WO2010118619A1 - 一种提高type b保护倒换性能的方法、设备及系统 - Google Patents

一种提高type b保护倒换性能的方法、设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010118619A1
WO2010118619A1 PCT/CN2009/075919 CN2009075919W WO2010118619A1 WO 2010118619 A1 WO2010118619 A1 WO 2010118619A1 CN 2009075919 W CN2009075919 W CN 2009075919W WO 2010118619 A1 WO2010118619 A1 WO 2010118619A1
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Prior art keywords
olt
onu
onus
registration
pon port
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PCT/CN2009/075919
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙鹏
马小松
马润斌
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2010118619A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010118619A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H04L41/0668—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery by dynamic selection of recovery network elements, e.g. replacement by the most appropriate element after failure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method, device and system for improving Type B protection switching performance.
  • EPON Error Network Passive Optical Network
  • Type A As a broadband access technology, EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) has begun to enter the stage of large-scale deployment and has begun to enter various fields. Since commercial users, especially those with high reliability requirements, such as banks, power, and large enterprises, have higher reliability requirements, they have produced three mainstream protection technologies: Type A, B, and C.
  • Type B protection has become the most popular protection mode for operators with relatively low cost and high reliability.
  • Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of Type B protection in the prior art.
  • the typical Type B protection switching process includes: OLT (Optical Line Terminal) detects faults and performs switching, ONU (Optical Network Unit) re-registration and measurement process, OAM (Operation Administration and Maintenance) , management and maintenance) discovery and extension OAM discovery, 0NU device authentication, 0LT initial configuration of 0NU.
  • OLT Optical Line Terminal
  • ONU Optical Network Unit
  • OAM Operaation Administration and Maintenance
  • extension OAM discovery 0NU device authentication
  • 0LT initial configuration of 0NU 0NU.
  • the active and standby PON (Passive Optical Network) ports on the 0LT are two different P0N ports, that is, they have different PON MACs (Media Access Control).
  • PON MACs Media Access Control
  • the difference between the OLT's active and standby PON ports for the RTT (Round-Trip Time) value of the ONU ranging is large.
  • the OLT detects that the absolute difference between the old and new RTT values of a certain ONU exceeds 0LT protection gates.
  • 0LT will also trigger the 0NU deregistration because a timestamp drift error is detected. Therefore, once a switch occurs, since 0LT detects that all 0NUs have timestamp drift errors, all ONU deregistrations under the splitter will be triggered. After these 0NUs are deregistered, they will try to register again in the discovery window.
  • the authorization period of the discovery window and the size of the window itself are not specified in the standard, but are determined by the equipment manufacturer and the operator. Usually, the size of the window and the authorization period can be set. By default, in order to adapt to the actual situation and save bandwidth as much as possible, the authorization period of the discovery window is generally set to be relatively long. Generally, the discovery window will appear after many authorization cycles, and the size of the window is also compared. small.
  • FIG. 2 it is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a typical discovery process of an OLT in an EPON system. Wherein, a partial discovery window is given in the first authorization period; no discovery window is given in the second authorization period and the third authorization period; and a partial discovery window is given in the fourth period.
  • the recovery time should be less than 50ms. From the above analysis, the protection switching time of Type B is too long, even reaching several seconds, which is necessary to interrupt all applications of the customer, which is unacceptable to the customer and greatly reduces the significance of this protection mode.
  • the present invention provides a method, a device, and a system for improving the performance of the Type B protection switching, which are used to solve the problem that the Type B protection switching time existing in the prior art is long and cannot meet the high reliability requirements of the customer.
  • the invention provides a method for improving the performance of the Type B protection switching, which is applied to an EPON system of an Ethernet passive optical network including an optical cable terminal OLT and an optical network unit ONU, and includes the following steps:
  • the OLT After receiving the re-registration request sent by the ONU, the OLT gives a discovery window of all ONUs in the entire period in the first authorization period, and gives an unregistered ONU a non-full period of discovery window in the subsequent authorization period until all The ONU has completed registration again.
  • the foregoing related information includes: configuration information and status information of the primary PON interface, OAM discovery and extended OAM discovery status information, and authentication information, status information, and configuration information of the ONU.
  • the discovery window that gives the unregistered ONU a non-full cycle in the subsequent authorization cycle is passed
  • the ONU registration conflict is determined by the random backoff algorithm and the actual test value of the system.
  • the above methods also include:
  • the OLT when the OLT gives the unregistered ONU a non-full period discovery window, it simultaneously sends a normal Gate frame to the ONU that has started registration to complete the subsequent registration process.
  • the method further includes: the OLT performing normal service flow forwarding.
  • the invention also provides an optical cable terminal OLT, comprising:
  • the information backup unit is configured to back up the related information of the PON port of the primary passive optical network to the standby PON port when the OLT is not faulty, and notify all the ONUs that the OLT is in the Type B protection state;
  • a de-registration request sending unit configured to: when the OLT detects a fault, switch the main PON port to the standby PON port, and send a de-registration request to all ONUs under the OLT;
  • a discovery window allocation unit configured to, after receiving the re-registration request sent by the ONU, give a discovery window of all ONUs in a whole period in a first authorization period, and give an unregistered ONU a non-full period in a subsequent authorization period The window is found until all ONUs are registered again.
