WO2010103787A1 - Power supply system, and movable body and fixed body for same - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a power supply system which is capable of supplying power at a frequency exceeding the limit of the operation frequency of a power transistor used for an AC power source. The power supply system is for supplying the power from a fixed body (10) disposed in a power-supplying area to a predetermined load via the movable body (30) disposed in an area to be supplied with the power. The fixed body (10) is provided with: a first power-transmission electrode (12) and a second power-transmission electrode (13); the AC power source (11) which supplies power by an AC output containing a fundamental wave and a higher harmonic wave at a multiplied frequency of the fundamental wave; and a first capacitor (14) and a first coil (15) which generate parallel resonance at the multiplied frequency. The movable body (30) is provided with a first power-receiving electrode (31) and a second power-receiving electrode (32). The AC power source (11) supplies power to the load via a first coupling capacitor (40) and a second coupling capacitor (41).

Description

Power supply system, and movable body and fixed body therefor

The present invention relates to a power supply system for supplying power to various loads, and a movable body and a fixed body therefor.
This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-060001 filed in Japan on March 12, 2009 and incorporates the contents thereof.

In general, a power supply system that supplies power to various loads arranged on the floor surface is a contact type that supplies power by bringing an electrode that is exposed on the floor surface into contact with an electrode provided on the bottom surface of the load. The power supply system can be broadly divided into a non-contact type power supply system that supplies power without contacting an electrode provided in a non-exposed state inside the floor with a load electrode.

Among these, a conventional non-contact type power supply system is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. This system supplies power to a load (a ground movable body) that moves along a traveling path. An induction wire is disposed along the traveling path, and an iron core in which a coil is wound around the ground movable body. Is provided. Then, a high-frequency current is passed through the induction wire, and electromagnetic induction is performed with the induction wire as the primary side and the coil as the secondary side, thereby supplying power to the ground movable body.

Further, as another non-contact type power supply system, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a wireless power transmission sheet. This wireless power transmission sheet includes a power transmission coil, a power control MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) switch, a position detection coil of a power receiving device, and an organic transistor that performs position detection using the position detection coil. It is configured by forming on a plastic film using a printing technique. In this wireless power transmission sheet, the approach position of the electronic device is specified by detecting the change in the inductance of the position detection coil with the approach of the electronic device to the sheet by the organic transistor. And the power transmission coil corresponding to this specified position is selected with a MEMS switch, and electric power is transmitted from the selected power transmission coil.

However, in such a conventional non-contact power supply system, in order to increase the power transmission efficiency, the induction wire and the coil are brought close to each other, or the magnetic flux generated by energizing the induction wire is applied to the central axis of the coil. There were many restrictions on the position, such as the need to align the guide wire and the coil so that they could pass through. Accordingly, there is a problem that power can be supplied only through a fixed route such as a traveling path, and power cannot be supplied to a movable body such as a robot that needs to move freely on the floor surface. . In addition, it is necessary to use a magnetic material such as an iron core to form a magnetic path, which increases the weight and causes noise due to magnetostriction when the magnetic material is subjected to AC excitation. Further, even in the conventional wireless power transmission sheet, in order to increase the power transmission efficiency, it is necessary to match the position of the power transmission coil with the position of the power reception coil of the electronic device, and there are still many restrictions on the position. In addition, since many switches are used, there is a possibility that reliability may be lowered. In addition, as a non-contact power supply system, it is conceivable to supply power using electromagnetic waves, but there are strict regulations from the viewpoint of avoiding adverse effects on the human body and malfunctions of electronic devices, and people like office spaces It was difficult to install in the place where there is.

In view of these points, the inventors of the present application propose a power supply system that can perform non-contact power feeding using series resonance using electric field coupling instead of electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic waves using magnetic field coupling. (See Patent Document 2. However, at the time of filing this application, Patent Document 2 is not disclosed and the power supply system is not known). Hereinafter, an outline of the power supply system will be described.

FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of such a conventional power supply system. This power supply system is a power supply system for supplying power to a load 204 from a fixed body 201 disposed in a power supply area 200 via a movable body 203 disposed in a power supplied area 202. is there. The fixed body 201 includes a first power transmission electrode 205 and a second power transmission electrode 206 that are disposed in the vicinity of the boundary surface between the power supply region 200 and the power supplied region 202. The movable body 203 is disposed in the vicinity of the boundary surface, and the first power receiving electrode 207 is disposed so as to face the first power transmitting electrode 205 or the second power transmitting electrode 206 in a non-contact manner. And a second power receiving electrode 208. The first capacitor electrode 205 and the second power transmitter electrode 206 are combined with the first power receiver electrode 207 and the second power receiver electrode 208 to form a coupling capacitor 209. The coupling capacitor 209 and the coil 210 are connected in series. By forming a resonance circuit, it is possible to supply power from the fixed body 201 to the movable body 103 with high efficiency. Specifically, a large number of such fixed bodies 201 are arranged below the floor plate 211, and power supply can be continued in a non-contact manner while the movable body 203 is running on the floor plate 211. It becomes.

In this power supply system, an AC power source 215 whose frequency can be controlled by switching is provided in the fixed body 201, and the AC power source 215 supplies AC power of a desired frequency to the first power transmission electrode 205 and the second power transmission. The electrode 206 is supplied.

In addition, this power supply system is provided with a function that enables communication between the fixed body 201 and the movable body 203 in order to perform power supply control. Specifically, each fixed body 201 is provided with a communication unit 212, and the movable body 203 is provided with a communication unit 213. Then, a power supply request signal is transmitted from the communication unit 213 of the movable body 203. Each fixed body 201 performs power supply control assuming that the movable body 203 is positioned above itself when a power supply request signal is received by its own communication unit 212.

Further, even when it can be determined that the movable body 203 is located above itself, when the movable body 203 moves in a random direction, the movable body 203 is disposed to face the first power transmission electrode 205. Whether the electrode is the first power receiving electrode 207 or the second power receiving electrode 208, or the electrode disposed opposite to the second power transmitting electrode 206 is the first power receiving electrode 207 or the second power receiving electrode 208. Cannot be specified. Therefore, rectification is performed using the connection portion 214 having a plurality of diodes, and power supply can be continued so as to match the polarity of the load 204 regardless of the opposing arrangement state of the electrodes. Further, when the diode is arranged in the movable body 203 in this way and the coil 210 is provided between the diode and the load 204, the diode 210 is rectified and the series resonance with the coupling capacitor 209 is not established. Therefore, the coil 210 is arranged on the fixed body 201 side.

According to this power supply system, since it is not necessary to expose the first power transmission electrode 205 and the second power transmission electrode 206 to the power supplied region 202, introduction into a place where a person is present is facilitated. In addition, since power can be supplied by arranging the electrodes facing each other at such a distance that a desired capacitor capacity is generated, it is not necessary to perform precise alignment as in the electromagnetic induction method. In contrast, power can be supplied.

JP-A-9-93704 Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-256369

By the way, there is a limit to the operating frequency of a power transistor used for frequency control of an AC power supply, and an insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) using Si is about 500 kHz, and a transistor using SiC is about 1 MHz. Operating frequency limit. Therefore, in the conventional power supply system, it is difficult to supply AC power at a frequency that is higher than the operating frequency limit.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system capable of supplying power at a frequency exceeding the operating frequency limit of a power transistor used in an AC power supply in the power supply system. Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the movable body and fixed body for comprising such an electric power supply system.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the power supply system according to claim 1 is configured so that a predetermined body is provided from a fixed body disposed in the power supply area through a movable body disposed in the power supply area. A power supply system for supplying power to a load of the power supply, wherein the fixed body is disposed in a vicinity of a boundary surface between the power supply area and the power supplied area. The first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode to which alternating current power is supplied, and the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode include a fundamental wave and harmonics of a frequency multiplied by the fundamental wave. An AC power source that supplies electric power at the output, and the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode are connected in parallel to each other, and a first that generates parallel resonance at the multiplied frequency The capacitor and the first coil The movable body includes a first power receiving electrode and a second power receiving electrode which are arranged in a non-contact manner and in a non-contact manner with respect to the first power transmitting electrode or the second power transmitting electrode with the boundary surface interposed therebetween. The first coupling capacitor is configured by disposing one of the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode so as to face the first power transmitting electrode, and the first A second coupling capacitor is configured by arranging the other one of the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode so as to face the two power transmitting electrodes, and the AC power supply Power is transmitted to the load through a capacitor and the second coupling capacitor.

