WO2010098756A1 - Système d'inspection d'ascenseur - Google Patents
Système d'inspection d'ascenseur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010098756A1 WO2010098756A1 PCT/US2009/035245 US2009035245W WO2010098756A1 WO 2010098756 A1 WO2010098756 A1 WO 2010098756A1 US 2009035245 W US2009035245 W US 2009035245W WO 2010098756 A1 WO2010098756 A1 WO 2010098756A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- traction member
- defects
- controller
- elevator
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
- B66B7/1207—Checking means
- B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables
- B66B7/1223—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables by analysing electric variables
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
- B66B7/1207—Checking means
- B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables
- B66B7/123—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables by analysing magnetic variables
Definitions
- the methods and devices disclosed herein relate to elevator inspection systems, in particular, systems for inspecting elevator traction members for defects.
- a typical traction elevator system includes an elevator car and a counterweight, each suspended on opposite ends of traction members, such as belts or ropes (also known as cables), in an elevator hoistway.
- the elevator car may be attached to a car frame to which the traction members are attached.
- the elevator car and frame are pulled up and let down the hoistway by the traction members, which are looped around a sheave driven by a hoist machine.
- the drive sheave and hoist machine are commonly located in the machine room near the top of the hoistway.
- Different roping arrangements may be employed in elevator systems to increase mechanical advantage, and thereby increase the duty of the elevator car without increasing the number or size of the traction members.
- the traction members instead of terminating at the car and counterweight, loop around idler sheaves on one or both of the car (or car frame) and the counterweight and terminate toward the top of the hoistway.
- Elevator traction members may be made up of one or more steel ropes. Each steel rope typically includes multiple cords which, in turn, include a number of strands made up of individual steel wires. Deterioration of a multi-strand or multi-cord elevator rope may adversely affect the tensile strength of the rope. The tensile strength of a rope is dependent upon various parameters including cross-sectional area. When portions of a steel rope crack, tear or plastically deform, the effective tension-bearing cross-sectional area of the rope is reduced and thereby portions of the rope may be disabled or weakened as load bearing members. Elevator rope deterioration can occur through normal wear and tear, impact, fatigue, and corrosion.
- RBI and magnetic flux leakage are two common methods used to detect defects in elevator ropes.
- both RBI and magnetic flux leakage have disadvantages.
- RBI requires applying an electrical current to the elevator rope to measure the resistance from end-to-end. In some applications, such as where the rope is unshielded by an electrical insulator, it may be undesirable to run an electrical current throughout the elevator rope.
- Magnetic flux leakage detection devices require permanent magnets, which may significantly increase the cost of the device, and may only be used to measure traction members moving at relatively slow speeds.
- the speed limitation of magnetic flux detection may completely foreclose inspection of some elevator systems, or require taking the elevator out of service for a special test run at lower speeds.
- the present invention aims to resolve one or more of the aforementioned issues that can affect elevator systems.
- a device for detecting defects in a moving elevator traction member includes an eddy current sensor configured to be arranged adjacent the moving traction member, and a controller configured to calibrate the sensor and interpret signals received from the sensor as the traction member moves by the sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a traction elevator system.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are orthogonal views of an embodiment of a traction member inspection device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inspection device of FIGS. 2A and 2B.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inspection device of FIGS. 2A-3 connected to an output device.
- FIG. 5A is a schematic view of the elevator system of FIG. 1 including the inspection device of FIGS. 2A-4.
- FIG. 5B is a schematic view of the inspection device of FIGS. 2A-5A communicating traction member defects to an elevator system controller.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an elevator system according to the present invention, which elevator system includes two inspection devices arranged in series in the elevator system of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 7 is an orthogonal view of multiple inspection devices employed in parallel to inspect multiple traction members.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of elevator system 10 including car 12, counterweight 14, traction members 16, such as ropes or belts (hereinafter collectively “ropes 16"), drive machine 18, sometimes referred to as a hoist machine, and hoistway 20.
- traction members 16 such as ropes or belts (hereinafter collectively “ropes 16")
- drive machine 18 sometimes referred to as a hoist machine, and hoistway 20.
- car 12 and counterweight 14 are connected to drive machine 18 by ropes 16.
- Elevator system 10 employs a
- Ropes 16 wrap around drive sheave 24 between idler sheaves 12a on car 12 and idler sheave 14a on counterweight 14.
- Motor 22 of drive machine 18 is powered to turn drive sheave 24, which engages ropes 16 to move car 12 (and thereby counterweight 14) up and down hoistway 20.
- Counterweight 14 is configured to counterbalance the weight of car
- counterweight 14 contributes to maintaining the tension in ropes 16 necessary to allow drive sheave 24 to drive car 12 without slipping.
