WO2010120040A2 - Ieee 802.11 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법 - Google Patents
Ieee 802.11 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010120040A2 WO2010120040A2 PCT/KR2010/001202 KR2010001202W WO2010120040A2 WO 2010120040 A2 WO2010120040 A2 WO 2010120040A2 KR 2010001202 W KR2010001202 W KR 2010001202W WO 2010120040 A2 WO2010120040 A2 WO 2010120040A2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
- H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/90—Buffering arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
- H04W80/04—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an IEEE 802.11 WLAN, and more particularly, to a communication method and a WLAN station between stations in an IEEE 802.11 WLAN environment.
- Basic IEEE 802.11 standard [IEEE 802.11 WG, Part 11: Wireless LAN MAC and PHY specification, IEEE Standard, Aug. 1999.] assumes that all stations belonging to a BSS are set to a single channel (BSS channel) for communication with an access point (AP), and all traffic originating from a station (STA) is passed through the AP to its destination. do.
- BSS basic service set
- a station means a device capable of wireless communication as a member of one BSS.
- the IEEE 802.11 standard in case of station-to-station traffic generated within the BSS, two transmissions from a transmitting station to an AP and an AP to a receiving station are made twice even though the distance between the two is close enough. It causes waste.
- the DLS defined here allows the QAP (QoS-enabled AP) to be the principal to establish a direct link call between two stations, and subsequently to directly transmit and receive traffic between stations for a certain period of time, thereby improving the efficiency of radio channel resources. Double it up.
- the present invention provides a communication method between stations using multiple channels in an IEEE 802.11 WLAN environment.
- the present invention provides a direct link establishment method and a WLAN station for communicating between a station and an AP and establishing a direct link between stations using multiple channels in an IEEE 802.11 WLAN environment.
- the present invention provides a multicast method in an IEEE 802.11 WLAN environment.
- a direct link setting method in a station of an IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN environment includes: (a) an access point (AP) when traffic destined for another station from the station occurs; Negotiating with the other station to establish a direct link to a secondary channel, which is a wireless channel other than a basic service set (BSS) channel used for communication; (b) switching the operating channel of the station from the BSS channel to the secondary channel if the negotiation succeeds in establishing a direct link to the secondary channel as a result of the negotiation; And (c) transmitting data of the generated traffic to the other station through the secondary channel.
- AP access point
- BSS basic service set
- the step (a) may include: transmitting a direct link establishment request containing information of the secondary channel to the other station via the AP; And when receiving a direct link establishment response from the other station via the AP, transmitting an ACK to the other station via the AP.
- the direct link setting method may further include transmitting data of the generated traffic to the other station through the BSS channel when the negotiation succeeds in establishing a direct link to the BSS channel as a result of the negotiation. .
- the direct link establishment method may include: (d) releasing direct link establishment with another station when traffic destined for the AP is generated at the station after step (c); (e) switching an operating channel of the station from the secondary channel to the BSS channel; And (f) transmitting data of the generated traffic to the AP via the BSS channel.
- step (d) comprises: transmitting a direct link release request to the other station; And receiving an ACK from the other station.
- the direct link setting method sets a direct link only to the BSS channel when traffic destined for the other station occurs when a predetermined time has not elapsed since the last transmission and reception of data with the AP after step (e).
- the method may further include performing negotiation with the other station.
- the direct link setting method further comprises performing a direct link to the secondary channel when traffic destined for the other station occurs after a predetermined time has elapsed since the last transmission and reception of data with the AP after step (e).
- the method may further include performing negotiation with the other station to establish.
- the method for establishing a direct link in an IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN environment may include: (a) the first station or the second station, when traffic destined for the other party is generated; And a second station negotiating for establishing a direct link to a secondary channel, which is a wireless channel other than a basic service set (BSS) channel used for communicating with an access point (AP); (b) the first station and the second station switching an operation channel from the BSS channel to the secondary channel when the negotiation succeeds in establishing a direct link to the secondary channel as a result of the negotiation; And (c) the first station or the second station transmitting data of the generated traffic to the other party through the secondary channel.
- BSS basic service set
- the direct link setting method may include: (d) when the traffic destined for the AP is generated at the first station or the second station after the step (c), the first station and the second station communicate with each other. Disabling the direct link setting; (e) switching, from the secondary channel to the BSS channel, an operating channel of the first station and the second station having traffic destined for the AP; And (f) the station generating traffic destined for the AP transmitting data of the generated traffic to the AP through the BSS channel.
- the method may further include performing negotiation with a counterpart station to establish a direct link only to the BSS channel.
- the method may further include performing negotiation with a counterpart station for establishing a direct link to the secondary channel.
- FIG. 1 and 2 are conceptual diagrams of wireless network systems according to embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an operation procedure diagram illustrating a combining process for data transmission in the WLAN system of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a reference diagram for explaining an operation of establishing a direct link between two stations in the iDLS.