The power supply system according to claim 2 is the power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the first capacitor includes a first conductive plate connected to the first power transmission electrode, and the first capacitor. And a second conductive plate connected to the two power transmission electrodes with a space between each other, and the first coil includes the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate. Are connected to each other.

Further, the power supply system according to claim 3 is the power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode are alternately arranged along the boundary surface. A plurality of juxtaposed, the plurality of first power transmission electrodes connected to the common first conductive plate, and the plurality of second power transmission electrodes connected to the common second conductive plate Features.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the power supply system of the third aspect, the boundary surface, the first conductive plate, and the second conductive plate are spaced apart from each other. The plurality of first power transmission electrodes are connected to a surface of the first conductive plate that is not opposed to the second conductive plate through first connection means. The second conductive electrode is inserted into a connection hole formed in the first conductive plate on the surface of the second conductive plate that faces the first conductive plate. It is characterized by having connected through the connection means.

The power supply system according to claim 5 is the power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fixed body is mutually connected to the first capacitor and the first coil. A series connected in parallel and generating a series resonance by the frequency of the fundamental wave or by a harmonic frequency that is unnecessary among the harmonics having a frequency multiplied by the frequency of the fundamental wave. A resonance circuit is provided.

The power supply system according to claim 6 is the power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the movable body includes the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode. And a second capacitor that generates parallel resonance at the predetermined multiplication frequency and a second coil.

The power supply system according to claim 7 is the power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fixed body is between the plurality of conductive plates and the plurality of conductive plates. A plurality of supply layers for supplying electric power or communication signals, which are integrally formed by arranging the provided insulating layers so as to overlap each other, and a plurality of the insulation layers are arranged in parallel above the supply panel. A first function module having a function of configuring the floor surface, or a second function having a function of inputting or outputting power or a communication signal connected to the supply panel in addition to the function of configuring the floor surface And a module.

Further, the power supply system according to claim 8 is the power supply system according to claim 7, wherein a DC power supply is connected to the supply panel so as to supply DC power via the plurality of conductive plates, The AC power source that converts DC power supplied to the second functional module through the plurality of conductive plates into AC power, the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode, and the first The capacitor and the first coil are arranged.

The movable body according to claim 9 is a movable body that is disposed in a power supply region and that supplies electric power supplied from a fixed body disposed in the power supply region to a predetermined load. The first power transmission electrode or the second power transmission electrode to which alternating current power is supplied and opposed to each other across the boundary surface between the power supply region and the power supplied region In addition, the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode arranged in a non-contact manner, and the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode are connected in parallel to each other, and the multiplication is performed A second capacitor that generates parallel resonance at a frequency and a second coil are provided, and one of the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode is disposed to face the first power transmitting electrode. To form a first coupling capacitor, and Second coupling capacitor by the so as to face the second power transmission electrodes and the other of the first power receiving electrode or the second receiving electrodes are arranged, characterized in that it is configured.

The fixed body according to claim 10 is a fixed body that is disposed in a power supply area and supplies power to a predetermined load via a movable body that is disposed in a power supply area, and is movable. With respect to at least one set of power receiving electrodes disposed on the body, the power receiving region and the power supplied region are arranged in an opposing and non-contact manner across the boundary surface between the power supplying region and the power supplied region. A first power transmission electrode and a second power transmission electrode constituting a capacitor between the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode, and an alternating current including harmonics of the fundamental wave and a frequency multiplied by the fundamental wave. An AC power source that supplies electric power at the output, and the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode are connected in parallel to each other, and a first that generates parallel resonance at the multiplied frequency A capacitor and a first coil, One of the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode is disposed so as to face the first power transmitting electrode, thereby forming a first coupling capacitor, and the second power transmitting electrode. The second coupling capacitor is configured by arranging the other one of the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode so as to face the first power receiving electrode, and the AC power source includes the first coupling capacitor and the second power receiving electrode. Power transmission to the load is performed through two coupling capacitors.

According to the power supply system according to claim 1, the movable body according to claim 9, or the fixed body according to claim 10, since the power transmission electrode is not exposed to the power supply region, the power transmission electrode touches the human body. The risk of electric shock due to accidents can be eliminated, and psychological anxiety can be eliminated, so that it can be easily introduced to places where people are present, such as office spaces. In particular, the first capacitor and the first coil, which are connected in parallel between the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode, and generate parallel resonance at a predetermined multiplication frequency of the fundamental wave. Therefore, it is possible to selectively extract arbitrary harmonics from the higher harmonics generated by the AC power supply and use them as outputs, and high frequency AC power that exceeds the operating frequency limit of the power transistor. Can be used to supply power.

According to the power supply system of claim 2, the first capacitor includes the first conductive plate connected to the first power transmission electrode and the second conductive plate connected to the second power transmission electrode. Are spaced apart from each other, and the first coil is connected between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate, so that the first capacitor is a flat plate. And can be embedded along the surface of a desk or floor. In addition, by expanding the area of the flat first capacitor and setting the capacitance to a sufficiently large value, unnecessary harmonics output from the AC power supply can be short-circuited.

According to the power supply system of claim 3, a plurality of first power transmission electrodes and second power transmission electrodes are alternately arranged in parallel along the floor board, and the plurality of first power transmission electrodes are arranged. Since the plurality of second power transmission electrodes are connected to the common first conductive plate and the plurality of second power transmission electrodes are connected to the common second conductive plate, the first capacitor can be shared by the plurality of power transmission electrodes. The configuration of can be simplified.

According to the power supply system of claim 4, the floor plate, the first conductive plate, and the second conductive plate are sequentially polymerized at an interval from each other, and both surfaces of the first conductive plate are formed. A plurality of first power transmission electrodes are connected to a surface of the second conductive plate that is not opposed to the second conductive plate via a first conductive rod, and the first conductive plate of both surfaces of the second conductive plate Since the plurality of second power transmission electrodes are connected to the opposing surfaces via the second conductive rods inserted through the connection holes formed in the first conductive plate, the plurality of second power transmission electrodes are substantially parallel to the first capacitor. The power transmission electrode can be disposed, and the entire fixed body can be made into one unit. Thereby, it becomes possible to install a fixed body easily on a desk, a floor surface, etc.

According to the power supply system of the fifth aspect, since the fixed body is provided with the series resonance circuit that generates the series resonance at the fundamental or unnecessary harmonic frequency, the series resonance circuit is provided with the series resonance. By generating it, it is possible to short-circuit the AC power of the frequency, and to suppress spurious emission.

Further, according to the power supply system according to claim 6 or the movable body according to claim 9, since the movable body is provided with a parallel resonance circuit that generates parallel resonance at a predetermined multiplication frequency, the parallel resonance circuit Can be increased. As a result, a voltage drop in the coupling capacitor can be reduced, and a stable power supply to the load can be performed regardless of variations in the capacitance of the coupling capacitor.

In addition, according to the power supply system of the seventh aspect, the fixed body can be configured by arranging the functional modules on the supply panel, and the power supply and communication layout can be freely combined by combining the functional modules having various functions. It is possible to simplify the construction by increasing the degree and arranging modularized functional modules.

Further, according to the power supply system of the eighth aspect, it is possible to supply AC power to the movable body by converting DC power having high power supply efficiency into AC power as necessary.

