WO2010130159A1 - Method for plasticity forming of wrought magnesium alloy containing rare earth element - Google Patents
Method for plasticity forming of wrought magnesium alloy containing rare earth element Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010130159A1 WO2010130159A1 PCT/CN2010/070218 CN2010070218W WO2010130159A1 WO 2010130159 A1 WO2010130159 A1 WO 2010130159A1 CN 2010070218 W CN2010070218 W CN 2010070218W WO 2010130159 A1 WO2010130159 A1 WO 2010130159A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/06—Alloys based on magnesium with a rare earth metal as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method in the technical field of metal material processing, in particular to a plastic forming method for a rare earth-containing magnesium alloy.
- Magnesium is the lightest structural material, and it also has the advantages of high specific stiffness, specific strength, and easy recycling. Magnesium alloys are widely used in industrial and transportation industries by adding Al, Mn, Zn and rare earth elements to pure magnesium (the total amount is usually less than 15 wt%). Magnesium castings usually have casting defects such as shrinkage, shrinkage, and inclusion, so that their strength and elongation cannot meet practical applications in many fields. In order to make magnesium alloys more widely applicable to structural members, magnesium alloys are required to have higher strength and elongation. The wrought magnesium alloy has higher strength than the cast magnesium alloy, but the application of the wrought magnesium alloy is far less extensive than the cast magnesium alloy due to the molding property and low plasticity.
- the microstructure of the alloy is refined to varying degrees, the texture changes, and the overall properties of the alloy are improved.
- the ECAE process is complex and has not yet been industrialized. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new deformed alloys which have good plasticity by conventional extrusion methods.
- the present invention provides a plastic forming method for a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy by adding the alloying elements and changing the plastic forming process conditions to obtain a highly plastically deformed magnesium rare earth alloy satisfying practical application requirements.
- Such magnesium alloys have superior plasticity and good tensile and compression symmetry than traditional wrought magnesium alloys, and at the same time ensure low cost, and can meet practical needs by controlling components and processes, and are beneficial to a wider range of applications.
- the present invention has been achieved by the following technical solutions, and relates to a plastic forming method for a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy, comprising the steps of:
- the first step the wrought magnesium alloy is obtained by smelting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy is: 1. 5 ⁇ 3. 6% Nd, 0. 3 ⁇ 0. 6 % Zr, 0 ⁇ 0. 5 % Zn, 0 ⁇ 1. 0% heavy metal element, 0 ⁇ 0. 02% impurity element, the balance is Mg, and the wrought magnesium alloy is heat-treated and then subjected to a peeling treatment.
- the impurity element means: one or a combination of Si, Fe, Cu or Ni.
- the heavy metal element means: one of Ti, V or Mn or a combination thereof.
- the heat treatment refers to: placing the wrought magnesium alloy at 530 ° C ⁇ 54 (TC for 10 hours).
- the peeling treatment refers to: using a lathe to remove surface oxide scale after heat treatment of the wrought magnesium alloy.
- pre-heat treatment of the wrought magnesium alloy after peeling treatment placing the wrought magnesium alloy together with the mold at 200 ° C ⁇ 500 ° C for 20 minutes to 2 hours, preheating temperature and predetermined deformation temperature The degree is consistent.
- the mold refers to a mold corresponding to different extrusion ratios during extrusion, and the mold includes a punch and a die, wherein: the punch molds the alloy from the barrel into the die and finally extrudes.
- the preheated wrought magnesium alloy is taken out: an extrusion process, a rolling process or a hot rolling process to realize a plastic process.
- the extrusion process refers to: placing the preheated wrought magnesium alloy in a mold for extrusion process: the selected extrusion temperature ranges from 200 ° C to 500 ° C, and the extrusion ratio ranges: 7 : 1 ⁇ 28 : 1, the extrusion rate range is l ⁇ 100mm/s, the bar is air-cooled or water-cooled.
- the rolling process treatment refers to: the selected rolling temperature range is 200 ° C ⁇ 45 (TC, rolling the preheated wrought magnesium alloy, the single reduction is 10% ⁇ 70%, total The deformation amount is 10% ⁇ 90%, the total pass is 6 ⁇ 12 times, the deformation rate is 5 ⁇ 20m/min, and the rolled plate is air-cooled or water-cooled.
- the hot rolling process refers to: the selected rolling temperature ranges from 250 ° C to 450 ° C, and the hot-rolled wrought magnesium alloy is pre-heated, the total deformation is 20% to 60%, forgings Air or cold.
- the elongation of the rare earth-containing magnesium alloy varies by 10% to 40%, respectively, and the plasticity thereof is remarkably improved as compared with the prior art.
