhesive strength, reliability, reworkability, and the like.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be provided by a method in which such a pressure-sensitive adhesive is, for example, an organic solvent solution, which is applied on a base film (for example, a polarizing film) by a die coater or a gravure coater and dried. Moreover, it can provide also by the method of transcribe
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 2 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the front side polarizing plate (polarizing plate 2 in FIG. 1) is a polarizing plate disposed on the opposite side (viewing side) from the surface light source with reference to the liquid crystal cell.
- a conventionally well-known appropriate polarizing plate can be used as the front side polarizing plate.
- a polarizing plate subjected to an antiglare treatment, a hard coat treatment, or an antireflection treatment can be used.
- surface of the polarizing film may be laminated
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a surface light source 20 for uniformly illuminating a liquid crystal panel.
- the function of the prism sheet (the function of deflecting the light emitted from the surface light source and correcting the direction of the light emitted from the prism-shaped projection to the front direction of the liquid crystal display device) is maximized.
- a surface light source having a specific light emission characteristic (light distribution characteristic) is used, and specifically, the following formula (1): A2 / A1> 10 (1) It satisfies.
- A1 in the above formula (1) is the normal direction T of the light emitting surface of the surface light source in the plane W orthogonal to the ridge line direction of the prismatic protrusions of the prism sheet,
- the angle formed by the emission direction M of the outgoing light of the surface light source is the outgoing angle ⁇ (where 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 °)
- A2 is the average light intensity of the outgoing light whose outgoing angle ⁇ is in the range of x to 80 °.
- the emission angle ⁇ of the light emitted from the light emitting surface of the surface light source is larger than x
- the incident light incident on the prism-like projection is condensed by total reflection by the hypotenuse P of the prism-like projection, and the liquid crystal display device Is bent in the front direction (normal direction T of the light emitting surface of the surface light source) (see FIG. 5C), which contributes to the improvement of luminance and contrast in the front direction of the liquid crystal display device.
- A2 / A1 in the above formula (1) is a result of being bent in a direction away from the normal direction T of the light emitting surface of the surface light source by the prism sheet, out of the emitted light emitted from the surface light source, and thus the front direction of the liquid crystal display device Means the ratio of the light intensity (average light intensity A2) of the emitted light collected in the front direction of the liquid crystal display device by the prism sheet to the light intensity (average light intensity A1) of the emitted light not condensed on According to the examination of the person, when the ratio A2 / A1 exceeds 10, preferably 20, in the liquid crystal display device including the back-side polarizing plate using the prism sheet, sufficiently high brightness and contrast in the front direction can be obtained. all right.
- the upper limit of the emission angle ⁇ considered for calculating A2 is 80 ° because it is difficult to accurately measure the light intensity at an angle exceeding 80 ° and is not practical.
- A1 and A2 measure the luminance of the surface light source over a range of 0 ° to 80 ° with respect to the normal direction T of the light emitting surface of the surface light source, and average values of luminance in the range of 0 ° to x, It can be obtained by determining the average value of the luminance in the range of 80 °.
- the plane W orthogonal to the ridge line direction of the prism-shaped protrusion a plurality of planes can be adopted.
- at least one plane W satisfies the above formula (1). It only has to be.
- a direct light source using a diffusing plate, an edge light source using a light guide plate, or the like can be used.
- an edge-type light source surface light source 20
- the light guide plate 22 for example, a flat plate or wedge-shaped member made of a transparent resin such as an acrylic resin can be used.
- a pattern is added to the back surface or both surfaces of the light guide plate by screen printing using ink, etching, or blasting.
- a minute reflection element or a minute refraction element having a reflection function may be formed on the back surface or both surfaces of the light guide plate. Desired light distribution characteristics can be obtained by appropriately adjusting the shapes or elements of the back surface or both surfaces of these light guide plates. More specifically, for example, “Latest Liquid Crystal Backlight Technology Chapter 4” published by Toray Research Center Co., Ltd., and “LCD Backlight Technology, Volume 2, Chapter 1, Chapter 4” published by CM Publishing Co., Ltd. The light source device described in “Chapter 1” can be suitably used.
- the light source device 21 a light source device in which point light sources such as LEDs are arranged in a line or a light source device composed of a rod-like light source such as a cold cathode tube can be used.
- the surface light source may have one light source device arranged on one side of the light guide plate, or two light source devices arranged on two sides facing the light guide plate. You may do it.