1 is a perspective view of a living room to which a power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the fixed body and movable body of FIG. It is a perspective view which simplifies and shows the fixing body of FIG. It is the figure which illustrated the waveform of the square wave output from AC power supply. It is a figure which shows the spectrum of the square wave of 50% of the duty ratio illustrated in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the fixed body and movable body which concern on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a perspective view of the living room to which the power supply system which concerns on Embodiment 3 is applied. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows a fixed body. It is a perspective view which simplifies and shows a fixed body. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the example of a connection of a supply panel and a functional module. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. It is a figure which shows the specific circuit structure of a power supply module in case the power supply module which is a 2nd functional module which performs only supply of electric power is arranged in multiple numbers by the supply panel. It is the figure which added the communication function to the circuit of FIG. It is the figure which expressed the power supply module of FIG. 14 with the flat plate structure similarly to FIG. It is the figure which showed the power supply module of FIG. 15 with the supply panel. It is a figure which shows the modification of the power supply module of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which arranged two power supply modules of FIG. 14 side by side. It is a perspective view which shows notionally the arrangement configuration of a power transmission electrode, (a) is a figure which shows the structure arrange | positioned in checkered pattern, (b) is a figure which shows the structure arrange | positioned in stripe form. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the conventional electric power supply system.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a power supply system, a movable body, and a fixed body according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, [I] the basic concept common to each embodiment was explained, then [II] the specific contents of each embodiment were explained, and [III] finally, a modification to each embodiment was explained. To do. However, the present invention is not limited by these embodiments.

[I] Basic concept common to the embodiments First, the basic concept common to the embodiments will be described. The power supply system according to each embodiment is a power supply system for supplying power from a fixed body arranged in a power supply area to a movable body arranged in a power supply area. The specific configuration of the power supply area and the power supply area is arbitrary, and includes, for example, an internal space of a building such as a general house or an office building, an internal space of a vehicle such as a train or an airplane, or an outdoor space. Hereinafter, a surface that partitions the power supply region and the power supplied region from each other is referred to as a boundary surface. For example, when the power supply area is a living room of a building and the power supply area is a floor board part, the upper surface (floor board surface) of the floor board part is a boundary surface.

The fixed body includes one having a power source inside the fixed body and one that supplies power supplied from a power source outside the fixed body to the movable body. This fixed body is arranged in the power supply area, but is not limited to one that is permanently immovable and can be removed from the power supply area when not in use, Including those that can move to any position inside. In particular, the entire fixed body is not limited to a fixed one at all times. For example, by adjusting the positions of some components of the fixed body as necessary, the relative relationship between the component and the movable body is increased. Including those that can change the positional relationship.

The movable body includes a thing (stationary body) that is used by being fixedly arranged in the power supply area and a thing that moves as needed inside the power supply area (moving body). The function and specific configuration of the movable body are arbitrary except for special points. For example, the stationary body can include a device such as a computer or a mobile phone, and the mobile body can be a robot or an electric vehicle. Can be mentioned.

The power supply system configured in this way supplies power from the fixed body to the movable body in a non-contact manner. This non-contact power supply is generally performed using a capacitor disposed via a boundary surface. That is, a power transmission electrode provided on a fixed body and a power reception electrode provided on a movable body are arranged so as to face each other in a non-contact manner with a boundary surface interposed therebetween, whereby a capacitor (hereinafter referred to as a “coupling capacitor”). Configure. At least two such coupling capacitors are provided and arranged in the power transmission path, and electric field type power transmission is performed through the two coupling capacitors. According to this configuration, since it is not necessary to expose the power transmission electrode of the fixed body to the power supply region, it is possible to improve the safety and durability of the power supply system. In addition, by arranging a plurality of power transmission electrodes, even when the movable body moves, power can be continuously supplied to the movable body, and the degree of freedom of movement of the movable body can be ensured.

In particular, some of the features of the power supply system according to each embodiment include a capacitor and a coil that are connected in parallel to the power transmission electrode, and these capacitor and coil include a fundamental wave and a harmonic. Of the AC power output from the AC power supply, parallel resonance is generated at a predetermined frequency multiplied by the fundamental wave. With this configuration, it is possible to supply power using AC power having a high frequency that exceeds the operating frequency limit of the power transistor among AC power output from the AC power supply.

[II] Specific Contents of Each Embodiment Next, specific contents of each embodiment of the power supply system, the movable body, and the fixed body will be described.

[Embodiment 1]
First, the first embodiment will be described. This Embodiment 1 is a form provided with the 1st capacitor | condenser and 1st coil which generate | occur | produce a parallel resonance with the predetermined multiplication frequency of the fundamental wave contained in the alternating current output from alternating current power supply.

(Constitution)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a living room to which the power supply system according to Embodiment 1 is applied. In the present embodiment, a movable body (here, a robot) that moves inside a power supplied area (here, a living room) 2 from a fixed body 10 arranged in the power supply area (here, below the floor board 3) 1. An example of supplying power to 30 is shown, and the power supply system of this embodiment is configured by including the fixed body 10 and the movable body 30. Here, the floor board 3 laid above the power supply area 1 corresponds to a boundary surface between the power supply area 1 and the power supplied area 2, and coupling capacitors 40 and 41 described later via the floor board 3. (Not shown in FIG. 1) is configured.

(Configuration-stationary body)
Next, the configuration of the fixed body 10 will be described. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the fixed body 10 and the movable body 30 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the fixed body 10 in FIG. 1 in a simplified manner. The fixed body 10 includes an AC power supply 11, a first power transmission electrode 12, a second power transmission electrode 13, a first capacitor 14, a first coil 15, and a second coil 16. 3 shows only one set of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 for simplification, but actually, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of first power transmission electrodes 12 are shown. And the second power transmission electrode 13 are juxtaposed along the floor plate 3 in the power supplied region 2.

The first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 are each a flat conductor, and are arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the floor plate 3 at a position near the lower side of the floor plate 3. The first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 may be brought into contact with the floor board 3 or may be arranged at a minute distance from the floor board 3. In any case, the surfaces of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 on the power supply region 2 side (here, the upper surface) are completely covered by the floor plate 3, and the first The power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 are not exposed to the power supplied region 2. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 from each other, these are simply collectively referred to as “ power transmission electrodes 12 and 13”.

The AC power supply 11 is a supply source of AC power, and supplies power to the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 with an AC output including fundamental waves and harmonics. The output from the AC power supply 11 is supplied to the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission via a transformer 17 including a first coil 15 and a second coil 16 connected to the AC power supply 11. By supplying to the electrode 13, the output voltage of the AC power supply 11 can be transformed to a desired voltage and supplied. That is, the first coil 15 and the second coil 16 are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval, and power can be transmitted between the first coil 15 and the second coil 16 by mutual induction. It is arranged to become. Further, in order to boost the output voltage of the AC power supply 11 at a desired transformation ratio and supply the boosted voltage to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13, the turn ratio between the first coil 15 and the second coil 16 is set.

The first capacitor 14 includes a first conductive plate 18 connected to the first power transmission electrode 12 and a second conductive plate 19 connected to the second power transmission electrode 13. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the first conductive plate 18, the second conductive plate 19, the power transmission electrodes 12, 13 and the floor plate 3 are spaced apart from each other as shown in FIGS. The first capacitor 14 has a capacitance C ₁ between the first conductive plate 18 and the second conductive plate 19 (or the capacitance C ₁ and the power transmission electrode 13). It is configured as a combined capacitance) of the capacitance C ₂ between the first conductive plate 18.

The structures of the first conductive plate 18, the second conductive plate 19, and the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 will be described in more detail. First, the first conductive plate 18 includes a plurality of first conductive rods 20 on the surface of the first conductive plate 18 that is not opposed to the second conductive plate 19 via the first conductive rod 20. The power transmission electrode 12 is connected. Further, the second conductive plate 19 is inserted into a connection hole 18 a formed in the first conductive plate 18 on the surface of the second conductive plate 19 that faces the first conductive plate 18. A plurality of second power transmission electrodes 13 are connected via the second conductive rod 21. Here, the first conductive rod 20 is a conductor standing from the first conductive plate 18 to each first power transmission electrode 12, and corresponds to the first connecting means in the claims. To do. Similarly, the second conductive rod 21 is a conductor that is erected from the second conductive plate 19 to each second power transmission electrode 13 and corresponds to the second connection means in the claims. To do.

The first coil 15 is connected between the first conductive plate 18 and the second conductive plate 19. Here, the 1st capacitor | condenser 14 and the 1st coil 15 are mutually connected in parallel, and comprise the parallel resonance circuit. In this parallel resonant circuit, the capacitance of the first capacitor 14 and the first frequency are generated so that parallel resonance is generated at a predetermined frequency f _n of the fundamental wave, which is a harmonic frequency included in the AC output from the AC power supply 11. The inductance of one coil 15 is determined.