- FIG. 7 is a reference diagram for explaining the efficiency of radio channel resources using a direct link establishment method according to a conventional DLS or the iDLS.
- FIG. 8 is a reference diagram for explaining a concept in which the use efficiency of radio channel resources is further increased when a direct link is established using a channel other than the BSS channel.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a station for an IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow between stations and an AP or between stations according to DLS or iDLS in a WLAN environment as shown in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow between stations and an AP or between stations according to an embodiment of the present invention in a WLAN environment as shown in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method for establishing a direct link in an IEEE 802.11 WLAN environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of signal flow that may occur at two stations and an AP through the processes of steps 710 to 740 of FIG. 12.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a signal flow that may occur in a BSS by a direct link establishment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 15 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a direct link is established and occupied by each channel according to a T_staying time by a direct link setting method according to an embodiment of the present invention
- 17 is a flowchart illustrating a multicast session according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are conceptual diagrams of wireless network systems according to embodiments of the present invention.
- the same components in FIGS. 1 and 2 use the same reference numerals.
- a wireless network system for example, a wireless LAN system 10 includes a plurality of stations or terminals 12, an access point or a wireless base station 14, a backbone network or a distribution system ( 16).
- the plurality of stations 14 may be equipped with a network interface card for a wireless LAN to perform operations of a physical layer and a MAC layer based on the IEEE 802.11 standard.
- a plurality of stations 12 are coupled to an access point 14 to transmit data frames.
- the access point 14 performs a wired / wireless interworking bridge function of relaying a frame transmitted from one station to another station. This access point 14 performs the same function as a bridge or switch of Ethernet.
- the access point 14 since the access point includes basically the same physical layer and MAC layer as the station 12 described above, the access point 14 may basically perform the same operation as the station 12. Thus, the access point 14 may be considered the same as the station 12 as needed.
- the distribution system 16 is a backbone network connecting several access points 14.
- the distribution system 16 generally uses Ethernet, but can also wirelessly connect multiple access points.
- the distribution system 16 may include routers or switches connected to Ethernet and servers connected to wired and wireless Internet networks.
- a wireless network system for example, a wireless LAN system 10 includes a plurality of stations or terminals 12.
- the WLAN system 10 is directly connected point-to-point between a plurality of stations 12.
- a separate access point 14 or a distribution system 16 does not exist, and a plurality of stations 12 may replace their roles, Some roles or functions may be omitted.
- a wireless network system including a WLAN system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto and a combination thereof or none at all. It can be implemented in other systems.
- the wireless network system according to an embodiment of the present invention may exist alone, but may interwork with another wireless network system, a mobile communication network, or a wired / wireless internet network.
- the WLAN system may provide roaming service by interworking with a mobile communication network.
- a dual band dual mode (DBDM) terminal supporting both WLAN and WCDMA performs a voice call using a mobile communication network, and then supports the WLAN system.
- DBDM dual band dual mode
- the wireless LAN system can be automatically roaming seamlessly.
- the wireless LAN system 10 shown in FIG. 1 or the wireless LAN system 10 shown in FIG. 2 is connected between the stations 12 or between the station 12 and the access point 14, data must be transmitted. Can transmit
- FIG. 3 is an operation procedure diagram illustrating a combining process for data transmission in the WLAN system of FIG. 2.
- the wireless LAN system of FIG. 2 and the various wireless network systems described above are partially different from those of FIG. 3, detailed descriptions are omitted since they include a coupling process for transmitting substantially the same data.
- the combining process 20 for data transmission between the station 12 and the access point 14 in the WLAN system 10 includes a scanning process (S30) and an authentication process (Authentication). , S32), Association (S34).
- the station 12 and the access point 14 perform a data transmission process (Data Transmission, S36) via the above processes (S30, S32, S34).
- the searching process S30 is a process of finding a neighboring access point 14 using a beacon or a probe message.
- the discovery process S30 may include passive scanning to find the access point 14 from a beacon message periodically transmitted by the access point 14, and the station 12 may request a probe. ), And receives an probe response containing its SSID (Service Set ID) and operation speed from the access point 14 to select the corresponding access point 14.
- the beacon message stores various capabilities (speed, encryption, etc.) that the access point 14 can support, and an SSID (Service Set ID) which is a service group name to which the access point 14 belongs.
- the authentication process (S32) is a process in which the station 12 that selects the appropriate access point 14 by the discovery process S30 proves that it is a valid terminal for the access point 14. That is, the authentication process S32 is a process of negotiating the authentication procedure and the encryption method with the access point 14. In most cases, since the Open System authentication method is used, the access point 14 authenticates the authentication request from the station unconditionally.
- Enhanced authentication methods include IEEE 802.1x-based EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, EAP-FAST, and PEAP.
- S34 is a process in which the station 12 accesses the access point 14 after successful authentication.
- the connection process S34 means establishing an identifiable connection between the station 12 and the access point 14.
