WO2010119568A1 - イオン検出装置 - Google Patents
イオン検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010119568A1 WO2010119568A1 PCT/JP2009/057763 JP2009057763W WO2010119568A1 WO 2010119568 A1 WO2010119568 A1 WO 2010119568A1 JP 2009057763 W JP2009057763 W JP 2009057763W WO 2010119568 A1 WO2010119568 A1 WO 2010119568A1
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- ion
- electrode
- detection
- alcohol
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- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1CCCCC1 Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/497—Physical analysis of biological material of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath
- G01N33/4972—Determining alcohol content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a detection apparatus based on ion detection under atmospheric pressure.
- the present invention also relates to an alcohol detection device and a dozing prevention device in a moving body such as an automobile based on this respiration detection technology.
- the present invention relates to a non-contact device interface, a pretreatment device for analysis, and a respiratory training device.
- Patent Document 1 introduces a micro droplet generated by an ionization method called an electrospray method into a second chamber in a vacuum, and collides with a gas introduced from above in the chamber. This is a method of promoting desolvation and mass-analyzing desolvated ions.
- Patent Document 2 detects a current of ions generated under atmospheric pressure flowing into a skimmer cone under vacuum and / or a lens electrode of a subsequent ion focusing lens system, and the ion current is kept constant. Thus, the applied voltage of the electrode is controlled.
- Patent Document 3 performs cleaning of the optical system by largely deflecting ions generated in a vacuum and causing them to collide with an electrode.
- Patent Document 4 is a method for aerodynamically focusing ions introduced into a vacuum.
- Patent Document 5 relates to an ion trap mass spectrometer for efficiently trapping ions in a vacuum.
- Patent Document 6 is a method for improving the SN ratio of a detection signal in a tandem mass spectrometer using an atmospheric pressure ionization method.
- a mass spectrometer operating under high vacuum is used to analyze the generated ions.
- the mass number of ions can be measured and high-accuracy analysis is possible.
- a high vacuum of 10 ⁇ 4 Torr or less is essential for a mass spectrometer, and therefore a turbo molecular pump, a rotary pump, etc. Since the evacuation system is provided, there is a big problem that the apparatus becomes large.
- the evacuation system becomes unnecessary and the apparatus can be greatly reduced in size and the problem can be solved. .
- a method for detecting ions under atmospheric pressure for example, in the detection of exhaled air that is outside air, it can be achieved by the following method.
- an ion beam is generated by corona discharge or the like, a water cluster from exhaled air is introduced into the ion beam, and reacted with ions in the ion beam to generate water cluster ions.
- water cluster ions undergo downward motion due to their gravity, and the water cluster ion beam is consequently deflected. Therefore, expiration detection can be realized by measuring the amount of current of the deflected water cluster ion beam.
- outside air can be detected by a simple method, it becomes possible to detect expiration in a place where there is a spatial restriction. For example, it is possible to prevent drunk driving based on a breath alcohol test in a car, and to prevent drowsy driving by non-contact measurement of breath.
- This example shows an example of monitoring exhaled air that is non-contact and non-invasive outside air.
- the water in the exhaled breath is substantially discharged as a water cluster.
- the water cluster reacts with ions in the ion beam to generate water cluster ions.
- Water cluster ions that have increased in weight due to the addition of clusters cannot move straight in an electric field under atmospheric pressure, and a downward force is exerted by gravity, so that part of the water cluster ion beam is largely deflected.
- 1 and 2 show means for measuring the current amount of the ion beam emitted and deflected from the ion source.
- 1 and 2 are diagrams in which the viewpoint is changed by 90 degrees.
- the corona discharge needle electrode 2 it is possible to use a metal material such as tungsten that has been mechanically polished or electropolished in addition to the pointed end portion of the sewing needle.
- the electropolished one can conveniently generate a corona discharge at a lower voltage because the radius of curvature of the tip of the needle electrode can be about 50 nanometers.
- the control unit controls the potential difference between the counter electrode 5 and the detection electrode 6 supported by the detection electrode support 10, the generated ion beam is transferred from the counter electrode 5 to the detection electrode 6.