(Configuration-movable body)
Next, the configuration of the movable body 30 will be described. Since the movable body 30 can be configured in the same manner as the movable body 203 in FIG. 20, only the main part thereof will be described below. The movable body 30 includes a first power receiving electrode 31, a second power receiving electrode 32, and a load 33, as shown in a simplified manner in FIG.

Each of the first power receiving electrode 31 and the second power receiving electrode 32 receives power supplied from the fixed body 10, and is configured as a flat conductor. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first power receiving electrode 31 and the second power receiving electrode 32 from each other, they are simply referred to as “ power receiving electrodes 31 and 32”. The power receiving electrodes 31 and 32 are arranged substantially parallel to the floor plate 3 at a position where the power receiving electrodes 31 and 32 are in direct contact with the upper surface of the floor plate 3 or at a position spaced apart from each other.

In this state, either the first power receiving electrode 31 or the second power receiving electrode 32 (the first power receiving electrode 31 in FIG. 2) sandwiches the floor plate 3 and the first power transmitting electrode 12 or the second power transmitting electrode. The first coupling capacitor 40 is configured so as to face either one of the electrodes 13 (second power transmission electrode 13 in FIG. 2). Further, the other one of the first power receiving electrode 31 and the second power receiving electrode 32 (the second power receiving electrode 32 in FIG. 2) is the first power transmitting electrode 12 or the second power transmitting electrode with the floor plate 3 interposed therebetween. The second coupling capacitor 41 is configured so as to face one of the other 13 (the first power transmission electrode 12 in FIG. 2). Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first coupling capacitor 40 and the second coupling capacitor 41 from each other, they are simply collectively referred to as “ coupling capacitors 40 and 41”. Here, since the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are not exposed in the power supply region 2, the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrodes 31 and 32 are arranged in a non-contact state.

The load 33 is driven by AC power supplied via the coupling capacitors 40 and 41, and exhibits a predetermined function. For example, when the movable body 30 is configured as a robot as shown in FIG. 1, the load 33 corresponds to a battery, a power supply circuit, or the like built in the robot. In addition, the specific configuration of the load 33 is arbitrary, for example, a communication device that transmits / receives a communication signal to / from a device outside the movable body 30 wirelessly or by wire, and information that performs information processing on various information A processing device, a sensor that detects a predetermined detection target in the power supply region 2 and outputs a signal related to the detection result to the predetermined device, or a power source that transmits and receives power to a device outside the movable body 30 (for example, two Secondary battery). The load 33 is not necessarily provided inside the movable body 30, and the load 33 is provided outside the movable body 30 and power is supplied to the load 33 via the movable body 30. Good. 2 shows only one load 33, power may be supplied to a plurality of loads 33 connected in series or in parallel to each other.

(Configuration-floorboard)
The floor plate 3 interposed between the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 and the power receiving electrodes 31 and 32 is made of a dielectric material that can form the coupling capacitors 40 and 41. As such a dielectric material, for example, a fluororesin can be employed. In addition to the case where the dielectric material is used for the floor plate 3, the power receiving electrodes 31, 32 side of the power transmission electrodes 12, 13 or the surface of the first conductive plate 18 side or the power transmission electrodes 12, 13 side of the power receiving electrodes 31, 32 are used. It can also be coated on the surface. In addition, the material used for the floor plate 3 and the material used for the coating of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrodes 31 and 32 include a required amount between the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrodes 31 and 32. It is preferable to provide insulation performance for maintaining insulation.

(Operation of power supply system)
Next, the operation of the power supply system configured as described above will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a waveform of a square wave output from the AC power supply 11, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a spectrum of a square wave having a duty ratio of 50% illustrated in FIG.

AC power supply 11 outputs a square wave as shown in FIG. 4 by ON / OFF control using a switching element such as a power transistor. In addition to the fundamental wave whose frequency matches the pulse period ("f" in FIG. 5), each square harmonic wave has each harmonic of the multiplied frequency of the fundamental wave ("3f", "5f", etc. in FIG. 5). include. For example, when the duty ratio of the square wave is 50%, only odd-order harmonics are generated as shown in FIG. By selectively extracting an arbitrary harmonic from each of the higher harmonics and using it as an output, the AC power output from the AC power supply 11 has a high frequency AC that exceeds the operating frequency limit of the power transistor. Electric power can be supplied by electric power.

As described above, the capacitance of the first capacitor 14 and the inductance of the first coil 15 are the harmonic frequencies included in the AC output from the AC power supply 11 and are parallel at the predetermined multiplication frequency f _n of the fundamental wave. Resonance is determined to occur. For example, by setting the capacitance of the first capacitor 14 and the inductance of the first coil 15 so that parallel resonance occurs at the triple frequency of the fundamental wave (“3f” in FIG. 5), the output from the AC power supply 11 is performed. Among the AC power to be generated, parallel resonance is generated in the first capacitor 14 and the first coil 15 with respect to the third harmonic, and the power is transmitted to the power transmission electrode via the first capacitor 14 and the first coil 15. Third harmonic AC power can be supplied. That is, it is possible to supply power using AC power having a triple frequency of the fundamental wave.

Note that it is desirable to remove other harmonics other than the harmonics to be used because they may spuriously affect other communication devices. For this purpose, by setting the capacitance of the first capacitor 14 to a sufficiently large value, unnecessary harmonics can be short-circuited by the first capacitor 14. In this case, since unnecessary harmonics flow as a reactive current in the circuit of the fixed body 10, no power loss occurs.

Further, since currents in opposite directions flow through the first conductive rod 20 and the second conductive rod 21 adjacent to each other, each first conductive rod 20 and each second conductive rod 21. Is set to a value (for example, 5 cm) sufficiently smaller than an unnecessary harmonic wavelength (for example, the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 15 MHz is 20 m), so that the first conductive rod 20 and the second conductive rod 20 Electromagnetic waves radiated as spurious from the conductive rods 21 cancel each other in the far field. Further, since the displacement current between the ends of the adjacent first power transmission electrode 12 and the second conductive plate 19 flows in the opposite direction on the outer periphery of each power transmission electrode, the electromagnetic waves generated from this displacement current are also mutually in the far field. Cancel each other. Therefore, the electric field intensity radiated as spurious becomes extremely small.

(Effect of Embodiment 1)
As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are not exposed to the power supply region 2, the risk of electric shock due to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 touching the human body can be eliminated, and psychologically. This makes it easy to install in places where people are present, such as office spaces.

In particular, the first capacitor 14 is connected in parallel between the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 and generates parallel resonance at a predetermined multiplication frequency f _n of the fundamental wave. And the first coil 15, it is possible to selectively extract arbitrary harmonics from the respective harmonics generated by the AC power supply 11 and use them as outputs, thereby limiting the operating frequency limit of the power transistor. It is possible to perform power supply using AC power having a frequency that exceeds the maximum.

The first capacitor 14 has a first conductive plate 18 connected to the first power transmission electrode 12 and a second conductive plate 19 connected to the second power transmission electrode 13 spaced apart from each other. Since the first coil 15 is connected between the first conductive plate 18 and the second conductive plate 19, the first capacitor 14 is formed in a flat plate shape, and the floor plate 3. It is possible to embed along the line. Moreover, the unnecessary harmonics output from the AC power supply 11 can be short-circuited by enlarging the area of the flat first capacitor 14 and setting the capacitance to a sufficiently large value.

In addition, a plurality of first power transmission electrodes 12 and a plurality of second power transmission electrodes 13 are alternately arranged in parallel along the floor plate 3, and the plurality of first power transmission electrodes 12 are arranged on a common first conductive plate 18. Since the plurality of second power transmission electrodes 13 are connected to the common second conductive plate 19, the first capacitor 14 can be shared by the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12, 13. Can be simplified.