- the station 12 may communicate with another station 14 via the access point 14.
- step S34 when the station 12 transmits an association request to the access point 14, the connection response in which the access point 14 stores an association ID (AID) that can be distinguished from other stations. (Association Response).
- AID association ID
- the station 12 and the access point 14 perform a data transmission process (S36) via the above processes (S30, S32, S34).
- the reconnection process is a process in which the station 12 connects with the access point 14 connected to another access point.
- the reconnection process is a process of establishing a new association with another new access point 14 when the signal weakens from the access point 14 to which the station 12 is connected.
- the stations 12 are not allowed to transmit frames directly to other stations 12 in the wireless network system 10 (BSS) shown in FIG. 1 and always access point 14 for transmission of frames. You must rely on).
- BSS wireless network system 10
- QSTA stations with QoS capability
- DLS Direct Link Setup
- the QoS facility refers to the enhanced functions used to provide QoS defined in a wireless network system, for example IEEE 802.11e, channel access rules, frame formats, frame exchange sequences, management object. It is a set.
- QSTA supports QoS but is a station, not an access point. This QSTA does not have a hybrid coordinator and uses QAP for distribution system services (DSSs). QSTA functions as non-QSTA (nQSTA) when connected to a non-QoS basic service set (nQBSS).
- DSSs distribution system services
- nQSTA non-QSTA
- nQBSS non-QoS basic service set
- Direct link is a bidirectional link between one QSTA and another QSTA that operates on the same infrastructure QoS Basic Service Set (QBSS) without going through a QoS access point (QAP). Once the direct link is set up, all frames between the two QSTAs are exchanged directly.
- QBSS QoS Basic Service Set
- QAP QoS access point
- QAP quality of service access point
- the functions of QAP are a superset of the functions of nQAP and thus may function as nQSTA.
- DLS Direct Link Setup
- step a1 one station (QSTA-1) wishing to exchange frames directly with another non-access point station (QSTA-2) starts DLS and a DLS request frame (DLS) in QAP.
- DLS DLS request frame
- Request frame or DLS.request message is sent.
- This DLS Request includes the rate set, the capability of QSTA-1, and the MAC addresses of QSTA-1 and QSTA-2.
- step 1b of FIG. 4 if QSTA-2 is connected to the BSS, direct streams are allowed within the BSS's policy, QSTA-2 is an indeed QSTA, and QAP sends a DLS request frame to the recipient QSTA-2. Forward it.
- step 2a of FIG. 4 when QSTA-2 accepts the direct stream, QSTA-2 sends a DLS response frame (DLS Response frame or DLS response message) to QAP, and this response frame includes the rate set, QSTA-2 ( Extended) capabilities, including the MAC addresses of QSTA-1 and QSTA-2.
- DLS Response frame DLS Response frame or DLS response message
- QSTA-2 Extended capabilities
- step 2b of FIG. 4 QAP forwards this DLS request frame to QSTA-1, and then the direct link is activated and frames can be sent from QSTA-1 to QSTA-2 and from QSTA-2 to QSTA-1.
- step 3 of FIG. 4 if a direct link is successfully established through the DLS response of the QSTA1 (Initiating QSTA), the data frame is between QSTA-1 and QSTA-2. It is delivered using the direct link of.
- DLS-related management frames are configured to exchange between QSTA and QAP. Therefore, a function for relaying a management frame is required in QAP.
- FIG. 6 is a reference diagram for explaining an operation of establishing a direct link between two stations in the iDLS.
- STA-1 and STA-2 are associated with AP-1, SSID-1, AP-2, and SSID-2, respectively.
- a service set identifier (SSID) is a unique identifier appended to each header of packets transmitted through a WLAN, and is used as a cipher when wireless devices access a basic service set (BSS).
- BSS basic service set
- AP-1 and AP-2 are connected by a distribution system.
- STA-1 and STA-2 belong to different BSSs and two APs, but STA-1 and STA-2 may belong to the same BSS, and one AP may be one.
- the start station STA-1 sends a direct link establishment request encapsulated like a normal data frame to AP-2 via AP-1 (1a).
- the direct link establishment request contains a rate set, capability of STA-1, and MAC addresses of STA-1 and STA-2.
- a trigger for initiating direct link establishment occurs at an upper layer.
- the encapsulation method used to send a direct link establishment request as a data frame is described in Wentink et. al., New DLS (nDLS), IEEE 802.11 DLS SG, document 802.11-07 / 0478r0, 2007. can be used.
- the STA-2 If the STA-2 approves the direct link establishment request, the STA-2 transmits a direct link establishment response to the STA-1 via the AP-2 and the AP-1 (1b).
- the direct link establishment response contains the capability of the rate set, STA-2. If the STA-1 approves the direct link establishment response from the STA-2, it transmits an acknowledgment (ACK) to the STA-2 (1c).
- ACK acknowledgment
- the direct link is activated and data frames may be directly transmitted from STA-1 to STA-2 or vice versa.