- Example 1 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 1;
- Example 2 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 2;
- Example 3 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 3;
- Example 4 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 4.
- Figure 5 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 5;
- Fig. 6 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy prepared in Example 6.
- Example 1 Plastic forming process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy by extrusion process
- a wrought magnesium alloy obtained by smelting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 3. 0% Nd, 0.5% Zn, and 0.5% Zr of Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr as-cast alloy Heat treating the as-cast alloy, The temperature is 530 ° C, the time is 10 hours, cold water is quenched, and peeled after heat treatment;
- the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy As shown in Fig. 1, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy extruded state are:
- Example 2 Plastic forming process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti alloy by extrusion process
- a wrought magnesium alloy obtained by smelting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 3.0% Nd, 0.2% Zn, 0.3% Zr, and 0.5% Ti Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti as-cast alloy
- the as-cast alloy is heat-treated at a temperature of 530 ° C for 10 hours, quenched by cold water, and peeled after heat treatment;
- the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti alloy in the extruded state are:
- Example 3 Plastic forming process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-V and Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca alloy by extrusion process
- a wrought magnesium alloy is obtained by smelting, and the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 2.5% Nd, 0.2% Zn, 0.6% Zr, and Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr- of 0.3% V or Ca. V or Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca as-cast alloy, heat-treating the as-cast alloy at a temperature of 540 ° C for 10 hours, quenching with cold water, and peeling after heat treatment;
- the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-V or Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca alloy in the extruded state are as follows:
- Example 4 Plastic molding process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy by extrusion process
- composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 3.6% Nd, 0.2% Zn, and 0.5% Zr Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr as-cast alloy, the as-cast alloy Heat treatment, temperature is 400 ° C, time 2 hours, cold water quenching, peeling after heat treatment;
- the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy extruded state are:
- Example 5 Plastic molding process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Mn alloy by extrusion process
- a wrought magnesium alloy obtained by smelting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 1.5% Nd, 0.5% Zn, 0.4% Zr, and 1.0% Mn Mg-Nd- ⁇ - Zr- ⁇ casting State alloy, heat treatment of the as-cast alloy, the temperature is 400 ° C, time 2 hours, cold water quenching, peeling after heat treatment;
- the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy As shown in Fig. 5, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Mn alloy in the extruded state are:
- composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 3.0% Nd, 0.2% Zn, and 0.6% Zr Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr as-cast alloy, the as-cast alloy Heat treatment, temperature is 350 ° C, time 2 hours, cold water quenching, peeling after heat treatment;
- the rolling is performed at a rate of 30% for a single reduction, 50% of total deformation, 5 passes, 10 mm/min, and the plate is water-cooled.
- the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy As shown in Fig. 6, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy extruded state are:
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Abstract
A method for plasticity forming of wrought magnesium alloy containing rare earth elements comprises: subjecting the magnesium alloy, obtained by smelting, to heat treatment and peel off treatment; pre-heating it at 200-500℃ for a period from 20 minutes to 2 hours; and subjecting the pre-heated magnesium alloy to extruding, rolling or hot-rolling treatment. The ingredients of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 1.5-3.6wt% of Nd, 0.3-0.6wt% of Zr, 0-0.5wt% of Zn, 0-1.0wt% of heavy metal elements, 0-0.02wt% of impurities, and the balance of Mg. The prepared magnesium alloy has better plasticity and tensile/compression symmetry than traditional wrought magnesium alloy.
Description
含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法 本申请请要求于 2009 年 5 月 14 日提交中国专利局， 申请号为 200910051169. 9, 发明名称为 "含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法"的中国专利 申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 This paper is submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on May 14, 2009, and the application number is 200910051169. 9. The Chinese patent application titled "Plastic Forming Method of Rare Earth Modified Magnesium Alloy" Priority is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
技术领域 Technical field
本发明涉及的是一种金属材说料加工技术领域的方法，具体是一种含稀土变形 镁合金的塑性成型方法。 The invention relates to a method in the technical field of metal material processing, in particular to a plastic forming method for a rare earth-containing magnesium alloy.