In addition, the floor plate 3, the first conductive plate 18, and the second conductive plate 19 are sequentially polymerized at an interval from each other, and the second conductive plate 19 of both surfaces of the first conductive plate 18 A plurality of first power transmission electrodes 12 are connected to the non-opposing surface via the first conductive rod 20, and the surface of the second conductive plate 19 facing the first conductive plate 18 is connected to the surface of the second conductive plate 19. Since the plurality of second power transmission electrodes 13 are connected through the second conductive rods 21 inserted through the connection holes 18 a formed in the first conductive plate 18, a plurality of second power transmission electrodes 13 are arranged substantially in parallel with the first capacitor 14. The power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 can be arranged, and the entire fixed body 10 can be made into one unit. Thereby, the fixed body 10 can be easily installed on the floor board 3 or the like.

[Embodiment 2]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, a fixed body is provided with a series resonance circuit connected in parallel with the first capacitor and the first coil. The configuration of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the configuration of the first embodiment unless otherwise specified, and the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is the same as that used in the first embodiment. The reference numerals and / or names are attached as necessary, and the description thereof is omitted (the same applies to the third and later embodiments described later).

(Configuration-stationary body)
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the fixed body 50 and the movable body 60 according to the second embodiment. The fixed body 50 includes a third capacitor 51 and a third coil 52 in addition to the configuration of the fixed body 10 in the first embodiment.

The third capacitor 51 and the third coil 52 constitute a series resonance circuit. The first capacitor 14 and the first coil 52 are connected between the first conductive plate 18 and the second conductive plate 19. coil 15 are mutually connected in parallel and, by the fundamental wave of a frequency f at the AC output from the AC power supply 11, or unwanted in harmonic having a frequency f _n multiplied with respect to the fundamental wave frequency f A series resonance is generated by the harmonic frequency f _u . That is, to generate a series resonance at these frequencies f or frequency f _u, and the inductance of the third capacitor and a third coil 52 of the capacitor 51 is determined.

(Configuration-movable body)
Next, the configuration of the movable body 60 will be described. The movable body 60 includes a second capacitor 61, a fourth coil 62, and a fifth coil 63 in addition to the configuration of the movable body 30 in the first embodiment.

The second capacitor 61 and the fourth coil 62 are connected in parallel between the first power receiving electrode 31 and the second power receiving electrode 32 to form a parallel resonance circuit. This parallel resonant circuit has the capacitance of the second capacitor 61 and the second resonant frequency such that the parallel resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit formed by the first capacitor 14 and the first coil 15 of the fixed body 50 is equal to each other. The inductance of the four coils 62 is determined. Thus, the second capacitor 61 and the fourth coil 62, a frequency of the harmonics of the AC output from the AC power supply 11 to generate a parallel resonance at a predetermined multiplication frequency f _n of the fundamental wave.

In addition, the fourth coil 62 and the fifth coil 63 are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval, and constitute a transformer 64. The fourth coil 62 and the fifth coil 63 transmit power by mutual inductive action, and by appropriately setting the mutual turns ratio, the input voltage to the power receiving electrodes 31 and 32 can be set at a desired transformation ratio. The voltage can be transformed and supplied to the load 33.

(Operation of power supply system)
Next, the operation of the power supply system configured as described above will be described. Of the AC power output from the AC power source 11, for the above components of the frequency f _u, the series resonant circuit by generating a series resonance in series resonant circuit and the third capacitor 51 by the third coil 52 The first conductive plate 18 and the second conductive plate 19 are short-circuited through and then returned to the AC power supply 11. Therefore, AC power of a frequency f _u is not supplied to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13, it is possible to suppress the radiation of spurious. In this case, the frequency f _u to generate a series resonance in series resonant circuit, by a large fundamental frequency of the most power, it is possible to effectively reduce the spurious. Since the shorted frequency _fu component flows as a reactive current in the circuit of the fixed body 50, no power loss occurs.

As for the components of the specific multiplication frequency f _n of the fundamental wave of the AC power output from the AC power source 11, to generate a parallel resonance in the first capacitor 14 and the first coil 15, the first AC power of a frequency _{f n} is supplied to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 via the capacitor 14 and the first coil 15.

The electric power supplied to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 is supplied to the movable body 60 via the coupling capacitors 40 and 41. The AC power having the frequency f _n supplied to the movable body 60 causes parallel resonance in the parallel resonance circuit including the second capacitor 61 and the fourth coil 62 of the movable body 60, and the parallel resonance circuit and the fifth coil. It is supplied to the load 33 via 63.

By the way, it is known that the impedance of the parallel resonance circuit becomes extremely large at the parallel resonance frequency. Therefore, when parallel resonance is generated in the parallel resonance circuit including the second capacitor 61 and the fourth coil 62 of the movable body 60, the impedance of the parallel resonance circuit is extremely compared with the impedance of the coupling capacitors 40 and 41. It can be a large value. Therefore, to reduce the voltage drop across the coupling capacitor 40 and 41, the output voltage _{V out} from the AC power supply 11 and the input voltage _{V in} to the load, can be made substantially equal. As a result, even if the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 40 and 41 changes due to the change in the relative position between the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrodes 31 and 32, the influence on the power supply from the AC power supply 11 to the load 33 Can be reduced.

In the power supply system according to the second embodiment, when the movable body 60 is not disposed above the fixed body 50, the parallel resonance condition is not satisfied, and power is not supplied. Is always in the operation mode, and even when a person touches the floor plate 3, a situation in which an electric current flows through the human body can be prevented, and safety can be maintained.

(Effect of Embodiment 2)
As described above, according to the second embodiment, the fixed body 50 is provided with the series resonance circuit that generates the series resonance at the fundamental frequency or the unnecessary harmonic frequency _{fu, so} that the series resonance is generated in the series resonance circuit. is to be able to short-circuit the AC power of a frequency f _u by, it is possible to suppress the radiation of spurious.

Further, the movable member 60, so with a parallel resonant circuit for generating a parallel resonance at a predetermined multiplication frequency f _n, it is possible to increase the impedance of the parallel resonant circuit. Thereby, the voltage drop in the coupling capacitors 40 and 41 can be reduced, and stable power supply to the load 33 can be performed regardless of the variation in the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 40 and 41.

[Embodiment 3]
Next, Embodiment 3 will be described. This form is a form regarding the electric power supply system (electric power supply communication system) which enabled communication in addition to electric power feeding because a fixed body is provided with a supply panel and a functional module.

(Configuration-stationary body)
7 is a perspective view of a living room to which the power supply system according to the third embodiment is applied, and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main part of FIG. 7 (functional modules are shown as non-cross sections. The same applies to the respective longitudinal sectional views). is there. As shown in these drawings, the fixed body 70 includes a plurality of supply panels 80 arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the floor plate 3 in the power supplied region 2 and a plurality of functional modules arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the supply panel 80. 90 is arranged side by side. That is, by arranging a plurality of supply panels 80 in parallel, a flat floor surface that is continuous on the upper surface is formed, and the functional module 90 can be arranged on this floor surface. The supply panel 80 and the functional module 90 can be configured basically in the same manner as those disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-126983 (but not disclosed at the time of filing this application) by the present inventor. Only the main part of the configuration will be described below.

(Configuration-Fixed body-Supply panel)
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing the fixed body 70 in a simplified manner, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the fixed body 70 in a simplified manner. Each supply panel 80 is laid on the upper surface of the floor plate 3, and is connected to other adjacent supply panels 80. The supply panel 80 is formed in a planar rectangular shape, and includes a plurality (here, two) of conductive plates 81 and 82 and an insulating layer 83 provided between the plurality of conductive plates 81 and 82. They are arranged so as to overlap each other. The conductive plates 81 and 82 and the insulating layer 83 are fixed to each other by an arbitrary fixing method such as bonding, and a single supply panel 80 is configured as a whole. Each of the conductive plates 81 and 82 is a plate-like body formed from a conductor such as metal. The insulating layer 83 insulates the conductive plates 81 and 82 from each other, thereby preventing a short circuit between them and functioning as a waveguide for propagating communication signals. The insulating layer 83 is formed in substantially the same planar shape as the conductive plates 81 and 82, and is provided in almost the entire area between the conductive plates 81 and 82. For example, a resin such as polyethylene or vinyl chloride, mica It is formed of inorganic materials such as glass fiber or porcelain.