- Each station with such a direct link maintains a table containing information about the direct link pair.
- This table contains information about the direct link, for example, the MAC address of the other station, the communication status, and the like, and each station is indexed by a unique identifier.
- a station can distinguish frames designated from or associated with an AP that is designated as a direct link or from a direct link.
- FIG. 7 is a reference diagram for explaining the efficiency of radio channel resources using a direct link establishment method according to a conventional DLS or the iDLS.
- the BSS is composed of an AP and four stations (STA1 to 4), STA-1 and STA-2 communicate with the AP, respectively, and STA-3 and STA-4 have a sufficiently good channel environment.
- the link is established to send and receive data frames without going through the AP.
- the radio channel resources are shared by five devices, and the number of transmissions is reduced compared to the case where no DLS or iDLS is used, thereby increasing the use efficiency of the radio channel resources.
- wireless channel 1 a channel other than the BSS channel (wireless channel 1) used for communicating with the AP between stations
- the use efficiency of radio channel resources can be further increased.
- a direct link is temporarily established with a destination station through a channel other than the BSS channel, and a data frame is transmitted and received through the channel.
- a channel other than the BSS channel will be referred to as a secondary channel.
- the secondary channel is preferably a channel orthogonal to the BSS channel, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a station for an IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a plurality of applications APP (1) to APP (N) are internally installed in a station, and each of the applications generates traffic.
- This traffic may be destined for the AP associated with the station, or may be destined for a station other than the AP.
- the traffic classifier 10 receives the traffic generated from the applications APP (1) to APP (N), and the traffic classifier 10 receives the traffic generated from the applications APP (1) to APP (N) and targets a station different from the traffic (STA-to-AP). Classify as traffic (STA-to-STA).
- the traffic classifying unit 91 stores the classified traffic in different buffers according to its destination. For example, as shown in the figure, traffic destined for the AP is stored in the STA-to-AP traffic buffer 92, and traffic destined for another station is stored in the STA-to-STA traffic buffer 93.
- Each of the buffers 92 and 93 is connected to a MAC / PHY layer unit 94 that supports multiple channels, and switches an operation channel from a BSS channel to a secondary channel according to a command of the channel switching unit 50 to be described later. Switch from secondary channel to BSS channel. Traffic transmitted from each of the buffers 92 and 93 is transmitted through the BSS channel or the secondary channel.
- the channel switching unit 95 decides which of the buffers 92 and 93 to transfer traffic stored in the MAC / PHY layer unit 94 and the operating channel of the MAC / PHY layer unit 94, that is, the operating channel of the station. Determine. For this determination, the channel switching unit 95 has a channel switching policy and measures the channel environment and observes internal traffic. That is, the channel switching unit 95 periodically measures the states of available channels other than the BSS channel and the BSS channel and maintains the measured result information. The STA-to-AP traffic buffer 92 and the STA-to-STA Observe the traffic buffer 93. The channel switching unit 95 determines the operation channel of the MAC / PHY layer unit 94 according to a predetermined channel switching policy based on the result of measuring the channel environment and observing the internal traffic.
- the channel switching policy may be set as follows, for example.
- the channel switching policy may determine the operating channel of the MAC / PHY layer 94 so that the traffic is sent on a secondary channel having the bandwidth required for that. Can be.
- STA-to-AP traffic is generated in the STA-to-AP traffic buffer 91 while establishing and communicating with another station in the current secondary channel, the direct link in the secondary channel is released and the BSS channel You can negotiate with other stations to establish a direct link. Then, STA-to-AP traffic is transmitted to the AP through the BSS channel.
- the data frame is finally transmitted to the AP, or the BSS channel is operated without channel switching for a predetermined time (T_staying) from the time point received from the AP. That is, it negotiates to set the BSS channel when establishing a direct link within the T_staying time, and negotiates with another station so that it can be set on the secondary channel instead of the BSS channel when there is no transmission / reception with the AP even after the T_staying time elapses.
- the T_staying value is the minimum threshold time not to switch from the BSS channel to the secondary channel, and may be set to any suitable value.
- Most of the traffic between stations and APs is interactive traffic, such as web browsing or instant messaging.
- traffic destined for the AP is generated, and when the AP receives it, the AP sends an HTTP-Request to the station. Therefore, it is preferable that channel switching is not performed for smooth communication with the AP.
- the TSS stays in the BSS channel for an appropriately set T_staying time and switches to the secondary channel if there is no transmission / reception with the AP even after the T_staying time elapses.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow between stations and an AP or between stations according to DLS or iDLS in a WLAN environment as shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 11 is a WLAN environment as shown in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow between stations and an AP or between stations.
- the stations STA-1 to 4 belonging to the BSS and the AP use a single radio channel, the respective data frames are transmitted at different timings in a multiplexing scheme such as CSMA / CA, for example. . That is, STA-1 and STA-2 communicate with the AP through channel 1, respectively, and STA-3 and STA-4 also establish a direct link through channel 1 to directly transmit and receive to each other, and each of the stations at different timings. Send a data frame to the destination.
