WO2010131053A2 - Flexible member - Google Patents
Flexible member Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010131053A2 WO2010131053A2 PCT/GB2010/050796 GB2010050796W WO2010131053A2 WO 2010131053 A2 WO2010131053 A2 WO 2010131053A2 GB 2010050796 W GB2010050796 W GB 2010050796W WO 2010131053 A2 WO2010131053 A2 WO 2010131053A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- load
- load bearing
- bearing member
- rigid portion
- predetermined
- Prior art date
Links
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- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 10
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/0833—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
- E04F13/0835—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
- E04F13/0837—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements extending completely through the covering elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/43—Floor structures of extraordinary design; Features relating to the elastic stability; Floor structures specially designed for resting on columns only, e.g. mushroom floors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
- F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
Definitions
- the present invention relates to normally rigid members including: structural components such as beams, columns and the like; and connecting components such as mechanical fasteners.
- the invention relates to apparatus having an improved performance during dynamic loading, such as destructive vibrations and movements created during earthquakes; and a method of limiting damage to both the integrity of a structure and its nonstructural elements due to relative displacement or acceleration forces or dynamic loading.
- non-structural components of buildings such as electrical plant, HVAC equipment, windows, ceilings, and external cladding are typically rigidly connected to the building. These non-structural components typically represent around seventy percent of a building value, and the contents of the building can be many times the value of the building. Damage to these non-structural components in an earthquake can result in enormous financial loss, significant business interruption and loss of essential post earthquake services as well as, directly or indirectly, risk to life and injury. Damage surveys of earthquakes have shown that, in many cases, buildings which have only suffered minor structural damage have been rendered uninhabitable and hazardous to life owing to the failure of mechanical and electrical systems and damage to the architectural elements. For all these reasons, the preservation of non-structural components may be equal in importance to maintaining the integrity of the building structure.
- Non-structural elements such as cladding may be damaged during an earthquake due to two distinct mechanisms, namely, relative displacement or acceleration.
- facade elements of the structure it is common for facade elements of the structure to be distorted and shaken free from the exterior surface of the structure. This can be, directly or indirectly, a hazard or risk to life.
- One method of doing this is to provide a flexible, rather than rigid, means of connecting non-structural components to structural components of a structure such as a building.
- the flexible connector may be a compression fixing but the flexibility of the connector may hinder fastening of the connector. For instance, in a connector with a torsional flexibility, the flexibility will act as biasing means during fastening which will bias the connector in an unfastening direction.
- the human body has a mechanism for resisting and reducing damage from unexpected forces and this relies upon the elastic properties of the tendon.
- insulating brick cladding panels are not structural and, in the event of seismic activity, can become dislodged as they do not allow for the movement involved.
- Lightweight construction techniques such as timber frame and metal section rely on cladding systems to provide aesthetics to the structure. These cladding systems do not currently provide a homogonous 'through wall' solution.
- Timber construction relies on the framework to be boarded with structural timber-based sheeting products such as plywood which are costly, heavy, and can absorb moisture making them dimensionally or structurally unstable. Alternatively, cement based particle boards can be used but these are heavy and costly.
- a load bearing member comprising: a first rigid portion adapted to bear a load until the load reaches a predetermined load and thereafter have a reduced or substantially no load bearing capacity; and a second flexible portion adapted to bear the load after the predetermined load is reached, wherein the first rigid portion and the second flexible portion cooperate to bear the load such that the load bearing member is enabled to transform from rigidly to flexibly bearing the load when the predetermined load is reached.
- the term "flexible” is intended to cover any means that allows the second portion to deflect in one or more directions under loading. This includes but is not limited to: a property, such as an elasticity, viscoelasticity or plasticity, of a material forming the second portion; or a geometric configuration that promotes bending, buckling, stretching, compression or rotation of the second portion; or a mechanical arrangement.
- the first rigid portion may be adapted to fail at the predetermined load.
- the first rigid portion may include a weakening feature adapted to fail at the predetermined load. Failure at the predetermined load may be due to a material forming the first rigid portion reaching a failure value. The failure may be due to fracture or plastic collapse or elastic buckling of the material.
- the weakening feature may be adapted to respond more to particular types of loading and less to other types of loading.