Here, a DC power source 84 is connected to the supply panel 80 as shown in FIGS. Specifically, the plurality of conductive plates 81 and 82 are connected to the DC power supply 84 so that at least one of the plurality of conductive plates 81 and 82 of the supply panel 80 serves as a ground electrode. Yes. For example, by using the conductive plate 81 closest to the power supply region 1 as a ground electrode, even when a human contacts the conductive plate 81 directly or indirectly through another conductor, Therefore, it is possible to ensure human safety.

The connection structure of the functional module 90 to the supply panel 80 configured in this way is arbitrary, but for example, the structure shown in FIGS. FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a connection example of the supply panel 80 and the functional module 90, and FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. For example, the functional module 90 includes a connection terminal 91. The connection terminal 91 is configured by concentrically combining a cylindrical external electrode 92, a rod-shaped internal electrode 93, and a cylindrical insulating layer 94 that insulates the external electrode 92 and the internal electrode 93 from each other. ing. The internal electrode 93 is an electrode on the anode side, passes through the conductive plate 81 on the ground electrode side and the insulating layer 83 and is connected to the conductive plate 82 on the anode side. The external electrode 92 is an electrode on the ground electrode side, is formed shorter than the internal electrode 93, penetrates the conductive plate 81 together with the internal electrode 93, and is connected to the conductive plate 81. Then, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, power is supplied to the functional module 90 via lines 95 drawn from the external electrode 92 and the internal electrode 93, respectively.

In addition to the power, a communication signal is supplied via the supply panel 80 as necessary. This communication mode includes 1) communication by electric field change using the insulating layer 83 (hereinafter referred to as “electric field communication”), 2) communication by magnetic field change using the insulating layer 83 (hereinafter referred to as “magnetic field communication”), and 3) conductivity. Broadly divided into three forms of PLC communication using plates 81 and 82 (hereinafter referred to as “PLC communication”). For example, in the case of electric field communication, a plurality of electric field probes (not shown) configured in the same manner as the connection terminals 91 are inserted into the supply panel 80, and analog communication output from an arbitrary signal supply source through one of the electric field probes. A signal is supplied to the insulating layer 83 as a change in electric field, and a communication signal is acquired as a change in voltage via another electric field probe and input to a predetermined communication device (for example, a personal computer). Alternatively, in the case of magnetic field communication, the distal end portions of a plurality of magnetic field probes (not shown) configured as annular so-called loop antennas are inserted into the insulating layer 83, and an arbitrary signal supply source is passed through one of the magnetic field probes. The analog communication signal output from is supplied to the insulating layer 83 as a magnetic field change, and the communication signal is acquired as a voltage change via another magnetic field probe and input to a predetermined communication device. Alternatively, in the case of PLC communication, an analog communication signal superimposed on a direct current is supplied to the conductive plates 81 and 82 via the connection terminal 91, and a signal separation filter is used from the direct current obtained via the other connection terminal 91. The signal component is separated and input to a predetermined communication device.

(Configuration-Fixed body-Function module)
Returning to FIG. 8, the functional module 90 is roughly divided into two types based on the function. The first is a first functional module having only the function of configuring the floor, and the second is a function of inputting or outputting power or a communication signal connected to the supply panel 80 in addition to the function of configuring the floor. It is the 2nd functional module which has. Further, the second functional module includes a power module that transmits and receives power, a communication module that transmits and receives communication signals, a sensor module that detects a detection target and outputs a signal related to the detection result, and receives a control signal input Actuator module that performs an operation according to the control signal to the inside or the outside of the second functional module, receives a communication signal and performs information processing based on the communication signal, or a communication signal related to the result of the information processing Are classified into information processing modules. Furthermore, the power module is divided into a power supply module that only supplies power and a power distribution module that only acquires power and supplies power to a load. The communication module is divided into a wired communication module that inputs and outputs a communication signal by wire and a wireless communication module that inputs and outputs a communication signal by wireless. However, when it is not necessary to distinguish between them, the various modules are “functional modules”, the power supply modules and the power distribution modules are “power modules”, and the wired communication modules and the wireless communication modules are “communication modules”. And the same reference numeral 90 is assigned to each module as necessary, or the reference numerals are omitted. By arranging such modules individually or arbitrarily in combination on the upper surface of the supply panel 80, the various functions of each module and the power transmission / reception function and communication signal transmission / reception function of the supply panel 80 are mutually linked. Can be made.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, in the power supplied region 2, in a region where no power or communication is required, only the first functional modules are arranged in parallel to constitute a substantially flat floor surface. On the other hand, in a region where power or communication is necessary, a plurality of second functional modules are arranged in parallel on the top surfaces of the plurality of supply panels 80. In particular, the various second functional modules described above are arranged in any combination, and a plurality of various functions such as a power supply function and a communication function can be achieved. For example, various movable bodies 30 (a robot in FIG. 8 and an appearance different from that in FIG. 7) are arranged on the upper surface of the second functional module, and power supply and communication can be performed for this apparatus.

The first functional module is configured in the same manner as, for example, a known OA floor, has a floor surface configuration plate and a plurality of support legs, and is configured in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole. The second functional module is basically configured by including a floor surface configuration plate and support legs in the same manner as the first functional module, but a configuration necessary for performing various functions is further added. Examples of the necessary configuration include the connection terminal 91 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 and the above-described electric field probe and magnetic field probe. Furthermore, a function for converting direct current to alternating current and a parallel resonance function can be added to the second functional module. Hereinafter, an example in which these functions are added will be described (however, the description and illustration of the connection terminal 91, the electric field probe, and the magnetic field probe are omitted).

FIG. 13 shows a specific circuit configuration of the power supply module 90 when a plurality (two in this case) of power supply modules 90 that are second functional modules that only supply power are arranged on the supply panel 80. FIG. The power supply module 90 includes a first power transmission electrode 12, a second power transmission electrode 13, a first capacitor 14, a first coil 15, and a second coil 16, as in the circuit of FIG. . The circuit configuration from the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 to the second coil 16 is substantially the same as the circuit of FIG. 2 (in FIG. The conductive plate 12 and the second conductive plate 13 are shown as lines). Although illustration of the movable body 30 is omitted here, either the first power receiving electrode 31 or the second power receiving electrode 32 is disposed opposite to the first power transmitting electrode 12 with the floor plate 3 interposed therebetween. The coupling capacitor 40 is configured, and the other one of the first power receiving electrode 31 and the second power receiving electrode 32 is disposed opposite to the second power transmitting electrode 13 with the floor plate 3 interposed therebetween to form the second coupling capacitor 41. As a result, electric power is supplied to the movable body 30.

Here, an AC converter 96, a fourth capacitor 97, and a breaker 98 are provided between the second coil 16 and the supply panel 80. Of the conductive plates 81 and 82 of the supply panel 80, the anode-side conductive plate 82 is connected to the AC converter 96 through the breaker 98, and the ground electrode-side conductive plate 81 is directly connected to the AC converter 96. . The AC conversion unit 96 converts the DC power supplied from the supply panel 80 into AC power, and corresponds to the AC power supply 11 of FIG. Specifically, the AC conversion unit 96 includes a switching unit 96c that performs switching using a power transistor 96a and a diode 96b, and a controller 96d that controls the switching unit 96c, and a control signal from the controller 96d. The desired high frequency AC power supply 11 is generated by controlling the switching frequency of the switching unit 96c. The fourth capacitor 97 causes parallel resonance with the second coil 16, thereby further improving power transmission efficiency. The breaker 98 cuts off the current when an overcurrent occurs. For example, the breaker 98 cuts off the current when a short circuit occurs in a specific AC converter 96, thereby preventing the influence from spreading to the entire system. it can. From the same safety viewpoint, it is preferable to use a normally-off power transistor 96a to prevent a short circuit during non-operation.

