WO2010133045A1 - 太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置 - Google Patents

太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010133045A1
WO2010133045A1 PCT/CN2009/072042 CN2009072042W WO2010133045A1 WO 2010133045 A1 WO2010133045 A1 WO 2010133045A1 CN 2009072042 W CN2009072042 W CN 2009072042W WO 2010133045 A1 WO2010133045 A1 WO 2010133045A1
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Prior art keywords
heat collecting
power generation
layer
temperature difference
heat
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PCT/CN2009/072042
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭建国
毛星原
Original Assignee
Guo Jianguo
Mao Xingyuan
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Publication of WO2010133045A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010133045A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/54—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings using evacuated elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar power generation and heat collecting device, in particular to a solar vacuum heat collecting plate temperature difference power generation and heat collecting device.
  • Thermal radiation type power conversion devices generally have two forms: one is "solar photovoltaic silicon battery” and “thermal radiation temperature difference power generation”.
  • the thermal radiation temperature difference power generation is inferior in the use of direct solar energy for temperature difference power generation.
  • the existing solar collector is combined with the thermal radiant temperature difference power generation module to improve the temperature of the heat conduction surface of the thermal radiant temperature difference power generation module. Due to the structural limitations of the vacuum tube solar collector, the vacuum tube solar collector and the heat are made.
  • the radiant temperature difference power generation module compound cannot be realized, and the existing flat type solar water heater does not reach the required high temperature. Therefore, the use of solar energy for thermal radiation temperature difference power generation has always been a problem to be solved.
  • a vacuum heat collecting plate and a heat collecting device thereof discloses a vacuum heat collecting plate: a light transmitting layer and a heat collecting layer are sequentially provided from top to bottom, and the light transmitting layer and a mesh supporting pad is disposed between the heat collecting layers, the light transmitting layer is made of borosilicate glass, the heat collecting layer is made of quartz glass, and the edges of the light transmitting layer and the heat collecting layer are sealed by glass, A light absorbing layer is disposed on the upper surface of the heat collecting layer, and a suction sealing nozzle is disposed on the lower surface, and a vacuum is drawn between the light transmitting layer and the heat collecting layer.
  • the light-transmitting layer and the heat collecting layer are composed of borosilicate glass and quartz glass, and the borosilicate glass and the quartz glass are welded to form a heat collecting plate containing a vacuum of a gas absorbent.
  • the expansion coefficient of quartz glass is less than an order of magnitude smaller than that of borosilicate glass.
  • the borosilicate glass is a light-transmissive glass with a high-strength anti-icing haze of 3.5 mm to 5 mm thick and a light transmittance of more than 90%
  • the quartz glass is a low expansion coefficient of 1.5 mm to 3 mm thick, and the one surface is coated with a light radiation absorbing coating.
  • Hot glass glass thickness selection is determined by the size of the vacuum collector plate). This kind The function of the device is limited to heat collection, and there is no design that uses solar power to generate electricity.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a solar vacuum collector plate temperature difference power generation and heat collecting device, which is a patent application No. 200810243225.4 "a vacuum heat collecting plate and its heat collecting device"
  • the device is combined with a thermal radiant temperature difference power generation module to form a solar vacuum collector plate temperature difference power generation and heat collecting device to overcome the conventional high temperature of the vacuum tube solar collector without the required high temperature temperature, It is difficult to realize the combination with the heat radiation temperature difference power generation module; the present invention will realize temperature difference power generation by direct solar energy irradiation, and improve solar energy utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency.
  • a solar vacuum heat collecting plate temperature difference power generation and heat collecting device comprising a vacuum heat collecting plate, wherein the vacuum heat collecting plate is provided with a light transmitting layer and a heat collecting layer in order from top to bottom.
  • a mesh supporting spacer is disposed between the light transmitting layer and the heat collecting layer, the permeable layer is made of borosilicate glass, the heat collecting layer is made of quartz glass, and the edges of the light transmitting layer and the heat collecting layer are used.