- the weakening feature may be provided at a predetermined axial location.
- a weakening feature may be provided at a plurality of predetermined axial locations.
- the load bearing member may include switching means and load sensing means and the load bearing member is adapted to switch from the first rigid portion to the second flexible portion for bearing the load when the predetermined load is reached.
- the load bearing member may be adapted to switch from the second flexible portion to the first rigid portion for bearing the load when the load falls below the predetermined load.
- the first and second portions may be configured to bear a load in parallel.
- the first rigid portion may be arranged to bear the majority of the load prior to the predetermined load is reached.
- the second flexible portion may be provided as an inner core of the structural member and the first rigid portion may substantially surround the inner core.
- the first rigid portion and second flexible portion may be provided as an insert for retrofitting to a conventional structural member.
- the load bearing member may comprise a beam, column, bracket, hanger, strut, axle, cable, pipe, pipe joint, or the like.
- the load bearing member may comprise a compression fastener such as a bolt, nut, rawlplug screw, washer, nail, clamp or the like.
- the load bearing member may comprise a fastener and include a washer member.
- the washer member may comprise a resilient material, such as rubber.
- the washer member may include a recess or cavity adapted to allow displacement of the second flexible portion.
- the cavity may contain a gas such as air.
- the washer may include an aperture having an entrance for the fastener and an exit spaced apart from the entrance and the entrance may be oversized relative to the fastener.
- the load bearing member may include a sleeve member.
- the sleeve member may include a joint portion at a location corresponding to the predetermined axial location.
- the joint portion may be flexible.
- the joint portion may comprise a concertina member.
- the joint portion may be rigid until the predetermined load is reached and thereafter flexible.
- the joint portion may be adapted to fail at the predetermined load.
- the load bearing member may include transformation indicating means adapted to indicate when the load bearing member has transformed from rigidly to flexibly bearing the load.
- the transformation indicating means may comprise colour coding or movement of a flag member from a first position to a second position.
- a testing device may be provided for determining whether the load bearing member has transformed from rigidly to flexibly bearing the load.
- the testing device may cooperate with the transformation indicating means.
- the testing device may be adapted to investigate the state of the first rigid portion.
- the load bearing member may be formed from any suitable material, such as steel, aluminium, plastic or composite.
- the first rigid portion may be formed from a first material and the second flexible portion from a second different material.
- the first material may be selected for its failure characteristics.
- the second material may be selected for its flexibility and/or strength.
- the compression fastener may be adapted for fastening a facade, such as a brick or stone slip system, or any other type of decorative or non decorative element to a structure such as a building.
- the load bearing member may form part of the facade of a building.
- the facade may comprise a plurality of facade elements, such as brick or stone slips, which are attached to a support which is fastened to an exterior surface of the building using a plurality of fasteners.
- One or more of the fasteners may comprise the first rigid portion and the second flexible portion.
- the support may be configured to cover a substantial portion of the exterior surface.
- the facade may include a matrix material interposing the support and the exterior surface.
- the matrix material may comprise a first layer of compressible material, such as foam, and a second layer of rigid material.
- the second layer may include a plurality of cavities.
- the second layer may be a honeycomb material.
- the method may include adapting the first rigid portion to fail at the predetermined load.
- the method may include selecting a material forming the first rigid portion which will reach a failure value at the predetermined load.
- the method may include configuring the first rigid portion to fracture, plastically collapse or elastically buckle at the predetermined load.
- the method may include providing the second flexible portion as an inner core of the structural member and the first rigid portion as substantially surrounding the inner core.
- the method may include providing the first rigid portion as a hollow tubular member and the second flexible portion as an inner wire or the like provided within the tubular member.
- the method may include providing anchor points at each end of the inner wire.
- the method may include forming the second flexible portion by removing material from a solid member to form a waist portion and providing the first rigid portion as a collar member around the waist portion.
- the method may include retrofitting the first rigid portion and second flexible portion to a conventional structural member.
- the method may comprise supporting a plurality of facade elements provided on the exterior surface of a building.
- the facade elements may be attached to a support which is fastened to an exterior surface of the building using a plurality of fasteners.