背景技术 书 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
镁作为最轻的结构材料， 同时还具有高比刚度、 比强度、 易于回收等优点。 通过在纯镁中添加 Al、 Mn、 Zn及稀土元素等 （总量通常少于 15 wt%), 镁合金 广泛应用于工业及交通运输业。 镁铸件通常存在缩松、 缩孔和夹杂等铸造缺陷， 使得其强度和延伸率并不能满足许多领域的实际应用。为了使镁合金能更广泛的 应用于结构件， 需要镁合金具有更高的强度和延伸率。变形镁合金比铸造镁合金 具有更高的强度， 但是受成型性能及低塑性的影响， 变形镁合金的应用远没有铸 造镁合金广泛。 Magnesium is the lightest structural material, and it also has the advantages of high specific stiffness, specific strength, and easy recycling. Magnesium alloys are widely used in industrial and transportation industries by adding Al, Mn, Zn and rare earth elements to pure magnesium (the total amount is usually less than 15 wt%). Magnesium castings usually have casting defects such as shrinkage, shrinkage, and inclusion, so that their strength and elongation cannot meet practical applications in many fields. In order to make magnesium alloys more widely applicable to structural members, magnesium alloys are required to have higher strength and elongation. The wrought magnesium alloy has higher strength than the cast magnesium alloy, but the application of the wrought magnesium alloy is far less extensive than the cast magnesium alloy due to the molding property and low plasticity.
经过对现有技术的检索发现， Kim W. J等在 "Texture development and its effect on mechanical properties of an AZ61 Mg al loy favricated by equal channel angular pressing (等角挤压制备 AZ61镁合金的织构演变及其对 AZ61 力学性能的影响）， Acta Material ia 51 (2003) 3293-3307 " 公开文献中记载： 在传统变形镁合金中，强烈的基面织构方向使得变形镁合金在室温下的成型性能 受到很大限制， 通过改变镁合金的织构可以提高其成型性能及塑性。等通道挤压 (ECAE)是一种常采用的控制挤压态镁合金织构的非常规挤压工艺。经过不同道 次后， 合金的组织得到不同程度的细化， 织构发生变化， 合金的综合性能得到提 高。 但是 ECAE工艺流程复杂， 目前还未能实现产业化。 所以， 急需开发新的变 形合金， 通过常规的挤压方式就具有良好的塑性。 After searching for the prior art, Kim W. J et al. in "Texture development and its effect on mechanical properties of an AZ61 Mg al loy favricated by equal channel angular pressing" Its effect on the mechanical properties of AZ61), Acta Material ia 51 (2003) 3293-3307 "Disclosed in the open literature: In the traditional wrought magnesium alloy, the strong basal texture direction makes the deformation properties of wrought magnesium alloy at room temperature subject to Greatly limited, the molding properties and plasticity can be improved by changing the texture of the magnesium alloy. Equal Channel Extrusion (ECAE) is a commonly used unconventional extrusion process that controls the texture of extruded magnesium alloys. After different passes, the microstructure of the alloy is refined to varying degrees, the texture changes, and the overall properties of the alloy are improved. However, the ECAE process is complex and has not yet been industrialized. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new deformed alloys which have good plasticity by conventional extrusion methods.
大量的研究表明了 Nd、 Ce等稀土元素的添加， 可以使得镁合金在经过塑性 变形后， 弱化织构， 优化织构类型， 最终达到提高塑性的目的。
又经检索发现，美国专利申请号 US20090028743," FORMING MAGNESIUM ALLOYS WITH IMPROVED DUCTILITY (高塑性镁合金的制备） "， 记载了一种采用在纯镁中 添加 Ce来改善挤压后的塑性及其成型性能的方法， 拉压不对称性也得到了大幅 改善， 但是强度较低。 A large number of studies have shown that the addition of rare earth elements such as Nd and Ce can make the magnesium alloy weaken the texture after plastic deformation, optimize the texture type, and finally achieve the purpose of improving plasticity. Further, it was found that U.S. Patent Application No. US20090028743, "FORMING MAGNESIUM ALLOYS WITH IMPROVED DUCTILITY", describes the use of adding Ce in pure magnesium to improve the plasticity after extrusion and its forming properties. The method, the tension and compression asymmetry has also been greatly improved, but the strength is low.
再经检索发现， 中国专利授权公告号 CN100335666C, 记载了一种 "含稀土 高强度铸造镁合金及其制备方法"，其中：含 2. 5〜3. 6 %Nd、 0. 35〜0. 8 %Zr、 0〜 0. 4%Zn、 0〜0. 5 %Ca， 杂质元素 Si、 Fe、 Cu和 Ni等总量 0. 02 wt%, 其余为 Mg 的铸造镁合金具有比传统商业铸造镁合金更优秀的室温力学性能， 但其塑性 仍未能满足对高塑性的要求。 5 %Nd, 0. 35〜0. 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 %Zr, 0~0. 4% Zn, 0~0. 5 % Ca, impurity elements such as Si, Fe, Cu and Ni, etc. 0. 02 wt%, the remainder of Mg cast magnesium alloy has a higher than conventional commercial cast magnesium The alloy has better room temperature mechanical properties, but its plasticity still fails to meet the requirements for high plasticity.