- the edge type light source which includes a light source device in which point light sources are arranged in a line or a light source device including a rod-like light source, is arranged in parallel or substantially in parallel with the ridge line of the prism-shaped protrusions of the prism sheet.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention may further include a light diffusing plate, a light diffusing sheet, a reflecting plate, and the like.
- stacked on the polyethylene terephthalate film was obtained by peeling from a metal mold
- the refractive index of the prismatic protrusions of the prism sheet 2 was 1.54.
- composition of UV curable resin composition used in Production Example 4 45 parts by weight NK ester A-BPE-4 (Shin Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., ethylene oxide-modified bisphenol A diacrylate) 25 parts by weight Sartomer 285 (Sartomer Tetrahydroful) Furyl acrylate) 30 parts by weight Darocur 1173 (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one manufactured by Ciba) 3 parts by weight
- a polarizing plate having an excellent appearance was obtained.
- the curability of the ultraviolet curable adhesive which is an epoxy resin composition was good.
- the number of non-peeling cross cuts with respect to the number of formed cross cuts was 100/100, indicating good adhesion.
- An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was provided on the outer surface of the triacetyl cellulose film of the polarizing plate.
- Example 2 A polarizing plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the prism sheet 2 obtained in Production Example 4 was used instead of the prism sheet 1 obtained in Production Example 3, and then a liquid crystal display device was produced. When the display of the liquid crystal display device was visually observed, a bright image was obtained when viewed from the front, and the visibility was good.
- Example 1 In the same manner as in Example 1, except that the surface light source A (edge-type light source) surface light source B (used in the Flexscan EV2411W-H manufactured by Nanao Corporation) was used instead of the surface light source A, the liquid crystal was used. A display device was produced. When the display of the liquid crystal display device was visually observed, the image viewed from the front was dark, the contrast was low, and the visibility was poor.
- FIG. 7 shows a light intensity distribution of the surface light source B measured using EZContrast (ELXIM LX88W).
- the brightness and contrast of the liquid crystal display device were determined by measuring the center of the liquid crystal display device from the front in a dark room using EZContrast (ELXIM LX88W). 8 and 9 show the light intensity distribution (luminance distribution) of the liquid crystal display devices manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