  • the related information of the foregoing main PNU port includes: Configuration information and status information of the primary PON port, OAM discovery and extension OAM discovery status information, and authentication information, status information, and configuration information of the ONU.
  • optical cable terminal provided by the invention further has the following features:
  • the discovery window allocation unit is configured to give an unregistered ONU a non-full cycle discovery window determined by the ONU registration conflict random backoff algorithm and the system actual test value in a subsequent authorization period.
  • the discovery window allocating unit is further configured to, in an authorization period other than the first authorization period, give the unregistered ONU a non-full period discovery window and send a normal Gate frame to the ONU that has started registration to complete the subsequent registration. process.
  • the optical cable terminal provided by the present invention further includes:
  • the service flow forwarding recovery unit is configured to perform normal traffic forwarding after all ONUs complete registration again.
  • the present invention also provides an Ethernet passive optical network system EPON, including the optical cable terminal OLT as described above, and an optical network unit ONU, where
  • the ONU is configured to receive a deregistration request of the OLT, perform deregistration, and send a re-registration request when the OLT detects a failure; and perform normal service flow forwarding after all ONUs are re-registered.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the method provided by the present invention can back up the information of the main PON port to the standby PON port before the OLT fails.
  • the OLT can quickly complete the switching, and the ONU can quickly complete the re-registration process.
  • the ONU When re-registering, the OLT can open the discovery window instantaneously and set the discovery window in the subsequent authorization period, which greatly saves the time required for the switching, and solves the problem that the Type B protection switching time is long and cannot satisfy the customer's high reliability. The question asked.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Type B protection in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of an OLT discovery process in an EPON system in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for improving Type B protection switching performance according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is implemented on an OLT side according to an embodiment of the present invention; Switching process flow chart;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of an OLT discovery process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an implementation switching process on an ONU side according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an optical cable terminal OLT provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of an EPON system of an Ethernet passive optical network according to the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a method, device, and system for improving the performance of a Type B protection switching, which solves the problem that the Type B protection switching time is long and cannot meet the high reliability requirements of the customer in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a method for improving the performance of the Type B protection switching, which is to improve the typical discovery process in the prior art, so as to shorten the time for the ONU to re-register and measure after the switching, and the flow chart of the specific method is provided. As shown in Figure 3, the following steps are included:
  • step S301 when the OLT is not faulty, the related information of the primary PON interface is backed up to the standby PON interface, and all the ONUs are notified that the OLT is in the Type B protection state.
  • the related information includes: configuration information and status information of the primary PON interface, OAM discovery and extended OAM discovery status information, and ONU authentication information, status information, and configuration information.
  • Step S302 When the OLT detects the fault, the main PON port is switched to the standby PON port, and the deregistration request is sent to all ONUs under the OLT.
  • the discovery window of the non-registered ONU in the subsequent authorization period is not determined by the ONU registration conflict random backoff algorithm and the actual test value of the system.
  • the OLT when the OLT gives the unregistered ONU a non-full period of the discovery window, the OLT sends a normal Gate frame to the ONU that has started registration to complete the subsequent registration process. .
  • step S303 the OLT performs normal traffic forwarding.
  • the related information of the primary PON port is backed up to the standby PON port before the failure of the OLT, so that when the fault occurs, the OLT can quickly complete the switching, and the ONU can quickly complete the re-registration process.
  • the OLT can instantly enlarge the discovery window and set the discovery window in the subsequent cycle, which greatly saves the time required for the switching, and solves the problem that the Type B protection switching time is long and cannot satisfy the customer's high reliability. The question asked.
  • the implementation process of the method for improving the Type B protection switching performance on the OLT side is as shown in FIG. 4, and includes the following steps:
  • Step S401 When the fault does not occur, that is, under normal circumstances, the OLT needs to configure the configuration information of the primary PON port and some status information, OAM discovery and extended OAM discovery status information, ONU device authentication information, status information, and configuration information by the primary device.
  • the PON port is backed up to the standby PON port in real time.
  • all ONUs are notified by the extended OAM that they are in the Type B protection state.
  • the configuration information and the status information of the primary PON interface include the LLID (Logical Link Identity) information and the dynamic multicast forwarding entry assigned by each ONU. It should be noted that only one PON port can be illuminated at any one time, so only the main PON port can emit light at this time, and the standby PON port in the standby state can only receive light and cannot emit light.
  • LLID Logical Link Identity
  • Step S402 the OLT performs fault detection, and when the fault is detected, the switching process is started immediately. Now switch from the primary PON port to the standby PON port.
  • the main content of the fault detection is the situation of the active and standby PON ports and the main and standby optical fibers. This part of the detection mainly detects the hardware devices and the status of the optical fibers.
  • the detection module is mainly composed of functional components such as FPGA or CPLD, so once the fault occurs, detection occurs. The time used is shorter and can be controlled within 20ms.
  • the main PON port stops emitting light and can only receive light, and the standby PON port immediately enters the normal receiving and receiving state.
  • Step S403 The ONU re-measures the distance. After the OLT switches from the primary PON port to the standby PON port, all ONUs will have a timestamp drift error, so that the OLT sends a deregistration request to all ONUs.