- the heading force works.
- the ion beam from the opening of the counter electrode 5 collides with molecules in the atmosphere and travels straight while spreading in a conical shape, and only the periphery thereof reaches the detection electrode 6. A part of the collision is detected.
- the diameter at the position of the counter electrode 5 is Is an ion beam of about 6 mm.
- the detection electrode 6 detects a peripheral portion of the ion beam (a portion having a diameter of about 3 mm or more and a diameter of about 6 mm).
- the current detected by the detection electrode 6 is several microamperes or less.
- the ions that have passed through the opening of the detection electrode 6 collide with the grounded stop electrode 7 and disappear. In this case, it is effective to ground the stop electrode 7. Further, there is no problem even if the stop electrode 7 is not provided and left open.
- the ion source exhaust joint 20 is evacuated with a small pump, but the flow rate is several milliliters / minute to several liters / minute.
- the first exhaust port joint 11, the second water cluster so as not to stay between the counter electrode 5 and the detection electrode 6 and between the detection electrode 6 and the stop electrode 7 as shown in FIG.
- Exhaust with a pump from the exhaust joint 12 (the flow rate is at a level of several milliliters / minute to several liters / minute), or cover this area with a mesh plate instead of a metal plate to make it as open as possible Is valid.
- FIG. 1 the flow rate is at a level of several milliliters / minute to several liters / minute.
- I (A) current amount detected by the detection electrode 6
- N (number / s) number of ions per unit time in the ion beam
- e charge (s ⁇ A)
- ⁇ (dimensionless) The rate at which the exhaled water clusters are charged
- ⁇ (dimensionless) the rate at which the generated cluster ions are detected by the monitor.
- the partial pressure of exhaled gas is N 2 566.0 mg (74.5%), O 2 120.0 mg (15.7%), CO 2 27.0 mg (3.6%), H 2 O 47.0 mg. (6.2%).
- the atmosphere usually does not contain carbon dioxide and has little water vapor, but as soon as it enters the airway, it is exposed to body fluid that covers the surface of the airway, and the air is completely humidified before it enters the alveoli. Since the partial pressure of water vapor is 47 mmHg at 37 ° C., this is the water vapor partial pressure of alveolar air. Under such conditions, depending on the environment (temperature and humidity), considering the space in which humans live, water molecules are considered to be water clusters in exhaled breath.
- H 3 O + is given a binding energy by ⁇ H n, n-1 each time a water molecule is hydrated. Therefore, the proton affinity PA of one molecule of water is 169.3 kcal / mole, but the PA of 2, 3, 4 molecules increases to 201.3, 221.3, 238.3, and so on. . Even two water molecules of PA have a large value of 201.3 kcal / mole, and the water cluster ions cannot practically protonate most oxygenated organic compounds. Therefore, when exhaled air is ionized by corona discharge, the generated ions are considered to be substantially aggregates of water cluster ions.
- the characteristic reaction exhibited by the water ion cluster is the following substitution reaction.
- A is a molecule other than water.
- This substitution reaction is generally fast and often occurs at a collision velocity, and since the reaction heat is carried away as translational energy, it can be said to be an extremely soft ion-molecule reaction.
- the water cluster in the breath reacts with the ion beam generated by the corona discharge, and as a result, a part of the ion beam that travels straightly deflects in the direction of gravity, so that the water cluster in the breath Is to be detected (FIG. 4).
- Air resistance size 6 ⁇ rv g
- charge q 1.6021 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 19 C (A ⁇ s).
- the electric field E is 35000 V / m.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of non-contact expiration detection when the present invention is used. It is confirmed that one cycle associated with exhalation and inspiration is detected as one peak (here, called exhalation peak). This is data when the distance between the mouth of the subject and the breath introduction port 14 is about 15 cm. The distance dependency between the subject's mouth and the breath introduction port 14 is shown in FIG. The exhalation peak is clearly detected even when the distance is 50 cm, and the high performance regarding the non-contact property of this method is understood. Further, in the present invention, in order to show that the water cluster is the main factor of the change in the amount of current in the detection electrode 6, using a syringe containing water and a syringe not containing water, FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows a sensor box 26 with a built-in sensor unit 1 that uses alcohol detection.