综上所述，现阶段急需一种将镁合金通过控制成分及塑性成型工艺开发成高 塑性变形镁合金的低成本方法。 In summary, at this stage, there is an urgent need for a low-cost method for developing magnesium alloys into highly plastically deformed magnesium alloys through controlled components and plastic forming processes.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
本发明针对现有技术存在的上述不足，提供一种含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成 型方法， 通过添加合金元素及改变塑性成形工艺条件， 获得满足实际应用要求的 高塑性变形镁稀土合金，制得的此类镁合金具有比传统变形镁合金优越的塑性及 很好的拉压对称性上， 同时保证成本低廉， 可以通过控制成分及工艺达到实际需 要， 利于更广泛的应用。 The present invention provides a plastic forming method for a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy by adding the alloying elements and changing the plastic forming process conditions to obtain a highly plastically deformed magnesium rare earth alloy satisfying practical application requirements. Such magnesium alloys have superior plasticity and good tensile and compression symmetry than traditional wrought magnesium alloys, and at the same time ensure low cost, and can meet practical needs by controlling components and processes, and are beneficial to a wider range of applications.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的，本发明涉及含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成 型方法， 包括以下步骤： The present invention has been achieved by the following technical solutions, and relates to a plastic forming method for a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy, comprising the steps of:
第一步、 通过熔炼得到变形镁合金， 该变形镁合金的组分及质量百分比为： 1. 5〜3. 6 %的 Nd、 0. 3〜0. 6 %的 Zr、 0〜0. 5 %的 Zn、 0〜1. 0 %的重金属元素、 0〜0. 02 %的杂质元素， 余量为 Mg， 对该变形镁合金进行热处理后再进行去皮处 理。 The first step, the wrought magnesium alloy is obtained by smelting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy is: 1. 5~3. 6% Nd, 0. 3~0. 6 % Zr, 0~0. 5 % Zn, 0~1. 0% heavy metal element, 0~0. 02% impurity element, the balance is Mg, and the wrought magnesium alloy is heat-treated and then subjected to a peeling treatment.
所述的杂质元素是指： Si、 Fe、 Cu或 Ni中的一种或其组合。 The impurity element means: one or a combination of Si, Fe, Cu or Ni.
所述的重金属元素是指： Ti、 V或 Mn中的一种或其组合。 The heavy metal element means: one of Ti, V or Mn or a combination thereof.
所述的热处理是指： 将变形镁合金置于 530°C〜54(TC下保温 10小时。 所述的去皮处理是指： 采用车床对热处理后的变形镁合金去除表面氧化皮。 第二步、将经过去皮处理后的变形镁合金进行预热处理： 将变形镁合金和模 具一同置于在 200°C〜500°C环境下 20分钟至 2小时， 预热温度与预定的变形温
度一致。 The heat treatment refers to: placing the wrought magnesium alloy at 530 ° C ~ 54 (TC for 10 hours). The peeling treatment refers to: using a lathe to remove surface oxide scale after heat treatment of the wrought magnesium alloy. Step, pre-heat treatment of the wrought magnesium alloy after peeling treatment: placing the wrought magnesium alloy together with the mold at 200 ° C ~ 500 ° C for 20 minutes to 2 hours, preheating temperature and predetermined deformation temperature The degree is consistent.
所述的模具是指挤压时不同挤压比对应的模具， 该模具包括凸模和凹模， 其 中： 凸模将合金由料筒中挤入凹模中， 最后挤出。 The mold refers to a mold corresponding to different extrusion ratios during extrusion, and the mold includes a punch and a die, wherein: the punch molds the alloy from the barrel into the die and finally extrudes.
第三步、 取出预热后的变形镁合金进行： 挤压工艺处理、 轧制工艺处理或热 轧工艺处理以实现塑性工艺。 In the third step, the preheated wrought magnesium alloy is taken out: an extrusion process, a rolling process or a hot rolling process to realize a plastic process.
所述的挤压工艺处理是指： 将预热后的变形镁合金置于模具中进行挤压工艺 处理： 选定的挤压温度范围为 200°C〜500°C， 挤压比范围： 7: 1〜28: 1， 挤压 速率范围 l〜100mm/s， 棒材空冷或水冷。 The extrusion process refers to: placing the preheated wrought magnesium alloy in a mold for extrusion process: the selected extrusion temperature ranges from 200 ° C to 500 ° C, and the extrusion ratio ranges: 7 : 1~28 : 1, the extrusion rate range is l~100mm/s, the bar is air-cooled or water-cooled.