  • Step S404 After the OLT receives the re-registration request sent by all the ONUs, start the discovery process, and give the discovery window of the entire period in the first authorization period, and give the unregistered ONU a non-full period discovery window in the subsequent authorization period. Until all ONUs are completed and re-registered. The allocation of the discovery window in the subsequent authorization period by the OLT is determined by the ONU registration conflict random backoff algorithm and the actual test value.
  • the OLT takes three authorization cycles to implement re-registration of all ONUs.
  • the above is only a specific case of the method provided by the present invention.
  • the discovery window given by other authorization periods of the first authorization period may be divided according to the specific situation, and not only the above one case is limited.
  • the window is found to be large in the first authorization cycle, the possibility of conflicts between the ONUs to find the window is small, and thus it can be within several consecutive cycles. All ONUs are fully registered, and the bandwidth authorization and discovery process can be performed in the subsequent cycle according to the discovery process in the prior art.
  • the OLT will continue to give the discovery window through the ONU registration conflict random backoff algorithm and the actual test value until all ONUs complete the registration again.
  • Step S405 After all the ONUs are successfully registered, the OLT does not perform a series of processes such as subsequent OAM discovery and extended OAM discovery, and directly enters the service flow forwarding state.
  • the ONU device is authenticated, and the OLT backs up the ONU for initial configuration.
  • the process does not need to be re-handshake or configured because the PON link is interrupted for too long, which greatly shortens the switching process.
  • the registration and ranging processes involved in this embodiment are all implemented by an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) chip, so that time can be made short.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the method for improving the Type B protection switching performance provided in this embodiment is implemented on the ONU side as shown in FIG. 6, and includes the following steps:
  • Step S601 When the fault does not occur, the ONU has learned that it is in the Type B protection state by expanding the OAM.
  • Step S602 When the OLT detects a fault, it switches to the standby PON port. Since all the ONUs will have a timestamp drift error, the OLT sends a deregistration request. After the ONU receives the OLT's deregistration request, it performs deregistration and immediately sends the fault. Re-register the request.
  • Step S603 After all ONUs are re-registered, and they are known to be under Type B protection, The ONU immediately switches to the normal forwarding state of the service flow. This step enables the ONU to perform OAM discovery and extended OAM discovery, device authentication, configuration recovery, and the like.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention performs hot backup by configuring configuration information and status information of the main PON port, OAM discovery and extended OAM discovery status, ONU device authentication information and status, and ONU configuration information before the failure occurs.
  • the ONU can immediately switch to the normal forwarding state of the service flow after the ONU is re-registered. It does not need to perform OAM discovery and extended OAM discovery, device authentication, configuration recovery, etc., which greatly improves the switching efficiency.
  • the standby PON port will enlarge the discovery window to the full authorization period, increase the registration time and opportunity of the ONU, and give the discovery window through multiple authorization cycles, so that all ONUs can complete the registration process. , further shorten the registration time. Therefore, the implementation of the switching performance provided by the embodiment solves the problem that the Type B protection switching time is long and the high reliability requirement of the customer cannot be met.
  • the present invention also provides an optical cable terminal OLT, as shown in FIG. 7, specifically including:
  • the information backup unit 710 is configured to back up the related information of the PON port of the primary passive optical network to the standby PON port when the OLT is not faulty, and notify all the ONUs that the OLT is in the Type B protection state;
  • the deregistration request sending unit 720 is configured to: when the OLT detects the fault, switch the main PON port to the standby PON port, and send a deregistration request to all ONUs under the OLT;
  • the discovery window allocation unit 730 is configured to, after receiving the re-registration request sent by the ONU, give a discovery window of all the ONUs in the entire period in the first authorization period, and give the unregistered ONU a non-full period of the discovery window in the subsequent authorization period. Until all ONUs are completed to register again.
  • the related information in the information backup unit 710 for backing up related information of the PON port of the primary passive optical network to the standby PON interface is specifically: configuration information and status information of the primary PON interface, OAM discovery and extended OAM discovery status information, and ONU Authentication information, status information, and configuration information.
  • the above-mentioned discovery window allocating unit 730 respectively gives unregistered in the subsequent authorization period.
  • the discovery window of the ONU non-full cycle is determined by the ONU registration conflict random backoff algorithm and the actual test value of the system.
  • the discovery window allocation unit 730 is further configured to perform other than the first authorization period.
  • the unregistered ONU is given a non-full cycle discovery window while sending a normal Gate frame to the ONU that has started registration to complete the subsequent registration process.
  • the device provided by the present invention further includes: a service flow forwarding recovery unit 740, configured to perform normal service flow forwarding after all ONUs complete re-registration.
  • a service flow forwarding recovery unit 740 configured to perform normal service flow forwarding after all ONUs complete re-registration.
  • the related information of the primary PON port is backed up to the standby PON port before the OLT fails.
  • the OLT can quickly complete the switching, and the ONU can quickly complete the re-registration process.
  • the OLT can instantly enlarge the discovery window and set the discovery window in the subsequent cycle, which greatly saves the time required for the switching, and solves the problem that the Type B protection switching time is long and cannot satisfy the customer's high reliability. The question asked.
