WO2010139156A1 - 具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置及其应用方法 - Google Patents

具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置及其应用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010139156A1
WO2010139156A1 PCT/CN2009/074982 CN2009074982W WO2010139156A1 WO 2010139156 A1 WO2010139156 A1 WO 2010139156A1 CN 2009074982 W CN2009074982 W CN 2009074982W WO 2010139156 A1 WO2010139156 A1 WO 2010139156A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cover
control circuit
toaster
microprocessor
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/074982
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张北
陈华金
Original Assignee
晶辉科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 晶辉科技(深圳)有限公司 filed Critical 晶辉科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to US12/998,465 priority Critical patent/US8921742B2/en
Priority to EP09845436.6A priority patent/EP2438817B1/en
Publication of WO2010139156A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010139156A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J37/00Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
    • A47J37/06Roasters; Grills; Sandwich grills
    • A47J37/08Bread-toasters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J37/00Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
    • A47J37/06Roasters; Grills; Sandwich grills
    • A47J37/08Bread-toasters
    • A47J37/0814Bread-toasters with automatic bread ejection or timing means
    • A47J37/0842Bread-toasters with automatic bread ejection or timing means with electronic timers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J37/00Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
    • A47J37/06Roasters; Grills; Sandwich grills
    • A47J37/08Bread-toasters
    • A47J37/0814Bread-toasters with automatic bread ejection or timing means
    • A47J37/085Bread-toasters with automatic bread ejection or timing means with means for sensing the bread condition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control device for a toaster cover having a fireproof function and an application method thereof.
  • the toaster is a small household appliance commonly used by households and units. Some traditional toasters have a lid, some have no lid, and the toaster with a lid is usually used as a baking oven. After the setting of the day, the cover is opened first, and then the bread is lifted by the bracket on the carriage. This kind of breaded bread oven will open regardless of whether the bread in the oven is on fire, and the cover is safe. Hidden dangers, such as: when the bread in the toaster is small, or for some reason, the bread is becoming longer, or because the bread is stuck and cannot be raised, the bread is always baked, etc. In the case where the bread is burnt and fired, if the cover is automatically opened, there is a possibility that the user may burn the other items in the home and cause a fire, which poses a great safety hazard.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a control device for a toaster cover having a fireproof function and an application method thereof
  • the technical problem to be solved is to bake in the toaster with a lid.
  • the lid of the toaster is kept closed, so that the flames in the furnace will not fall out and hurt the user and The purpose of causing a fire.
  • a control device for a toaster cover having a fireproof function comprising a cover carriage or a cover opening and closing mechanism and a power switch disposed in the toaster And a cover switch and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is provided with a microprocessor, an output port of the control circuit is connected with a triode, and the control circuit is further connected with a sensor.
  • the sensor of the present invention is disposed on a side insulation panel or a front and rear heat insulation panel beside the heating tank of the toaster, or at a position near the top of the heating tank.
  • the sensor of the present invention is a temperature controller with a negative temperature coefficient or a bimetal temperature controller or infrared Temperature Sensor.
  • the application method of the control device for the toaster cover having the fireproof function according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the microprocessor detects whether the toaster is connected to the heating power supply. If it is judged that the heating power is turned on, the microprocessor starts counting; the sensor starts to detect the temperature of the baking oven and stores it;
  • the microprocessor compares the measured temperature of the sensor with the set temperature. When the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the microprocessor determines that the toaster is overheated and sends a signal to the control circuit.
  • the sensor continues to detect the temperature of the toaster, the microprocessor compares the measured temperature of the sensor with the set temperature, and sends a signal to the control circuit when the temperature is lower than the set temperature;
  • the microprocessor sends a signal to the control circuit, which switches the bread carriage up.
  • the bread oven of the present invention is further provided with a bread carriage detecting device and a lid detecting device.
  • the detecting elements of the bread carriage detecting device and the lid detecting device of the present invention are switches or magnetic switches or infrared emitting and receiving diodes, and the detecting elements of the bread carriage detecting device are disposed beside the passage of the bread carriage.
  • the detecting element of the cover detecting device is disposed beside the passage of the cover carriage or beside the cover assembly.
  • the application method of the control device for the toaster cover having the fireproof function according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the control circuit switches to turn on the heating power supply; [26] (6)
  • the microprocessor detects whether the toaster is connected to the heating power supply. If it is judged that the heating power is turned on, the microprocessor starts counting; the sensor starts to detect the temperature of the baking oven and stores it;
  • the microprocessor compares the measured temperature of the sensor with the set temperature. When the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the microprocessor determines that it is over temperature and sends a signal to the control circuit.
  • the microprocessor After reaching the set time, the microprocessor continues to compare the measured temperature of the sensor with the set temperature. When the temperature is lower than the set temperature, it sends a signal to the control circuit.
  • the application method of the control device for the toaster cover having the fireproof function according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the microprocessor After reaching the set time, the microprocessor compares the measured temperature of the sensor with the set temperature, and when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, sends a signal to the control circuit;
  • a cover protection fixed circuit control circuit In the toaster of the present invention, a cover protection fixed circuit control circuit, a cover switch and a drive protection triode of the cover fixed control circuit are further arranged in parallel with the control circuit, and the control circuit is mainly fixed and controlled. Circuit.
  • the positive pole of the power supply of the cover protection fixed-loop control circuit of the present invention is connected to the positive pole of the common power source through the cover switch,
  • the output of the cover protection control circuit is connected to the base of the driving transistor, the collector of the driving transistor is connected with the collector of the parallel transistor and one end of the cover coil, the emitters of the driving transistor and the parallel transistor are grounded, and the base of the parallel transistor passes
  • the diode is connected to the cover slider fixed output of the main fixed control circuit, and the control element of the main fixed control circuit is a microprocessor or a fixed controller composed of a fixed control chip and a control circuit.
  • the present invention detects whether the temperature of the toaster is within a normally set temperature range by providing a sensor on the base or the frame of the toaster, and if the control circuit determines the toaster The temperature exceeds the set temperature value, the control circuit will send a control signal, and the circuit that controls the cover action keeps the lid closed, only when the sensor of the toaster detects that the temperature has returned to a lower set temperature value, even if the bread is baked. The bread in the oven is on fire, and the lid will remain closed until the fire is extinguished, and the lid can be opened normally, thus effectively avoiding safety accidents.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of Embodiment 1 of the present invention - [45]
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of Embodiment 2 of the present invention - [46]
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of Embodiment 3 of the present invention - [47]
  • 4 is a circuit block diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention - [48]
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a basic circuit for controlling a heating element by a power switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a block diagram of the basic circuit for controlling a heating element with a relay in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the unbaked bread oven on the market is less efficient in baking bread, the baking time is long, and the baked bread is not uniform in color, and the more important is the uncovered toast.