所述的轧制工艺处理是指： 选定的轧制温度范围 200°C〜45(TC， 对预热后的 变形镁合金进行轧制， 单次压下量为 10%〜70%， 总变形量为 10%〜90%， 总道次 为 6〜12道次， 变形速率为 5〜20m/min， 轧板空冷或水冷。 The rolling process treatment refers to: the selected rolling temperature range is 200 ° C ~ 45 (TC, rolling the preheated wrought magnesium alloy, the single reduction is 10% ~ 70%, total The deformation amount is 10%~90%, the total pass is 6~12 times, the deformation rate is 5~20m/min, and the rolled plate is air-cooled or water-cooled.
所述的热轧工艺处理是指： 选定的轧制温度范围为 250°C〜450°C， 对预热后 的变形镁合金进行热轧， 总变形量为 20%〜60%， 锻压件空冷或水冷。 The hot rolling process refers to: the selected rolling temperature ranges from 250 ° C to 450 ° C, and the hot-rolled wrought magnesium alloy is pre-heated, the total deformation is 20% to 60%, forgings Air or cold.
经过本发明涉及的塑性成形工艺制备后， 该含稀土镁合金的延伸率的变化幅 度分别为 10%〜40%， 其塑性与现有技术相比显著提高。 After the preparation by the plastic forming process of the present invention, the elongation of the rare earth-containing magnesium alloy varies by 10% to 40%, respectively, and the plasticity thereof is remarkably improved as compared with the prior art.
附图说明 DRAWINGS
图 1为实施例 1制备所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线； 1 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 1;
图 2为实施例 2制备所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线； 2 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 2;
图 3为实施例 3制备所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线； 3 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 3;
图 4为实施例 4制备所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线； 4 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 4;
图 5为实施例 5制备所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线； Figure 5 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the magnesium alloy prepared in Example 5;
图 6为实施例 6制备所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线。 Fig. 6 is a room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy prepared in Example 6.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下 进行实施， 给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程， 但本发明的保护范围不限 于下述的实施例。 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and the detailed implementation manner and the specific operation process are given. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following implementation. example.
实施例 1 通过挤压工艺处理制备 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金的塑性成形工艺 Example 1 Plastic forming process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy by extrusion process
( 1 )通过熔炼得到变形镁合金，该变形镁合金的组分及质量百分比为： 3. 0 % Nd、 0. 5 %Zn以及 0. 5 %Zr的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr铸态合金，对该铸态合金进行热处理，
温度为 530°C， 时间 10小时， 冷水淬水， 热处理后去皮； (1) A wrought magnesium alloy obtained by smelting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 3. 0% Nd, 0.5% Zn, and 0.5% Zr of Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr as-cast alloy Heat treating the as-cast alloy, The temperature is 530 ° C, the time is 10 hours, cold water is quenched, and peeled after heat treatment;
(2) 对去皮后的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金在 200°C下预热 2小时； (2) pre-heating the peeled Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy at 200 ° C for 2 hours;
(3) 在 200°C下利用 1 mm/s的速率和 7: 1的挤压比进行挤压， 挤出物直 接水冷。 (3) Extrusion at 200 ° C using a 1 mm/s extrusion rate and a 7:1 extrusion ratio, the extrudate is directly water cooled.
如图 1所示， 为所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线， 该 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金挤压 态的室温力学性能为： As shown in Fig. 1, the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy extruded state are:
抗拉强度： 339.58MPa， 屈服强度： 332.83MPa， 延伸率： 13.72%， 压缩屈服 强度： 223.43MPa; Tensile strength: 339.58MPa, yield strength: 332.83MPa, elongation: 13.72%, compressive yield strength: 223.43MPa;
屈服拉压不对称性： 48.96%, 拉伸屈强比： 0.980。 Yield and compression asymmetry: 48.96%, tensile yield ratio: 0.980.
实施例 2 通过挤压工艺制备 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti合金的塑性成形工艺 Example 2 Plastic forming process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti alloy by extrusion process
( 1)通过熔炼得到变形镁合金，该变形镁合金的组分及质量百分比为： 3.0% Nd、 0.2%Zn、 0.3%Zr以及 0.5%Ti的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti铸态合金， 对该铸态合 金进行热处理， 温度为 530°C， 时间 10小时， 冷水淬水， 热处理后去皮； (1) A wrought magnesium alloy obtained by smelting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 3.0% Nd, 0.2% Zn, 0.3% Zr, and 0.5% Ti Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti as-cast alloy The as-cast alloy is heat-treated at a temperature of 530 ° C for 10 hours, quenched by cold water, and peeled after heat treatment;
(2) 对去皮的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti合金在 400°C下预热 0.5小时； (2) preheating the peeled Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti alloy at 400 ° C for 0.5 hours;
(3) 在 400°C下利用 50 mm/s的速率和 28: 1的挤压比进行挤压， 挤出物 空冷。 (3) Extrusion was carried out at 400 ° C using a rate of 50 mm/s and an extrusion ratio of 28:1.