  • the present invention also provides an Ethernet passive optical network system EPON, as shown in FIG. 8, including a cable terminal OLT 810 and an optical network unit ONU 820, where
  • the OLT 810 is configured to back up the information about the PON port of the primary passive optical network to the standby PON port when the OLT is not faulty, and notify all the ONUs that the OLT is in the Type B protection state; when the OLT detects the fault The main PON port is switched to the standby PON port, and the deregistration request is sent to all ONUs under the OLT; when the OLT receives the re-registration request sent by the ONU, the entire cycle of all ONUs is found in the first authorization period. Window, and in the subsequent authorization cycle, give the unregistered ONU a non-full cycle discovery window until all ONUs complete the registration again;
  • the ONU 820 is configured to receive a deregistration request from the OLT when the OLT detects a failure, perform deregistration, and send a re-registration request; after all ONUs are re-registered, the normal service flow is forwarded.
  • the related information is specifically: configuration information and status information of the primary PON port, OAM discovery and extended OAM discovery status information, and ONU authentication information, status information, and configuration information.
  • the related information of the primary PON port is backed up to the standby PON port before the failure of the OLT, so that when the fault occurs, the OLT can quickly complete the switching, and the ONU can quickly complete the re-registration process.
  • the OLT can instantly enlarge the discovery window and set the discovery window in subsequent cycles, which greatly saves the time required for the switching.
  • the problem that the Type B protection switching time is long and the customer's high reliability requirement cannot be met is solved.
  • the present invention can backup the information of the main PON port to the backup PON port before the OLT fails.
  • the OLT can quickly complete the switching, and the ONU can quickly complete the re-registration process.
  • the OLT can open the discovery window instantaneously and set the discovery window in the subsequent authorization period, which greatly saves the time required for the switching, and solves the problem that the Type B protection switching time is long and cannot satisfy the customer. High reliability requirements.

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Description

一种提高 TYPE B保护倒换性能的方法、 设备及系统
技术领域
本发明涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种提高 Type B保护倒换性能的方 法、 设备及系统。
背景技术
作为一种宽带接入技术， EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network， 以太网 无源光网络）已经开始进入大规模部署的阶段， 开始进入各种各样的领域。 由 于商业用户尤其是一些对可靠性要求比较高的客户， 比如银行， 电力， 大企 业等客户对可靠性的要求都比较高， 因此就产生了 Type A、 B、 C三种主流 的保护技术。其中 Type B保护又以相对低的成本和高可靠性成为了运营商最 青睐的保护方式， 如图 1所示为现有技术中 Type B保护的示意图。