  • the glass sealing connection is provided with a light radiation absorbing layer on the upper surface of the heat collecting layer, a suction sealing nozzle on the lower surface, and a vacuum between the light transmitting layer and the heat collecting layer, wherein the heat collecting layer is provided under the heat collecting layer a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component; the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component is connected with an output positive electrode and an output negative electrode; a heat dissipation bed is disposed under the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component, the heat dissipation bed is immersed in the cooling liquid; and the cooling liquid passes through the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid The flow is circulated under the heat sink bed.
  • the structure of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation assembly is: a stack of two P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors having different properties, the upper surface of the stack is provided with a hot-end conductive plate, and the hot-end conductive plate is provided with a hot end a cold plate conductive plate is disposed on a lower surface of the stack, and a cold end substrate is disposed under the cold end conductive plate; the hot end plate is closely disposed under the heat collecting layer; the cold end The substrate is tightly set On the upper surface of the heat dissipation bed; the hot end conductive plate and the cold end conductive plate are respectively connected to the two output electrodes.
  • the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation assembly of the present invention is composed of two P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors of different natures, and is placed at a high temperature by the junction end of the hot-end conductive plates, and at the other end of the low temperature environment.
  • the electromotive force E is obtained on the cold-ended conductive plate.
  • the power generation method of thermoelectric power generation uses the Sebel effect to directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy.
  • the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component is: a small-area semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit module composed of a plurality of electric reactors in series, and a large-area component is formed in parallel by a plurality of semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit modules.
  • the heat-dissipating bed of the above-mentioned semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component is: an aluminum alloy case welded and sealed by a peripheral and an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, and an aluminum alloy case has a heat-dissipating fin inside, and the outer surface of the heat-dissipating fin is closely attached to the bonded semiconductor temperature difference power generation
  • the cold-end plate of the module is thermally conductive, and the heat is heated by the heat-dissipating fins inside the aluminum alloy case to form a temperature difference between the hot-end plate and the cold-end plate of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation unit to generate electricity.
  • a PE material body is provided with a vacuum heat collecting plate, a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component, a semi-conductor thermoelectric power generation component, and the like, and the PE material body is filled with an insulating material.
  • the bottom of the PE material body has a connection pipe of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, and a positive pole of the power supply of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component and a negative terminal of the power supply.
  • connection between the hot end substrate of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component and the vacuum heat collecting plate is performed by heat transfer bonding; likewise, the connection between the cold end substrate surface of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component and the heat dissipation bed is also heat transfer bonding .
  • the heat transfer bonding adhesive is a combination of a thermal conductive silica gel and an aluminum nitride powder.
  • the cooling liquid can be heated with water, heated to hot water, and fully utilized with solar energy.
  • the cooling liquid can also be used with other harmless liquid medium such as ethanol.
  • the inlet and outlet of the coolant may be in communication with a hot water utilization device.
  • the "hot water utilization device” refers to various hot water utilization devices such as water heaters and hot water aquaculture in the prior art.
  • the vacuum heat collecting plate in the optimization scheme of the present invention can be composed of a borosilicate glass and a quartz glass to form a light transmitting layer and a heat collecting layer, and a borosilicate glass and a quartz glass are welded together, and the composition contains gas absorption. Vacuum pumping plate. Among them, the expansion coefficient of quartz glass is less than an order of magnitude smaller than that of borosilicate glass.
  • the borosilicate glass is a light-transmissive glass with a high-strength anti-icing haze of 3.5 mm to 5 mm thick and a light transmittance of more than 90%, and the quartz glass is a low expansion coefficient of 1.5 mm to 3 mm thick, and the single-side coated with the light radiation absorbing coating is provided.
  • Hot glass glass thickness selection is determined by the size of the vacuum collector plate).
  • the optical radiation absorbing coating is sputtered with a black chrome or aluminum-nitrogen-aluminum coating by a magnetron sputtering coating to form a medium temperature quartz glass heat collecting layer, and a titanium oxynitride coating is sprayed to form a high temperature quartz glass set. Hot layer.
  • the medium temperature quartz glass collector layer has a heating temperature of less than 300 ° C
  • the high temperature quartz glass collector layer has a heating temperature of less than 500 ° C.