如图 2所示， 为所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线， 该 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti合金 挤压态的室温力学性能为： As shown in Fig. 2, the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ti alloy in the extruded state are:
抗拉强度： 227.03MPa， 屈服强度： 163.88MPa， 延伸率： 28.97%， 压缩屈服 强度： 157.62MPa; Tensile strength: 227.03MPa, Yield strength: 163.88MPa, Elongation: 28.97%, Compressive yield strength: 157.62MPa;
屈服拉压不对称性： 3.976%， 拉伸屈强比： 0.722。 Yield and compression asymmetry: 3.976%, tensile yield ratio: 0.722.
实施例 3 通过挤压工艺处理制备 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-V以及 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca合金 的塑性成形工艺 Example 3 Plastic forming process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-V and Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca alloy by extrusion process
(1)通过熔炼得到变形镁合金，该变形镁合金的组分及质量百分比为：2.5% Nd、 0.2%Zn、 0.6%Zr以及 0· 3%V或 Ca的 Mg- Nd- Zn- Zr- V或 Mg- Nd- Zn- Zr- Ca 铸态合金， 对该铸态合金进行热处理， 温度为 540°C， 时间 10小时， 冷水淬水， 热处理后去皮； (1) A wrought magnesium alloy is obtained by smelting, and the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 2.5% Nd, 0.2% Zn, 0.6% Zr, and Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr- of 0.3% V or Ca. V or Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca as-cast alloy, heat-treating the as-cast alloy at a temperature of 540 ° C for 10 hours, quenching with cold water, and peeling after heat treatment;
(2)对去皮后的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-V或 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca合金在 500°C下预热 20 分钟； (2) pre-heating the peeled Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-V or Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca alloy at 500 ° C for 20 minutes;
(3) 在 500°C下利用 10 mm/s的速率和 9: 1的挤压比进行挤压， 挤出物直
接水冷。 (3) Extrusion at 500 ° C with a rate of 10 mm / s and an extrusion ratio of 9: 1 Water is cold.
如图 3 所示， 为所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线， 该 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-V 或 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca合金挤压态的室温力学性能为： As shown in Fig. 3, for the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-V or Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Ca alloy in the extruded state are as follows:
抗拉强度： 222.01MPa， 屈服强度： 151.68MPa， 延伸率： 42.94%， 压缩屈服 强度： 144.77MPa; Tensile strength: 222.01MPa, yield strength: 151.68MPa, elongation: 42.94%, compression yield strength: 144.77MPa;
屈服拉压不对称性： 4.77%, 拉伸屈强比： 0.683。 Yield and compression asymmetry: 4.77%, tensile yield ratio: 0.683.
实施例 4 通过挤压工艺处理制备 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金的塑性成型工艺 Example 4 Plastic molding process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy by extrusion process
( 1)通过熔炼得到变形镁合金，该变形镁合金的组分及质量百分比为： 3.6% Nd、0.2%Zn以及 0.5%Zr的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr铸态合金，对该铸态合金进行热处理， 温度为 400°C， 时间 2小时， 冷水淬水， 热处理后去皮； (1) obtaining a wrought magnesium alloy by melting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 3.6% Nd, 0.2% Zn, and 0.5% Zr Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr as-cast alloy, the as-cast alloy Heat treatment, temperature is 400 ° C, time 2 hours, cold water quenching, peeling after heat treatment;
(2) 对去皮的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金在 300°C下预热 20分钟； (2) pre-heating the peeled Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy at 300 ° C for 20 minutes;
(3) 在 300°C下利用 100 mm/s的速率和 16: 1的挤压比进行挤压， 挤出物 直接水冷。 (3) Extrusion was carried out at 300 ° C using a rate of 100 mm/s and an extrusion ratio of 16:1, and the extrudate was directly water-cooled.
