WO2010099941A1 - Dispositif à cycle vapeur - Google Patents

Dispositif à cycle vapeur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010099941A1
WO2010099941A1 PCT/EP2010/001307 EP2010001307W WO2010099941A1 WO 2010099941 A1 WO2010099941 A1 WO 2010099941A1 EP 2010001307 W EP2010001307 W EP 2010001307W WO 2010099941 A1 WO2010099941 A1 WO 2010099941A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steam
working
steam cycle
piston
cycle device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/001307
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nickl JÖRG
Original Assignee
Voith Patent Gmbh
Technische Universität Dresden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent Gmbh, Technische Universität Dresden filed Critical Voith Patent Gmbh
Publication of WO2010099941A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010099941A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B25/00—Regulating, controlling, or safety means
    • F01B25/02—Regulating or controlling by varying working-fluid admission or exhaust, e.g. by varying pressure or quantity
    • F01B25/08—Final actuators
    • F01B25/10—Arrangements or adaptations of working-fluid admission or discharge valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B31/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01B31/26—Other component parts, details, or accessories, peculiar to steam engines
    • F01B31/28—Cylinders or cylinder covers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Dampf Vietnamese remedies with the features specified in more detail in the characterizing part of claim 1. Moreover, the invention relates to a drive device, which in each case has such a steam cycle device.
  • Steam engines having a steam powered piston are known in the art. Such steam engines are typically designed as relatively large and heavy units, which are primarily suitable for stationary use or use in rail vehicles or the like.
  • Combustion engine may have separate crankshaft, which may have a mechanical or fixed connection to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine via a fixed or variable transmission.
  • the steam cycle process device uses a closed steam cycle with an evaporator and an expander to relax the vaporized working fluid, as well as a condenser for re-liquefying the expanded vaporous working fluid from the expander.
  • the expander is constructed as a particularly lightweight and compact steam engine. This is achieved in that the inlet valve via an actuating element against a spring force is apparent and that this actuating element actuated at least indirectly by the working piston itself when it is in the region of top dead center, a steam engine with a very simple structure is created, which can be controlled by the movement of the working piston. The structure and in particular the control can therefore be carried out very simply, efficiently and small. This ultimately creates a simple and cost-effective design of the steam cycle device, which uses the exhaust heat of an internal combustion engine in a vehicle.
  • the internal combustion engine and the steam engine act at least indirectly on an output shaft.
  • the internal combustion engine and the steam engine can act in a conventional manner to a common crankshaft or via separate
  • Crankshafts which are connected via a gear unit or the like, act together on an output.
  • This has the advantage of being powered by the steam engine provided mechanical power can be used as drive power.
  • the structure has the advantage that the steam engine can then build very small and compact, since he does not have to overcome his own starting torques, but can be started by either the internal combustion engine or provided for the internal combustion engine starting device accordingly.
  • Figure 1 shows a possible embodiment of a steam engine for the Dampf Vietnamese mixesvorses
  • FIG. 2 shows a drive device with the steam cycle device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a steam engine 1, which is designed here as a steam engine 1 with a cylinder.
  • a plurality of such cylinders may be combined in the manner known per se to form a multi-cylinder steam engine.
  • the steam engine 1 of Figure 1 shows a housing 2 and a cylinder space enclosed by the housing 3.
  • a working piston 4 can be seen, which is designed in the known and proven design as a plunger.
  • This working piston 4 is now articulated via a piston pin 5 with a connecting rod 6 schematically indicated here, which in turn is hingedly connected to a crankshaft 7.
  • the steam engine 1 has in the region of a cylinder head 8, which in turn forms part of the housing 2, an inlet space 9, iri which through which an opening 10 live steam F can flow.
  • the working piston 4 is in the state shown here before reaching the top dead center, which is then achieved when the articulated connection between the connecting rod 6 and the crankshaft 7 in the direction of the cylinder 3 points. Shortly before this top dead center of the working piston 4 is reached, this working piston abuts a plunger 16, which is arranged in the region of the cylinder head 8 facing piston surface, by a mechanical contact with the valve body 12 against the force of the spring means 13 and the pressure of the Main steam F in the region of the inlet space 9, so that this valve body 12 lifts from its valve seat 14.
  • the energy-rich live steam F present with the appropriate pressure and corresponding temperature can flow through the opening 17, which is released from the valve body 12, along the plunger 16 into the working space and thereby press the working piston 4 in the direction of the crankshaft 7.
  • mechanical energy is transmitted from the working piston 4 to the crankshaft 7 via the connecting rod 6 and the piston pin 5.
  • the plunger 16 Upon leaving the region of top dead center, the plunger 16 will simultaneously interrupt the mechanical contact with the valve body 12 so that it is pressed back into the valve seat 14 by the force of the spring device 13 and seals off the region of the inlet 9 with respect to the region of the working space 15.
  • the live steam F is correspondingly expanded while simultaneously outputting power to the working piston 4.
  • the working piston 4 is driven so deep down in the cylinder chamber 3 that it releases openings 18 which are arranged in the outer surface of the cylinder chamber 3 in the housing 2.
  • These openings 18 may, for example, as an opening or as more distributed over the circumference
  • Openings in the form of holes, slots or the like may be formed. Through these openings, which serve as an outlet for the relaxed exhaust steam A, flows a large part of the relaxed exhaust steam A according to the arrow A from the working space 15 from.