- the exhalation is introduced from the sensor box exhalation introduction port 29, and the result is displayed on the display 27 with a light whose numerical value or color is changed.
- the switch 29 is for turning on the power of the sensor box.
- the present invention can be used for a drunk driving prevention device in a moving body such as an automobile.
- FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b) An example of using the present invention in an automobile is shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b).
- FIG. 11A shows a case where the breath monitor unit 30 and the alcohol sensor unit 31 are divided
- FIG. 11B shows a case where the alcohol sensor unit 31 is combined with the breath monitor unit 30.
- the exhalation monitor unit 30 includes a corona discharge needle electrode 2, a counter electrode 5 having an opening, a detection electrode 6 having an opening, a mesh plate 17a for an exhalation inlet, and mesh plates 17b and 17c for an exhalation discharge port.
- a voltage is applied to the corona discharge needle electrode 2 and the counter electrode 5 through connectors 32a and 32b.
- the alcohol sensor unit 31 includes an alcohol sensor head 33 such as a semiconductor sensor, a sensor control board 34, a sensor control line 35, a signal line 36a, an output signal line 36b, and a connector 32c.
- an alcohol sensor head 33 such as a semiconductor sensor, a sensor control board 34, a sensor control line 35, a signal line 36a, an output signal line 36b, and a connector 32c.
- another type of sensor such as a fuel cell type may be used instead of a semiconductor sensor.
- FIG. 12 shows a case where the breath monitor unit 30 and the alcohol sensor unit 31 are housed in the monitor cases 37a and 37b.
- the monitor case 37 is installed on the column cover 39 through the pedestal 38 as shown in FIG. In the pedestal 38, it is important that the angle of the monitor case 37 with respect to the driver is somewhat variable.
- One of the installation locations of the monitor case 37 is on the column cover 39 behind the steering wheel 40 shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 14 (b), the driver's exhalation reaches the monitor case 37 from the gap in the upper half of the steering wheel 40. Therefore, in addition to the example shown in FIG. 14, it is also possible to attach on the dashboard beside the steering wheel.
- the sensor box By disposing the sensor box at such a position, it is possible to greatly reduce impersonation by a passenger (a passenger who is not drinking alcohol undergoes an alcohol test on behalf of the driver). This is particularly effective on the window side dashboard. However, when it is placed on the dashboard next to the steering wheel, the alcohol inspection at the start of the engine is the main component.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of the electrode configuration inside the breath monitor.
- the ion beam generated between the corona discharge needle electrode 2 and the counter electrode 5 is accelerated in the direction of the detection electrode by a voltage applied between the counter electrode 5 and the detection electrode 6.
- the water cluster from the breath reacts with ions, and the ion beam whose weight has increased is as shown in FIG. It deflects in the direction of gravity and collides with the detection electrode 6 to be detected as a current.
- the alcohol sensor head 33 is disposed on the extension of the corona discharge needle electrode 2 as shown in FIG. 15, a part of the alcohol contained in the exhalation is detected.
- the alcohol sensor head 33 may be damaged. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 16, when the alcohol sensor head 33 is arranged so as to be shifted from the extension line of the corona discharge needle electrode 2 by about 1 mm to 20 mm (when the distance between the counter electrode 5 and the detection electrode 6 is about 10 mm), Only when exhalation is introduced, a part of the ion beam from the corona discharge needle electrode 2 is introduced into the alcohol sensor head 33, which is convenient from the viewpoint of the long life of the alcohol sensor.
- FIG. 17 shows an example of an expiration peak and an alcohol peak linked to the expiration peak when detected using the configuration of FIG.
- detecting the alcohol peak after detecting the breath peak is not only detecting alcohol (ethanol), but is an important indicator to show that alcohol in breath is being detected.