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Abstract
Description
A2/A1>10 (1)
を満たすものである。
sinα/[sin(180°−α−2x)/2]=n (2)
の関係を満たす角度(°)である。
図2は、本発明で用いられる背面側偏光板の好ましい一例を示す概略断面図であり、その構成は、図1における偏光板1と同じである(参照符号も同じである)。図2に示される例のように、本発明で用いられる背面側偏光板は、偏光フィルム12と、偏光フィルム12の一方の表面(面光源側表面)に接着剤層14を介して積層された、プリズム状突起13aから構成される表面(プリズム面)を有するプリズムシート13とを少なくとも備える。背面側偏光板は、図2に示される偏光板1のように、プリズムシート13が積層される面とは反対側の面(液晶セル側の面)に接着剤層16を介して積層された樹脂フィルム15を備えていてもよい。
背面偏光板に用いられる偏光フィルム12は、具体的には、一軸延伸したポリビニルアルコール系樹脂フィルムに二色性色素を吸着配向させたものである。ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂フィルムを構成するポリビニルアルコール系樹脂としては、ポリ酢酸ビニル系樹脂をケン化したものを用いることができる。ポリ酢酸ビニル系樹脂としては、酢酸ビニルの単独重合体であるポリ酢酸ビニルの他、酢酸ビニルとこれに共重合可能な他の単量体との共重合体、たとえばエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体などが挙げられる。酢酸ビニルと共重合可能な他の単量体としては、たとえば不飽和カルボン酸類、オレフィン類、ビニルエーテル類、不飽和スルホン酸類、アンモニウム基を有するアクリルアミド類などが挙げられる。
いてもよい。二色性色素として二色性染料を用いる場合、染色に用いる染料水溶液の温度は、通常20~80℃であり、また、この水溶液への浸漬時間(染色時間)は、通常10~1800秒である。
背面側偏光板に用いられるプリズムシート13は、プリズム状の突起(プリズム状突起13a)から構成される表面(プリズム面)を有する。プリズムシート13は、プリズム面とは反対側の面が偏光フィルム12に対向するように、偏光フィルム12上に積層される。プリズム面を有するプリズムシート13を背面側偏光板の表面に配置し、該プリズム面を後述する面光源に対向させることにより、面光源の光出射面(プリズム面に対向する側の面)から出射された光の向きを意図的に変える(偏向する)ことができる。本発明によれば、面光源からの出射光、とりわけ指向性を有する出射光〔主たる出射方向が、面光源の光出射面の法線方向(液晶表示装置の正面方向)とは異なる方向である出射光〕の出射方向を、上記プリズムシートにより液晶表示装置の正面方向に偏向することが可能であり、これにより、液晶表示装置の正面の輝度およびコントラストを向上させることができる。なお、プリズムシート13は、偏光フィルム12の保護フィルムとしての役割をも果たす。
図2に示される例のように、偏光フィルム12におけるプリズムシートが積層される面とは反対側の面には、保護フィルムや光学補償フィルムなどの樹脂フィルム15を積層してもよい。この場合、偏光板1は、樹脂フィルム15上に積層した粘着剤層を介して液晶セルに貼合される。また、偏光フィルム12または、保護フィルムあるいは光学補償フィルム上に、接着剤層または粘着剤層を介して後述する光学機能性フィルムを積層することもできる。
市販のセルロース系樹脂フィルムからなる光学補償フィルムとしては、たとえば、富士フイルム(株)製の「WV BZ 438」、「WV EA」、コニカミノルタオプト(株)製の「KC4FR−1」、「KC4HR−1」などが挙げられる。
このようなシクロオレフィン系樹脂を製膜して、シクロオレフィン系樹脂フィルムを得ることができる。製膜方法としては、溶剤キャスト法、溶融押出法など、公知の方法が適宜用いられる。また、たとえば、積水化学工業(株)から販売されている「エスシーナ」および「SCA40」、日本ゼオン(株)から販売されている「ゼオノアフィルム」、JSR(株)から販売されている「アートンフィルム」(いずれも商品名)などの製膜されたシクロオレフィン系樹脂フィルムも市販されており、これらも好適に使用することができる。
ポリエステル系アイオノマー型ウレタン樹脂それ自体は公知であり、たとえば特開平7−97504号公報には、フェノール系樹脂を水性媒体中に分散させるための高分子分散剤の例として記載されており、また特開2005−070140号公報および特開2005−181817号公報には、ポリエステル系アイオノマー型ウレタン樹脂とグリシジルオキシ基を有する化合物との混合物を接着剤として、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂からなる偏光フィルムにシクロオレフィン系樹脂フィルムを貼合することが示されている。
接着剤を塗布した後、偏光フィルムおよびこれに貼合される部材を重ね合わせ、ニップロールなどにより挟んでフィルムの貼合を行なう。ニップロールを用いたフィルムの貼合は、たとえば、接着剤を塗布した後、ロールなどで加圧して均一に押し広げる方法、接着剤を塗布した後、ロールとロールとの間に通し、加圧して押し広げる方法などを採用することができる。前者の場合において、ロールの材質としては金属やゴムなどを用いることが可能である。また、後者の場合、複数のロールは同じ材質であってもよく、異なる材質であってもよい。
前面側偏光板(図1における偏光板2)は、液晶セルを基準に、面光源とは反対側(視認側)に配置される偏光板である。前面側偏光板としては、従来公知の適宜の偏光板を用いることができる。たとえば、偏光フィルムの片面または両面にトリアセチルセルロース等からなる保護フィルムが積層された偏光板のほか、防眩処理、ハードコート処理、反射防止処理が施された偏光板などを用いることができる。また、偏光フィルムの片面にポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム、アクリルフィルム、ポリプロピレンフィルムなどからなる保護フィルムまたは光学補償フィルムが積層された偏光板でもよい。