- a multiplexing scheme such as CSMA / CA
- STA-1, STA-2, and AP communicate using channel 1, and STA-3 and STA-4 establish a direct link through channel 2 to directly transmit and receive data with each other. Accordingly, as illustrated, transmission and reception through a direct link between STA-3 and STA-4 and transmission and reception between STA-1 or STA-2 and the AP may occur simultaneously.
- the direct link setting method according to the present embodiment consists of the steps processed in the WLAN station described in FIG. 9. Thus, even if omitted below, the above descriptions of the WLAN station according to the present embodiment will be described. The same applies to the direct link establishment method.
- the station operates in channel 1 (BSS channel) as an initial state, and is in a state of communicating with the AP or a state in which data transmission and reception with the AP and other stations do not occur.
- BSS channel BSS channel
- step 1220 it is determined whether traffic destined for another station occurs. This can be seen by observing the STA-to-STA traffic buffer 93. If traffic destined for another station occurs, the process proceeds to step 1215 to negotiate a direct link establishment with the corresponding station.
- the station will be referred to as a counterpart station for convenience.
- Negotiation for direct link establishment sends a direct link establishment request via the AP to the counterpart station, receives a direct link establishment response from the counterpart station via the AP, and sends an ACK for it to the counterpart station via the AP as well. It means a series of processes.
- the channel for the direct link setup includes not only the BSS channel but also a secondary channel other than the BSS channel.
- negotiation may be made to establish a direct link to the BSS channel, negotiation may be made to establish a direct link to the secondary channel, or negotiation may fail. If the negotiation for establishing the direct link fails, for example, it may not receive a direct link establishment response from the other station, or the other station may be communicating with the AP and thus refuse the direct link setting. have.
- step 1210 If the negotiation for the direct link fails, the process returns to step 1210. If there is still traffic destined for another station, the process returns to step 1215 and attempts to negotiate the direct link again.
- step 1215 If the negotiation is made to establish a direct link with the counterpart station to the secondary channel in step 1215, the process proceeds to step 1220 and the station switches the operation channel to the secondary channel. That is, the MAC / PHY layer unit 94 to operate in the secondary channel. Now, since the direct link is established with the counterpart station through the secondary channel, in step 725, data of the traffic is directly transmitted and received through the counterpart channel with the counterpart station.
- step 1230 if transmission / reception with the counterpart station is completed or traffic destined for the AP occurs (step 1230), the process proceeds to step 1235 to release the direct link setting on the secondary channel.
- the release of the direct link setting is performed by transmitting a direct link release request to another station without passing through the AP and receiving an ACK from the counterpart station.
- step 1240 the process proceeds to step 1240 to switch back to the BSS channel.
- the data of the traffic destined for the AP is transmitted to the AP through the BSS channel.
- step 1215 If it is negotiated to establish a direct link to the counterpart station and the BSS channel in step 1215, the direct link is established to the BSS channel, and in step 1245, data is directly transmitted and received with the counterpart station through the BSS channel. In this case, the station may also transmit and receive data with the AP through the BSS channel.
- step 1250 If data transmission and reception with the counterpart station is completed in step 1250, the procedure proceeds to step 1255 to release the direct link setting.
- the release of the direct link setting is performed by sending a direct link release request to another station via the AP and receiving an ACK from the counterpart station via the AP.
- the station After switching to the BSS channel in step 1240, the station observes whether the transmission and reception with the AP for at least T_staying time from the time of the last transmission and reception of data with the AP.
- step 1260 when the T_staying time has not elapsed, and traffic destined for another station occurs, the process proceeds to step 1265 to negotiate with the corresponding station so that direct link establishment is performed using only the BSS channel. This may include only the BSS channel as a channel available for the direct link establishment request to be described later with reference to FIG. 13. If the negotiation is successful, a direct link is established through the BSS channel, and the flow proceeds to step 1245 to directly transmit and receive data with the counterpart station through the BSS channel.
- T_staying time has elapsed since the last time data was transmitted and received with the AP in step 1270, and if there is traffic destined for another station, the process proceeds to step 1215 again and performs negotiation for establishing a direct link with the corresponding station.
- the AP establishes a direct link only through the BSS channel for a predetermined time after the data transmission and reception with the AP, and stays in the BSS channel.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of signal flow that may occur at two stations and an AP through the processes of steps 1210 to 1240 of FIG. 12.
- CH1 corresponds to a BSS channel
- CH2 and 3 belong to a selectable secondary channel.
- the left side represents an STA-to-AP traffic buffer and the right side represents an STA-to-STA traffic buffer.
- the STA-3 transmits and receives data through the AP and CH1 (1, 2). Then, traffic destined for STA-4 occurs, and the traffic is stored in the STA-to-STA traffic buffer (a). Then, the STA-3 attempts to negotiate direct link establishment with the STA-4.