- ethanol alcohol
- FIG. 33 shows an example of a case where a person traveling with a driver's seat is drinking together (note that, of course, the car is not running at this time).
- FIG. 33 (a) shows an example of detection of the breath peak of the person in the driver's seat, and FIG.
- FIG. 33 (b) shows detection of the background due to the breath of the person on the passenger and the alcohol peak linked to the breath of the person in the driver's seat. It is an example. As shown in FIG. 33 (b), even when a background of breath alcohol of a passenger who is drinking is being observed, an alcohol peak linked to the breath of the driver's person is detected. It is easy to see that the driver's seat is drinking.
- FIG. 17 shows an exhalation peak and an alcohol peak under the same conditions as in FIG. 17 (exhalation measurement after 2 hours of ingesting 180 ml of wine having an alcohol concentration of 11%).
- the alcohol peak in FIG. It is lower than the alcohol peak. This is because there are many alcohol molecules in the breath in the water cluster.
- the axis of the needle electrode 2 for corona discharge and the axis of the alcohol sensor head 33 are shifted, and here, they are shifted by about 6 mm.
- FIG. 19 shows an algorithm for drinking check when the engine is started when the present invention is used.
- the driver immediately exhales the breath toward the monitor case 37 for several seconds.
- the driver's mouth is brought close to the monitor case 37 so that a third person cannot interrupt between the driver and the steering wheel, and a strong exhalation peak is detected.
- a certain threshold is set for the detection of exhalation peak, and if this value is not exceeded, exhalation is exhaled again. If the exhalation peak intensity is sufficient, an alcohol check is entered. If no alcohol (ethanol) is detected, the shift lever is set in a movable state to enable driving. When alcohol (ethanol) is detected, it is determined whether the detection timing of the breath peak coincides with the detection timing of the alcohol peak.
- the shift lever is set in a movable state or the like so that the vehicle can run. If they match, you will hear a sound from the in-vehicle speaker, etc. to confirm whether you are in a drinking state, display on the in-vehicle monitor, lock the shift lever, stop the engine, etc. Each part is controlled by the control part provided in the motor vehicle so that it cannot do. After that, the inspection mode is entered and the final confirmation of drunk driving is performed.
- the effectiveness of this device is that it can perform an alcohol check even in a running state.
- the algorithm at this time is shown in FIG. While driving, the alcohol sensor is operated, and it is checked whether alcohol is detected constantly or at regular intervals. If no alcohol is detected, the vehicle continues to travel. If any alcohol is detected, the driver exhales toward the monitor case 37. As in the case of FIG. 19, a threshold value is set for the intensity of the exhalation peak, and when the timing of the exhalation peak coincides with the alcohol peak, a hazard lamp blinks to alert the surrounding cars and at the same time, Guide the driver to stop at the location. After that, the inspection mode is entered and the final confirmation of drunk driving is performed. As described above, compared with the alcohol check method in which exhalation is directly introduced into the sensor, the present invention can perform the alcohol check during traveling with a simple operation.
- FIG. 21 shows the algorithm of the inspection mode when the vehicle is stopped.
- a forehead is attached to the steering wheel 30 to fix the distance between the driver's mouth and the monitor case 37 and to exhale several times. If the relationship between the breath peak area and the alcohol peak area of a known concentration is stored in a database in advance, the alcohol concentration in the breath can be estimated from the obtained breath peak and alcohol peak detection results. If this result is recorded in the storage means, it becomes one of the evidence of drunk driving.
- FIG. 22 is a graph showing changes in expiration detection (hereinafter referred to as an expiration spectrum) using the present invention and accompanying a lack of extension or a tilt of the head. If you do normal breathing and you want to stretch, the breath spectrum begins to change before the stroke (the peak based on expiration, ie, the expiration peak tends to be small), and during the interval, the expiration peak completely Will be missing. In addition, when the head begins to tilt due to sleepiness, the expiration peak decreases, and when the head tilts greatly, the expiration peak is lost.