本発明の液晶表示装置は、液晶パネルを均一に照明するための面光源20を備える。本発明においては、面光源20として、プリズムシートの機能(面光源からの出射光を偏向して、プリズム状突起からの出射光の方向を液晶表示装置の正面方向に補正する機能)を最大限発揮させるために、特定の光出射特性(配光特性)を有する面光源が用いられ、具体的には、下記式(1):
A2/A1>10 (1)
を満たすものである。
sinα/[sin(180°−α−2x)/2]=n (2)
の関係を満たす角度(°)である。αは、プリズムシートが有するプリズム状突起の頂角を表し、nはプリズム状突起の屈折率を表す。
平均重合度約2400、ケン化度99.9モル%以上で厚み75μmのポリビニルアルコールフィルムを、30℃の純水に浸漬した後、ヨウ素/ヨウ化カリウム/水の重量比が0.02/2/100の水溶液に30℃で浸漬した。その後、ヨウ化カリウム/ホウ酸/水の重量比が12/5/100の水溶液に56.5℃で浸漬した。引き続き、8℃の純水で洗浄した後、65℃で乾燥して、ポリビニルアルコールにヨウ素が吸着配向された偏光フィルムを得た。延伸は、主に、ヨウ素染色およびホウ酸処理の工程で行ない、トータル延伸倍率は5.3倍であった。
ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製の水素化エポキシ樹脂である商品名「エピコートYX8000」(核水添ビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテルであって、約205g/当量のエポキシ当量を有する)10.0g、日本曹達(株)製の光カチオン重合開始剤である商品名「CI5102」4.0g、および、日本曹達(株)製の光増感剤である商品名「CS7001」1.0gを、100mlのディスポカップに量り取り、混合・脱泡することにより、紫外線硬化型接着剤を調製した。
成形後のプリズム状突起(断面形状は二等辺三角形である)のピッチが50μm、および頂角が65°となるように予め設計された金型に、溶融したポリプロピレン樹脂を塗布し、加熱しながら加圧した。ついで、金型から剥離後すぐに、60℃まで冷却し、ポリプロピレン樹脂からなるプリズムシート1を得た。いずれのプリズム状突起も設計通りの形状を有していた。プリズムシート1の屈折率は1.49であった。
成形後のプリズム状突起(断面形状は二等辺三角形である)のピッチが50μm、およびプリズム頂角が65°となるように予め設計された金型に、以下に示される組成を有する紫外線硬化型樹脂組成物を塗布し、その表面を平滑化した後、紫外線硬化型樹脂組成物からなる層の上に、厚さ188μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムを重ね合わせた。次いで、波長320~390nmの紫外線を、積算照射量が1000mJ/cm2となるように照射して、紫外線硬化型樹脂組成物を硬化させた。その後、金型から剥離することにより、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上にプリズム状突起を有する紫外線硬化型樹脂組成物の硬化物層が積層されたプリズムシート2を得た。いずれのプリズム状突起も設計通りの形状を有していた。プリズムシート2のプリズム状突起の屈折率は1.54であった。
ファンクリルFA−321M(日立化成社製 エチレンオキシド変性ビスフェノー
ルAメタクリレート) 45重量部
NKエステルA−BPE−4(新中村化学社製 エチレンオキシド変性ビスフェノー
ルAジアクリレート) 25重量部
サートマー285(サートマー社製 テトラヒドロフルフリルアクリレート)
30重量部
ダロキュアー1173(チバ社製 2−ヒドロキシ−2−メチル−1−フェニルプ
ロパン−1−オン) 3重量部
(a)偏光板の作製
製造例1で得た偏光フィルムの一方の面に、製造例3で得たプリズムシート1を、そのプリズム面とは反対側の面を貼合面として、製造例2で得た紫外線硬化型接着剤を介して貼合した。また、偏光フィルムの他方の面に、トリアセチルセルロースフィルム(80μm、コニカミノルタオプト社製)を、製造例2で得た紫外線硬化型接着剤を介して貼合した。次に、日本電池(株)製の紫外線照射装置(紫外線ランプは“HAL400NL”を80Wで使用し、照射距離は50cmとした)の中にライン速度1.0m/minで1回通過させ、良好な外観を有する偏光板を得た。エポキシ樹脂組成物である紫外線硬化型接着剤の硬化性は良好であった。また、プリズムシート1の密着性をJIS K 5400に記載の碁盤目法で評価したところ、形成した碁盤目の数に対する非剥離碁盤目数は100/100であり、良好な密着性を示した。この偏光板のトリアセチルセルロースフィルムの外面に、厚み25μmのアクリル系粘着剤の層を設けた。
上記偏光板をアクリル系粘着剤層を介して液晶セルの背面に配置し、液晶セルの前面には市販の偏光板を配置して液晶パネルを組み立てた。この液晶パネルを、導光板方式(エッジ型光源)の面光源A(ソニー社製VAIO VGN−FE32B/Wにて使用されているもの)と組み合わせて液晶表示装置を作製した。液晶表示装置の表示を目視にて観察したところ、正面から見て明るい画像が得られ、視認性は良好であった。EZContrast(ELDIM製 LX88W)を用いて測定した面光源Aの光強度分布を図6に示す。
製造例3で得たプリズムシート1の代わりに、製造例4で得たプリズムシート2を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、偏光板を作製し、ついで液晶表示装置を作製した。
液晶表示装置の表示を目視にて観察したところ、正面から見て明るい画像が得られ、視認性は良好であった。
面光源Aの代わりに、導光板方式(エッジ型光源)の面光源B(ナナオ社製Flexscan EV2411W−Hにて使用されているもの)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、液晶表示装置を作製した。液晶表示装置の表示を目視にて観察したところ、正面から見た画像は暗く、コントラストは低く、視認性は不良であった。EZContrast(ELDIM製 LX88W)を用いて測定した面光源Bの光強度分布を図7に示す。