  • the portion around the edge of the heat collecting layer is respectively provided with a swelling amount absorber, and the expansion amount absorber is a corrugated wrinkle extending to the periphery of the heat collecting layer plane.
  • the expansion amount absorber can adaptively adjust the expansion or contraction of the size of the quartz glass due to the change in temperature.
  • the design of the expansion absorber is focused on solving the welding area between the borosilicate glass and the quartz glass. The stress caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the quartz glass under different working temperature environments does not affect the long-term structural stability of the welded area. Vacuum sealed.
  • the vacuum heat collecting plate may have a quadrangular or polygonal structure.
  • the invention provides a solar vacuum heat collecting plate temperature difference power generation and heat collecting device, which overcomes the traditional high temperature of the vacuum tube type solar collector without the required high temperature temperature and the temperature difference of the heat radiation.
  • the electric module compounding cannot be realized, and the temperature difference power generation by direct solar irradiation is realized, and the solar energy utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency are improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural view of a vacuum heat collecting plate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of C of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a temperature difference power generation and heat collecting device of a solar vacuum heat collecting plate according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 4.
  • thermoelectric power generation assembly is a structural diagram of a unit module in a semiconductor thermoelectric power generation assembly according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 Solar energy vacuum collecting plate temperature difference power generation and heat collecting device
  • the vacuum heat collecting plate 10 is sequentially composed of borosilicate glass 1.1, support pad 1.2, radiation absorbing coating 1.3, expansion amount absorber 1.4, quartz glass 1.5, gas from top to bottom.
  • the sealing mouth is composed of 1.6 pumping and glass 1.7 welding.
  • a black chrome or aluminum-nitrogen-aluminum coating is sputtered on one side of the quartz glass to form a radiation absorbing coating 1.3.
  • the periphery of the quartz glass 1.5 is thermally processed to form a swelling absorber 1.4 which is a corrugated wrinkle.
  • a mesh support pad 1.2 of glass fiber material is added between the light-transmissive borosilicate glass 1.1 and the quartz glass 1.5, and a vacuum and a vacuum are formed between the light-transmissive borosilicate glass 1.1 and the quartz glass 1.5 to form a self-regulating expansion stress vacuum set.
  • the hot plate 10 is provided with a niobium-titanium getter in the self-regulating expansion stress vacuum collecting plate.
  • the medium temperature self-regulating expansion stress vacuum collector plate is mainly applied to the solar collector device.
  • the present embodiment is a solar vacuum heat collecting plate with temperature difference power generation and heat collecting device mainly composed of borosilicate glass 1.1, support pad 1.2, and radiation absorbing coating 1.3. , expansion amount absorber 1.4, quartz glass 1.5, suction sealing 1.6, glass 1.7 welding, semiconductor temperature difference power generation components Hot bed 4.1, semiconductor thermoelectric power generation component 4.2, PE Xibu shell 4.3, thermoelectric power generation component power supply positive pole 4.4, thermoelectric power generation component power supply negative pole 4.5, inlet nozzle 4.6, insulation material 4.7, outlet nozzle 4.8, connecting wire 4.9 composition.
  • the unit module structure of the semiconductor thermoelectric power generation assembly of the present embodiment mainly comprises a P-type semiconductor 5.1, an N-type semiconductor 5.2, a hot-end conductive plate 5.4, a hot-end plate 5.6, and a cold-end conductive plate 5.3.
  • the cold end substrate 5.5, the output electrode +5.8, and the output electrode -5.7 are composed.