- the controller may be used to calculate the expiration spectrum based on the signal obtained by the sensor and to detect temporal fluctuations in the expiration peak, or a separate calculation means may be provided, or an external connection may be provided. It may be a computing device.
- FIG. 14 consider a case where the drowsiness prevention device according to the present invention is arranged on the column cover 39 of the steering wheel 40. In this case, an expiration peak is observed as shown in FIG. If a certain threshold value is set individually and the numerical value below that is zero, the waveform is as shown in FIG. The time (zero crossing time) between the exhalation peaks is approximately a certain time (in this case, T 1 ) if breathing is stable. In such a case, the interval (T) between exhalation peaks becomes longer when distraction occurs or the head tilts greatly. Therefore, if it becomes larger than the values in the T (T 1 number greater than), to issue a warning.
- FIG. 24 shows an example of an algorithm for a dozing prevention operation.
- the sleep-prevention driving prevention mode is set to ON. After this, the zero-crossing time is always monitored, and if it becomes longer than the first threshold value, the first stage warning (flashing of the warning lamp) is performed, and if it becomes longer than the second threshold value, the second stage warning (warning). Sound, vibration for warning, scent for warning). If the number of warnings exceeds a certain number, a message such as “Please take a break immediately in a safe place” will be issued to encourage the driver to take a break.
- the algorithm shown in FIG. 24 focuses on the unconscious activity of breathing, but this may not be enough in time to avoid accidents due to drowsy driving. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 25, activities under consciousness can be incorporated into the algorithm.
- activities under consciousness there is a mouth-breathing respiration that is medically recognized as a breathing exercise. This is a method of lightly closing the mouth, breathing in from the nose, and exhaling in a state where the mouth is deflated. After turning on the dozing prevention driving mode, the driver starts to breathe and breathe. When the exhalation peak falls below the threshold value, a warning is issued as shown in FIG. This is based on the fact that conscious activity decreases due to drowsiness. Drowsiness can be detected earlier in time than when normal breathing of unconscious activity is detected. It is desirable from the viewpoint of preventing accidents.
- FIG. 26 shows an example of a system for producing a warning scent.
- a scent generating device 42 covered with a cover 41 is arranged near the column cover 38 and dozing is detected by the above method, FIG. Generating a slightly strong irritating odor toward the driver is effective in awakening the driver.
- the above-mentioned dozing check can be applied not only to the driver of a car but also to an operator of a moving body such as a train driver or an airplane pilot. It is also effective to apply to plant operators.
- FIG. 27 shows an example in which one expiration is detected. At this time, if a threshold value is set for the obtained signal value, and a signal value equal to or greater than this threshold value is detected, the device is set to be turned on so that the device is contactless. It can be used as an interface for operating.
- the expiratory peak according to the present invention has good responsiveness because the signal intensity attenuates in about several seconds.
- FIG. 28 shows a case of one exhalation
- FIG. 28 (b) shows a case of two exhalations
- FIG. 28 (c) shows a case of three exhalations. This corresponds to a different command depending on the number of exhalations. Is the case.
- FIG. 28 (d) it is possible to respond to different commands in the time when exhalation is exhaled a plurality of times and the threshold value is exceeded.
- FIG. 28 (e) it is possible to correspond to different commands by using combinations of expirations with different intensities (in this case, combinations of strong expiration and weak expiration).
- FIG. 29 When the device interface 42 using the present invention as shown in FIG. 29 is used, (1) when making a call using a mobile phone in a moving body such as an automobile, the call is turned on / off and the volume is increased / decreased.
- (2) In a medical institution such as a hospital, from the viewpoint of hygiene, when you want to operate the device without contact, (3)
- the handicapped or the elderly perform the device operation at home (TV switches, light switches, etc.)
- FIG. 30 shows an example of PC operation (especially turning on / off the power, adding another operation when the keyboard is hit with both hands)
- FIG. 31 shows a case where the hand is blocked by cooking or the like.
- FIG. 32 is an example in which operation assistance for the handicapped person (operation on the bed, operation on the digital device) is performed.