FIG. 14 is a diagram in which a communication function is added to the circuit of FIG. Although only one power supply module 90 is shown in FIG. 14, a plurality of power supply modules 90 can be arranged in parallel as in FIG. The communication unit 100 is directly connected to the second conductive plate 19 and is coupled to the first conductive plate 18 via the capacitor 101. The communication unit 102 is connected to a line from the conductive plate 82 on the anode side of the supply panel 80 to the AC conversion unit 96 and a line from the conductive plate 81 on the ground electrode side to the AC conversion unit 96. Further, the rear stage of the breaker 98 and the communication unit 100 are connected via a line 103, and the communication unit 100 receives electric power via this line 103. In such a configuration, when the movable body 30 (not shown) is disposed above the power supply module 90, a communication signal transmitted from the communication unit provided in the movable body 30 superimposed on the power supply path is transmitted via the capacitor 101. Then, the communication unit 100 communicates with the communication unit 102 via the line 103, and the communication unit 102 controls the controller 96d based on the contents of the communication. For example, the power supply request signal is output from the movable body 30, and the communication unit 102 controls the controller 96d based on the power supply request signal to generate AC power, thereby stopping the power supply when there is no power supply request signal. To ensure safety. Further, the power supply request signal includes a frequency desired by the movable body 30, so that the communication unit 102 controls the controller 96 d so that AC power can be supplied at this frequency.

FIG. 15 represents the power supply module 90 of FIG. 14 with a flat plate structure as in FIG. The power supply module 90 is configured by further arranging a third conductive plate 104 in parallel with the fixed body 70 of FIG. A region between the first conductive plate 18 and the second conductive plate 19 is a first resonance region, and the first capacitor 14 is constituted by the first conductive plate 18 and the second conductive plate 19, and the first Parallel resonance is performed by connecting the first coil 15 to the capacitor 14 in parallel. In addition, a space between the second conductive plate 19 and the third conductive plate 104 is a second resonance region. The second conductive plate 19 and the third conductive plate 104 constitute a fifth capacitor 105, and this Parallel resonance is performed by connecting the second coil 16 to the fifth capacitor 105 in parallel. Further, the first coil 15 and the second coil 16 are magnetically coupled to form a transformer 17. It is preferable to provide an opening or a slit in the second conductive plate 19 where the magnetic fields intersect to reduce eddy current loss. The first conductive plate 18, the second conductive plate 19, or the third conductive plate 104 is filled with an insulating material, and has load resistance, heat resistance, etc. depending on the installation location. It is Further, from the viewpoint of workability and resource saving, it is preferable that the insulating material is reduced in weight by the foamable material and that the used material is saved. Furthermore, from an electrical point of view, the insulating material preferably satisfies non-flammability, low dielectric constant, insulating properties, and water tightness.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the power supply module 90 of FIG. 15 together with the supply panel 80. At the time of construction, for example, first, the supply panel 80 is laid, and the power supply module 90 is laid on the upper surface and fixed with an adhesive or a bolt (not shown). In addition, between the supply panel 80 and the power supply module 90, a waterproof material may be sandwiched or a waterproof adhesive may be applied in order to improve waterproofness, or an insulating sheet may be used to improve insulation. May be inserted. The supply panel 80 and the power supply module 90 are connected by connection terminals 91 as shown in FIGS. FIG. 16 shows an example in which an access point 106 for communication is provided between adjacent power supply modules 90, and this access point 106 is connected via the electric field probe, magnetic field probe, or connection terminal 91 described above. Thus, input / output of communication signals to / from the supply panel 80 is performed. Further, FIG. 16 shows an example in which the second conductive plates 19 of the adjacent power supply modules 90 are connected to each other by the coupling capacitor 107. The junction region provided with the access point 106 and the coupling capacitor 107 is filled with an insulating cap, caulking material, foaming material, or the like, and a surface layer that forms the floor board 3 is also formed on the upper surface of the junction region after the filling. Be placed.

FIG. 17 is a view showing a modification of the power supply module 90 of FIG. The AC conversion unit 96 in the power supply module 90 is configured such that a plurality of switching units 96c can be controlled by a single controller 96d. In such a configuration, a power supply request signal including information specifying the power consumption of the movable body 30 is transmitted from a communication unit provided in the movable body 30 (not shown), and the controller 96d transmits based on the power supply request signal. The power is determined, and the switching unit 96c is controlled so that the determined transmission power is transmitted. For example, when the transmission power is low, only one switching unit 96c is operated, and when the transmission power is high, all the switching units 96c are operated at the same phase and the same frequency. Alternatively, instead of the power supply request signal, the current flowing through the movable body 30 may be monitored by the Hall element 108, and the switching unit 96c may be controlled by the controller 96d based on the monitored current value. Further, when a plurality of switching units 96c are provided in this way, even when any one of the switching units 96c fails, it is possible to operate another switching unit 96c as a spare.

FIG. 18 shows a state where two power supply modules 90 of FIG. 14 are arranged side by side. The power supply module 90 basically activates only the communication units 100 and 102 and rests the other parts. When the movable body 30 is arranged on a specific power supply module 90, as described above, A power supply request signal can be transmitted from the movable body 30 to the power supply module 90 to activate other parts of the power supply module 90. Further, when one movable body 30 is arranged so as to straddle a plurality of power supply modules 90 simultaneously, power is supplied as shown in FIG. That is, in this example, the second power receiving electrode 32 of the movable body 30 is opposed to the first power transmission electrode 12 of the power supply module 90, and the movable body 30 of the second power transmission electrode 13 of the other power supply module is opposed. The first power receiving electrode 31 is arranged so as to be opposed. In this case, when communication is performed between a communication unit (not shown) of the movable body 30 and the communication unit 100 of the power supply module 90 at a high frequency of several GHz to several tens GHz, a signal flows through a path indicated by a broken line. In this case, the communication unit 100 of the power supply module 90 (the right power supply module 90 in the example of FIG. 18) on the side where the first power transmission electrode 12 is opposed to the movable body 30 communicates with the communication unit 102. Therefore, the power supply module 90 can be activated to perform power transmission. However, it is necessary to insert the coupling capacitor 110 in the boundary region between the plurality of power supply modules 90 so as to connect the second conductive plates 19, and (1 / 2πf ₁ Cm) << ( It is necessary to adjust the frequency of each power supply module 90 and the capacitance of the coupling capacitor 110 so as to satisfy the relationship of 1 / 2πf ₂ Cm (that is, satisfy the relationship of f ₂ << f ₁ ). Here, f ₁ is a communication frequency (GHz band or its vicinity), f ₂ is an oscillation frequency (MHz band or its vicinity) of the power supply module 90, and Cm is a capacitance of the coupling capacitor 110 under these conditions. That is, the communication signal passes through the coupling capacitor 110 but the power from the power supply module 90 does not pass. The same applies to the case where one movable body 30 is disposed so as to straddle three or more power supply modules 90 simultaneously, and the power module on the side where the first power transmission electrode 12 is opposed to the movable body 30. Only 90 can be activated to supply power.

(Effect of Embodiment 3)
As described above, according to the third embodiment, the fixed body 70 can be configured by disposing the functional module 90 on the supply panel 80, and by combining the functional modules 90 having various functions, power supply and communication layout can be freely performed. It is possible to simplify the construction by increasing the degree and arranging the functional modules 90 that are modularized.

Moreover, it becomes possible to supply AC power to the movable body 30 by converting DC power having high power supply efficiency into AC power as necessary.

[III] Modifications to Each Embodiment While each embodiment according to the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration and means of the present invention are the same as the technical idea of each invention described in the claims. Modifications and improvements can be arbitrarily made within the range. Hereinafter, such a modification will be described.

(About problems to be solved and effects of the invention)
First, the problems to be solved by the invention and the effects of the invention are not limited to the above contents, and may vary depending on the implementation environment of the invention and the details of the configuration, and only a part of the problems described above. May be solved, or only some of the effects described above may be achieved. Furthermore, according to the present invention, problems not described above may be solved or effects not described above may be achieved.

(About the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode)
In each of the above-described embodiments, it has been described that the plurality of first power transmission electrodes 12 are connected to the first conductive plate via the first conductive rod. One power transmission electrode 12 may be formed integrally with each other. Similarly, the second conductive plate and the plurality of second power transmission electrodes 13 may be integrally formed with each other. Although a specific manufacturing method is arbitrary, for example, a photolithography technique or an etching technique can be used.