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Description

太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种太阳能发电与集热装置，尤其涉及一种太阳能真空集热板 温差发电与集热装置。
背景技术
当前光辐射型换能发电装置一般有两种形式： 一种是"太阳能光伏硅电池" 以及"热辐射温差发电"两种。 而热辐射温差发电在利用太阳能直接照射进行温 差发电效果较差。 釆用现有的太阳能集热器与热辐射温差发电模块复合， 来提 高热辐射温差发电模块热传导面的温度，真空管式太阳能集热器由于结构的局 限性， 使得真空管式太阳能集热器与热辐射温差发电模块复合无法实现， 而现 有的平板式太阳能热水器空烧温度达不到所需要的高温温度。 所以在利 用太阳能进行热辐射温差发电， 一直是要解决的难题。
第 200810243225.4号中国发明专利申请 "一种真空集热板及其集热装置" 公开了一种真空集热板： 从上至下依次设有透光层和集热层， 所述透光层和集 热层之间设有网状支撑衬垫， 所述透光层釆用硼硅玻璃， 所述集热层釆用石英 玻璃， 透光层和集热层的边缘用玻璃密封连接， 所述集热层的上面设有光辐射 吸收层， 下面设有抽气封嘴， 透光层和集热层之间抽为真空。 该发明釆用硼硅 玻璃与石英玻璃组成透光层与集热层， 硼硅玻璃与石英玻璃之间焊接， 组成含 有气体吸收剂抽真空的集热板。其中石英玻璃的膨胀系数小于硼硅玻璃近一个 数量级。硼硅玻璃为强度较高防冰雹的 3.5mm〜5mm厚，光透过率大于 90 % 的透光玻璃， 石英玻璃为低膨胀系数的 1.5mm〜3mm厚， 单面涂有光辐射吸 收涂层的集热玻璃 （玻璃厚度选择是根据真空集热板面积大小来确定）。 这种 装置的功能限于集热， 没有利用太阳能发电的设计。
发明内容
为了克服现有太阳能集热器技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种太阳能 真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 该装置是 200810243225.4号专利申请 "一 种真空集热板及其集热装置" 的方案与热辐射温差发电模块复合， 形成的一种 太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 以克服传统的真空管式太阳能集热器 空烧温度达不到所需要的高温温度、 与热辐射温差发电模块复合无法实 现等困难； 本发明将实现利用太阳能直接照射进行的温差发电， 并提高太阳能 的利用效率与发电效率。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是： 一种太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装 置， 设有真空集热板， 该真空集热板从上至下依次设有透光层和集热层， 所述 透光层和集热层之间设有网状支撑衬垫， 所述透光层釆用硼硅玻璃， 所述集热 层釆用石英玻璃， 透光层和集热层的边缘用玻璃密封连接， 所述集热层的上面 设有光辐射吸收层， 下面设有抽气封嘴， 透光层和集热层之间抽为真空， 其特 征在于， 所述集热层的下面设有半导体温差发电组件； 该半导体温差发电组件 连接有输出正极与输出负极； 所述半导体温差发电组件的下面设有散热床， 该 散热床浸泡在冷却液里；冷却液通过冷却液的进口与出口在所述散热床下循环 流动。
所述半导体温差发电组件的结构是： 由两块不同性质的 P 型半导体与 N 型半导体组成电堆， 所述电堆的上面设有热端导电板， 该热端导电板上面设有 热端极板； 所述电堆的下面设有冷端导电板， 该冷端导电板的下面设有冷端基 板； 所述热端极板紧密地设置在上述集热层的下面； 所述冷端基板紧密地设置 在上述散热床的上面； 所述热端导电板与冷端导电板分别与两个输出电极连 接。
换言之，本发明的半导体温差发电组件是由两块不同性质的 P型半导体与 N 型半导体组成电堆， 并通过热端导电板相互接合端置于高温，处于低温环境 的另一端分别在两个冷端导电板上可得到电动势 E。 温差发电的发电方式， 是 利用塞贝尔效应将热能直接转换为电能。 所述半导体温差发电组件是： 由多个 电堆串联组成一个小面积的半导体温差发电单元模块，在由多个半导体温差发 电单元模块并联形成大面积的组件。
