WO2010088879A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un revêtement résistant à l'usure sur un élément de construction - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un revêtement résistant à l'usure sur un élément de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010088879A1
WO2010088879A1 PCT/DE2010/000101 DE2010000101W WO2010088879A1 WO 2010088879 A1 WO2010088879 A1 WO 2010088879A1 DE 2010000101 W DE2010000101 W DE 2010000101W WO 2010088879 A1 WO2010088879 A1 WO 2010088879A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
solder layer
solder
hard material
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2010/000101
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Strasser
Bernd Daniels
Herbert Hanrieder
Alexander Gindorf
Original Assignee
Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh filed Critical Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh
Publication of WO2010088879A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010088879A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
    • C23C28/022—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer with at least one MCrAlX layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/027—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal matrix material comprising a mixture of at least two metals or metal phases or metal matrix composites, e.g. metal matrix with embedded inorganic hard particles, CERMET, MMC.
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F05D2230/238—Soldering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/21—Oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/2112—Aluminium oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/21—Oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/2118—Zirconium oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/22—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/226—Carbides
    • F05D2300/2261—Carbides of silicon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/22—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/226—Carbides
    • F05D2300/2262—Carbides of titanium, e.g. TiC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/22—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/226—Carbides
    • F05D2300/2263—Carbides of tungsten, e.g. WC
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a wear-resistant coating on a component, in particular on a gas turbine component, for example on the blade tip of a rotor blade of a compressor or a turbine.
  • Different components are coated to protect their surface against wear or corrosion, the thermal insulation of the underlying component zones or to improve their temperature and / or wear resistance with suitable materials, such as metals, metal alloys, ceramics, composites or so-called hard coatings.
  • suitable materials such as metals, metal alloys, ceramics, composites or so-called hard coatings.
  • Protective layers with wear-resistant surfaces or properties are used in particular for coating blade tips and are usually referred to as blade tip armor.
  • the tip portion is often upgraded with a coating containing abrasive particles, also called hard coatings, which tip is intended to impact the surface of a sheath of a material that is softer than the contained abrasive particles.
  • Electrodeposition is a process which is associated with great technical effort.
  • This method is the use of two sequential deposition processes, which are associated with great technical effort and thus high costs.
  • the electrodeposition of thick layers is also associated with a lot of time.
  • electrodeposition coatings are not as stable and of high quality as coatings produced by soldering or welding.
  • EP 0 686 229 B1 discloses a method for applying an abrasive layer to the end of a turbine blade.
  • a metallic coating is first deposited by electrodeposition on the blade tips.
  • particles of an abrasive material are subsequently anchored to the second layer by composite deposition.
  • Electrodeposition is a process which involves a lot of technical effort.
  • a particular disadvantage of this method is the use of two sequential deposition processes, which are associated with great technical complexity and thus high costs.
  • the electrodeposition of thick layers is also associated with a lot of time.
  • electrodeposition coatings are not as stable and of high quality as coatings produced by soldering or welding.
  • a composite coating is furthermore known, which has distributed embedded hard material particles in a metallic matrix.
  • the matrix is composed of an elec- trical solder containing titanium.
  • the solder is formed by a multi-layer precoating on the base material, which consists of layers of the elementary components of the solder and / or the hard material particles.
  • the composite coating is produced by melting the described solder on the base material.
  • a disadvantage is that the loading of the component with hard material particles is associated here with high temperatures. In order for the hard particles to adhere to the component, the top layer of the solder must already melt before the hard particles are applied thereto. So this happens, the top layer of the solder must have the lowest melting temperature before the attachment of the hard particles.
  • the production of a multilayer solder and the melting of the solder in the attachment of the hard material particles is also associated with great technical, energy and time.
  • US Pat. No. 5,359,770 discloses an abrasive coating and a method of making it, which enable the construction of a wear-resistant tip armor on turbine blades.
  • a semi-rigid film consisting of a metal matrix and hard particles in a mold is made to match the turbine blade tip shape and positioned at the tip to be coated.
  • the preformed film is then melted on the blade tip. Rapid cooling of the coated blade tip in the vacuum oven then maintains the microstructure and mechanical properties of the blade.