典型的 Type B保护倒换过程包括： OLT ( Optical Line Terminal,光缆终端） 检测到故障并执行倒换、 ONU ( Optical Network Unit, 光网络单元）重新注 册及测 巨过程、 OAM ( Operation Administration and Maintenance, 操作、 管理 和维护）发现以及扩展 OAM发现、 0NU设备认证、 0LT对 0NU进行初始化配 置。 在 Type B保护的部署中， 0LT上主备 PON ( Passive Optical Network, 无 源光纤网络） 口是两个不同的 P0N口， 也就是说分别拥有不同的 PON MAC ( Media Access Control,介质访问控制）模块和光模块， 而且在实际部署中主 备光纤一般走的都是不同路径， 因此这些主干光纤的长度会存在较大差别， 少则相差几米， 多则相差数公里， 然而器件的不同或光纤路径的不同都会导 致 OLT主备 PON口对 ONU测距时的 RTT ( Round-Trip Time, 往返时延）值有 较大偏差， 一旦 OLT检测到某一 0NU的新旧 RTT值之绝对差超过 0LT保护门 限时， 将产生时间戳漂移错误， 0LT也将会因为检测到时间戳漂移错误而触 发该 0NU解注册。 因此一旦发生倒换， 由于 0LT检测到所有 0NU均存在时间 戳漂移错误， 将触发该分路器下的所有 0NU解注册， 这些 0NU被解注册后， 均会在发现窗口内尝试再注册。 然而， 在 OLT上并不是每个授权周期都有发现窗口， 而是隔数个授权周 期才会有一个发现窗口， 以方便没有注册的 ONU进行注册。发现窗口的授权 周期以及窗口本身的大小， 标准里面都没有规定， 而是让设备商和运营商来 决定， 通常发现窗口的大小以及授权周期都是可以设定的。 在缺省情况下， 为了和实际情况相适应并且尽可能节省带宽， 发现窗口的授权周期一般都设 置得比较长， 一般要经过很多个授权周期才会出现发现窗口， 而且发现窗口 的大小也比较小。 如图 2所示， 为 EPON系统中 OLT的典型发现过程具体实 例的示意图。 其中， 在第一授权周期中给予部分发现窗口； 第二授权周期、 第三授权周期中均没有给予发现窗口； 在第四周期中又给予部分发现窗口。
所以，现有技术中如果因故障发生倒换，那么倒换后所有 ONU必须同时 竟争这个隔数个授权周期才出现的一个发现窗口来进行注册， 这时候冲突发 生的概率要比正常大很多，因此该分路器下的所有 ONU要全部重新注册上需 要一个冗长的时间，甚至达到秒级。 由于倒换后 ONU重新注册以及测距过程 较长，导致后面的所有过程都需要重新进行， 因此等所有 ONU都恢复业务流 量转发需要数秒的时间。
从不中断任何业务的需求来看， 在 Type B保护中， 如果 PON口或者主 干光纤发生故障时， 恢复的时间应该小于 50ms。 从上面分析来看， Type B的 保护倒换时间过长， 甚至达到数秒级， 这样势必要中断客户的所有应用， 这 对客户来说是不能接受的， 也大大降低了该种保护方式的意义。
发明内容
本发明提供一种提高 Type B保护倒换性能的方法、设备及系统， 用以解 决现有技术中存在的 Type B保护倒换时间长而不能满足客户高可靠性要求的 问题。
本发明提供的一种提高 Type B保护倒换性能的方法，应用在包括光缆终 端 OLT和光网络单元 ONU的以太网无源光网络 EPON系统中， 包括以下步 骤：
在 OLT未发生故障时， 将主无源光纤网络 PON口的相关信息备份到备 PON口 , 并通知所有 ONU所述 OLT处于 Type B保护状态下； 当所述 OLT检测到故障时， 将主 PON口倒换到备 PON口， 并向所述 OLT下的所有 ONU发送解注册请求；
所述 OLT接收所述 ONU发送的再次注册请求后， 在第一授权周期中给 予所有 ONU整个周期的发现窗口， 并在后续的授权周期中给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口， 直到所有 ONU均完成再次注册。
其中， 上述相关信息包括： 主 PON口的配置信息及状态信息， OAM发 现及扩展 OAM发现状态信息，以及 ONU的认证信息、状态信息和配置信息。
本发明提供的方法进一步具有以下特点：
在后续的授权周期中给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口是通过
ONU注册冲突随机退避算法和系统实际测试值确定的。
上述方法还包括：
在除第一授权周期以外的其他授权周期中，所述 OLT给予未注册的 ONU 非整个周期的发现窗口时， 同时为已开始注册的 ONU发送普通 Gate帧使其 完成后续的注册过程。
上述方法在所有 ONU均完成再次注册的步骤之后还包括： 所述 OLT进 行正常业务流转发。 本发明还提供一种光缆终端 OLT, 包括：
信息备份单元，其设置成在 OLT未发生故障时，将主无源光纤网络 PON 口的相关信息备份到备 PON口， 并通知所有 ONU所述 OLT处于 Type B保 护状态下；
解注册请求发送单元， 其设置成 当所述 OLT检测到故障时， 将主 PON 口倒换到备 PON口， 并向所述 OLT下的所有 ONU发送解注册请求；
发现窗口分配单元，其设置成接收所述 ONU发送的再次注册请求后，在 第一授权周期中给予所有 ONU整个周期的发现窗口，并在后续的授权周期中 给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口，直到所有 ONU均完成再次注册。
其中， 上述主 PNU口的相关信息包括： 主 PON口的配置信息及状态信息， OAM发现及扩展 OAM发现状态信 息， 以及 ONU的认证信息、 状态信息和配置信息。
本发明提供的光缆终端进一步具有以下特点：
所述发现窗口分配单元是设置成在后续的授权周期中将通过 ONU注册 冲突随机退避算法和系统实际测试值确定的非整个周期的发现窗口给予未注 册的 ONU。
所述发现窗口分配单元还设置成在除第一授权周期以外的其他授权周期 中， 给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期发现窗口的同时为已开始注册的 ONU发 送普通 Gate帧使其完成后续的注册过程。
本发明提供的光缆终端还包括：
业务流转发恢复单元，其设置成在所有 ONU完成再次注册后，进行正常 业务流转发。