- One or more of the fasteners may comprise the first rigid portion and the second flexible portion.
- the method may include interposing a matrix material between the support and the exterior surface.
- the matrix material may comprise a first layer of compressible material, such as foam, and a second layer of rigid material.
- the second layer may include a plurality of cavities.
- the second layer may be a honeycomb material.
- a facade system which is installable on the exterior surface of a structure, the facade system comprising: a plurality of facade elements; a support for supporting the facade elements and which is attachable to the exterior surface using a plurality of fasteners; and a matrix material interposing the facade elements and the exterior surface, wherein the matrix material comprises a first layer of compressible material and a second layer of rigid material.
- the first layer may comprise a foam material.
- the second layer may include a plurality of cavities.
- the second layer may be a honeycomb material.
- the matrix material may interpose the support.
- the matrix material may be adapted to provide the support.
- One or more of the fasteners may comprise a first rigid portion and a second flexible portion.
- the first rigid portion may be adapted to fail at the predetermined load. Failure at the predetermined load may be due to a material forming the first rigid portion reaching a failure value.
- Figure 1 is a side view of a fastener according to a first embodiment of the invention
- Figure 2 is a cross sectional side view of the fastener of Figure 1 ;
- Figure 3 is a cross sectional end view of the fastener of Figure 1 ;
- Figure 4 is a cross sectional side view of a fastener according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 5 is a side view of the fastener of Figure 1 fastening a panel to a wall of a building;
- Figure 6 is a perspective view showing a number of variations of washers that can be used with a fastener according to the invention.
- Figures 1 to 3 show a load bearing member which in this embodiment is in the form of a bolt 10.
- the bolt 10 has a first rigid portion comprising a shaft 12 having a hollow portion 14.
- the shaft 12 includes a weakening feature in the form of fracture lines 16 at a distance 100 from the head 18 of the bolt 10.
- the bolt will be subject of various types of loading such as tension, shear and torsion, and torque will be applied to fasten the bolt 10.
- the number, depth and direction of the fracture lines 16 are selected so that the shaft 12 will catastrophically fail at a predetermined load. Therefore, the shaft 12 is adapted to bear a load until the load reaches a predetermined load and thereafter will have no load bearing capacity.
- the direction of the fracture lines 16 can be selected to promote failure from a particular type of loading.
- the fracture lines 16 are normal to the longitudinal axis of the bolt 10. Therefore, tensile and shear loads are more likely to cause fracture than, say, torsional loads. Such loads are more commonly produced during the dynamic loading associated with wave propagation and seismic movement from earthquakes. This feature also minimises the likelihood of undesirable catastrophic failure during fastening of the bolt 10.
- a second flexible portion in the form of a connector wire 20 is provided within the hollow portion 14 between two anchor points.
- the wire is selected to sustain a load which exceeds the intended in service loading demands and therefore a greater load than the predetermined load. Therefore, like a performance enhancing tendon, the wire 20 will bear the load after the predetermined load is reached.
- the hollow portion 14 of the bolt 10 is particularly suitable for resisting bending loads since the material is offset from the centreline of the shaft 12.
- the wire 20 will be flexible during bending as it is positioned at the centreline.
- a wire has an elasticity which allows a degree of elongation during tensile loading. To increase the possible displacement in this direction, the wire 20 may be provided with some slackness.
- a waist portion 22 is formed by removing material from a convention bolt shaft which effectively acts as the flexible wire of the first embodiment due to its reduced diameter.
- a collar 24 is provided around the waist portion 22 which is formed from a brittle material. The brittle material is selected to fail at the predetermined load and thereafter the waist portion 22 will bear all of the loading.
- the first rigid portion and second flexible portion can be provided as an insert for retrofitting to a conventional bolt.
- a range of bolts 10 of the invention can be provided with the fracture lines 16 at a variety of locations to correspond to different standard or non-standard thickness of panels or elements.
- the fracture lines 16 simply have to be located at a distance from the head 18 which corresponds to the thickness of the panel being used.
- packer elements such as washers or straps, can be provided between the head 18 and the panel to ensure that the fracture lines 16 are located at the interface.
- Post-installation adjustment means can be provided.