  • the coating used must be prepared before the actual melting process, be present as a film and molded in a mold suitable for the component to be coated.
  • a disadvantage is the time required for these preparations. If you also want to use other hard material particles or another matrix composition, a new coating must be prepared in advance.
  • US Pat. No. 6,811,898 B2 discloses an abrasive coating which contains hard material particles and a method for the production thereof.
  • the abrasive coating is applied to the tip of a blade.
  • a tape consisting of a plastic mixture containing a brazing alloy and a binder is placed on a component to be coated. Subsequently, this tape is treated with a liquid mixture containing hard particles.
  • the hard material particles may be provided with a metallic sheathing.
  • a disadvantage is that the hard material particles are mechanically applied to the tape together with a mixture. As a result, damage to the tape and the underlying component can not be excluded. In addition, it can not be ensured that the hard particles are evenly distributed on the surface. Furthermore, it can not be ruled out that some hard material particles form lumps. Both can lead to an undesirable, lower and above all irreproducible layer quality of the abrasive coating.
  • a method for producing an abrasive coating on a component is known from DE 21 15 358 C2.
  • the first consists of a metallic matrix material and a binder and the second of an organic binder and the particles used. Both tapes are produced in a surface adapted to the component to be coated and this coated.
  • the layers may have previously been combined with each other by nip rolls or by means of an adhesive.
  • Said device likewise serves in particular for producing a protective layer on the component and has at least one inductor for carrying out the inductive high-temperature soldering method, wherein at least one induction amplifier is arranged in the region of the solder foil or slurry layer between the inductor and the component with the solder foil or slurry layer.
  • at least one induction amplifier is arranged in the region of the solder foil or slurry layer between the inductor and the component with the solder foil or slurry layer.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a wear-resistant coating on a component, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a device for producing a wear-resistant coating on a component, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method which nonetheless reduces the necessary production time of such a coating and the amount of hard material particle necessary therefor.
  • a solder layer is applied to the component and / or one or both surfaces of the solder layer are wetted at least partially with an adhesion promoter, wherein subsequently on the Component facing away from the surface hard material particles are applied by fluidized bed technology, which is then optionally dried, and wherein finally the resulting layer of solder, optionally adhesion promoter and hard particles is soldered to the component.
  • the impact forces of the particles on the surface held in the fluidized bed can additionally be influenced, whereby the adhesion of the particles to the surface can be optimized and damage to the surface is avoided.
  • the fluidized bed technology in the stationary state has the advantage of forming a particle bladder. This bubble has a clear limit and from the bubble formed only very few particles can be discharged. This leads to a sparing use of expensive because of the expensive manufacture of hard particles. Another The advantage is the fact that by switching off the upward flow, the bubble formed in the stationary state can be lowered in a controlled manner again.
  • the solder layer consists of a metal foil, which is obtained from the melt of a solder alloy.
  • this metallic foil is partially rolled.
  • the solder layer consists of a flexible band, which is composed at least of solder powder and binder.
  • the flexible band consists of at least one binder and a mixture of solder powder and MCrAlY powder, where Y is silver, gold, copper, cobalt, iron, titanium, nickel, tungsten, tin, silicon, boron, Chromium, zinc and / or mixtures thereof may be.
  • Y is silver, gold, copper, cobalt, iron, titanium, nickel, tungsten, tin, silicon, boron, Chromium, zinc and / or mixtures thereof may be.
  • the flexibility of the band allows easy and gentle attachment to the components to be coated.
  • the solder layer consists of a slurry, which consists of a suspension of at least solder powder and binder.
  • the suspension consists of at least one binder and a mixture of solder powder and MCrAlY powder, wherein Y is silver, gold, copper, cobalt, iron, titanium, nickel, tungsten, tin, silicon, boron, chromium, zinc and / or mixtures can be the same.
  • a slip as a solder layer has the advantage of being particularly gentle when attached to the components. Another advantage is that the attachment of an adhesion promoter to fix the solder layer to the component and / or to allow the adhesion of the hard material particles to the surface can be omitted.
  • the solder consists of an alloy with at least one main component corresponding to the material to be coated, for example titanium or nickel. This allows better adhesion of the wear-resistant coating in the subsequent soldering process on the component.