本发明还提供一种以太网无源光网络系统 EPON, 包括如上所述的光缆 终端 OLT, 和光网络单元 ONU, 其中，
所述 ONU设置成 在所述 OLT检测到故障时， 接收所述 OLT的解注册 请求， 进行解注册， 并发送再次注册请求； 待所有 ONU再次注册完成后进行 正常业务流转发。 与现有技术相比， 本发明具有以下优点：
本发明提供的方法， 在 OLT未发生故障前通过备份主 PON口的相关信 息到备 PON口， 在有故障发生时， 使得 OLT能够迅速完成的倒换、 ONU能 够迅速完成再注册流程， 同时， ONU在进行再次注册时， OLT能够将发现窗 口瞬间拉大， 且在后续的授权周期中设置发现窗口， 大大节省了倒换所需的 时间， 解决了 Type B保护倒换时间长而不能满足客户高可靠性要求的问题。
附图概述
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图进行简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下 面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为现有技术中 Type B保护示意图；
图 2为现有技术中 EPON系统中 OLT发现过程具体实例示意图； 图 3为本发明提供的一种提高 Type B保护倒换性能的方法的流程图； 图 4为本发明实施例中在 OLT侧实现倒换过程流程图；
图 5为本发明实施例中 OLT发现过程具体实例示意图；
图 6为本发明实施例中在 ONU侧的实现倒换过程流程图；
图 7为本发明提供的一种光缆终端 OLT的结构图；
图 8为本发明提供的一种以太网无源光网络 EPON系统结构图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例， 而 不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做 出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供一种提高 Type B保护倒换性能的方法、设备及系统， 用以解 决现有技术中存在 Type B保护倒换时间长而不能满足客户高可靠性要求的问 题。
本发明提供一种提高 Type B保护倒换性能的方法，该方法是对现有技术 中典型的发现过程进行改进， 以缩短倒换过去后 ONU重新注册及测距的时 间， 具体的该方法的流程图如图 3所示， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 S301、在 OLT未发生故障时，将主 PON口的相关信息备份到备 PON 口， 并通知所有 ONU所述 OLT处于 Type B保护状态下。
其中， 相关信息具体包括： 主 PON口的配置信息及状态信息， OAM发 现及扩展 OAM发现状态信息，以及 ONU的认证信息、状态信息和配置信息。
步骤 S302、 当 OLT检测到故障时， 将主 PON口倒换到备 PON口， 并向 OLT下的所有 ONU发送解注册请求。 步骤 S303、 OLT接收 ONU发送的再次注册请求后， 在第一授权周期中 给予所有 ONU整个周期的发现窗口， 并在后续的授权周期中给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口， 直到所有 ONU均完成再次注册。
其中，该步骤中在后续的授权周期中给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发 现窗口是通过 ONU注册冲突随机退避算法和系统实际测试值确定的。
且该步骤中，在除第一授权周期以外的其他授权周期中， OLT给予未注 册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口时， 同时为已开始注册的 ONU发送普通 Gate帧使其完成后续的注册过程。
在步骤 S303之后， OLT进行正常业务流转发。
通过本发明提供的方法， 在 OLT未发生故障前通过备份主 PON口的相 关信息到备 PON口，在有故障发生时，使得 OLT能够迅速完成的倒换、 ONU 能够迅速完成再注册流程， 同时， ONU在进行再次注册时， OLT能够将发现 窗口瞬间拉大， 且在后续的周期中设置发现窗口， 大大节省了倒换所需的时 间， 解决了 Type B保护倒换时间长而不能满足客户高可靠性要求的问题。
下面通过一具体实施例来详细阐述本发明提供的提高 Type B保护倒换 性能方法的具体实现过程。
具体的本实施例实现提高 Type B保护倒换性能的方法在 OLT侧的倒换 实现过程如图 4所示， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 S401、 在故障未发生时， 也就是正常情况下， OLT需要将主 PON 口的配置信息以及一些状态信息、 OAM发现及扩展 OAM发现状态信息、 ONU 设备认证信息、 状态信息以及配置信息由主 PON口实时备份到备 PON口， 同时还需要通过扩展 OAM通知所有 ONU其处于 Type B保护状态下。
其中， 主 PON口的配置信息以及状态信息包括每个 ONU分配的 LLID ( Logical Link Identity, 逻辑链路标识）信息、 动态组播转发表项等。 需要注 意的是由于在任何一个时刻只能有一个 PON 口发光， 因此这时只有主 PON 口才能发光， 处于备用状态的备 PON口只可以收光而不能发光。
步骤 S402、 OLT进行故障检测， 当检测到故障时立即启动倒换流程， 实 现从主 PON口倒换到备 PON口。
其中， 故障检测的主要内容是主备 PON口以及主备光纤的情况， 这部分 检测主要是检测硬件器件以及光纤的状况， 检测模块以 FPGA或 CPLD等功 能部件为主， 因此一旦有故障发生检测所用的时间就比较短， 可以控制在 20ms以内。
需要说明的是， 当检测到故障启动倒换流程后， 主 PON口停止发光而只 能收光， 而备 PON口立即进入正常收发光状态。
步骤 S403、 ONU重新测距， 由于 OLT从主 PON口倒换到备 PON口后， 所有 ONU将会出现时间戳漂移错误， 使得 OLT向所有 ONU发送解注册请 求。
步骤 S404、 待 OLT接收所有 ONU发送的再次注册请求后， 开始发现流 程， 在第一授权周期中给予整个周期的发现窗口， 在后续的授权周期中给予 未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口，直到所有 ONU均完成再注册。其中， OLT对后续授权周期中发现窗口的分配是通过 ONU注册冲突随机退避算法 和实际测试值确定的。