  • the opening of the furnace is upward, unsanitary, and the electrified body is directly exposed, which is particularly prone to electric shock accidents.
  • the bread is baked. If the bread is too long, or because the bread is stuck and cannot be raised, the bread is always baked, etc., the bread may be burned and burned. It may burn the user. If unattended, it may ignite other items. And a fire, save In great security risks.
  • the covered toaster with the lid developed in recent years has the advantages of high efficiency of baking bread, short daytime, and uniform color of the baked bread. It is especially important that the bread is heated during the baking process.
  • the component is enclosed in a toaster, and people cannot touch the charged heating element. It is a safer toaster, but like the toaster without a lid, there is a disadvantage that the bread is burnt when an accident occurs.
  • the toaster will automatically open the lid first, then the bread tray on the carriage holds the bread up, which will cause the fire of the fired bread to burst out.
  • the user is controlled by the cover action control device of the following toaster:
  • the application method of the invention comprises the following steps: 1. The baking oven is energized, the microprocessor is initialized, the microprocessor detects whether the sensor is normal, and the sensor is abnormal; the second is, when the bread is placed in the heating tank of the toaster, The tray on the bread carriage holds the bread.
  • the microprocessor detects whether the toaster is powered on by the heating element. If it is judged that the heating power is turned on, the microprocessor starts counting; the sensor S starts The temperature of the toaster is detected and stored; 3. The microprocessor compares the temperature measured by the sensor S with the set temperature. When the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the microprocessor determines that the toaster is overheated.
  • the control circuit sends a signal; Fourth, the control circuit is cut off heating power toasters; 5, S sensor continues to detect the temperature of the bread baking furnace,
  • the microprocessor compares the temperature measured by the sensor S with the set temperature, and sends a signal to the control circuit when the temperature is lower than the set temperature; 6.
  • the control circuit switches to open the cover; 7.
  • the microprocessor delays some time (It is generally possible to use a delay between more than 0.5 seconds and the user's request.
  • the main purpose is to open the lid first, and then the bread carriage is raised again. This prevents the bread carriage from rising and causing the bread to cover the lid. The situation occurs), a signal is sent to the control circuit, and the control circuit switches to raise the bread carriage.
  • the sensor S used here may be a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC) or a bimetal temperature. Controller or infrared temperature sensor.
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient thermistor
  • the sensor S is generally placed at a position where the temperature of the toaster is relatively large, such as: a side insulation panel or a front and rear insulation panel beside the heating tank of the toaster, or a position near the top of the heating tank.
  • the sensor S uses a thermistor (NTC) ⁇
  • its resistance is inversely related to temperature.
  • the DC voltage on the thermistor (NTC) reflects the temperature of the bread heating bath.
  • the digital quantity obtained by the analog-to-digital conversion of the microprocessor represents the temperature of the bread heating bath. This represents the digital amount of the bread heating bath temperature and the bread.
  • the temperature of the heating bath is negatively correlated.
  • the heating and powering of the heating tank is controlled by a thyristor or a relay, or the control circuit causes the coil of the bread carriage to be de-energized, and the armature loses suction, so that the carriage is on the carriage.
  • the hanging piece is loosened from the armature, and the bread carriage is raised.
  • the pressing piece on the bread carriage leaves the pressing rod on the power switch, and the power switch is turned off to disconnect the power of the heating element.
  • the bimetal temperature controller has only two states of switching, and is directly connected in series with the heating element, that is, when the toaster If the temperature is too high, the bimetal temperature controller will be disconnected, and the power of the heating element will be cut off. Therefore, a tap can be used in the heating circuit to obtain a voltage test point.
  • the microprocessor detects the change of this voltage. To determine whether the heating circuit is energized, to determine whether the toaster is over-temperature, if it is not energized, it is judged to be over-temperature, if it is energized, it is not over-temperature, and the microprocessor uses these data as the basis for the next control.
  • the output of the general infrared temperature sensor is current or voltage.
  • the microprocessor can determine the temperature change by obtaining the change of the output voltage of the sensor by connecting the resistor in series or in parallel at the output. This temperature reflects the relationship with the temperature of the bread heating bath.
  • the digital quantity obtained by the analog-to-digital conversion of the microprocessor represents the temperature of the bread heating bath. When the temperature of the bread heating bath is compared with the set temperature, it is judged to be over-temperature.
  • the control circuit switches the cover to open the control method.
  • the microprocessor sends a signal to the control circuit.
  • the output port of the control circuit is connected with a triode, such as the base of the control circuit (NPN) transistor. Converting from a high potential to a low potential, turning off the triode, and driving the triode on the collector
  • NPN control circuit
  • Control circuit switching The control method for raising the bread carriage can generally be carried out in the same manner as the above lid opening.
  • the microprocessor determines whether the toaster is connected to the heating power source, and generally uses the heating element of the bread heating tank to obtain whether or not a current flows, specifically by obtaining the voltage of one of the heating elements, that is, Add a tap to the heating element on the heat-generating mica sheet to detect whether there is voltage on the tap. If there is voltage, it means that current flows, which means that the bread heating tank is connected to the power supply. It can also control the heating element heating element through detection. Whether there is voltage at both ends of the relay of the relay, if there is voltage, it means that the power supply of the heating element of the bread heating tank has been turned on.
  • the control circuit is provided with a microprocessor as the main control circuit component, the output port is connected with a triode, and the control circuit is connected to and cut off the actuator of the bread heating tank power supply, generally implemented by a thyristor or a relay, or It is controlled by a simple structure, and the specific method can be controlled according to the working mode of the toaster, because the hand-held toaster with a lid is usually provided with a tablet on the bread carriage when the user presses the bread carriage. The handle slides down the bread carriage. When the bread carriage approaches the bottom of the bread heating tank, the tablet on the bread carriage is pressed against the pressure bar of the power switch K connected to the heating element of the bread heating tank.
  • the switch K is closed, thereby turning on the power supply of the heating element of the bread heating tank, and the power supply also provides corresponding power for the PCB of the control circuit or provides power for some of the driving components on the PCB, such as driving bread slippery
  • the power supply of the triode of the iron wire is connected, so that the driving circuit on the PCB is connected to the power supply, so that the armature wire of the bread carriage is energized to generate suction, and the armature is sucked to lock the hook on the bread carriage. Keep the bread carriage at the bottom of the bread heating tank and keep the power to the bread heating tank.
  • the control circuit only needs to make the wire of the bread carriage control lose power, the armature is released due to the suction of the wire, and the hook on the bread carriage is separated from the armature hook, in the bread Under the action of the return spring of the carriage, the bread carriage is raised, and the tablet on the bread carriage is separated from the pressure lever of the power switch K, so that the power switch K is disconnected, and thus, the power switch connected to the bread heating tank is broken.