- STA-3 transmits a link establishment request directly to STA-4 via the AP (3-1, 3-2).
- the direct link establishment request includes information on channels available for direct link establishment.
- the available channels can be determined according to the state of each channel and the channel switching policy measured at the station. In the example shown in FIG. 13, the STA-3 selects CH 1, 2, and 3 as available channels.
- the STA-4 Upon receiving the direct link establishment request, the STA-4 transmits a direct link establishment response to the STA-3 via the AP (4-1, 4-2). At this time, the STA-4 selects a channel available to itself among the available channels included in the direct link establishment request and includes the information in the direct link establishment response. In the example shown in FIG. 13, the STA-4 selects CH 2 and 3 as available channels.
- the STA-3 transmits an ACK to the STA-4 via the AP (5-1, 5-2).
- the STA-3 selects a channel for establishing a direct link among available channels included in the direct link establishment response, and includes the result information in the ACK.
- the selection of the channel can of course be made according to the state of the measured channel. In the example shown in FIG. 13, the STA-3 selects CH 2 as a channel for establishing a direct link.
- CH 2 is selected as a channel for establishing a direct link, rather than a previously operated BSS channel
- STA-3 and STA-4 perform channel switching to CH 2, respectively.
- a direct link is established through CH 2
- STA-3 and STA-4 directly transmit and receive data through CH 2 (6).
- CH 1 is determined to be a channel for direct link establishment, channel switching does not occur, and a direct link is established through CH 1 and STA-3 and STA -4 will send and receive data directly over CH 1.
- negotiation for the direct link establishment of the STA-3 and the STA-4 fails, the negotiation will be retried or the data will be transmitted and received via the AP.
- STA-3 transmits a direct link release request to the STA-4 (7), and the STA-4 responds to the STA-4 by transmitting an ACK to the STA-3 (8), thereby releasing the direct link setting.
- STA-3 performs channel switching to return to CH 1 again for communication with the AP, and transmits data to the AP through CH 1.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a signal flow that may occur in a BSS by a direct link establishment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the left side shows an STA-to-AP traffic buffer and the right side shows an STA-to-STA traffic buffer.
- STA-1 and STA-2 communicate with an AP through CH 1, which is respectively a BSS channel, or STA-1 and STA-2 establish a direct link through CH 1 with each other, and directly through CH 1. Send and receive data.
- STA-3 and STA-4 establish a direct link through the secondary channel CH 2 and directly transmit and receive data through CH 2 (1). Then, when traffic destined for the AP occurs in the STA-to-AP traffic buffer of the STA-3 (a), the STA-3 releases the direct link through the STA-4 and the CH 2 (2), and Switch the operating channel to CH 1 for communication. The STA-3 then transmits and receives data with the AP through CH 1 (3).
- the STA-3 observes whether transmission / reception with the AP occurs during the T_staying time from the time of the last transmission / reception with the AP.
- the direct link is established to CH 1 and data is directly transmitted and received (4).
- CH 1 transmission and reception with the AP, transmission and reception with the STA-4, and communication between the STA-1, STA-2, and AP are performed at different timings.
- This resource allocation is determined according to a priority defined internally between applications within STA-3, and is determined by a multiplexing scheme such as CSMA / CA between each station and AP.
- the direct link with the STA-4 is released, as shown, if no T / Staying time has elapsed and there is no data transceiving with the AP, and there is data to transmit and receive between the STA-3 and the STA-4, the direct link including the secondary channel Negotiate the configuration (5).
- CH 2 is again determined to be a channel for direct link establishment
- STA-3 and STA-4 switch to CH 2.
- data is transmitted and received directly through CH 2 (6).
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a direct link is established and occupied in each channel according to T_staying time by the direct link setting method according to an embodiment of the present invention described above.
- box BSS (AP-S #) represents a section in which station S # communicates with an AP
- box direct n is a section in which a direct connection is established.
- direct 1 S2-S3 is a station S2. This is a section in which the station S3 is directly connected and established.
- the direct connection between the stations S2 and S3 (direct 1) is performed in the BSS channel (Channel 1) during the T_staying time after the station S2 has communicated with the AP just before, and after the T_staying time has elapsed.
- Direct connection setup may be made in channel 2.
- the PMC combines unicast and optional mode switching of stations or terminals to improve the communication performance between a single multicast sender and a plurality of multicast receivers.
- This protocol implements efficient wireless multicast without replacing the hardware of the existing WLAN terminal.
- IEEE 802.11 handles multicast in the same way as broadcast at the data link layer. Therefore, multicast packets can be transmitted only at the basic rate in the physical layer and cannot be retransmitted in case of transmission failure. For example, multicast communication using IEEE 802.11a devices can only transmit at rates of 6, 12, and 24 Mbps, and retransmission is impossible after one transmission, reducing wireless channel utilization and transmission reliability.