  • the solder may contain additional alloying elements, preferably silver, gold, copper, cobalt, iron, titanium, nickel, tungsten, tin, silicon, boron, chromium, zinc and / or mixtures thereof.
  • additional alloying elements preferably silver, gold, copper, cobalt, iron, titanium, nickel, tungsten, tin, silicon, boron, chromium, zinc and / or mixtures thereof.
  • the solder layer is brought into a form before its attachment to the component which is adapted to the surface of the component to be coated.
  • the solder layer is spot welded to the component to be coated, whereby the solder layer is fixed on the component, so that it is ensured in further manufacturing steps that the coating is soldered to the anticipated and to be coated surface.
  • the solder layer is arranged flat on the component to be coated, which ensures that between the component and solder layer no or only a small distance is present. This ensures that, after the subsequent soldering process, a high-quality connection between the component and the wear-resistant coating is produced.
  • Another advantage in the case of a vacuum or protective atmosphere soldering process is that no gases are trapped between the solder layer and the component.
  • An advantageous development of the method provides to provide at least partially one or both surfaces of the solder layer with a bonding agent. This ensures that the used hard material particles of the fluidized bed adhere to the surface provided with adhesion promoter. On the other hand, a gentle fixing of the solder layer on the component can be achieved thereby.
  • the adhesion promoter is preferably applied with a felt body to the corresponding surface or surfaces of the solder layer and / or sprayed onto the corresponding surface or surfaces of the solder layer.
  • a felt body for applying the adhesion promoter to the surface to be coated or the spraying of the adhesion promoter ensures that neither the surface of the solder layer nor that of the underlying component is damaged.
  • This type of application of the adhesion promoter also makes it possible to achieve very thin adhesion promoter layer thicknesses.
  • the Adhesive with a brush, rollers, stamp, tampon or by immersing the solder layer in a primer on the desired surface or surfaces of the solder layer applied.
  • adhesion promoter can be integrated in a simple manner, for example in an automated process.
  • component surface can be applied to the solder layer on softer surfaces using similar methods, likewise with adhesion promoters.
  • the attachment of the bonding agent can also be done both on the loose and on the already arranged on the component solder foil.
  • the layer thickness of the applied adhesion promoter is smaller than the mean diameter of the hard material particles used, thereby ensuring that the hard particles remain adhered to the surface to be coated, but are not completely embedded in the adhesion promoter.
  • the covering of the corresponding surface consists of only a few layers of hard material particles or quasi a monolayer of hard material particles.
  • the hard material particles consist of carbide, nitride, oxide or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred for their temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and high degree of hardness are (cubic) boron nitride, ceramic, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, chromium carbide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and / or zirconium oxide or a mixture thereof.
  • the hard material particles of different materials and / or with different diameters in a certain ratio to each other are used.
  • the wear properties of the coating can be selectively varied and the amount of a particularly expensive type of particle can be reduced.
  • varying the diameter of the hard material particles can be achieved at the same time that all hard material particles have approximately the same mass.
  • Yet another advantageous embodiment of the method provides to provide the hard material particles used with a sheath, which is adapted in their composition of the solder layer.
  • a better embedding of the hard material particles in the solder is achieved and a securely adhering Beschichrung of the component and a high layer quality allows.
  • alloys which at least partially consist of cobalt, nickel, titanium or a mixture thereof.
  • the solder layer is soldered to the component.
  • Local inductive soldering is a high-temperature soldering process, namely an inductive soldering process, which is carried out under a protective atmosphere, under vacuum conditions or under normal conditions. It is also a local heating process, in which an inductor and optionally an optional induction amplifier are arranged above the solder layer to be soldered and the component, wherein a simultaneous heating of the component in the region of the solder layer to be soldered and heating of the solder layer itself by means of the inductor generated heat energy occurs.
  • the temperature input into the solder layer and into the component can be influenced and controlled so that constant temperature conditions prevail in the component to be coated and in the solder layer, whereby high-quality, safe and durable coatings can be produced.
  • the method is used to coat the blade tips of a turbomachine, in particular the blade tips of a turbine or a compressor.