  • the power to the heating element of the bread heating channel is broken.
  • the control circuit has another way to provide power: ⁇ Power supply circuit (such as transformer or switching power supply or RC resistor-capacitor buck circuit after rectification, filtering, voltage regulation)
  • the control circuit supplies power, and the heating element is connected to the output of the power switch K or to the relay J.
  • the heating element is energized to start heating. This way of powering the power, regardless of whether the heating element is energized, the control circuit can operate under the power provided by the power circuit.
  • a bread carriage detecting device and a cover detecting device are further provided in the toaster.
  • the application method comprises the following steps: 1.
  • the baking oven is energized, the microprocessor is initialized, detecting whether the sensor is normal, if not, the alarm is;
  • the carriage detecting device actually detects the position of the bread carriage, when the user puts the bread After entering the bread heating tank, the user presses the handle on the bread carriage, and the tray on the bread carriage holds the bread down to the bottom of the bread heating tank.
  • the bread carriage detecting device detects that the bread carriage is at the bottom. 3.
  • the cover detecting device actually detects whether the cover is closed; 4.
  • the control circuit switches to turn on the heating power supply.
  • the microprocessor detects whether the toaster is connected to the heating power. If it is judged that the heating power is turned on, the microprocessor starts counting; the sensor starts to detect the toast. The temperature of the furnace is stored; 7.
  • the microprocessor compares the temperature measured by the sensor with the set temperature. When the temperature is higher than the set temperature, The microprocessor determines that it is over-temperature, and sends a signal to the control circuit; 8.
  • the control circuit cuts off the heating power of the toaster; IX.
  • a bread carriage detecting device and a lid detecting device are further provided in the toaster.
  • the application method comprises the following steps: 1. The baking oven is energized, the microprocessor is initialized, and the detecting sensor is normal; 2.
  • the carriage detecting device and the cover detecting device actually detect whether the position of the bread carriage and the cover are closed;
  • the microprocessor determines that the bread carriage is at the bottom, and the microprocessor begins to judge whether the cover is closed. 4.
  • the microprocessor determines that the cover is closed, and the microprocessor detects whether the toaster is powered on. If it is determined that the heating power has been When it is turned on, the microprocessor starts counting; the sensor starts to detect the temperature of the toaster and stores it; 5. After reaching the setting time, the microprocessor compares the measured temperature of the sensor with the set temperature, when the temperature is low. At the set temperature ⁇ , a signal is sent to the control circuit; 6. The control circuit switches to open the cover; 7. After the microprocessor delays some turns, it sends a signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit switches to raise the bread carriage.
  • the detecting elements of the bread carriage detecting device and the cap detecting device described herein are switches or magnetic switches or infrared emitting, receiving diodes and the like.
  • the detecting component of the bread carriage detecting device is disposed beside the passage of the bread carriage, generally a contact is arranged on the bread carriage, and when the bread carriage moves down, the contact touches the switch through the detecting component.
  • Closing or closing the switch so that the microprocessor can send a bread carriage to the bottom of the bread heating tank to perform the next action, or set a magnetic object on the bread carriage, when the bread carriage moves down
  • the magnetic object closes or closes the magnetic switch, which gives the microprocessor a bread carriage to the bottom of the bread heating tank for the next step, or to set a file on the bread carriage.
  • the flaps block the light from the infrared emitting diode, which gives the microprocessor a bread carriage to the bottom of the bread heating tank for further control.
  • the detecting element of the cover detecting device is disposed beside the passage of the cover carriage or beside the cover assembly.
  • the cover carriage passes through the detecting element of the cover detecting device, as described above by the bread carriage detecting device.
  • the magnetic switch is closed or opened by the contact on the carriage, the touch switch or the magnetic object, or the flap on the carriage blocks the light emitted by the infrared emitting diode and the product receives a signal, and the microprocessor obtains the cover. After the closed signal, the corresponding calculation and processing are performed, and then the next program control is performed.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment (4) of the present invention.
  • the toaster is further provided with a cover protection fixed circuit control circuit C2, a cover switch K1 and a drive transistor for protecting the output of the fixed control circuit in parallel with the control circuit.
  • the control circuit is a main fixed control circuit C1, and the cover protects the power of the fixed control circuit C2
  • the positive pole of the source is connected to the positive pole of the common power supply through the cover switch K1, and the output of the cover protection fixed circuit is connected to the base of the driving transistor Q2.
  • the collector of the driving transistor Q2 is connected with the collector of the parallel transistor Q3 and one end of the cover coil L2, and is driven.
  • the emitter of the transistor Q2 and the parallel transistor Q3 is grounded, and the base of the parallel transistor Q3 is connected to the fixed output of the cover carriage of the main fixed control circuit C1 through the diode D.
  • the toaster starts working, because the bread carriage is provided with a tablet, when the user presses the handle on the bread carriage, the bread carriage slides down, when the bread carriage approaches the bottom of the bread heating tank, The tablet on the bread carriage is pressed against the pressure bar of the power switch K connected to the heating element of the bread heating tank, so that the power switch K is closed, thereby connecting the power supply circuit of the heating element of the bread heating tank, and the power circuit is also Provide power to the PCB of the control circuit or provide power for some of the drive components on the PCB, such as power to drive the transistor Q1 of the bread carriage armature ⁇ L1, thus turning on the drive circuit on the PCB.
  • the armature wire ⁇ L1 of the bread carriage has electricity to generate suction, and the armature is sucked to lock the hook on the bread carriage, so that the bread carriage is kept at the bottom position of the bread heating tank, and the bread heating is kept on.
  • the power supply for the slot if the user needs to use the lid to bake the bread, the user presses the handle on the lid carriage by hand to move the lid carriage downward, and when the bread lid slides down to the bottom, The cover switch K1 is closed, and the cover protection circuit C2 starts counting, and the main control circuit C1 of the toaster starts counting.
  • the cover of the main control circuit C1 When the baking time of the toaster reaches the set time, the cover of the main control circuit C1 is fixed to output low output, so that the driving transistor Q3 of the cover wire ⁇ L2 is cut off, so that The cover line of the toaster oven ⁇ L2 loses power and loses suction, causing the cover to open.
  • the output of the bread carriage line ⁇ L1 of the control circuit C1 After delaying some turns, the output of the output circuit of the control circuit is fixed, and the output of the output circuit of the control circuit is output to a low potential, so that the bread carriage line ⁇ L1 of the bread oven loses power and loses suction. Therefore, the bread carriage is lifted by the return spring due to the hanging piece being separated from the armature hook.