上述半导体温差发电组件的散热床是： 由周边与进液管、 出液管焊接密封 的铝合金箱体， 铝合金箱体内部有散热翼片， 散热翼片外表面紧贴粘接半导体 温差发电组件冷端极板一面进行热传导，热量通过铝合金箱体内部的散热翼片 加热冷却液，使半导体温差发电组件的热端极板与冷端极板形成温度差进行发 电。
上述装置安装在 PE外壳内： 安装真空集热板、 半导体温差发电组件、 半 导体温差发电组件散热床等部件的 PE材料本体， PE材料本体内部填充有保温 材料。 PE材料本体底部有进液管、 出液管的连接管口， 以及半导体温差发电 组件的电源正极、 电源负极接线端子。
所述半导体温差发电组件的热端基板与真空集热板的联结， 釆用传热粘 接； 同样， 所述半导体温差发电组件冷端基板面与散热床的联结， 也是釆用传 热粘接。 例如， 传热粘接釆用导热硅胶加氮化铝粉混合的粘接剂。
所述的冷却液可以釆用水， 加热成热水， 充分利用太阳能， 冷却液也可以 釆用其它无害液体介质， 例如乙醇。 需要同时利用本装置所集存热能的时候， 所述冷却液的进口与出口可以与热水利用装置连通。 所述的 "热水利用装置" 是指现有技术中的水暖暖气， 热水养殖等各种热水利用装置。
与 200810243225.4号专利申请一样，本发明的优化方案中的真空集热板可 以釆用硼硅玻璃与石英玻璃组成透光层与集热层，硼硅玻璃与石英玻璃之间焊 接， 组成含有气体吸收剂抽真空的集热板。 其中石英玻璃的膨胀系数小于硼硅 玻璃近一个数量级。 硼硅玻璃为强度较高防冰雹的 3.5mm〜5mm厚， 光透过 率大于 90 %的透光玻璃， 石英玻璃为低膨胀系数的 1.5mm〜3mm厚， 单面 涂有光辐射吸收涂层的集热玻璃 (玻璃厚度选择是根据真空集热板面积大小来 确定）。
所述的光辐射吸收涂层釆用磁控溅射工艺， 溅射黑铬或铝-氮-铝涂层，形 成中温石英玻璃集热层， 溅射氮氧化钛涂层， 形成高温石英玻璃集热层。 中温 石英玻璃集热层受热温度小于 300°C， 高温石英玻璃集热层受热温度小于 500 °C。
作为本发明的进一步改进， 所述的集热层四周靠近边缘的部位分别设有 膨胀量吸收器， 该膨胀量吸收器为延集热层平面分别向四周延伸的波状皱褶。 所述膨胀量吸收器能自适应调节石英玻璃由于温度的变化，吸收石英玻璃尺寸 的膨胀或缩小。 膨胀量吸收器的设计， 重点是解决硼硅玻璃与石英玻璃之间焊 接区域， 两种材料在不同工作温度环境下， 使石英玻璃热胀冷缩引起的应力， 不影响焊接区域长期结构稳定及真空密封。
所述的真空集热板可以釆用 4边形或多边形结构。
本发明提供了太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置，克服了传统的真空 管式太阳能集热器空烧温度达不到所需要的高温温度、 与热辐射温差发 电模块复合无法实现等困难， 实现了利用太阳能直接照射进行的温差发电， 并 提高了太阳能的利用效率与发电效率。
附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例 1的真空集热板结构图；
图 2为图 1的 A-A剖视图；
图 3为图 2的 C局部放大图；
图 4为本发明太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置结构图；
图 5为图 4的 A-A向剖视图；
图 6为本发明半导体温差发电组件中单元模块结构图。
具体实施方式
实施例 1 , 太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置
参照图 1、 图 2和图 3所示， 真空集热板 10从上至下依次由硼硅玻璃 1.1、 支 撑衬垫 1.2、 辐射吸收涂层 1.3、 膨胀量吸收器 1.4、 石英玻璃 1.5、 气封嘴 1.6抽和 玻璃 1.7焊接所组成。 真空集热板中， 石英玻璃单面溅射黑铬或铝-氮-铝涂层， 形成辐射吸收涂层 1.3。石英玻璃 1.5周边通过热加工形成呈一个波状皱褶的膨胀 量吸收器 1.4。 透光硼硅玻璃 1.1与石英玻璃 1.5之间添有玻璃纤维材料的网状支 撑衬垫 1.2, 同时透光硼硅玻璃 1.1与石英玻璃 1.5之间焊接及抽真空， 形成自调 节膨胀应力真空集热板 10, 并在自调节膨胀应力真空集热板内加添钡-钛吸气 剂。 中温自调节膨胀应力真空集热板主要应用在太阳能集热器装置。