  • the working piston 4 is then kept running by the further movement of the crankshaft 7 due to the inertia and / or other cylinders and moved back up, the residual steam is compressed. Shortly before the new top dead center is reached, the plunger 16 then opens the valve device 11 again by mechanical contact with the valve body 12 and the process described above begins again.
  • This construction also makes it possible to construct the steam engine 1 particularly simply, since in the region of the cylinder head 8 only elements for supplying steam, the so-called puffing, have to be provided, while for vapor removal, the so-called exhausts, the openings 18 in the region of the housing 2, and here in the region of the lateral surface of the cylinder 3, sufficient.
  • This makes it possible to form a very simple and compact cylinder head 8, which only has to have the spring-loaded inlet valve 11.
  • the operation of this intake valve 11 can, as described, carried out directly by a plunger 16 through the working piston 4.
  • Inlet valve 11 are introduced via a suitable screw 22 by a closed by means of the screw 22 opening 23 in the cylinder head 8 and the inlet space 9. This is very simple in terms of structure and also allows easy accessibility and, if appropriate, easy replacement of the valve device 11.
  • a central position should be selected in order to avoid tilting of the working piston in the cylinder space. So that can at least in the region of the lower working space of the plunger and the inlet valve are no longer centrally located, so that this would have to be placed off-center. Even with such a construction with a double-acting working piston, it would be conceivable that only the corresponding inlets would be present on each side of the piston, in which case one or optionally two outlets could be realized centrally via corresponding openings in the lateral surface of the cylinder.
  • This dead space ie the volume which remains in the working space 15 when the working piston 4 is in its top dead center, will include in such a structure a corresponding amount of steam not streamed off.
  • a dead space is suitable which has a volume which is greater than 10% of the cylinder displacement.
  • the speed of the plunger during the bellowing of the valve body 12 and thus when opening the valve device 11 is relatively small, whereby only minimal loads occur. To further minimize these loads, it makes sense to limit the stroke of the intake valve 11 accordingly. It has proved to be particularly favorable when the lift of the inlet valve 11 and thus actually the stroke of the valve body 12 is less than 3% of the total stroke of the working piston 4.
  • Such a steam engine 1 can now be carried out correspondingly simple and small. It has its particular advantages when it is combined with a further engine, in particular an internal combustion engine 19, in a drive device 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows such a drive device 20.
  • the internal combustion engine 19 is included both act in the case shown here on a common crankshaft 7, which, however, can also be coupled together via an optionally indicated transmission unit 21 according to fixed or mechanically from two individual crankshafts.
  • both the internal combustion engine 19 and the steam engine 1 may also be provided a known starting device, as is well known and common in internal combustion engines.
  • a known starting device By the direct or indirect coupling of the crankshaft 7 of the internal combustion engine 19 and the steam engine 1, both the internal combustion engine 19 and the steam engine 1 can be started by the starting device, which is not shown here.
  • the starting device which is not shown here.
  • the optional transmission device 21 would then have to be present in any case and in turn have a corresponding coupling device.
  • a steam cycle device 24 can be seen, which is designed with closed steam cycle.
  • the steam cycle device 24 essentially comprises an evaporator 25 which in some way utilizes the exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 19.
  • waste heat from other sources for example, the waste heat from a charge air cooler, ancillary units or the like.
  • the various waste heat streams can be introduced into the liquid of the steam cycle device 24 in parallel or serially one after the other.
  • the vaporized liquid is then passed as live steam F into the steam engine 1, which is only schematically indicated here, and in this manner, as already described in detail above relaxed.
  • the steam engine 1 thus represents the expander of the steam cycle process device 24.
  • the effluent A flowing through the outlets of the steam engine 1 then passes into the region of a condenser 26 by being condensed again into liquid, which is then pumped into a reservoir 27 at a lower pressure level Example flows to ambient pressure. From the reservoir 27, the liquid can be fed back to the evaporator 25 in a manner known per se via a suitable working medium pump 28 as a working medium before the cycle begins again. In this way, exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 19 can be used to be converted via the steam engine 1 into mechanical power.
  • This mechanical power can then, as shown here, be supplied via a common crankshaft 7 to a drive, for example a utility vehicle, rail vehicle or the like.
  • a drive for example a utility vehicle, rail vehicle or the like.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif à cycle vapeur pourvu d'un circuit vapeur fermé. Ce dispositif comporte un réservoir pour un fluide de travail liquide, un évaporateur pour évaporer le fluide de travail liquide, un détendeur pour détendre le fluide de travail évaporé, un condenseur pour liquéfier le fluide de travail détendu en forme de vapeur provenant du détendeur et une pompe de fluide de travail pour acheminer le fluide de travail liquide du réservoir vers l'évaporateur. Le détendeur est conçu comme un moteur à vapeur. Le moteur à vapeur comporte une carcasse et au moins une chambre de travail cylindrique qui est entourée par la carcasse et dans laquelle un piston de travail peut être déplacé par la pression de la vapeur. Le moteur à vapeur comporte en outre une entrée pour acheminer de la vapeur fraîche dans la chambre de travail et une sortie pour évacuer la vapeur d'échappement de la chambre de travail. L'entrée comporte selon l'invention une soupape d'entrée. La soupape d'entrée est ouverte par l'intermédiaire d'un élément d'actionnement à l'encontre d'une force de ressort. L'élément d'actionnement est actionné au moins indirectement par le piston de travail quand celui-ci se trouve dans la zone du point mort supérieur.
PCT/EP2010/001307 2009-03-04 2010-03-03 Dispositif à cycle vapeur WO2010099941A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009011215.4 2009-03-04
DE102009011215 2009-03-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010099941A1 true WO2010099941A1 (fr) 2010-09-10