- the responsiveness when air of the same humidity is introduced it is detected as a mouth by detecting the difference in peak intensity during continuous breathing and analyzing the fluctuation of the peak difference with the calculation unit or control unit In addition to the variation in distance to the vessel, it represents the quality of breathing (difference in exhalation humidity due to abdominal or chest breathing).
- the peak difference it is possible to grasp the user's state, display the current breathing state on a monitor, etc. using a separate external connection device, etc., and further store the ideal breathing state in advance If read from and displayed, it can be used for a breathing exercise method or a breathing game for scoring the quality of breathing.
- an opening is provided in the installation part where the finger is installed so that moisture from the surface of the living body can be detected, and the optical axis of the ion beam is arranged in a direction substantially parallel to the installation surface of the finger.
- the ion beam to be deflected may be detected.
- the light source is disposed above the finger, and the imaging unit is disposed immediately below the opening in the finger installation unit, or the light source from the light source is disposed so as not to be blocked by the detection electrodes. Can be mentioned.
- the arrangement of the light source, the imaging unit, and the detection electrode is not limited to this arrangement.
- the direction of the optical axis of the ion beam does not necessarily have to be substantially parallel to the installation surface, and may be any arrangement that does not affect the capture of the authentication image.
- a device for continuously introducing a gas from a liquid sample for example, a syringe pump
- components in various gases can be measured with high accuracy.
- the entire apparatus is placed in a box in which the temperature and humidity are controlled, clusters having substantially the same particle size distribution can always be generated, so that the detection accuracy is greatly improved.
- alcohol detection using a semiconductor sensor has been mainly described.
- the alcohol sensor unit 31 can be removed.
- Various types of substances can be measured by changing the type of detectors, using detectors with different principles, such as measuring changes in corona discharge voltage under constant current conditions, and measuring electrical conductivity.
- the present invention can be used for non-contact and non-invasive breath detection.
- the present invention can also be used for a drunk driving prevention device and a drowsy driving prevention device in a moving body such as an automobile. It can also be used as an interface for operating devices without contact. Furthermore, it can be used as a pretreatment for breathing training and analysis.
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Abstract
Description
N2 +・+2N2=N4 +・+N2
N4 +・+H2O=H2O+・+2N2
H2O++H2O=H3O+・+OH
H+(H2O)n-1+H2O+N2=H+(H2O)n+N2
空気による浮力の大きさ=(4/3)πr3ρgg
と表される。従って,質量mの水クラスターが重力方向に働く運動方程式は、
m・(dvg/dt)=(4/3)πr3ρpg-6πηrvg-(4/3)πr3ρfg
と表される。ここで、ρfは水の密度である。1気圧、25℃で空気中を落下する水滴を考えると、水の密度ρp=997.04kg/m3、空気の密度ρf=1.1843kg/m3、空気の粘性率η(25℃)=0.0000182、重力加速度g=9.807m/s2、となる。vgが正であれば、時間が経過するにつれて加速度は0となり、空気中の水クラスターは一定速度で等速運動をするようになる。この速度の終末速度vg0は上式をゼロと置くことにより次式となる。
vt0=qE/(6πηr)
となる。ここで、電荷q=1.6021×10-19C(A・s)である。電界は、例えば、距離10mmの引出用電極と検出用電極間に350Vを印加したとすると、電界E=35000V/mとなる。