  • the bread carriage line L1 is always energized with suction, so that the bread carriage Always at the bottom of the bread heating tank, the bread heating tank is always heated.
  • the cover protection control circuit C2 will output a high potential.
  • the cover slider of the cover control circuit C2 maintains the conduction of the transistor Q2, so that the cover slider maintains the suction force, so that the cover remains closed, even if the main control circuit C1 outputs a low potential.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the basic circuit of the heating element controlled by the power switch according to the embodiment (1), (2) and (3) of the present invention.
  • This circuit block diagram uses a power supply circuit (such as a transformer or a switching power supply or a RC resistor-capacitor step-down circuit to rectify, filter, and stabilize the circuit) to supply power to the control circuit, and the heating element is connected to the output of the power switch K.
  • the power switch K is closed, the heating element is energized to start heating. This way of power supply, regardless of whether the heating element has power, the control circuit can work under the power provided by the power circuit.
  • the circuit block diagram uses a power supply circuit (such as a transformer or a switching power supply or a RC resistor-capacitor step-down circuit to rectify, filter, and stabilize the circuit) to supply power to the control circuit, and the heating element is connected to one end of the contact of the relay J.
  • a power supply circuit such as a transformer or a switching power supply or a RC resistor-capacitor step-down circuit to rectify, filter, and stabilize the circuit
  • the heating element is connected to one end of the contact of the relay J.
  • the main fixed-loop control circuit C1 uses a microprocessor as a main control circuit component, and in the actual design, other general-purpose fixed-control chip and control circuit configuration can also be used.
  • the controller controls.

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  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
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Description

说明书
Title of Invention:具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置及其应用 方法
具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置及其应用方法
[1] 技术领域
[2] 本发明涉及一种具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置及其应用方法。
[3] 背景技术
[4] 目前烤面包炉是家庭和单位普遍使用的小家电, 传统的烤面包炉有的带盖, 有 的不带盖, 而一般带盖的烤面包炉都是当烘烤吋间达到用户设置的吋间后, 盖 先开, 然后面包被滑架上的托架托起, 这种带盖烤面包炉不管炉中的面包是否 着火, 盖都会先打开, 这样的开盖动作存在着安全隐患, 如: 当放入烤面包炉 内的面包较小、 或因为某种原因烤面包的吋间变长、 或因面包被卡住无法升起 使面包一直在烘烤等原因, 都可能会发生面包被烧着火的情况, 若在此吋盖自 动打开, 有可能会烧伤用户或引燃家中其他物品而发生火灾, 存在极大的安全 隐患。
[5] 发明内容
[6] 本发明的目的是提供一种具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置及其应用方法
, 要解决的技术问题是在烤面包炉带盖烘烤吋, 当炉内温度过高或面包着火吋 , 使烤面包炉的盖保持闭合, 以达到炉内火苗不会窜出伤及用户和引发火灾的 目的。
[7] 为解决上述技术问题, 本发明釆用以下技术方案: 一种具有防火功能的烤面包 炉盖的控制装置, 包括盖滑架或盖开合机构和设置在烤面包炉里的电源开关、 盖开关和控制电路, 所述控制电路内设有微处理器, 所述控制电路的输出端口 连接有三极管, 所述控制电路还连接有传感器。
[8] 本发明所述传感器设置在烤面包炉加热槽旁边的侧隔热板或前后隔热板上, 或 设置在靠近加热槽顶部的位置上。