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ID=42105867

Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2010/001307 WO2010099941A1 (fr) 2009-03-04 2010-03-03 Dispositif à cycle vapeur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2010099941A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012010372A1 (fr) * 2010-07-19 2012-01-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Embrayage électromagnétique pour relier un moteur à vapeur à un moteur à combustion interne
WO2017036941A1 (fr) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-09 Ernst Beck Moteur à détente de gaz et procédé pour faire fonctionner un moteur à détente de gaz
EP3271557B1 (fr) * 2015-03-16 2020-11-25 RD Estate GmbH & Co. KG Moteur à vapeur
EP4001586A1 (fr) * 2020-11-18 2022-05-25 RD Estate GmbH & Co. KG Soupape de commande à sollicitation thermique optimisée, moteur à piston à vapeur comportant la soupape de commande, installation de cogénération comportant le moteur à piston à vapeur ainsi que procédé de fonctionnement du moteur à piston à vapeur
EP4001587A1 (fr) * 2020-11-18 2022-05-25 RD Estate GmbH & Co. KG Soupape de commande à débit optimisé pour un moteur à piston à vapeur, moteur à piston à vapeur comportant la soupape de commande, installation de cogénération comportant le moteur à piston à vapeur ainsi que procédé de fonctionnement du moteur à piston à vapeur
WO2022204742A1 (fr) 2021-04-01 2022-10-06 Martin Hadlauer Unité machine à vapeur avec stockage d'énergie