- Elevator traction members e.g. ropes 16 may develop defects during elevator operation. For example, normal service wear, impact loading, fatigue, and corrosion may generate cracks, tears, or plastic deformation in one or more portions of the traction members.
- Embodiments of the present invention therefore provide methods and devices for inspecting in service elevator traction members to detect defects therein using eddy current sensors.
- Devices and methods according to the present invention may be used in relatively high speed elevator applications, e.g. up to 2.5 m/s (approximately 8.2 ft/s), and may detect surface and internal defects in traction members without contacting the traction members, without using permanent magnets, and without passing current throughout the traction members.
- FIGS. 2 A and 2B are orthogonal views of an embodiment of an inspection device 30 according to the present invention.
- the inspection device 30 engages rope 16 and includes bracket 32, eddy current sensor 34, controller 36, rope guides 38, and handles 40.
- bracket 32 is a channel or U-shaped member to which eddy current sensor 34, rope guides 38, and handles 40 are connected.
- Sensor 34 is arranged adjacent to one side 16a of rope 16 such that when rope 16 is in motion, such as during operation of elevator system 10 of FIG. 1, successive portions of rope 16 pass by sensor 34.
- Controller 36 is communicatively connected to device 30 and configured to calibrate sensor 34 and interpret signals received from sensor 34 as rope 16 moves by sensor 34.
- Rope guides 38 are configured to position rope 16 as it moves by sensor 34.
- An eddy current sensor generally speaking, is a coil of wire through which alternating current is passed. Passing alternating current through the coil generates a magnetic field in and around the coil. The magnetic field in and around the sensor coil will change with the magnitude of the alternating current flowing through the coil. If the sensor is brought in close proximity to a conductive material, such as steel, the sensor's changing magnetic field induces current flow in the material. The induced current, i.e. eddy current, flows in closed loops in planes perpendicular to the magnetic flux produced by the sensor coil. The eddy currents produce their own magnetic fields that interact with the primary magnetic field of the sensor coil. By measuring changes in the resistance and inductive reactance of the sensor coil, information can be gathered about the test material.
- the amount of material cutting through the sensor coil's magnetic field e.g. the cross-sectional area of a steel rope
- the condition of the material e.g. whether it contains cracks or other defects
- alternating current may be passed through a coil in eddy current sensor 34 as electrically conductive elevator rope 16 moves by sensor 34.
- the alternating current passing through sensor 34 generates a magnetic field in and around sensor 34, which magnetic field in turn induces eddy currents in rope 16.
- the induced eddy currents in rope 16 generate magnetic fields that interact with the primary magnetic fields in sensor 34.
- Sensor 34 may then generate signals by measuring changes in, for example, the resistance and inductive reactance in sensor 34 caused by the interaction between the eddy current magnetic field in rope 16 and the magnetic field in and around sensor 34. The signals generated by sensor 34 may then be sent to controller 36.
- inspection device 30 may be employed manually by an operator or automatically by fixing device 30 adjacent rope 16 in elevator hoistway 20 and configuring device 30 to communicate information to a local or remote location.
- an operator may use inspection device 30 by entering hoistway 20 and positioning device 30 adjacent rope 16 using handles 40.
- the operator may position bracket 32 so that rope 16 passes through the channel of bracket 32 and thereby moves by sensor 34.
- sensor 34 As elevator rope 16 moves by sensor 34, eddy current sensors 34 generate signals that may be sent to controller 36.
- controller 36 is configured to calibrate sensor 34 and interpret signals received from sensor 34 as rope 16 moves by sensor 34.
- controller 36 includes rope speed dial 36a, adjustable filters 36b, and severity level indicator 36c.
- Controller 36 may calibrate sensor 34 based on, for example, the speed and diameter of rope 16.
- controller 36 includes rope speed dial 36a to calibrate sensor 34 to the particular speed of the rope being inspected.
- Controller 36 also includes adjustable filters 36b, e.g. low and high pass filters, configured to filter ambient noise present in the elevator hoistway from sensor 34.
- Controller 36 may also be configured to adjust the phase and sensitivity of sensor 34.
- controller 36 may also interpret the signals received from sensor 34 to detect defects in rope 16.
- Controller 36 may include severity level indicator 36c to provide a visual indication of defects detected in rope 16 by interpreting the signals received from sensor 34. As shown in FIG. 3, severity level indicator 36c may be a visual display with one or more colors and sectors by which the occurrence and severity of defects detected in rope 16 are indicated by controller 36.
- controller 36 may be connected to an external device to communicate defects detected in rope 16 by interpreting the signals from sensor 34.