製造例3で得たプリズムシート1の代わりに、製造例4で得たプリズムシート2を用いたこと以外は比較例1と同様にして、液晶表示装置を作製した。液晶表示装置の表示を目視にて観察したところ、正面から見た画像は暗く、コントラストは低く、視認性は不良であった。
図8および図9に、実施例1および比較例1で作製した液晶表示装置の光強度分布(輝度分布)を示した。
3:液晶セル
10:液晶パネル
12:偏光フィルム
13:プリズムシート
13a:プリズム突起
14,16:接着剤層
15:樹脂フィルム
17:粘着剤層
20:面光源
21:光源装置
22:導光板
100:液晶表示装置
W:プリズム状突起の稜線方向に直交する平面
T:面光源の光出射面の法線方向
M:面光源の出射光の出射方向
θ:面光源の光出射面の法線方向と面光源の出射光の出射方向とがなす角度(出射角度)
P:プリズム状突起の斜辺
Claims (5)
- 面光源と、
前記面光源上に配置され、液晶セルおよび前記液晶セルの面光源側の面に積層される偏光板を備える液晶パネルと、
から構成される液晶表示装置であって、
前記偏光板は、偏光フィルムと、前記偏光フィルムの表面に接着剤層を介して積層される、プリズム状突起から構成される表面を有するプリズムシートを備え、
前記プリズムシートは、前記プリズム状突起から構成される表面が前記面光源に対向するように配置されており、
前記プリズム状突起の稜線方向に直交する平面内における、前記面光源の出射光の光強度分布が、下記式(1)を満たす液晶表示装置。
A2/A1>10 (1)
〔ここで、上記式(1)におけるA1は、前記平面内において、前記面光源の光出射面の法線方向と、前記面光源の出射光の出射方向とがなす角度を出射角度θ(ただし、0°≦θ≦90°)とするとき、出射角度θが0°~xの範囲内である出射光の平均光強度であり、A2は、出射角度θがx~80°の範囲内である出射光の平均光強度である。
xは、下記式(2)の関係を満たす角度(°)である。
sinα/[sin(180°−α−2x)/2]=n (2)
上記式(2)におけるαは、前記プリズム状突起の頂角を表し、nは、前記プリズム状突起の屈折率を表す。〕 - 前記面光源は、導光板と、前記導光板の側方に配置される光源装置とからなる請求の範囲1に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記光源装置は、点状の光源を線状に並べた光源装置または棒状の光源からなる光源装置であり、
前記光源装置と前記プリズムシートとは、前記光源装置と前記プリズム状突起の稜線が平行または略平行となるように配置される請求の範囲2に記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記光源装置は、前記導光板の一辺または向かいあう二辺に配置される請求の範囲1~3のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記プリズム状突起の頂角αは60°以上である請求の範囲1~4のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
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JP5363541B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-12-11 | 住友化学株式会社 | 導光板ユニット |
JP6202828B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-17 | 2017-09-27 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 液晶表示装置 |
JP6303281B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-08 | 2018-04-04 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 保護テープ、保護テープの製造方法、ダイシングテープ及びダイシングテープの製造方法 |
KR101802578B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-05 | 2017-11-29 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 편광판 및 이를 포함하는 액정표시장치 |
KR101854502B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-11 | 2018-05-04 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 광학시트 및 이를 포함하는 액정표시장치 |
KR101802579B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-11-29 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 광학시트 및 이를 포함하는 액정표시장치 |
JP6981090B2 (ja) * | 2017-08-09 | 2021-12-15 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 導光板、面光源装置及び表示装置 |
CN114167646A (zh) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-11 | 南京兰埔成新材料有限公司 | 一种背光显示用高遮蔽高透过低雾度背涂膜的制备方法 |
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JP2009109990A (ja) * | 2007-10-03 | 2009-05-21 | Rohm & Haas Denmark Finance As | 複数の斜面を有する転向膜 |
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