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US460616A (en) * 1891-10-06 Direct-acting engine
GB190003037A (en) * 1900-02-15 1900-12-31 Alfred Wetzel Improvements in Valve Gear for Direct Acting Steam Engines and the like.
US791368A (en) * 1903-08-31 1905-05-30 M & P Co Fluid motor or meter.
US1065809A (en) * 1912-11-19 1913-06-24 William Hunter Jr Steam-engine.
US3910160A (en) * 1974-11-01 1975-10-07 William J Divine Uniflow steam engine
GB1554766A (en) * 1975-07-24 1979-10-31 Ridgway S L Vehicle propulsion system
US4788823A (en) * 1983-08-04 1988-12-06 Johnston Barry W Valve mechanism for controlling a reciprocating engine power stroke
WO1995035433A1 (fr) * 1994-06-20 1995-12-28 Ranotor Utvecklings Ab Groupe moteur constitue d'un moteur a combustion interne et d'un moteur a vapeur
DE19610382A1 (de) * 1996-03-16 1997-09-18 Reinhard Prof Dr Tech Leithner Kombimotor
US5806403A (en) * 1990-01-04 1998-09-15 Johnston; Barry Multicylinder self-starting uniflow engine
EP1944184A1 (fr) * 2007-01-12 2008-07-16 Voith Patent GmbH Unité d'entraînement hybride dotée d'un moteur à combustion interne et d'une machine à vapeur

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US460616A (en) * 1891-10-06 Direct-acting engine
GB190003037A (en) * 1900-02-15 1900-12-31 Alfred Wetzel Improvements in Valve Gear for Direct Acting Steam Engines and the like.
US791368A (en) * 1903-08-31 1905-05-30 M & P Co Fluid motor or meter.
US1065809A (en) * 1912-11-19 1913-06-24 William Hunter Jr Steam-engine.
US3910160A (en) * 1974-11-01 1975-10-07 William J Divine Uniflow steam engine
GB1554766A (en) * 1975-07-24 1979-10-31 Ridgway S L Vehicle propulsion system
US4788823A (en) * 1983-08-04 1988-12-06 Johnston Barry W Valve mechanism for controlling a reciprocating engine power stroke
US5806403A (en) * 1990-01-04 1998-09-15 Johnston; Barry Multicylinder self-starting uniflow engine
WO1995035433A1 (fr) * 1994-06-20 1995-12-28 Ranotor Utvecklings Ab Groupe moteur constitue d'un moteur a combustion interne et d'un moteur a vapeur
DE19610382A1 (de) * 1996-03-16 1997-09-18 Reinhard Prof Dr Tech Leithner Kombimotor
DE19610382C2 (de) 1996-03-16 2000-06-29 Reinhard Leithner Kombimotor
EP1944184A1 (fr) * 2007-01-12 2008-07-16 Voith Patent GmbH Unité d'entraînement hybride dotée d'un moteur à combustion interne et d'une machine à vapeur

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012010372A1 (fr) * 2010-07-19 2012-01-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Embrayage électromagnétique pour relier un moteur à vapeur à un moteur à combustion interne
US9080658B2 (en) 2010-07-19 2015-07-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetic clutch for connecting a steam engine to a combustion engine
EP3271557B1 (fr) * 2015-03-16 2020-11-25 RD Estate GmbH & Co. KG Moteur à vapeur
WO2017036941A1 (fr) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-09 Ernst Beck Moteur à détente de gaz et procédé pour faire fonctionner un moteur à détente de gaz
EP4001586A1 (fr) * 2020-11-18 2022-05-25 RD Estate GmbH & Co. KG Soupape de commande à sollicitation thermique optimisée, moteur à piston à vapeur comportant la soupape de commande, installation de cogénération comportant le moteur à piston à vapeur ainsi que procédé de fonctionnement du moteur à piston à vapeur
EP4001587A1 (fr) * 2020-11-18 2022-05-25 RD Estate GmbH & Co. KG Soupape de commande à débit optimisé pour un moteur à piston à vapeur, moteur à piston à vapeur comportant la soupape de commande, installation de cogénération comportant le moteur à piston à vapeur ainsi que procédé de fonctionnement du moteur à piston à vapeur
WO2022204742A1 (fr) 2021-04-01 2022-10-06 Martin Hadlauer Unité machine à vapeur avec stockage d'énergie
AT524892A1 (de) * 2021-04-01 2022-10-15 Dampfmaschineneinheit mit Energiespeicherung

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