  • the method according to the invention is used to coat a plurality of blades, which are arranged radially on a disk, which can move in a circle.
  • the individual steps of the method are performed at certain positions of the circle, along the circumference.
  • a blisk can also be coated here.
  • a device according to the invention for producing a wear-resistant coating on a component has a disk on which at least one component to be coated is arranged.
  • the respective disc can be rotated about its axis, so that the components arranged on the disc, during the rotation of the disc about its axis, pass through a circular arc.
  • the respective method steps of the method according to the invention are performed on the component.
  • the inventive device simplifies and accelerates the serial coating of components.
  • a blisk can also be clamped.
  • a disk with at least one radially arranged component as a whole is replaced by a further disk, which likewise has at least one component arranged thereon.
  • Fig.1 A schematic representation of the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 A schematic representation of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the method according to the invention for producing a wear-resistant coating on a component.
  • a solder layer is arranged and fixed on a component to be coated.
  • the surface of the solder layer facing away from the component is at least partially wetted with an adhesion promoter.
  • a monolayer of hard material particles is applied to the surface by fluidized bed technology.
  • the surface is alternatively dried and, in a further method step 5, the resulting layer of the solder layer, the adhesion promoter and the hard material particles is soldered to the component or the resulting layer is composed from the solder layer, the bonding agent and the hard material particles without being dried before being soldered to the component.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the device according to the invention for producing a wear-resistant coating on a component 6.
  • a component 6 consisting of a titanium alloy turbine blades 6 are arranged radially on a circular disc 8.
  • the disc or alternatively the blisk 8, is rotatable about its central axis 11, so that the turbine blades 6 arranged on the disc 8 can undergo a circular movement.
  • the various steps 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 of the method according to the invention are carried out.
  • a solder layer 9 preformed for the blade 6, which consists of a titanium or nickel alloy is arranged on the blade 6 and spot-welded to the blade 6.
  • the disc 8 is rotated by a certain pitch angle, which in this example is 60 °, whereby the blade 6 is brought to the next process location.
  • a certain pitch angle which in this example is 60 °
  • the surface of the blade 6 to be coated is wetted with a bonding agent 10.
  • the bonding agent 10 is applied with a felt body.
  • the thus prepared blade 6 is above a fluidized bed 14, which consists of floating CBN particles 7.
  • the relative distance of the surface of the fluidized bed 14 to the surface of the blade 6 to be coated is selected such that the surface of the blade 6 provided with adhesion promoter 10 comes into contact with the hard material particles 7, which randomly spread and adhere to it randomly and one Train monolayer.
  • the blade 6 After another rotation of the holder 8 by the predetermined pitch angle, in this example 60 °, the blade 6 reaches the third process step 4, in which the surface of the blade 6 is dried by means of an air flow. Thereby Partially evaporates the solvent contained in the adhesion promoter 10, so that the hard particles 7 adhere to the surface.
  • the ready-prepared layer of solder layer 9, bonding agent 10 and hard particles 7 is ready for soldering 5 with the blade 6.
  • This is done by local inductive soldering using an inductor and optionally an optional induction amplifier, which is located at a small distance to the prepared surface and emits radiation heat in the region of the blade and the prepared layer.
  • the solvent residues of the adhesion promoter 10 evaporate, and the solder layer 9 together with the CBN particles 7 enter into a cohesive connection with the blade 6.
  • the blade 6 ' is ready with finished hard material coating 15 for further use.
  • the process can be carried out as a fully automated process.
  • the component to be coated may be, for example, a blade 6 'with a titanium alloy as the base material.