[9] 本发明所述传感器是负温度系数的热敏电阻或双金属片的温度控制器或红外线 温度传感器。
[10] 本发明所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置的应用方法, 包括下述步 骤:
[11] ( 1) 烤面包炉通电, 微处理器初始化, 微处理器检测传感器是否正常, 传感 器不正常则报警;
[12] (2) 微处理器检测烤面包炉是否接通加热电源, 若判断加热电源已接通, 则 微处理器开始计吋; 传感器开始实吋检测烤面包炉的温度并存储;
[13] (3) 微处理器将传感器所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度高于设定温度吋, 微处理器判断烤面包炉超温, 向控制电路发出信号;
[14] (4) 控制电路切断烤面包炉加热电源;
[15] (5) 传感器继续检测烤面包炉的温度, 微处理器将传感器所测温度与设定温 度比较, 当温度低于设定温度吋, 向控制电路发出信号;
[16] (6) 控制电路切换使盖打开;
[17] (7) 微处理器向控制电路发出信号, 控制电路切换使面包滑架升起。
[18] 本发明所述烤面包炉里还设置有面包滑架检测装置和盖检测装置。
[19] 本发明所述面包滑架检测装置和盖检测装置的检测元件是开关或磁性开关或红 外线发射、 接收二极管, 所述面包滑架检测装置的检测元件设置在面包滑架的 通道旁, 所述盖检测装置的检测元件设置在盖滑架的通道旁或盖组件旁。
[20] 本发明所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置的应用方法, 包括下述步 骤:
[21] ( 1) 烤面包炉通电, 微处理器初始化, 检测传感器是否正常, 若不正常则报
[22] (2) 滑架检测装置实吋检测面包滑架的位置是否已处于底部;
[23] (3) 当微处理器通过判断面包滑架是处于底部吋, 盖检测装置实吋检测盖是 否闭合;
[24] (4) 当微处理器通过盖检测装置所测数据判断盖是闭合吋, 向控制电路发出 信号;
[25] (5) 控制电路切换接通加热电源; [26] (6) 微处理器检测烤面包炉是否接通加热电源, 若判断加热电源已接通, 则 微处理器开始计吋; 传感器开始实吋检测烤面包炉的温度并存储;
[27] (7) 微处理器将传感器所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度高于设定温度吋, 微处理器判断为超温, 向控制电路发出信号;
[28] (8) 控制电路切断烤面包炉加热电源;
[29] (9) 到达设定吋间后, 微处理器继续将传感器所测温度与设定温度比较, 当 温度低于设定温度吋, 向控制电路发出信号;
[30] ( 10) 控制电路切换使盖打开;
[31] ( 11) 微处理器延吋后, 向控制电路发出信号, 控制电路切换使面包滑架升起
[32] 本发明所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置的应用方法, 包括下述步 骤:
[33] ( 1) 烤面包炉通电, 微处理器初始化, 检测传感器是否正常;
[34] (2) 滑架检测装置和盖检测装置实吋检测面包滑架的位置和盖是否闭合;
[35] (3) 当微处理器判断面包滑架是处于底部吋, 微处理器开始判断盖是否闭合
[36] (4) 微处理器判断盖是闭合吋, 微处理器检测烤面包炉是否接通加热电源, 若判断加热电源已接通, 则微处理器开始计吋; 传感器开始实吋检测烤面包炉 的温度并存储;
[37] (5) 到达设定吋间后, 微处理器将传感器所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度 低于设定温度吋, 向控制电路发出信号;
[38] (6) 控制电路切换使盖打开;
[39] (7) 微处理器延吋后, 向控制电路发出信号, 控制电路切换使面包滑架升起
[40] 本发明所述烤面包炉里还与控制电路并联设有一个盖保护定吋控制电路、 盖开 关和一个盖保护定吋控制电路输出的驱动三极管, 所述控制电路为主定吋控制 电路。
[41] 本发明所述盖保护定吋控制电路的电源正极通过盖开关与公共电源正极连接, 盖保护定吋控制电路的输出接驱动三极管的基极, 驱动三极管的集电极与并联 三极管的集电极和盖线圏的一端连接, 驱动三极管和并联三极管的发射极接地 , 并联三极管的基极通过二极管与主定吋控制电路的盖滑架定吋输出相连接, 所述主定吋控制电路的控制元件为微处理器或由定吋控制芯片和控制电路构成 的定吋控制器。
[42] 本发明与现有技术相比, 通过在烤面包炉的基座或机架上设置传感器, 检测烤 面包炉的温度是否在正常设定的温度范围内, 若控制电路判断烤面包炉的温度 超过设定的温度值, 控制电路将发出控制信号, 控制盖动作的电路使盖一直保 持闭合, 只有当烤面包炉的传感器检测到温度恢复到较低的设置温度值吋, 即 使烤面包炉内的面包已着火, 盖会一直闭合直到火熄灭后, 盖才能正常打开, 从而有效地避免安全事故的发生。
[43] 附图说明
[44] 图 1是本发明实施例 一) 的流程框图- [45] 图 2是本发明实施例 二) 的流程框图- [46] 图 3是本发明实施例 三) 的流程框图- [47] 图 4是本发明实施例 四) 的电路框图- [48] 图 5是本发明实施例 用电源开关控制加热元件的基本 电路框图。
[49] 图 6是本发明实施例 用继电器控制加热元件的基本电 路框图。
[50] 具体实施方式
[51] 下面结合附图和实施例对发明作进一步详细说明。
[52] 目前市面上不带盖的烤面包炉烘烤面包的效率较低, 烘烤吋间长, 且烤出的面 包颜色不够均匀, 同吋, 更为重要的是不带盖的烤面包炉的开口向上, 不卫生 , 而且带电体直接裸露, 特别容易产生触电事故, 另外就是当发生意外吋, 如 当放入烤面包炉内的面包较小较干、 或因为某种原因烤面包的吋间过长、 或因 面包被卡住无法升起使面包一直在烘烤等原因, 都可能会发生面包被烧着火的 情况, 可能烧伤用户, 若无人看管, 则可能因此引燃其他物品而发生火灾, 存 在极大的安全隐患。 而近几年发展起来的带盖的烤面包炉具有烘烤面包效率高 , 吋间短, 烤出的面包颜色均匀的优点, 特别重要的是在烘烤面包的过程中, 一直将带电的发热元件封闭在烤面包炉内, 人无法触及带电的发热元件, 是一 种较安全的烤面包炉, 但与不带盖的烤面包炉一样, 存在一个缺点, 就是当发 生意外发生面包被烧着火的情况吋, 若烘烤吋间达到设定吋间后, 烤面包炉会 自动先打开盖, 然后滑架上的面包托架托起面包升起, 这样会因为着火的面包 的火苗窜出造成烧伤用户或引起火灾, 因此为了解决这个问题, 本发明釆用以 下烤面包炉的盖动作控制装置进行控制:
如图 1和图 5所示是本发明的实施例 (一) , 本发明烤面包炉盖的控制装置, 包 括设置在烤面包炉里的电源开关 K、 盖开关 K1和控制电路, 所述控制电路内设有 微处理器, 所述控制电路的输出端口连接有三极管 Ql, 所述控制电路还连接有 传感器 S。 本发明的应用方法包括以下步骤: 一、 烤面包炉通电, 微处理器初始 化, 微处理器检测传感器是否正常, 传感器不正常则报警; 二、 当面包放入烤 面包炉的加热槽中吋, 面包滑架上的托架托着面包, 当用户按下面包滑架上的 手把, 使面包滑架向下滑动, 达到底部吋, 滑架上的压片将电源开关 K的压杆压 下而接通电源开关 K, 同吋也接通了加热元件的电源, 这吋, 用户按下盖滑架上 的手把, 使盖滑架向下滑动, 直到盖滑架上的挂片被盖滑架线圏的线铁挂钩扣 住, 使盖保持闭合, 微处理器检测烤面包炉是否接通加热元件的电源, 若判断 加热电源已接通, 则微处理器开始计吋; 传感器 S开始实吋检测烤面包炉的温度 并存储; 三、 微处理器将传感器 S所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度高于设定温 度吋, 微处理器判断烤面包炉超温, 向控制电路发出信号; 四、 控制电路切断 烤面包炉加热电源; 五、 传感器 S继续检测烤面包炉的温度,
微处理器将传感器 S所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度低于设定温度吋, 向控制 电路发出信号; 六、 控制电路切换使盖打开; 七、 微处理器延吋一些吋间后 ( 一般可以釆用延迟吋间大于 0.5秒以上或用户要求的吋间, 主要目的是必须使盖 先打开, 然后面包滑架再升起, 这样可以避免面包滑架升起吋造成面包顶住盖 的情况发生) , 向控制电路发出信号, 控制电路切换使面包滑架升起。
这里所用的传感器 S可以是负温度系数的热敏电阻 (NTC) 或双金属片的温度 控制器或红外线温度传感器。 而传感器 S—般设置在烤面包炉温度变化比较大的 位置, 如: 烤面包炉加热槽旁边的侧隔热板或前后隔热板上, 或加热槽顶部附 近的位置上。
[55] 当传感器 S釆用热敏电阻 (NTC) 吋, 其电阻与温度负相关。 热敏电阻 (NTC ) 上的直流电压反映了与面包加热槽温度的关系, 经微处理器的模数转换得到 的数字量代表了面包加热槽温度, 此代表面包加热槽温度的数字量与面包加热 槽温度是负相关关系, 切换后接通和断开加热槽电源釆用控制晶闸管或继电器 来实现, 或控制电路使控制面包滑架的线圏失电, 衔铁失去吸力, 使滑架上的 挂片从衔铁上松脱, 而导致面包滑架升起, 面包滑架上的压片离开电源开关上 的压杆, 断开电源开关来实现断开发热元件的电源。
[56] 当传感器 S釆用双金属片的温度控制器吋, 由于双金属片温度控制器仅有通断 两个状态, 并且是直接串接在加热元件的电路中, 即, 当烤面包炉的温度过高 吋, 双金属片温度控制器就断开, 将加热元件的电源切断, 这吋, 可以用在加 热回路中抽取一个抽头, 获取电压测试点, 微处理器通过检测这个电压的变化 来判断加热电路是否通电, 来判断烤面包炉是否超温, 若不通电, 则判断为超 温, 若通电, 则未超温, 微处理器通过这些数据作为进行下一步控制的依据。
[57] 当传感器 S釆用红外线温度传感器吋, 一般红外线温度传感器的输出都是电流 或电压, 微处理器都可以通过在输出端串联或并联电阻来获取传感器输出电压 的变化来判断温度的变化, 这个温度反应了与面包加热槽温度的关系, 经微处 理器的模数转换得到的数字量代表了面包加热槽温度, 面包加热槽温度与设置 的温度进行比较后, 判断为超温, 则向控制电路发出信号, 切换后接通和断开 加热槽电源釆用控制晶闸管、 可控硅或继电器来实现, 或控制电路使控制面包 滑架的线圏失电, 衔铁失去吸力, 使滑架上的挂片从衔铁上松脱, 而导致面包 滑架升起, 面包滑架上的压片离开电源开关 K上的压杆, 断开电源开关 K来实现 断开发热元件的电源。
[58] 控制电路切换使盖打开的控制方法, 一般可釆用由微处理器向控制电路发出一 个信号, 控制电路的输出端口连接有三极管, 如给控制电路的驱动 (NPN) 三 极管的基极由高电位转换为低电位, 使三极管截止, 而使驱动三极管集电极上 串联的衔铁线圏失电, 使衔铁失去吸力, 盖滑架上的挂片脱离衔铁挂钩, 在复 位弹簧拉力的作用下弹起, 使盖打开。
[59] 控制电路切换使面包滑架升起的控制方法, 一般可釆用与上述盖打开相同的方 式进行。
[60] 对电机驱动烤面包炉的盖和面包滑架的动作控制, 一般情况下, 其盖的开合与 面包滑架的运动是连动的, 当面包滑架下移接近底部吋, 盖组件在面包滑架的 下移过程中由其连动机构的动作开始移动, 使盖也闭合, 相反, 当面包滑架上 移升起吋, 盖组件动作的其连动机构使盖打开, 这种方案结构简单, 运行可靠 。 当然, 也可釆用独立的电机各自控制盖组件和面包滑架组件, 通过这样控制 产生盖的开合和面包滑架的升降动作, 但这种方案, 需要用两个以上的电机, 成本较高, 另外一种控制盖动作的方法, 是釆用一个电机控制面包滑架的升降 和盖的开合, 但可通过一个机构切换盖与面包滑架的连接来控制盖的动作, 若 需要盖动作, 则通过这个机构与面包滑架连接在一起, 若不需要盖动作吋, 则 通过这个结构断开与面包滑架的连接。
[61] 微处理器判断烤面包炉是否接通加热电源, 一般釆用在面包加热槽的发热元件 上获取是否有电流流过的办法进行, 具体的可以通过获取其中一段加热元件的 电压, 即釆用发热云母片上的加热元件上增加一个抽头, 检测抽头是否有电压 , 若有电压, 则说明有电流流过, 也就说明面包加热槽接通了电源; 也可以通 过检测控制加热槽发热元件的继电器的线圏两端是否有电压, 若有电压则说明 已经接通了面包加热槽加热元件的电源。
[62] 控制电路内设有微处理器作为主要控制电路元件, 其输出端口连接有三极管, 控制电路接通和切断面包加热槽电源的执行元件一般釆用可控硅或继电器来实 现, 或釆用简单的结构方式来控制, 具体的可按烤面包炉的工作方式进行控制 , 因为一般手动的带盖的烤面包炉, 在面包滑架上设有压片, 当用户按下面包 滑架上的手把吋, 面包滑架向下滑动, 当面包滑架接近面包加热槽底部吋, 面 包滑架上的压片压在与面包加热槽加热元件连接的电源开关 K的压杆上, 使电源 开关 K闭合, 从而接通了面包加热槽加热元件的电源, 同吋这个电源也为控制电 路的 PCB提供相应的电源或提供用于 PCB上部分驱动元件的电源, 如驱动面包滑 架衔铁线圏的三极管的电源, 这样也就使 PCB上的驱动电路接通了电源, 使面包 滑架的衔铁线圏有电而产生吸力, 吸住衔铁而将面包滑架上的挂钩锁住, 使面 包滑架保持在面包加热槽的底部位置, 也保持一直接通面包加热槽的电源。 相 反, 若要断开面包加热槽加热元件的电源, 控制电路只要使控制面包滑架的线 圏失电, 衔铁因线圏无吸力而被释放, 面包滑架上的挂钩脱离衔铁挂钩, 在面 包滑架的复位弹簧的作用下, 面包滑架升起, 面包滑架上的压片离开电源 开关 K的压杆, 使电源开关 K断开, 这吋, 由于与面包加热槽连接的电源开关断 开导致面包加热槽加热元件的电源断开。 如图 5、 图 6所示, 控制电路还有另外 一种提供电源的方式是: 釆用电源电路 (如变压器或开关电源或 RC阻容降压等 电路经过整流、 滤波、 稳压后) 为控制电路提供电源, 而加热元件与电源开关 K 的输出端连接或与继电器 J连接, 当电源开关 K闭合或继电器 J的触点闭合吋, 加 热元件通电开始加热。 这种电源供电的方式不管加热元件是否有电, 控制电路 都能在电源电路提供的电源下工作。