2 コロナ放電用針電極
3 ホールダ押え
4 コロナ放電用針電極ホールダ
5 対向電極
6 検出電極
7 停止電極
8 センサー部蓋
9 対向電極用支え
10 検出電極用支え
11 第1排気口用継ぎ手
12 第2排気口用継ぎ手
13 イオン源部排気口
14 呼気導入口
15 呼気排出口
16 第2呼気排出口
17a 呼気導入口用メッシュ状板
17b 呼気排出口用メッシュ状板
18 第1呼気排出口
19 第2呼気排出口
20 イオン源部排気用継ぎ手
21 針電極用高圧電源
22 対向電極用高圧電源
23 検出電極用増幅器
24 アルコールセンサー用電源
25 アルコールセンサー
26 センサーボックス
27 表示
28 センサーボックス用呼気導入口
29 スイッチ
30 呼気モニター部
31 アルコールセンサー部
32a、32b、32c コネクター
33 アルコールセンサーヘッド
34 センサー用制御基板
35 センサー制御ライン
36a、36b信号ライン
37a、37bモニター用ケース
38 台座
39 コラムカバー
40 ステアリングホイール
41 カバー
42 香り発生装置
43 機器インターフェイス
Claims (10)
- 筐体内が大気圧環境下であって、
当該筐体内に、
イオンビームを発生するイオン源と、
当該イオンビームを通過させる開口部を有する対向電極と、
外気を筐体内に導入する導入手段と、
当該導入手段によって筐体内に導入された外気と前記イオンビームとが反応することによって偏向されるイオンを検出する検出電極とを有することを特徴とするイオン検出装置。 - 請求項1に記載のイオン検出装置において、
前記対向電極と、前記検出電極との間に電位差を発生させる制御手段を有することを特徴とするイオン検出装置。 - 請求項1に記載のイオン検出装置において、
前記イオン源は、針電極と当該針電極に高電圧を印加する手段とを有することを特徴とするイオン検出装置。 - 請求項1に記載のイオン検出装置において、
前記筐体内に外気が滞留することを防ぐ排気手段を備えることを特徴とするイオン検出装置。 - 請求項1に記載のイオン検出装置において、
前記外気は呼気であることを特徴とするイオン検出装置。 - 筐体内が大気圧環境下であって、
当該筐体内に、
イオンビームを発生するイオン源と、
当該イオンビームの照射軸方向に開口部を有する対向電極と、
呼気を筐体内に導入する導入手段と、
当該導入手段によって筐体内に導入された外気と前記イオンビームとが反応することによって偏向されたイオンを検出する検出電極とを備え、
当該検出電極には、前記イオンビームの照射軸上に第一開口部を有し、さらに当該イオンビームの照射軸とは異なる位置に第二開口部を有することを特徴とするイオン検出装置。 - 請求項6に記載のイオン検出装置において、
前記第二開口部を通過するイオンを検出するセンサーを有することを特徴とするイオン検出装置。 - 請求項7に記載のイオン検出装置において、
前記センサーは、アルコールセンサーであることを特徴とするイオン検出装置。 - 請求項6に記載のイオン検出装置において、
前記センサーによって検出される検出信号を元に呼気スペクトルを算出する演算手段を備えることを特徴とするイオン検出装置。 - 請求項9に記載のイオン検出装置において、
前記呼気スペクトルから呼気のピークを特定し、
呼気ピークの時間変化を検出することを特徴とするイオン検出装置。
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JP2011509162A JP5254432B2 (ja) | 2009-04-17 | 2009-04-17 | イオン検出装置 |
US13/264,604 US8368011B2 (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2009-04-17 | Ion detector |
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Cited By (3)
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JP2012215484A (ja) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-11-08 | Hitachi Ltd | イオン検出装置 |
WO2014192050A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-27 | 2014-12-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | イオン検出装置 |
JP2016053573A (ja) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-04-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 外気測定器とそれを備えた移動体 |
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US9025143B2 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2015-05-05 | Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation Yonsei University | Device for preventing intensity reduction of optical signal, optical emission spectrometer, optical instrument, and mass spectrometer including the same |
JP5794897B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-11 | 2015-10-14 | シャープ株式会社 | イオン発生ユニット及び電気機器 |
GB201307792D0 (en) * | 2013-04-30 | 2013-06-12 | Ionoptika Ltd | Use of a water cluster ion beam for sample analysis |
WO2017064784A1 (ja) | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 水分検出素子、ガス検出装置及び呼気検査システム |
US9607819B1 (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2017-03-28 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc. | Non-radioactive, capacitive discharge plasma ion source and method |
US10065651B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2018-09-04 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd | Electronic device and method for determining a state of a driver |
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JP5254432B2 (ja) | 2013-08-07 |
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