  • the solder layer 9 used consists of a titanium alloy. After the application of adhesion promoter 10 on the blade tip, CBN particles 7 coated with a titanium alloy are applied to the surface with a fluidized bed 14 and dried. Subsequently, the solder layer 9 and the blade 6 are soldered together in a vacuum-taking, locally inductive Hochtemperaturlötrind. The prevailing in the process chamber vacuum is, for example, about 10 "5 mbar.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant la fabrication d'un revêtement (14) résistant à l'usure sur un élément de construction (6). Le procédé de l'invention consiste: à disposer (1) au moins une couche de brasage (9) sur un élément de construction (6) à enduire, et/ou à mouiller (2) d'un agent adhésif (10) l'une au moins des deux faces de la couche de brasage (9); à appliquer sur la surface opposée à l'élément de construction (6) une couche de particules de matière dure (7) par lit fluidisé (13); à faire éventuellement sécher (4) la surface; et à réaliser le brasage entre, d'une part l'élément de construction (6), et d'autre part la couche faite de la couche de brasage (9) et éventuellement de l'agent adhésif (10) et des particules de matière dure (7). Le dispositif servant selon l'invention à fabriquer un revêtement résistant à l'usure (14) sur un élément de construction (6) comporte au moins un disque (8) qui est disposé radialement par rapport à l'élément de construction (6) et qui peut tourner autour de son axe (11), les différentes étapes du procédé de l'invention (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) s'exécutant en des positions déterminées se suivant sur le périmètre du disque.
PCT/DE2010/000101 2009-02-05 2010-01-30 Procédé de fabrication d'un revêtement résistant à l'usure sur un élément de construction WO2010088879A1 (fr)

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DE102009007666.2 2009-02-05
DE102009007666A DE102009007666A1 (de) 2009-02-05 2009-02-05 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer verschleißfesten Beschichtung auf einem Bauteil

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Cited By (1)

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CN103008987A (zh) * 2012-12-05 2013-04-03 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 带极焊丝生产混流式水轮机底环抗磨层的制造工艺方法

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DE102011101576A1 (de) 2011-05-13 2012-11-15 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Kombinierte Erwärmung zum Auflöten einer Spitzenpanzerung mittels Induktion und Laser
DE102011086524A1 (de) 2011-11-17 2013-05-23 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Panzerung von Dichtfins von TiAl-Schaufeln durch induktives Auftragslöten von Hartstoffpartikeln

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US3743556A (en) * 1970-03-30 1973-07-03 Composite Sciences Coating metallic substrate with powdered filler and molten metal
EP0264643A2 (fr) * 1986-10-17 1988-04-27 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour recouvrir des surfaces avec des matériaux durs
WO1994019583A1 (fr) * 1993-02-25 1994-09-01 Baj Coatings Limited Procede de production d'une pointe abrasive sur une aube de turbine
GB2294951A (en) * 1994-11-09 1996-05-15 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Metallic part with bonded coating containing hard particles
WO2002076631A2 (fr) * 2001-03-23 2002-10-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Couche de composite et son procede de production
WO2008106935A1 (fr) * 2007-03-02 2008-09-12 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour revêtir des pièces d'une turbine à gaz
DE102007061181A1 (de) 2007-12-17 2009-08-13 Taller Gmbh Feinsicherungsanordnung

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GB2241506A (en) 1990-02-23 1991-09-04 Baj Ltd Method of producing a gas turbine blade having an abrasive tip by electrodepo- sition.
US5359770A (en) 1992-09-08 1994-11-01 General Motors Corporation Method for bonding abrasive blade tips to the tip of a gas turbine blade
JP3801452B2 (ja) 2001-02-28 2006-07-26 三菱重工業株式会社 耐摩耗性コーティング及びその施工方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3743556A (en) * 1970-03-30 1973-07-03 Composite Sciences Coating metallic substrate with powdered filler and molten metal
EP0264643A2 (fr) * 1986-10-17 1988-04-27 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour recouvrir des surfaces avec des matériaux durs
WO1994019583A1 (fr) * 1993-02-25 1994-09-01 Baj Coatings Limited Procede de production d'une pointe abrasive sur une aube de turbine
GB2294951A (en) * 1994-11-09 1996-05-15 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Metallic part with bonded coating containing hard particles
WO2002076631A2 (fr) * 2001-03-23 2002-10-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Couche de composite et son procede de production
WO2008106935A1 (fr) * 2007-03-02 2008-09-12 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour revêtir des pièces d'une turbine à gaz
DE102007061181A1 (de) 2007-12-17 2009-08-13 Taller Gmbh Feinsicherungsanordnung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103008987A (zh) * 2012-12-05 2013-04-03 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 带极焊丝生产混流式水轮机底环抗磨层的制造工艺方法

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