如图 4所示， 为所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线， 该 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金挤压 态的室温力学性能为： As shown in Fig. 4, the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy extruded state are:
抗拉强度： 220.45MPa， 屈服强度： 168.98MPa， 延伸率： 30.83%, 压缩屈服 强度： 175.31MPa; Tensile strength: 220.45MPa, yield strength: 168.98MPa, elongation: 30.83%, compression yield strength: 175.31MPa;
屈服拉压不对称性： -3.61%, 拉伸屈强比： 0.767。 Yield and compression asymmetry: -3.61%, tensile yield ratio: 0.767.
实施例 5 通过挤压工艺处理制备 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Mn合金的塑性成型工艺 Example 5 Plastic molding process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Mn alloy by extrusion process
(1)通过熔炼得到变形镁合金，该变形镁合金的组分及质量百分比为： 1.5% Nd、 0.5%Zn、 0.4%Zr以及 1· 0%Mn的 Mg- Nd- Ζη- Zr- Μη铸态合金， 对该铸态合 金进行热处理， 温度为 400°C， 时间 2小时， 冷水淬水， 热处理后去皮； (1) A wrought magnesium alloy obtained by smelting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 1.5% Nd, 0.5% Zn, 0.4% Zr, and 1.0% Mn Mg-Nd- Ζη- Zr- Μη casting State alloy, heat treatment of the as-cast alloy, the temperature is 400 ° C, time 2 hours, cold water quenching, peeling after heat treatment;
(2) 对去皮的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Mn合金在 300°C下预热 20分钟； (2) pre-heating the peeled Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Mn alloy at 300 ° C for 20 minutes;
(3) 在 300°C下利用 80 mm/s的速率和 9: 1的挤压比进行挤压， 挤出物水 冷。 (3) Extrusion was carried out at 300 ° C using a rate of 80 mm/s and a compression ratio of 9:1.
如图 5所示， 为所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线， 该 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Mn合金 挤压态的室温力学性能为： As shown in Fig. 5, the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-Mn alloy in the extruded state are:
抗拉强度： 239.86MPa， 屈服强度： 197.94MPa， 延伸率： 28.23%， 压缩屈服 强度： 177.35MPa; Tensile strength: 239.86MPa, yield strength: 197.94MPa, elongation: 28.23%, compressive yield strength: 177.35MPa;
屈服拉压不对称性： 11.61%, 拉伸屈强比： 0.825。
实施例 6 通过轧制工艺处理制备 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金的塑性成型工艺 Yield and compression asymmetry: 11.61%, tensile yield ratio: 0.825. Example 6 Plastic molding process for preparing Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy by rolling process
( 1)通过熔炼得到变形镁合金，该变形镁合金的组分及质量百分比为： 3.0% Nd、0.2%Zn以及 0.6%Zr的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr铸态合金，对该铸态合金进行热处理， 温度为 350°C， 时间 2小时， 冷水淬水， 热处理后去皮； (1) obtaining a wrought magnesium alloy by melting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy are: 3.0% Nd, 0.2% Zn, and 0.6% Zr Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr as-cast alloy, the as-cast alloy Heat treatment, temperature is 350 ° C, time 2 hours, cold water quenching, peeling after heat treatment;
(2) 对去皮的 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金在 350°C下预热 25分钟； (2) preheating the peeled Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy at 350 ° C for 25 minutes;
(3)在 350°C下， 以单次压下量为 30%， 总变形量为 50%， 5道次， 10 mm/min 的速率进行轧制， 轧板水冷。 (3) At 350 ° C, the rolling is performed at a rate of 30% for a single reduction, 50% of total deformation, 5 passes, 10 mm/min, and the plate is water-cooled.
如图 6所示， 为所得镁合金的室温拉伸压缩曲线， 该 Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金挤压 态的室温力学性能为： As shown in Fig. 6, the room temperature tensile compression curve of the obtained magnesium alloy, the room temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy extruded state are:
抗拉强度： 286.18MPa， 屈服强度： 274.74MPa， 延伸率： 18.08%, 压缩屈服 强度： 194.98MPa; Tensile strength: 286.18MPa, yield strength: 274.74MPa, elongation: 18.08%, compression yield strength: 194.98MPa;
屈服拉压不对称性： 36.69%， 拉伸屈强比： 0.960。
Yield and compression asymmetry: 36.69%, tensile yield ratio: 0.960.