下面通过一个具体示例来说明上述窗口分配过程，本示例中 OLT釆取三 个授权周期即可实现所有 ONU的再注册。 当然，上述只是本发明提供方法的 一种具体情况， 除了第一授权周期的其他授权周期给予的发现窗口可以根据 具体情况来划分， 并不仅局限上述一种情况。
上述示例中 OLT发现示意图如图 5所示， 具体过程为：
( 1 )开始第一个授权周期， 此时 OLT中的备 PON口可以将发现窗口拉 大到布满整个周期以便让所有 ONU都有充分的再次注册时间和机会。经过该 第一个周期后， 已经有大部分 ONU开始与 OLT进行了注册交互。
( 2 )开始第二个授权周期， 给已经开始注册了的 ONU发送 Gate帧以使 这些 ONU进行后续的注册过程， 由于经过第一个授权周期， 大部分 ONU已 经开始与 OLT进行注册交互， 因此通过 ONU注册冲突随机退避理论和实际 测试值，再次给予未注册的 ONU四分之一周期的发现窗口以方便还没有注册 上来的 ONU注册。 经过这两个授权周期绝大部分 ONU已经开始注册。 ( 3 )开始第三个授权周期， 此时给已经开始注册的 ONU发送 Gate帧以 使已经开始注册的 ONU进行后续的注册过程， 由于经过前两个授权周期，绝 大部分 ONU已经开始与 OLT进行注册交互， 因此通过 ONU注册冲突随机 退避算法和实际测试值， 继续给予八分之一周期的发现窗口以方便极个别没 有得以注册的 ONU开始注册。
在经过上述三次特殊周期后， 由于第一授权周期中发现窗口拉的很大， 因此 ONU之间竟争发现窗口而产生冲突的可能性就很小，进而在几个连续的 周期之内就可以将所有 ONU全部完成注册，在后续的周期中就可以按照现有 技术中的发现过程来进行带宽授权和发现过程。
当然， 若某一具体实例中经过三个授权周期后还有未注册的 ONU, 则
OLT会继续通过 ONU注册冲突随机退避算法和实际测试值给予发现窗口， 直到所有 ONU均完成再次注册。
步骤 S405、 待所有 ONU均注册成功后， OLT不再进行后续的 OAM发 现及扩展 OAM发现等一系列过程， 直接进入到业务流转发状态。
ONU设备认证、 OLT对 ONU进行初始化配置等信息进行备份， 通过该过程 就不需要因为 PON链路中断时间过长而必须重新握手或配置，从而将倒换过 程大大缩短。同时，本实施例中涉及的注册及测距过程都是 ASIC ( Application Specific Integrated Circuit, 专用集成电路）芯片完成的， 因此可以让时间做得 很短。
具体的本实施例提供的提高 Type B保护倒换性能的方法在 ONU侧倒换 实现过程如图 6所示， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 S601、在故障未发生时， ONU已经通过扩展 OAM得知其处于 Type B保护的状态下。
步骤 S602、 当 OLT检测到故障时， 倒换到备用 PON口， 由于所有 ONU 将会出现时间戳漂移错误， 导致 OLT发送解注册请求， 当 ONU接收 OLT的 解注册请求后， 进行解注册并立即发送重新注册请求。
步骤 S603、 待所有 ONU重新注册上以后且已知其处于 Type B保护下， ONU立即切换到业务流正常转发状态。 该步骤使得 ONU可以不需要再次进 行 OAM发现及扩展 OAM发现、 设备认证、 配置恢复等操作。
本发明实施例提供的方法，通过在未发生故障前对主 PON口的配置信息 以及状态信息、 OAM发现及扩展 OAM发现状态、 ONU设备认证信息及状 态以及 ONU的配置信息等进行热备份， 使得在故障发生时， ONU重新注册 上以后 ONU可以立即切换到业务流正常转发状态，不需要再次进行 OAM发 现及扩展 OAM发现、 设备认证、 配置恢复等操作， 大大提高了倒换效率； 同时， 在 ONU进行再次注册时， 备 PON口将发现窗口拉大到布满整个授权 周期，增加了 ONU的注册时间和机会，并且连续经过多个个授权周期均给予 发现窗口， 使得所有 ONU得以完成再次注册过程， 进一步缩短注册时间。 所 以通过本实施例提供的倒换性能的实现方法，解决了 Type B保护倒换时间长 而不能满足客户高可靠性要求的问题。
本发明还提供一种光缆终端 OLT, 如图 7所示， 具体包括：
信息备份单元 710,设置成在 OLT未发生故障时，将主无源光纤网络 PON 口的相关信息备份到备 PON口， 并通知所有 ONU所述 OLT处于 Type B保 护状态下；
解注册请求发送单元 720,设置成当 OLT检测到故障时，将主 PON口倒 换到备 PON口， 并向 OLT下的所有 ONU发送解注册请求；
发现窗口分配单元 730, 设置成接收 ONU发送的再次注册请求后， 在第 一授权周期中给予所有 ONU整个周期的发现窗口，并在后续的授权周期中给 予未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口， 直到所有 ONU均完成再次注册。
其中，信息备份单元 710中将主无源光纤网络 PON口的相关信息备份到 备 PON口中的相关信息具体为： 主 PON口的配置信息及状态信息， OAM发 现及扩展 OAM发现状态信息，以及 ONU的认证信息、状态信息和配置信息。
上述发现窗口分配单元 730 中在后续的授权周期中分别给予未注册的
ONU非整个周期的发现窗口是通过 ONU注册冲突随机退避算法和系统实际 测试值确定的。
且上述发现窗口分配单元 730还设置成在除第一授权周期以外的其他授 权周期中， 给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期发现窗口的同时为已开始注册的 ONU发送普通 Gate帧使其完成后续的注册过程。
具体的， 本发明提供的设备还进一步包括： 业务流转发恢复单元 740, 设置成在所有 ONU完成再次注册后， 进行正常业务流转发。
通过本发明提供的设备， 在 OLT未发生故障前通过备份主 PON口的相 关信息到备 PON口，在有故障发生时，使得 OLT能够迅速完成的倒换、 ONU 能够迅速完成再注册流程， 同时， ONU在进行再次注册时， OLT能够将发现 窗口瞬间拉大， 且在后续的周期中设置发现窗口， 大大节省了倒换所需的时 间， 解决了 Type B保护倒换时间长而不能满足客户高可靠性要求的问题。
本发明还提供一种以太网无源光网络系统 EPON, 如图 8所示， 包括光 缆终端 OLT 810和光网络单元 ONU 820 , 其中，