- the bolt 10 can be adjusted so that the fracture lines are at the interface.
- the bolt 10 can be adapted to have fracture lines 16 at more than one location along its shaft 12, with each location corresponding to an interface of the panels or of a panel and the wall 112. Such a bolt 10 could also be useful for cavity walls.
- the bolt 10 acts as a conventional bolt supporting static loading from the weight of the panelling.
- the hollow portion 14 will support the majority of this static loading.
- the wall 112 which is directly or indirectly rigidly connected to structural components at the ground, will vibrate which will exert dynamic loading on the bolt 10.
- this dynamic loading reaches the predetermined load, the hollow portion 14 will fracture and the wire 20 will then take up the loading.
- the wire provides the dynamic flexibility and inherent strength required. Therefore, the panel 110 will still be fastened to the building but in a more flexible manner which accommodates relative displacement between the panel 110 and the wall 112.
- the bolt 10 can be configured such that, after the hollow portion 14 has fractured, a portion of the hollow portion 14 is sacrificed or released. The remaining portions can provide a failsafe retaining capability.
- the washer can also include a recess or cavity to allow greater displacement of the wire 20 after the predetermined load has been reached.
- the recess provides a volume of space allowing unrestrained movement of the bolt 10 other than at the outer plate.
- the recess also, by removing material from the washer, allows greater deformation of the washer caused by dynamic movement of the bolt 10. In the case of the washer having a cavity, this cavity can be filled with a gas such as air. This arrangement does not interfere with dynamic movement of the bolt 10 but assists in the washer returning to its non-deformed state.
- the load bearing member can include a sleeve which has a joint portion at a location corresponding to the predetermined axial location of the fracture lines 16.
- the joint portion can be flexible such as being formed as a concertina member which allows bending, compression and elongation, or the joint portion can be rigid until failure at the predetermined load and thereafter flexible.
- the sleeve can be adapted to provide the second flexible portion of the load bearing member.
- a testing device may be provided for determining whether the load bearing member has transformed.
- the testing device may cooperate with the transformation indicating means.
- the testing device may be adapted to investigate the state of the first rigid portion, such as by testing the flexibility of the load bearing member.
- the invention may relate to a structural component (a structural part of the building) such as a beam, column or bracket, or it may relate to an insert for such a component.
- a structural component a structural part of the building
- such as a beam, column or bracket or it may relate to an insert for such a component.
- the flexible connector is particularly suitable for attaching a facade system to a building.
- the facade can include a matrix material interposing the support for facade elements (not shown) and the exterior surface.
- the matrix material can comprise a first layer of compressible material, such as foam, and a second layer of rigid material.
- the foam layer has a mesh layer either side bonded on to it using an adhesive.
- the foam layer allows greater relative displacement but is relatively structurally weak.
- the second layer being rigid, is stronger.
- the second layer can be a honeycomb material which includes a number of cavities. These act to absorb vibrations and so limit the propagation of vibrations to the facade elements.
- the embodiment also increases the in-plane shear performance of the facade and its attached elements by enhancing the ability to resist seismic shear forces. This ability to improve and maintain vertical resistance after sustaining significant in-plane shears is due to the embodiment capability to deliver a secure and an elastic response upon demand. Therefore a decrease or loss of in-plane shear strength and stiffness in the facade or (conceivable) out-of-plane structural failure can to some extent be abridged by this embodiment.
- Figure 7 shows another embodiment of a fagade system according to the invention.
- Fixings 30 are used to fix the fagade system to a structural member of the building. These fixings 30 can be a load bearing member, such as the bolt 10, according to the first aspect of the invention.
- Fagade elements 32 are bonded, using an adhesive layer 34 to a mesh layer 36.
- the adhesive layer 34 provides pressure and/or chemical and/or heat bonding of the fagade elements 32.
- the adhesive in liquid form, expands under pressure within a moulding press to achieve homogonous bonding throughout. This layer 34 also prevents water absorption and provides a thermal break between the external fagade elements 32 and the internal structure of the building.
- the mesh layer 36 comprises a rigid or flexible material which is encapsulated within the adhesive layer 34.
- the mesh layer 36 can also provide for spacing and/or support of the fagade elements 32 during the bonding process.