Claims
1、 一种含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法， 其特征在于， 包括以下步骤： 第一步、 通过熔炼得到变形镁合金， 该变形镁合金的组分及质量百分比为：A plastic forming method for a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy, comprising the steps of: the first step of obtaining a wrought magnesium alloy by smelting, the composition and mass percentage of the wrought magnesium alloy being:
1. 5〜3. 6 %的 Nd、 0. 3〜0. 6 %的 Zr、 0〜0. 5 %的 Zn、 0〜1. 0 %的重金属元素、 0〜0. 02 %的杂质元素， 余量为 Mg， 对该变形镁合金进行热处理后再进行去皮处 理； 2 %的含量元素。 0%, 0% 0. 0% of Zn, 0~1. 0% of heavy metal elements, 0~0. 02% of impurity elements , the remaining amount is Mg, and the wrought magnesium alloy is subjected to heat treatment and then subjected to peeling treatment;
第二步、将经过去皮处理后的变形镁合金进行预热处理： 将变形镁合金和模 具一同置于在 200°C〜500°C环境下 20分钟至 2小时， 预热温度与预定的变形温 度一致； The second step, pre-heat treatment of the wrought magnesium alloy after the peeling treatment: placing the wrought magnesium alloy together with the mold at 200 ° C ~ 500 ° C for 20 minutes to 2 hours, preheating temperature and predetermined The deformation temperature is consistent;
第三步、 取出预热后的变形镁合金进行： 挤压工艺处理、 轧制工艺处理或热 轧工艺处理以实现塑性工艺。 In the third step, the preheated wrought magnesium alloy is taken out: an extrusion process, a rolling process or a hot rolling process to realize a plastic process.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法， 其特征是， 所述的杂质元素是指： Si、 Fe、 Cu或 Ni中的一种或其组合。 The plastic forming method of a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the impurity element means: one or a combination of Si, Fe, Cu or Ni.
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法， 其特征是， 所述的重金属元素是指： Ti、 V或 Mn中的一种或其组合。 3. The plastic forming method of a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the heavy metal element means: one of Ti, V or Mn or a combination thereof.
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法， 其特征是， 所述的热处理是指： 将变形镁合金置于 530°C〜54(TC下保温 10小时。 4. The plastic forming method of a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment means: tempering the magnesium alloy at 530 ° C to 54 (TC for 10 hours).
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法， 其特征是， 所述的去皮处理是指： 采用车床对热处理后的变形镁合金去除表面氧化皮。 The plastic forming method of the rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the peeling treatment refers to: removing the surface scale by using a lathe on the heat-treated wrought magnesium alloy.
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法， 其特征是， 所述的模具包括凸模和凹模，其中： 凸模将合金由料筒中挤入凹模中，最后挤出。 6. The plastic forming method of a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the mold comprises a punch and a die, wherein: the punch molds the alloy from the barrel into the die, and finally Extrusion.
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法， 其特征是， 所述的挤压工艺处理是指： 将预热后的变形镁合金置于模具中进行挤压工艺处 理： 选定的挤压温度范围为 200°C〜500°C， 挤压比范围： 7: 1〜28: 1， 挤压速 率范围 l〜100mm/s， 棒材空冷或水冷。 7. The plastic forming method of a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion process comprises: placing a preheated wrought magnesium alloy in a mold for extrusion processing. : The selected extrusion temperature range is 200 ° C ~ 500 ° C, extrusion ratio range: 7 : 1 ~ 28 : 1, extrusion rate range l ~ 100mm / s, bar air-cooled or water-cooled.
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法， 其特征是， 所述的轧制工艺处理是指： 选定的轧制温度范围 200°C〜45(TC， 对预热后的变 形镁合金进行轧制， 单次压下量为 10%〜70%， 总变形量为 10%〜90%， 总道次为
6〜12道次， 变形速率为 5〜20m/min， 轧板空冷或水冷。 8. The plastic forming method of a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the rolling process comprises: a selected rolling temperature range of 200 ° C to 45 (TC, for pre- The hot deformed magnesium alloy is rolled, the single reduction is 10%~70%, and the total deformation is 10%~90%. The total pass is 6~12 passes, the deformation rate is 5~20m/min, and the rolled plate is air-cooled or water-cooled.
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的含稀土变形镁合金的塑性成型方法， 其特征是， 所述的热轧工艺处理是指： 选定的轧制温度范围为 250°C〜45(TC， 对预热后的 变形镁合金进行热轧， 总变形量为 20%〜60%， 锻压件空冷或水冷。
9. The plastic forming method of a rare earth-containing wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the hot rolling process refers to: the selected rolling temperature ranges from 250 ° C to 45 (TC, The preheated wrought magnesium alloy is hot rolled, and the total deformation is 20% to 60%, and the forging is air-cooled or water-cooled.
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| CN115233060B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2023-02-03 | 吉林大学 | High-strength weak-texture Mg-Zn-Y-Ca-Zr magnesium alloy with low alloy content and preparation method thereof |
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