如图 2所示是本发明的实施例 (二) , 烤面包炉里还设置有面包滑架检测装置 和盖检测装置。 其应用方法包括以下步骤: 一、 烤面包炉通电, 微处理器初始 化, 检测传感器是否正常, 若不正常则报警; 二、 滑架检测装置实吋检测面包 滑架的位置, 当用户将面包放入面包加热槽后, 用户将面包滑架上的手把按下 , 面包滑架上的托架托着面包下移到面包加热槽的底部, 面包滑架检测装置检 测到面包滑架已处于底部; 三、 当微处理器通过判断面包滑架是处于底部吋, 盖检测装置实吋检测盖是否闭合; 四、 当微处理器通过盖检测装置所测数据 判断盖是闭合吋, 向控制电路发出信号; 五、 控制电路切换接通加热电源; 六 、 微处理器检测烤面包炉是否接通加热电源, 若判断加热电源已接通, 则微处 理器开始计吋; 传感器开始实吋检测烤面包炉的温度并存储; 七、 微处理器将 传感器所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度高于设定温度吋, 微处理器判断为超 温, 向控制电路发出信号; 八、 控制电路切断烤面包炉加热电源; 九、 到达设 定吋间后, 微处理器继续将传感器所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度低于设定 温度吋, 向控制电路发出信号; 十、 控制电路切换使盖打开; 十一、 微处理器 延吋一些吋间后, 向控制电路发出信号, 控制电路切换使面包滑架升起。 [64] 如图 3所示是本发明的实施例 (三) , 烤面包炉里还设置有面包滑架检测装置 和盖检测装置。 其应用方法包括以下步骤: 一、 烤面包炉通电, 微处理器初始 化, 检测传感器是否正常; 二、 滑架检测装置和盖检测装置实吋检测面包滑架 的位置和盖是否闭合; 三、 当微处理器判断面包滑架是处于底部吋, 微处理器 开始判断盖是否闭合; 四、 微处理器判断盖是闭合吋, 微处理器检测烤面包 炉是否接通加热电源, 若判断加热电源已接通, 则微处理器开始计吋; 传感器 开始实吋检测烤面包炉的温度并存储; 五、 到达设定吋间后, 微处理器将传感 器所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度低于设定温度吋, 向控制电路发出信号; 六、 控制电路切换使盖打开; 七、 微处理器延吋一些吋间后, 向控制电路发出 信号, 控制电路切换使面包滑架升起。
[65] 这里所述面包滑架检测装置、 盖检测装置的检测元件是开关或磁性开关或红外 线发射、 接收二极管等元件。 其中, 面包滑架检测装置的检测元件设置在面包 滑架的通道旁, 一般会在面包滑架上设置一个触头, 当面包滑架下移吋, 这个 触头通过检测元件吋触碰开关, 使开关闭合或断开, 这样就能给微处理器一个 面包滑架到达面包加热槽底部的信号, 从而进行下一步的动作, 或在面包滑架 上设置一个磁性物体, 当面包滑架下移到底部吋, 该磁性物体使磁性开关闭合 或断开, 这样就能给微处理器一个面包滑架到达面包加热槽底部的信号, 从而 进行下一步的动作, 或在面包滑架上设置一个档片, 当面包滑架下移到底部吋 , 档片档住红外发射二极管发出的光, 这样就能给微处理器一个面包滑架到达 面包加热槽底部的信号, 从而进行下一步的控制。 盖检测装置的检测元件设置 在盖滑架的通道旁或盖组件旁, 当盖闭合过程中, 盖滑架通过盖检测装置的检 测元件吋, 像上述所说的面包滑架检测装置检测的方式一样, 通过滑架上的触 头, 触碰开关或磁性物体使磁性开关闭合或断开, 或滑架上的档片档住红外发 射二极管发出的光而产品一个信号, 微处理器获得这个盖已闭合的信号后进行 相应的计算和处理, 再进行下一步的程序控制。
如图 4所示是本发明的实施例 (四) , 烤面包炉里还设有与控制电路并联的一 个盖保护定吋控制电路 C2、 盖开关 K1和一个保护定吋控制电路输出的驱动三极 管 Q2。 其中, 所述控制电路为主定吋控制电路 C1 , 盖保护定吋控制电路 C2的电 源正极通过盖开关 Kl与公共电源正极连接, 盖保护定吋电路的输出接驱动三极 管 Q2的基极, 驱动三极管 Q2的集电极与并联三极管 Q3的集电极和盖线圏 L2的一 端连接, 驱动三极管 Q2和并联三极管 Q3的发射极接地, 并联三极管 Q3的基极通 过二极管 D与主定吋控制电路 C1的盖滑架定吋输出相连接。 当烤面包炉开始工作 吋, 由于面包滑架上设有压片, 当用户按下面包滑架上的手把式吋, 面包滑架 向下滑动, 当面包滑架接近面包加热槽底部吋, 面包滑架上的压片压在与面包 加热槽加热元件连接的电源开关 K的压杆上, 使电源开关 K闭合, 从而接通了面 包加热槽加热元件的电源电路, 同吋这个电源电路也为控制电路的 PCB提供相应 的电源或提供用于 PCB上部分驱动元件的电源, 如为驱动面包滑架衔铁线圏 L1 的三极管 Q1提供电源, 这样也就使 PCB上的驱动电路接通了电源, 使面包滑架 的衔铁线圏 L1有电而产生吸力, 吸住衔铁而将面包滑架上的挂钩锁住, 使面包 滑架保持在面包加热槽的底部位置, 也保持一直接通面包加热槽的电源。 这吋 , 若用户需要釆用带盖的方式来烤面包, 这吋, 用户用手按下盖滑架上的手把 , 使盖滑架向下移动, 当面包盖滑架下滑接近底部吋, 将盖开关 K1闭合, 这吋 盖保护定吋控制电路 C2开始计吋, 烤面包炉的主定吋控制电路 C1也开始计吋。 当烤面包炉的烘烤吋间达到设定吋间吋, 主定吋控制电路 C1的盖滑架定吋输出 端输出低电位, 使盖滑架线铁线圏 L2的驱动三极管 Q3截止, 使烤面包炉的盖线 圏 L2失电而失去吸力, 使盖打开。 在延吋一些吋间后, 主定吋控制电路 C1的面 包滑架线圏 L1输出端, 向控制电路输出三极管 Q1输出低电位, 使烤面包炉的面 包滑架线圏 L1失电而失去吸力, 因此, 面包滑架因挂片脱离衔铁挂钩, 在复位 弹簧的作用下升起。 若此吋因为某种原因, 如: 电路出现故障, 主定吋控制电 路 C1输出不正常等原因, 导致烤面包炉超吋烘烤, 面包滑架线圏 L1一直通电有 吸力, 使面包滑架一直处于面包加热槽底部, 面包加热槽一直在加热, 当烤面 包炉的烘烤吋间达到盖保护定吋控制电路 C2的设定吋间吋, 盖保护定吋控制电 路 C2将输出高电位, 保持盖保护定吋控制电路 C2的盖滑架线圏驱动三极管 Q2导 通, 使盖滑架线圏保持吸力, 使盖一直保持闭合, 这吋, 即使主定吋控制电路 C 1输出低电位也无法使盖滑架线圏 L2失电, 这样, 即使因为面包滑架一直处于面 包加热槽底部, 面包加热槽一直在加热面包, 甚至将面包烧着, 这吋, 因为盖 保护定吋控制电路 C2使盖保持闭合, 可以避免因为面包着火的意外事故发生。 如图 5所示是本发明实施例 (一) 、 (二) 、 (三) 用电源开关控制加热元件 的基本电路框图。 这个电路框图釆用电源电路 (如变压器或开关电源或 RC阻容 降压电路等电路经过整流、 滤波、 稳压后) 为控制电路提供电源, 而加热元件 与电源开关 K的输出端连接, 当电源开关 K闭合吋, 加热元件通电开始加热, 这 种电源供电的方式不管加热元件是否有电, 控制电路都能在电源电路提供的电 源下工作。