- the mesh 36 can be flat or profiled for reinforcing the overall panel.
- the mesh 36 incorporates alignment markers to facilitate the alignment of the mesh relative to the mould casing and/or fagade elements 32.
- the mesh can be made up from a series of plates, strips or as one continuous sheet.
- connection between panels is provided by members 38 which can either be incorporated into the mesh material or provided as separate elements such as plates, strips, tabs or the like.
- the connection system locates the mesh 36 and fixing points. It can comprise locating members on the perimeter of the mesh 36. These members 38 can interlock the edges of the mesh or the whole panel. When mesh elements and/or whole panels are locked together, a homogonous mesh across a defined section of the building structure is created.
- the fagade elements 32 (which are pre-bonded together under pressure by the adhesive layer 34) are inserted between the locking interface. This covers the join between panels and masks the fixings which are exposed at the locking interface.
- Each panel can have an exposed area measuring half the size of a fagade element 32 so that, when the panels are brought together, a full fagade element can be inserted into the exposed area.
- Inserts 40 can be incorporated into the mesh material or can be provided as a separate element.
- the insert 40 locates the mesh 36 within the mould and positions the mesh 36 relative to the fixing points which are dispersed between fagade elements 32.
- the insert 40 spreads the load of the fixing preventing the head of the fixing from pulling through the surface and damaging the adhesive layer 32.
- a binding element 42 in the form of a sheet material is bonded to the adhesive layer 32 during the pressure bonding process.
- the binding element acts as a medium between the adhesive layer 32 and a second adhesive layer 44. This medium facilitates a strong, keyed bond between the two adhesive layers.
- the second adhesive layer 44 bonds the adhesive layer 32 to a drainable/non drainable honeycomb board 46. By chemically bonding these elements, a strong, rigid, light weight, homogonous panel is created.
- the drainable/non drainable honeycomb board 46 can be made up from a combination of materials such as fibreglass, metals, magnesium oxide board and the like.
- the boards 46 can be vented or unvented and can inhibit or allow the passage of moisture.
- the board 46 has the ability to create a drainable cavity which is a standard requirement for many types of construction under current building regulations. As a result, the honeycomb board 46 bypasses the need for a separate cavity within wall.
- Steel or timber frames 48 are used to create a rigid, light weight structure.
- the frame can use proprietary fixings or load bearing members according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the complete walling system can be mounted in such a way that they can either be attached to the main sub-structure or isolated from the main structure and able to move independently under specific circumstances such as seismic shock. Isolation from the main structure compensates and protects the overall cladding configuration from the effects of love waves and other forces.
- the frame sections are insulated on the internal side of the wall allowing for soft or rigid insulation to be used.
- the facade of the invention provides a holistic solution, rather than an elemental solution, for the external or internal use of walling.
- the core of the system is created in specifically designed moulds which bond (under pressure) the fagade elements 32 to a reinforcing mesh 36. This creates a highly robust and lightweight component. This component is then bonded to a drainable/non- drainable honeycomb board 46. At this stage a rigid panel is created which can then be attached mechanically to frame members.
- the system can be manufactured in flat panels and/or in corner panels which are used for external/internal building corners and reveals.
- the panels are lightweight and strong and structurally stable enabling them to be lifted and transported easily. Due to their light weight, the panels can be aligned and fixed to the frame members with ease. Full wall panels can be assembled quickly as pressure bonding and chemical bonding processes take hours rather than weeks to cure.
- the components of the panels are pre-matched to ensure that all fixings, structural members and fagade elements align and interact in a modular fashion.
- Whole wall systems can be manufactured off-site enabling reduced build schedules with less dependency on weather conditions or wet trades.
- a complete, homogonous through wall solution can be achieved with both external and internal wall finishes being applied onto structural framework off-site.
- Honeycomb board technology combines moisture resistance, light weight, strength, stability and drainable/non-drainable options which create the opportunity to avoid heavy, costly, moisture absorbing sheeting materials.
- Authentic brick finishes can be achieved off-site and in a factory controlled environment.