OLT 810,设置成在 OLT未发生故障时，将主无源光纤网络 PON口的相 关信息备份到备 PON口， 并通知所有 ONU所述 OLT处于 Type B保护状态 下； 当所述 OLT检测到故障时， 将主 PON口倒换到备 PON口， 并向所述 OLT下的所有 ONU发送解注册请求； 当 OLT接收 ONU发送的再次注册请 求时，在第一授权周期中给予所有 ONU整个周期的发现窗口，并在后续的授 权周期中给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口， 直到所有 ONU均完成 再次注册；
ONU 820, 设置成在 OLT检测到故障时， 接收 OLT的解注册请求， 进 行解注册，并发送再次注册请求；待所有 ONU再次注册完成后进行正常业务 流转发。
其中， 上述相关信息具体为： 主 PON 口的配置信息及状态信息， OAM 发现及扩展 OAM发现状态信息， 以及 ONU的认证信息、 状态信息和配置信 息。
通过本发明提供的系统， 在 OLT未发生故障前通过备份主 PON口的相 关信息到备 PON口，在有故障发生时，使得 OLT能够迅速完成的倒换、 ONU 能够迅速完成再注册流程， 同时， ONU在进行再次注册时， OLT能够将发现 窗口瞬间拉大， 且在后续的周期中设置发现窗口， 大大节省了倒换所需的时 间， 解决了 Type B保护倒换时间长而不能满足客户高可靠性要求的问题。 发明的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要 求及其等同技术的范围之内， 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
工业实用性
与现有技术相比， 本发明在 OLT未发生故障前通过备份主 PON口的相 关信息到备 PON口，在有故障发生时，使得 OLT能够迅速完成的倒换、 ONU 能够迅速完成再注册流程， 同时， ONU在进行再次注册时， OLT能够将发现 窗口瞬间拉大， 且在后续的授权周期中设置发现窗口， 大大节省了倒换所需 的时间，解决了 Type B保护倒换时间长而不能满足客户高可靠性要求的问题。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种提高 Type B保护倒换性能的方法， 其应用在包括光缆终端 OLT 和光网络单元 ONU的以太网无源光网络 EPON系统中， 所述方法包括： 在 OLT未发生故障时， 将主无源光纤网络 PON口的相关信息备份到备 PON口， 并通知所有 ONU所述 OLT处于 Type B保护状态下；
当所述 OLT检测到故障时， 将主 PON口倒换到备 PON口， 并向所述 OLT下的所有 ONU发送解注册请求；
所述 OLT接收所述 ONU发送的再次注册请求后， 在第一授权周期中给 予所有 ONU整个周期的发现窗口， 并在后续的授权周期中给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口， 直到所有 ONU均完成再次注册。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 所述相关信息包括：
主 PON口的配置信息及状态信息；
OAM发现及扩展 OAM发现状态信息； 以及
ONU的认证信息、 状态信息和配置信息。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法， 其中， 在在后续的授权周期中给予未 注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口的步骤中，所述非整个周期的发现窗口是 通过 ONU注册冲突随机退避算法和系统实际测试值确定的。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的方法， 其还包括：
在除第一授权周期以外的其他授权周期中，所述 OLT给予未注册的 ONU 非整个周期的发现窗口时， 同时为已开始注册的 ONU发送普通 Gate帧， 以 使所述已开始注册的 ONU完成后续的注册过程。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的方法， 其在所有 ONU均完成再次注册的步骤之 后还包括：
所述 OLT进行正常业务流转发。
6、 一种光缆终端 OLT, 其包括：
信息备份单元，其设置成在 OLT未发生故障时，将主无源光纤网络 PON 口的相关信息备份到备 PON口， 并通知所有 ONU所述 OLT处于 Type B保 护状态下；
解注册请求发送单元， 其设置成当所述 OLT检测到故障时， 将主 PON 口倒换到备 PON口， 并向所述 OLT下的所有 ONU发送解注册请求；
发现窗口分配单元，其设置成接收所述 ONU发送的再次注册请求后，在 第一授权周期中给予所有 ONU整个周期的发现窗口，并在后续的授权周期中 给予未注册的 ONU非整个周期的发现窗口，直到所有 ONU均完成再次注册。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的光缆终端， 其中， 所述主 PON口的相关信息包 括：
主 PON口的配置信息及状态信息；
OAM发现及扩展 OAM发现状态信息； 以及
ONU的认证信息、 状态信息和配置信息。
8、 如权利要求 6或 7所述的光缆终端， 其中， 所述发现窗口分配单元是 设置成在后续的授权周期中将通过 ONU注册冲突随机退避算法和系统实际 测试值确定的非整个周期的发现窗口给予未注册的 ONU。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的光缆终端， 其中， 所述发现窗口分配单元还设置 成在除第一授权周期以外的其他授权周期中，在给予未注册的 ONU非整个周 期的发现窗口的同时为已开始注册的 ONU发送普通 Gate帧， 以使所述已开 始注册的 ONU完成后续的注册过程。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的光缆终端， 其还包括：
业务流转发恢复单元，其设置成在所有 ONU完成再次注册后，进行正常 业务流转发。
11、 一种以太网无源光网络 EPON系统， 其包括如权利要求 6-10所述的 光缆终端 OLT, 和光网络单元 ONU, 其中，
所述 ONU设置成在所述 OLT检测到故障时，接收所述 OLT的解注册请 求， 进行解注册， 并发送再次注册请求； 待所有 ONU再次注册完成后进行正 常业务流转发。
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