[68] 如图 6所示是本发明实施例 (一) 、 (二) 、 (三) 用继电器控制加热元件的 基本电路框图。 这个电路框图釆用电源电路 (如变压器或开关电源或 RC阻容降 压电路等电路经过整流、 滤波、 稳压后) 为控制电路提供电源, 而加热元件与 继电器 J的触点的一端连接, 当控制电路的控制加热元件工作输出端输出高电位 吋, 继电器 J的触点闭合吋, 加热元件通电开始加热。 当控制电路的控制加热元 件输出端输出低电位吋, 继电器 J的触点断开, 加热元件断电停止加热。 这种电 源供电的方式不管加热元件是否有电, 控制电路都能在电源电路提供的电源下 工作。
在上述所举的实施例中, 主定吋控制电路 C1釆用了微处理器作为主要控制电路 元件, 在实际的设计中还可以釆用其他通用的定吋控制芯片和控制电路构成的 定吋控制器进行控制。

Claims

权利要求书 [Claim 1] 一种具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置, 包括盖滑架或盖开 合机构和设置在烤面包炉里的电源开关、 盖开关和控制电路, 其 特征在于: 所述控制电路内设有微处理器, 所述控制电路的输出 端口连接有三极管, 所述控制电路还连接有传感器。 [Claim 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置, 其 特征在于: 所述传感器设置在烤面包炉加热槽旁边的侧隔热板或 前后隔热板上, 或设置在靠近加热槽顶部的位置上。 [Claim 3] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置, 其特征在于: 所述传感器是负温度系数的热敏电阻或双金属片 的温度控制器或红外线温度传感器。 [Claim 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置的应 用方法, 包括下述步骤: (1) 烤面包炉通电, 微处理器初始化, 微处理器检测传感器是否 正常, 传感器不正常则报警; (2) 微处理器检测烤面包炉是否接通加热电源, 若判断加热电源 已接通, 则微处理器开始计吋; 传感器开始实吋检测烤面包炉的 温度并存储; (3) 微处理器将传感器所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度高于设 定温度吋, 微处理器判断烤面包炉超温, 向控制电路发出信号;(4) 控制电路切断烤面包炉加热电源; (5) 传感器继续检测烤面包炉的温度, 微处理器将传感器所测温 度与设定温度比较, 当温度低于设定温度吋, 向控制电路发出信 号; (7) 微处理器向控制电路发出信号, 控制电路切换使面包滑架升 起。 [Claim 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置, 其 特征在于: 所述烤面包炉里还设置有面包滑架检测装置和盖检测 装置。 [Claim 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置, 其 特征在于: 所述面包滑架检测装置和盖检测装置的检测元件是开 关或磁性开关或红外线发射、 接收二极管, 所述面包滑架检测装 置的检测元件设置在面包滑架的通道旁, 所述盖检测装置的检测 元件设置在盖滑架的通道旁或盖组件旁。 [Claim 7] 根据权利要求 5所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置的应 用方法, 包括下述步骤:
(1) 烤面包炉通电, 微处理器初始化, 检测传感器是否正常, 若 不正常则报警;
(2) 滑架检测装置实吋检测面包滑架的位置是否已处于底部;
(3) 当微处理器通过判断面包滑架是处于底部吋, 盖检测装置实 吋检测盖是否闭合;
(4) 当微处理器通过盖检测装置所测数据判断盖是闭合吋, 向控 制电路发出信号;
(5) 控制电路切换接通加热电源;
(6) 微处理器检测烤面包炉是否接通加热电源, 若判断加热电源 已接通, 则微处理器开始计吋; 传感器开始实吋检测烤面包炉的 温度并存储;
(7) 微处理器将传感器所测温度与设定温度比较, 当温度高于设 定温度吋, 微处理器判断为超温, 向控制电路发出信号;
(8) 控制电路切断烤面包炉加热电源;
(9) 到达设定吋间后, 微处理器继续将传感器所测温度与设定温 度比较, 当温度低于设定温度吋, 向控制电路发出信号;
(10) 控制电路切换使盖打开;
(11) 微处理器延吋后, 向控制电路发出信号, 控制电路切换使 面包滑架升起。 [Claim 8] 根据权利要求 5所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置的应 用方法, 包括下述步骤:
(1) 烤面包炉通电, 微处理器初始化, 检测传感器是否正常;
(2) 滑架检测装置和盖检测装置实吋检测面包滑架的位置和盖是 否闭合;
(3) 当微处理器判断面包滑架是处于底部吋, 微处理器开始判断 盖是否闭合;
(4) 微处理器判断盖是闭合吋, 微处理器检测烤面包炉是否接 通加热电源, 若判断加热电源已接通, 则微处理器开始计吋; 传 感器开始实吋检测烤面包炉的温度并存储;
(5) 到达设定吋间后, 微处理器将传感器所测温度与设定温度比 较, 当温度低于设定温度吋, 向控制电路发出信号;
(6) 控制电路切换使盖打开;
(7) 微处理器延吋后, 向控制电路发出信号, 控制电路切换使面 包滑架升起。
[Claim 9] 根据权利要求 1所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置, 其特征在于: 所述烤面包炉里还与控制电路并联设有一个盖保护 定吋控制电路 (C2) 、 盖开关 (K1) 和一个盖保护定吋控制电路 输出的驱动三极管 (Q2) , 所述控制电路为主定吋控制电路 (C1
[Claim 10] 根据权利要求 9所述的具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置, 其 特征在于: 所述盖保护定吋控制电路 (C2) 的电源正极通过盖开 关 (K1) 与公共电源正极连接, 盖保护定吋控制电路的输出接驱 动三极管 (Q2) 的基极, 驱动三极管 (Q2) 的集电极与并联三极 管 (Q3) 的集电极和盖线圏 (L2) 的一端连接, 驱动三极管 (Q2 ) 和并联三极管 (Q3) 的发射极接地, 并联三极管 (Q3) 的基极 通过二极管 (D) 与主定吋控制电路 (C1) 的盖滑架定吋输出相 连接, 所述主定吋控制电路 (C1) 的控制元件为微处理器或由定 吋控制芯片和控制电路构成的定吋控制器。
PCT/CN2009/074982 2009-06-02 2009-11-17 具有防火功能的烤面包炉盖的控制装置及其应用方法 WO2010139156A1 (zh)

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