- the panels provide accurate brick spacing over large areas with the security of chemical and mechanical fixing.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/266,208 US20120042587A1 (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2010-05-17 | Load bearing member |
JP2012510374A JP2012526936A (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2010-05-17 | Flexible material |
EP10720815A EP2430259A2 (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2010-05-17 | Load bearing member |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0908423A GB2470230A (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2009-05-15 | A load-bearing member having a rigid portion and a flexible portion |
GB0908423.7 | 2009-05-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010131053A2 true WO2010131053A2 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
WO2010131053A3 WO2010131053A3 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
Family
ID=40834094
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2010/050796 WO2010131053A2 (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2010-05-17 | Flexible member |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120042587A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2430259A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2012526936A (en) |
GB (1) | GB2470230A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010131053A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2489603A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-03 | David Michael Reid | Minimising damage to buildings due to earthquake |
US20150121792A1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-07 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Composite thermal isolating masonry tie fastener |
TWI514526B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-12-21 | 矽品精密工業股份有限公司 | Carrier member and method for fixing electronic component by using the carrier member |
CN103741828A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-23 | 广西科技大学 | Structural energy dissipation and shock absorption method |
CN104653708B (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2016-09-07 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of cable-rod structure assembling type node |
CN104847110B (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2017-02-22 | 南京敬邺达新型建筑材料有限公司 | Self-shearing pin for heat-insulation building formworks |
US10619353B1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-04-14 | Metal Sales & Service, Inc. | Integrated wall assembly |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3289524A (en) * | 1964-02-28 | 1966-12-06 | Norman N Rubin | Torque limiting nut |
US3381427A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1968-05-07 | George H. Watson | Frangible and expandable assembly for parking meter supports, stanchions, poles and posts |
US3377807A (en) * | 1966-06-15 | 1968-04-16 | Nave Vincent | Anchor bolt assembly |
US3651651A (en) * | 1970-04-03 | 1972-03-28 | Expando Products Co | Shaft securement structure |
US3963099A (en) * | 1975-05-08 | 1976-06-15 | New Zealand Inventions Development Authority | Hysteretic energy absorber |
US4279190A (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1981-07-21 | Hummel Philip H | Break away nail |
JPS6414912U (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1989-01-25 | ||
JPH0247414U (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1990-03-30 | ||
US5061137A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1991-10-29 | Ford Motor Company | Fastener with resilient linking means |
JPH08334113A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-12-17 | Kureha Seiko Kk | Anchor bolt and installation structure adopting the same |
US5921646A (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 1999-07-13 | Kenmark Industrial, Co., Ltd. | Combination of easily assemblable and movable cabinet with its engagement components |
JP3749017B2 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2006-02-22 | 株式会社パイオラックス | Securing clip |
US6623492B1 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2003-09-23 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Tissue fastener |
FR2817303B1 (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2004-04-23 | Prospection & Inventions | EXPANDABLE SOCKET ANKLE WITH COMPRESSIBLE PORTION |
US20020187020A1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-12 | Julien Gerald J. | Nitinol washers |
DE20116249U1 (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2002-01-17 | Kenmark Ind Co Ltd | connecting element |
US6908275B2 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2005-06-21 | Charles Nelson | Fastener having supplemental support and retention capabilities |
NZ534214A (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2006-01-27 | Brl Patents Ltd | Structural connector with bolt assembly expanding sleeve portion which does not contact connected components |
US7413367B2 (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2008-08-19 | Kenmark Industrial Co., Ltd. | Combinational commodity engaging unit |
JP2008303573A (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2008-12-18 | Shinko Wire Co Ltd | Seismically-reinforced cable |
US7837408B2 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2010-11-23 | Kenmark Industrial Co., Ltd. | Board fixing module |
-
2009
- 2009-05-15 GB GB0908423A patent/GB2470230A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-05-17 US US13/266,208 patent/US20120042587A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-05-17 EP EP10720815A patent/EP2430259A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-05-17 JP JP2012510374A patent/JP2012526936A/en active Pending
- 2010-05-17 WO PCT/GB2010/050796 patent/WO2010131053A2/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0908423D0 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
GB2470230A (en) | 2010-11-17 |
US20120042587A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
EP2430259A2 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
JP2012526936A (en) | 2012-11-01 |
WO2010131053A3 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
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