- Pseudo multicast capability (PMC) proposed by the present invention is a protocol for efficient multicast communication between IEEE 802.11 based devices.
- the PMC terminal 1610 illustrates a PMC terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the PMC terminal 1610 may be a PMC station.
- the PMC terminal 1610 includes a PMC-WiFi unit 1611 and a PMC-APP (Pseudo multicast capability-application) unit 1613, which is a higher layer controlling the PMC-WiFi unit 1611.
- the PMC-WiFi unit 1611 includes a MAC and a PHY layer and is responsible for the actual packet transmission and reception.
- the PMC-APP unit 1613 includes an upper layer of the PMC-WiFi unit 1611 and is responsible for the operation of the PMC protocol.
- the operation mode of the PMC-WiFi unit 1611 includes a basic communication mode and a promiscuous mode.
- the basic communication mode the PMC-WiFi unit 1611 does not transmit a packet to a higher layer if the destination address of the packet transmitted to the PMC-WiFi unit 1611 is different from its own address.
- the full packet reception mode the PMC-WiFi unit 1611 transmits all packets successfully received from the channel to a higher layer.
- the PMC-APP unit 1613 may continuously update the channel quality between terminals in cooperation with the PMC-APP unit in another PMC terminal on 1-hop.
- a multicast session includes one PMC-initiator and a plurality of PMC-members.
- the PMC-APP unit of the MC-initiator 1620 may initiate a multicast session by a request (a) of a higher application or by itself (b).
- the length of a multicast session is determined by the amount of data to be sent (number or size of packets) and time or a combination of both.
- the PMC terminal initiating the multicast session becomes the PMC-initiator 1620.
- the PMC terminals receiving the PMC-request message determine whether they are PMC-leaders or PMC members. Specifically, the PMC terminal determines itself as a PMC member unless it is a PMC-reader.
- the method of determining the PMC-reader depends on the type of application.
- the PMC-member having the highest channel quality compared to the PMC-initiator is called the PMC-leader. Therefore, it has a high transmission success rate for the maximum supportable transmission rate R max .
- the PMC member with the lowest channel quality compared to the PMC initiator is selected as the PMC leader. This is to provide a high success rate through multiple retransmissions to PMC-members having a relatively low transmission success rate.
- the PMC-reader 1640 cooperates with the PMC-initiator 1620 to initiate and terminate the multicast session (a, f).
- the PMC-member 1660 is a passive participant in the multicast session, and sets its PMC-WiFi unit to the full packet reception mode during the multicast session (c).
- the PMC-reader 1640 initially selected in a single multicast session can also be changed to PMC-members before the end of a single multicast session.
- the PMC-initiator 1620 transmits the packet in unicast form to the PMC-reader 1640 during the multicast session (d).
- the PMC-members 1660 operating in the all-packet reception mode may receive the communication between the PMC-initiator 1620 and the PMC-reader 1640 in an overhead manner (e).
- the PMC-WiFi unit of the PMC-initiator 1620 performs rate-adaptation to increase channel resource utilization when transmitting and receiving unicast packets.
- the PMC-initiator 1620 selects the maximum multicast rate based on the channel status information with the PMC-member 1660. For example, the lowest channel quality between the PMC-member 1660 and the PMC-initiator 1620 is calculated and the maximum supportable data rate R max for the lowest channel quality is calculated.
- the PMC-initiator 1620 prevents its PMC-WiFi unit from communicating with the PMC-reader 1640 and above R max when initiating a multicast session.
- the above-described embodiments of the present invention can be written as a program that can be executed in a computer, and can be implemented in a general-purpose digital computer that operates the program using a computer-readable recording medium.
- the computer-readable recording medium may be a magnetic storage medium (for example, a ROM, a floppy disk, a hard disk, etc.), an optical reading medium (for example, a CD-ROM, DVD, etc.) and a carrier wave (for example, the Internet). Storage medium).
Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- IEEE 802.11 무선랜 환경의 스테이션에서의 직접 링크 설정 방법에 있어서,(a) 상기 스테이션에서 다른 스테이션을 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생하는경우, AP(access point)와 통신하기 위해 사용되는 BSS(basic service set) 채널외의 무선 채널인 세컨더리 채널로 직접 링크를 설정하기 위한 협상을 상기 다른스테이션과 수행하는 단계;(b) 상기 협상 수행 결과 상기 세컨더리 채널로 직접 링크를 설정하기로 협상이 성공하면 상기 스테이션의 동작 채널을 상기 BSS 채널에서 상기 세컨더리 채널로 스위칭하는 단계; 및(c) 상기 세컨더리 채널을 통하여 상기 다른 스테이션으로 상기 발생된 트래픽의 데이터를 송신하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선랜 환경에서의통신 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 (a) 단계는,상기 세컨더리 채널의 정보가 함유된 직접 링크 설정 요청을 상기 AP를 경유하여 상기 다른 스테이션으로 송신하는 단계; 및상기 다른 스테이션으로부터 직접 링크 설정 응답을 상기 AP를 경유하여 수신하면, ACK를 상기 AP를 경유하여 상기 다른 스테이션으로 송신하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 협상 수행 결과 상기 BSS 채널로 직접 링크를 설정하기로 협상이 성공하면 상기 BSS 채널을 통하여 상기 다른 스테이션으로 상기 발생된 트래픽의 데이터를 송신하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,(d) 상기 (c) 단계 이후에 상기 스테이션에서 상기 AP를 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생하는 경우 상기 다른 스테이션과 직접 링크 설정을 해제하는 단계;(e) 상기 스테이션의 동작 채널을 상기 세컨더리 채널에서 상기 BSS 채널로스위칭하는 단계; 및(f) 상기 BSS 채널을 통하여 상기 AP로 상기 발생된 트래픽의 데이터를 송신하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 (d) 단계는,상기 다른 스테이션으로 직접 링크 해제 요청을 송신하는 단계; 및상기 다른 스테이션으로부터 ACK를 수신하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 (e) 단계 이후 상기 AP와 데이터를 최후로 송수신한 시점으로부터 일정시간이 경과하지 않았을 때 상기 다른 스테이션을 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생하는 경우 상기 BSS 채널로만 직접 링크를 설정하기 위한 협상을 상기 다른 스테이션과 수행하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징을 하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 (e) 단계 이후 상기 AP와 데이터를 최후로 송수신한 시점으로부터 일정시간이 경과한 후에 상기 다른 스테이션을 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생하는 경우상기 세컨더리 채널로 직접 링크를 설정하기 위한 협상을 상기 다른 스테이션과 수행하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
- IEEE 802.11 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법에 있어서,(a) 제1 스테이션 또는 제2 스테이션에서 상대방을 목적지로 하는 트래픽이발생하는 경우, 상기 제1 스테이션과 상기 제2 스테이션이 AP(access point)와 통신하기 위해 사용되는 BSS(basic service set) 채널 외의 무선 채널인 세컨더리 채널로 직접 링크를 설정하기 위한 협상을 수행하는 단계;(b) 상기 협상 수행 결과 상기 세컨더리 채널로 직접 링크를 설정하기로 협상이 성공하면 상기 제1 스테이션 및 상기 제2 스테이션이 동작 채널을 상기 BSS채널에서 상기 세컨더리 채널로 스위칭하는 단계; 및(c) 상기 제1 스테이션 또는 상기 제2 스테이션이 상기 세컨더리 채널을 통하여 상대방으로 상기 발생된 트래픽의 데이터를 송신하는 단계를 포함하는 것을특징으로 하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,(d) 상기 (c) 단계 이후에 상기 제1 스테이션 또는 상기 제2 스테이션에서상기 AP를 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생하는 경우 상기 제1 스테이션과 상기 제2스테이션이 상대방과의 직접 링크 설정을 해제하는 단계;(e) 상기 제1 스테이션 및 상기 제2 스테이션 중 상기 AP를 목적지로 하는트래픽이 발생한 스테이션이 동작 채널을 상기 세컨더리 채널에서 상기 BSS 채널로스위칭하는 단계; 및(f) 상기 AP를 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생한 스테이션이 상기 BSS 채널을통하여 상기 AP로 상기 발생된 트래픽의 데이터를 송신하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 (e) 단계 이후 상기 AP를 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생한 스테이션에서상기 AP와 데이터를 최후로 송수신한 시점으로부터 일정 시간이 경과하지 않았을때 상대방 스테이션을 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생하는 경우 상기 BSS 채널로만직접 링크를 설정하기 위한 협상을 상대방 스테이션과 수행하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 (e) 단계 이후 상기 AP를 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생한 스테이션에서상기 AP와 데이터를 최후로 송수신한 시점으로부터 일정 시간이 경과한 후에 상대방 스테이션을 목적지로 하는 트래픽이 발생하는 경우 상기 세컨더리 채널로 직접링크를 설정하기 위한 협상을 상대방 스테이션과 수행하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선랜 환경에서의 통신 방법.
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CN201080026496.XA CN102461323B (zh) | 2009-04-15 | 2010-02-25 | 在ieee 802.11无线局域网中的通信方法 |
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- 2010-02-25 CN CN201080026496.XA patent/CN102461323B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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WO2019147057A1 (ko) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-08-01 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 무선랜 시스템에서 nbt 패킷을 기반으로 통신을 수행하는 방법 및 이를 이용한 무선 단말 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5537651B2 (ja) | 2014-07-02 |
US8767692B2 (en) | 2014-07-01 |
US20120051350A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
EP2434832A2 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
CN102461323A (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
JP2012524448A (ja) | 2012-10-11 |
CN102461323B (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
WO2010120040A3 (ko) | 2010-12-09 |
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