Further, the arrangement configuration of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 can be arbitrarily changed, and the arrangement configuration and the switching mechanism of the power reception electrodes 31 and 32 can be changed in accordance with the arrangement configuration. For example, FIG. 19A conceptually shows an arrangement configuration of only the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 as a perspective view (in FIGS. 19A and 19B, for convenience of illustration). The power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are arranged in close contact with each other, but are actually insulated from each other). In this example, the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are alternately arranged in both the X direction and the Y direction shown in the figure, and the arrangement configuration is a so-called checkered pattern. On the other hand, FIG. 19B conceptually shows an arrangement configuration of only the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 according to the modification as a perspective view. In this example, the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are each configured continuously along the X direction shown in the drawing, and are alternately disposed only in the Y direction, and the overall configuration is a so-called striped configuration. . For example, such a striped arrangement can be obtained by forming the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 in a strip shape and supporting them with one conductive rod 20 and 21. In the case of this stripe arrangement, the number of conductive rods 20 and 21 can be reduced as compared with the checkerboard arrangement. Further, even if the movable body 30 is moved along the X direction, the polarity of the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 with respect to the power receiving electrodes 31 and 32 does not change. Therefore, a switching mechanism such as the conventional connecting portion 214 shown in FIG. (Switching mechanism) becomes unnecessary, and the configuration of the movable body 30 can be simplified.

(About series resonant circuit)
In the second embodiment described above, a set of series resonance circuits that generate series resonance at the frequency f _u of the fundamental wave or unnecessary harmonics in the AC output from the AC power supply 11 is provided on the fixed body. A plurality of sets of series resonance circuits that generate series resonance at each frequency of unnecessary harmonics may be connected in parallel to the first capacitor 14 and the first coil 15. Thereby, it becomes possible to further reduce spurious regarding unnecessary frequency components in the AC power output from the AC power supply 11.

The present invention supplies power to various types of loads. In particular, while ensuring the safety of the user, the power is supplied at a frequency exceeding the operating frequency limit of the power transistor used in the AC power supply. Useful to do.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,200 Electric power supply area | region 2,202 Electric power supply area | region 3, 211 Floor board 10,50,70,201 Fixed body 11,215 AC power supply 12,205 1st power transmission electrode 13,206 2nd power transmission electrode 14 1st Capacitor 15 first coil 16 second coil 17, 64 transformer 18 first conductive plate 18a connection hole 19 second conductive plate 20 first conductive rod 21 second conductive rod 30, 60, 203 Movable body 31, 207 First power receiving electrode 32, 208 Second power receiving electrode 33, 204 Load 40, 41, 107, 110, 209 Coupling capacitor 51 Third capacitor 52 Third coil 61 Second capacitor 62 Second 4 coil 63 5th coil 80 Supply panel 81, 82 Conductive plate 83, 94 Insulating layer 84 DC power supply 90 Functional module ( Power module)
91 connection terminal 92 external electrode 93 internal electrode 95, 103 line 96 AC conversion unit 96a power transistor 96b diode 96c switching unit 96d controller 97 fourth capacitor 98 breaker 100, 102, 212, 213 communication unit 101 capacitor 105 fifth capacitor 106 Access point 108 Hall element 210 Coil 214 Connection part

Claims (10)

1. A power supply system for supplying power to a predetermined load from a fixed body arranged in a power supply area via a movable body arranged in a power supply area,
   The fixed body is
   A first power transmission electrode and a second power transmission electrode that are arranged in the vicinity of the boundary surface between the power supply region and the power supplied region, and to which AC power is supplied;
   An AC power supply that supplies power to the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode with an AC output including a fundamental wave and a harmonic of a frequency multiplied by the fundamental wave;
   A first capacitor and a first coil that are connected in parallel to each other between the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode, and generate parallel resonance at the multiplied frequency. ,
   The movable body is
   A first power receiving electrode and a second power receiving electrode, which are arranged in a non-contact manner and in a non-contact manner across the boundary surface with respect to the first power transmitting electrode or the second power transmitting electrode,
   A first coupling capacitor is configured by arranging either one of the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode so as to face the first power transmitting electrode, and the second power transmitting electrode A second coupling capacitor is configured by arranging the other one of the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode so as to face
   The AC power supply is
   Performing power transmission to the load via the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor;
   Power supply system characterized by
2. The first capacitor is
   The first conductive plate connected to the first power transmission electrode and the second conductive plate connected to the second power transmission electrode are configured to be spaced apart from each other,
   The first coil is
   Being connected between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate;
   The power supply system according to claim 1.
3. A plurality of the first power transmission electrodes and the second power transmission electrodes are alternately arranged in parallel along the boundary surface,
   Connecting the plurality of first power transmission electrodes to the common first conductive plate;
   Connecting the plurality of second power transmission electrodes to the common second conductive plate;
   The power supply system according to claim 2.
4. The boundary surface, the first conductive plate, and the second conductive plate are sequentially polymerized at intervals from each other,
   The plurality of first power transmission electrodes are connected to the surface of the first conductive plate that is not opposed to the second conductive plate, through the first connecting means,
   Of the two surfaces of the second conductive plate, on the surface facing the first conductive plate, the plurality of second power transmission electrodes are inserted through connection holes formed in the first conductive plate. Connected via a connection means,
   The power supply system according to claim 3.
5. The fixed body is
   The first capacitor and the first coil are connected to each other in parallel, and are unnecessary depending on the frequency of the fundamental wave or in a harmonic having a frequency multiplied by the frequency of the fundamental wave. A series resonance circuit that generates a series resonance with a frequency of a harmonic that is,
   The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
6. The movable body is
   A second capacitor and a second coil, which are connected in parallel with each other between the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode, and generate parallel resonance at the multiplied frequency;
   The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
7. The fixed body is
   A supply panel for supplying electric power or a communication signal, wherein a plurality of conductive plates and an insulating layer provided between the plurality of conductive plates are arranged so as to overlap each other and integrated;
   A plurality of the above-mentioned supply panels are arranged side by side, and are connected to the supply panel in addition to the first function module having the function of configuring the floor surface or the function of configuring the floor surface. A second functional module having a function of inputting or outputting a communication signal;
   The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:
8. A DC power supply is connected to the supply panel so as to supply DC power via the plurality of conductive plates,
   The AC power source that converts DC power supplied to the second functional module through the plurality of conductive plates into AC power, the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode, and the first The capacitor and the first coil are disposed,
   The power supply system according to claim 7.
9. A movable body that is disposed in the power supply area and that supplies power supplied from a fixed body disposed in the power supply area to a predetermined load,
   With respect to the first power transmission electrode or the second power transmission electrode arranged on the stationary body and supplied with AC power, the mutual boundary surface between the power supply region and the power supplied region is sandwiched. A first power receiving electrode and a second power receiving electrode which are arranged in a face-to-face contactless manner,
   The first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode are connected in parallel to each other, and include a second capacitor and a second coil that generate parallel resonance at the multiplied frequency,
   A first coupling capacitor is configured by arranging either one of the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode so as to face the first power transmitting electrode, and the second power transmitting electrode A second coupling capacitor is configured by disposing one of the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode so as to face
   A movable body characterized by
10. A fixed body that is arranged in the power supply area and supplies power to a predetermined load via a movable body arranged in the power supply area,
    With respect to at least one set of power receiving electrodes arranged on the movable body, the power receiving area and the power supplied area are arranged in an opposing and non-contact manner across the boundary surface between the power supplying area and the power supplied area. A first power transmission electrode and a second power transmission electrode constituting a capacitor with the electrode;
    An AC power supply that supplies power to the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode with an AC output including a fundamental wave and a harmonic of a frequency multiplied by the fundamental wave;
    The first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode are connected in parallel to each other, and include a first capacitor and a first coil that generate parallel resonance at the multiplied frequency,
    A first coupling capacitor is configured by arranging either one of the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode so as to face the first power transmitting electrode, and the second power transmitting electrode A second coupling capacitor is configured by arranging the other one of the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode so as to face
    The AC power supply is
    Performing power transmission to the load via the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor;
    A fixed body characterized by

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