- device 30 includes controller 36 communicatively (e.g., a wired connection, a wireless connection, a corporate LAN or WAN connection, an internet connection, a modem connection, etc.) connected to monitor 42.
- Controller 36 may interpret signals received from eddy current sensor 34 to determine the presence and severity of defects in rope 16.
- Controller 36 may then transmit the signals to monitor 42 to display the interpreted signals on, for example, a graph.
- controller 36 may be connected to other devices, such as printers, computers, or equivalent devices configured to output data representative of defects detected in rope 16.
- FIG. 5A is a schematic of inspection device 30 employed in an automatic mode in elevator system 10.
- inspection device 30 is fixed in elevator hoistway 20 adjacent rope 16.
- Inspection device 30 may be fixed in any way appropriate for supporting device 30 and arranging device 30 such that rope 16 moves by sensor 34.
- device 30 may connected to a stanchion positioned in the machine room of system 10 toward the top of hoistway 20. In order to inspect as much of rope 16 as possible, it will be advantageous to position device 30 in relatively close proximity to drive sheave 24 as shown in FIG. 5A.
- inspection device 30 may be configured to communicate defects detected in rope 16 to a local or remote location away from hoistway 20 in which device 30 is fixed. For example, as illustrated in FIG.
- inspection device 30 may detect defects by controller 36 interpreting signals from sensor 34. Controller 36 may be configured to then send the rope degradation information over network 44 to, for example, a remote call center or a local or remote field engineer 46.
- a Remote Elevator Monitoring (REM) system may be connected to network 44 and may be configured to receive and route control information, such as the rope degradation information sent by controller 36 from the elevator system 10, to call center/field engineer 46. After controller 36 transmits the rope degradation information to call center/field engineer 46, the receiving device or personnel may automatically or manually remotely shut down operation of elevator system 10 based on the presence and severity of defects in rope 16 as represented by the rope degradation information.
- REM Remote Elevator Monitoring
- Network 44 may include one or more public or private network infrastructures, such as a corporate LAN or WAN, the public telephone network (POTS), the Internet, and/or other communication protocol(s).
- the information sent over network 44 may be transmitted via wired, such as Ethernet, ISDN, or Tl, or wireless, such as Wi-Fi or satellite, transport mediums.
- an elevator system may include two inspection devices 30 in series as shown in the schematic view of elevator system 10 in FIG. 6.
- elevator system 10 includes two inspection devices 30 fixed in elevator hoistway 20 adjacent rope 16. Inspection devices 30 are arranged in series adjacent opposite sides 16a, 16b of rope 16.
- Devices 30 are therefore arranged such that one eddy current sensor 34 is adjacent to one side 16a of rope 16 and a second sensor 34 is arranged adjacent to an opposite side 16b of rope 16.
- Employing two inspection devices 30 and thereby two eddy current sensors 34 effectively cuts in half the cross-sectional area of rope 16 that would otherwise need to be inspected by a single sensor 34.
- embodiments according to the present invention are capable of inspecting substantially all of the cross-section of rope 16 to detect surface, as well as internal defects in rope 16.
- additional embodiments may inspect multiple traction members simultaneously.
- multiple traction member inspection devices could be employed in parallel to inspect multiple traction members as shown in FIG. 7.
- a single device may be configured with multiple eddy current sensors respectively arranged adjacent multiple traction members.
- the eddy current sensors could be connected to a single controller or each sensor may be connected to a distinct controller.
- multiple serial pairs of inspection devices such as the pair shown in FIG. 6 may be employed in parallel to inspect multiple traction members.
- embodiments of the present invention include methods of detecting defects in a moving elevator traction member, which methods include sensing physical variations in the moving traction member with an eddy current sensor to detect defects in the traction member, and transmitting the defects detected in the moving traction member to an output device.
- Sensing physical variations in the traction member may include, for example, applying an alternating electrical current to a metallic coil in the eddy current sensor, arranging the metallic coil adjacent the moving traction member, measuring electrical current induced in the moving traction member by magnetic fields generated in and around the metallic coil, and interpreting the measured induced current to detect defects in the moving traction member.
- the output device to which the detected defects are transmitted may be one of, for example, a defect severity level indicator, a printer, a monitor, or a computer.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide several advantages over prior traction member inspection systems.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide methods and devices for inspecting in-service elevator traction members to detect defects using eddy current sensors.
- Devices and methods according to the present invention may be used in relatively high speed elevator applications, e.g. up to 2.5 m/s (approximately 8.2 ft/s), and may detect surface and internal defects in traction members without contacting the traction members, without using permanent magnets, and without passing current throughout the traction members.
- a single inspection device or a pair of inspection devices in series may be employed to inspect a traction member.