参照图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 4和图 5所示， 本实施例为太阳能真空集热板温差 发电与集热装置主要由硼硅玻璃 1.1、 支撑衬垫 1.2、 辐射吸收涂层 1.3、 膨胀量 吸收器 1.4、 石英玻璃 1.5、 抽气封嘴 1.6、 玻璃 1.7焊接、 半导体温差发电组件散 热床 4.1、 半导体温差发电组件 4.2、 PE夕卜壳 4.3、 温差发电组件电源正极 4.4、 温 差发电组件电源负极 4.5、 进液管口 4.6、 保温材料 4.7、 出液管口 4.8、 连接导线 4.9所组成。
参照图 6所示，本实施例所述的半导体温差发电组件中单元模块结构主要 由 P型半导体 5.1、 N型半导体 5.2、 热端导电板 5.4、 热端极板 5.6、 冷端导电 板 5.3、 冷端基板 5.5、 输出电极 +5.8、 输出电极 -5.7所组成。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 设有真空集热板， 该真 空集热板从上至下依次设有透光层和集热层，所述透光层和集热层之间设有网 状支撑衬垫， 所述透光层釆用硼硅玻璃， 所述集热层釆用石英玻璃， 透光层和 集热层的边缘用玻璃密封连接， 所述集热层的上面设有光辐射吸收层， 下面设 有抽气封嘴， 透光层和集热层之间抽为真空， 其特征在于， 所述集热层的下面 设有半导体温差发电组件； 该半导体温差发电组件连接有输出正极与输出负 极； 所述半导体温差发电组件的下面设有散热床， 该散热床浸泡在冷却液里； 冷却液通过冷却液的进口与出口在所述散热床下循环流动。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 其特 征在于， 所述半导体温差发电组件的结构是： 由两块不同性质的 P型半导体与 N型半导体组成电堆， 所述电堆的上面设有热端导电板， 该热端导电板上面设 有热端极板； 所述电堆的下面设有冷端导电板， 该冷端导电板的下面设有冷端 基板； 所述热端极板紧密地设置在上述集热层的下面； 所述冷端基板紧密地设 置在上述散热床的上面； 所述热端导电板与冷端导电板分别与两个输出电极连 接。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 其特 征在于， 所述半导体温差发电组件的散热床结构是： 由周边与进液管、 出液管 焊接密封的铝合金箱体， 铝合金箱体内部有散热翼片， 散热翼片外表面紧贴粘 接半导体温差发电组件冷端极板一面进行热传导，热量通过铝合金箱体内部的 散热翼片加热冷却液，使半导体温差发电组件的热端极板与冷端极板形成温度 差进行发电。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 其特 征在于， 该真空集热板温差发电与集热装置安装在 PE外壳内； 该 PE外壳内 部填充有保温材料。
5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 其特 征在于， 所述半导体温差发电组件的热端基板与真空集热板的联结， 釆用传热 粘接； 所述半导体温差发电组件冷端基板面与散热床的联结， 也是釆用传热粘 接。
6、根据权利要求 1〜5之一所述的太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 其特征在于， 所述的冷却液釆用水或乙醇。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 其特 征在于， 所述冷却液的进口与出口与热水利用装置连通。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 其特 征在于， 所述石英玻璃的膨胀系数小于硼硅玻璃近一个数量级； 所述硼硅玻璃 为强度较高防冰雹的 3.5mm〜5mm厚， 光透过率大于 90 %的透光玻璃， 石 英玻璃为低膨胀系数的 1.5mm〜3mm厚，单面涂有光辐射吸收涂层的集热玻璃。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装置， 其特 征在于， 所述的光辐射吸收涂层釆用磁控溅射工艺， 溅射黑铬或铝-氮-铝涂层， 形成中温石英玻璃集热层， 溅射氮氧化钛涂层， 形成高温石英玻璃集热层。
10、 根据权利要求 7〜9之一所述的太阳能真空集热板温差发电与集热装 置， 其特征在于， 所述的集热层四周靠近边缘的部位分别设有膨胀量吸收 该膨胀量吸收器为延集热层平面分别向四周延伸的波状皱褶。
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