- pairs of serial inspection devices may be employed in parallel to inspect several traction members simultaneously.
- embodiments of the present invention may be employed manually by an operator or automatically by fixing an inspection device adjacent a traction member in the elevator hoistway and configuring the device to communicate information to a local or remote location.
- Methods and devices according to the present invention therefore provide cost effective inspection techniques adaptable to a wide variety of elevator system applications to reduce system material and maintenance costs and increase safety.
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention porte sur un dispositif de détection de défauts dans un élément mobile de traction d'ascenseur mobile, comprenant un capteur à courants de Foucault configuré pour être disposé adjacent à l'élément mobile de traction, et un dispositif de commande configuré pour étalonner le capteur et interpréter les signaux reçus du capteur lorsque l'élément de traction est déplacé par le capteur.
Priority Applications (1)
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PCT/US2009/035245 WO2010098756A1 (fr) | 2009-02-26 | 2009-02-26 | Système d'inspection d'ascenseur |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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PCT/US2009/035245 WO2010098756A1 (fr) | 2009-02-26 | 2009-02-26 | Système d'inspection d'ascenseur |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015160254A1 (fr) | 2014-04-16 | 2015-10-22 | Ihc Holland Ie B.V. | Contrôle de câble en temps réel |
WO2016046052A1 (fr) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-03-31 | Inventio Ag | Installation d'ascenseur |
EP3505482A1 (fr) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-03 | KONE Corporation | Procédé et agencement de surveillance de l'état d'un câble d'un appareil de levage |
US10371512B2 (en) | 2016-04-08 | 2019-08-06 | Otis Elevator Company | Method and system for multiple 3D sensor calibration |
CN110626913A (zh) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-12-31 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | 电梯系统的张力部件的健康监测 |
WO2021105545A1 (fr) | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-03 | Kone Corporation | Surveillance d'un système d'ascenseur |
RU2775348C1 (ru) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-06-29 | Анатолий Аркадьевич Короткий | Способ визуально-измерительного контроля стального каната |
CN114803773A (zh) * | 2014-02-18 | 2022-07-29 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | 用于电梯受拉构件的检查系统的连接器 |
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Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114803773A (zh) * | 2014-02-18 | 2022-07-29 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | 用于电梯受拉构件的检查系统的连接器 |
WO2015160254A1 (fr) | 2014-04-16 | 2015-10-22 | Ihc Holland Ie B.V. | Contrôle de câble en temps réel |
NL2012634A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2016-02-03 | Ihc Holland Ie Bv | Real-time rope monitoring. |
CN106470930A (zh) * | 2014-04-16 | 2017-03-01 | Ihc荷兰Ie有限公司 | 绳索实时监测 |
US10317389B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2019-06-11 | Ihc Holland Ie B.V. | Real-time rope monitoring |
WO2016046052A1 (fr) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-03-31 | Inventio Ag | Installation d'ascenseur |
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AU2015321059B2 (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2018-11-15 | Inventio Ag | Elevator system |
US10202258B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2019-02-12 | Inventio Ag | Method for determining state of elevator system component |
US10371512B2 (en) | 2016-04-08 | 2019-08-06 | Otis Elevator Company | Method and system for multiple 3D sensor calibration |
CN110002321A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-12 | 通力股份公司 | 用于提升设备的绳索的状态监测的方法和装置 |
EP3505482A1 (fr) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-03 | KONE Corporation | Procédé et agencement de surveillance de l'état d'un câble d'un appareil de levage |
US11505430B2 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2022-11-22 | Kone Corporation | Method and arrangement for condition monitoring of a rope of a hoisting apparatus |
CN110002321B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2022-12-02 | 通力股份公司 | 用于提升设备的绳索的状态监测的方法和装置 |
CN110626913A (zh) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-12-31 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | 电梯系统的张力部件的健康监测 |
EP3587331A1 (fr) * | 2018-06-25 | 2020-01-01 | Otis Elevator Company | Surveillance de l'état de santé d'éléments de tension d'un système d'ascenseur |
US11884516B2 (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2024-01-30 | Otis Elevator Company | Health monitoring of elevator system tension members |
WO2021105545A1 (fr) | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-03 | Kone Corporation | Surveillance d'un système d'ascenseur |
CN114728765A (zh) * | 2019-11-27 | 2022-07-08 | 通力股份公司 | 电梯系统的监控 |
EP4065498A4 (fr) * | 2019-11-27 | 2023-07-26 | KONE Corporation | Surveillance d'un système d'ascenseur |
RU2775348C1 (ru) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-06-29 | Анатолий Аркадьевич Короткий | Способ визуально-измерительного контроля стального каната |
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